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The doubly salient permanent magnet (DSPM) machines are very attractive for low-speed power generation. In this work, we propose a design technique to improve the output power of the DSPM generator by an adjustment of pole configuration. The number of stator and rotor poles, split ratio, as well as the stator pole arc of the generator, were proposedly adjusted and optimized. The output characteristics of the generator including the magnetic flux linkage, electromotive force, harmonic, cogging torque, electromagnetic torque, output voltage and output power were analyzed through finite element analysis. The symmetrical magnetic field distribution of all generators was firstly verified. Then, the results indicated that this particular generator was optimized at 18 stator poles and 12 rotor poles, while the split ratio and the stator pole arc should be set as 0.78 and 6.15 degrees, respectively. The proposed optimal generator could provide a significant improvement in the output voltage and the output power compared to the conventional structure. The output power of 1.28 kW can be reached by the optimal structure, which was two times higher than that of the conventional structure. The physical explanation regarding to the structural modification was also given. The proposed design technique can be applied for improving the output power of the DSPM machines.

The BLDC-MRM is a brushless d.c. multi-phase reluctance motor with bipolar two flat tops currents in the stator with a q=1 slot/pole/phase diametrical multiphase (m>3) a.c. stator winding and a magnetically anisotropic (Ld> Lq) passive rotor. The absence of rotor windings, the not so small air-gap, the around 90° natural power angle, good torque density, simple iE, i T control, high fault tolerance and good d.c. link input voltage usage in the inverter make BLDC-MRM tempting for many applications, including heavy traction. The present paper aims a first attempt to introduce a rather complete analytical sizing method accompanied by key FEM validation for emf (by i F ) waveform, torque pulsations and realization. Thermal stress is also investigated by FEM with promising results for 1.2 MW 2/6krpm traction applications.

High speed magnetic levitated brushless direct current motor system mainly consists of a motor, a rotor and two magnetic bearings. New ideas demonstrate advances in the design of integration interface and selection of the dynamic design parameters. In this paper, integrated design procedure is interpreted, considering the structural, electromagnetic and thermal aspects with their contradiction and integration. The motor design is set as the initial design entrance to determine its stator diameters with other key parameters as dynamic design parameters. Then, magnetic bearing design is set as the interface for rotor, with magnetic bearings’ diameters and lengths determined. So, all the dynamic parameters will be specified considering rotor dynamics and the corresponding strength/thermal analysis. Finally, several validations including finite element method and experiment, have been carried out. Prototype of this maglev motor system has been designed and manufactured, with sufficient experiment processes validated. It rotates over 55,332 rpm under load with drag system, corresponding to above design results.

In this paper, a co-axial dual-mechanical ports flux-switching permanent magnet (CADMP-FSPM) machine for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is proposed and investigated, which is comprised of two conventional co-axial FSPM machines, namely one high-speed inner rotor machine and one low-speed outer rotor machine and a non-magnetic ring sandwiched in between. Firstly, the topology and operation principle of the CADMP-FSPM machine are introduced, secondly, the control system of the proposed electronically-controlled continuously-variable transmission (E-CVT) system is given, thirdly, the key design specifications of the CADMP-FSPM machine are determined based on a conventional dual-mechanical ports (DMP) machine with a wound inner rotor. Fourthly, the performances of the CADMP-FSPM machine and the normal DMP machine under the same overall volume are compared, and the results indicate that the CADMP-FSPM machine has advantages over the conventional DMP machine in the elimination of brushes and slip rings, improved thermal dissipation conditions for the inner rotor, direct-driven operation, more flexible modes, lower cogging torque and torque ripple, lower total harmonic distortion (THD) values of phase PM flux linkage and phase electro-motive force (EMF), higher torque output capability and is suitable for the E-CVT systems. Finally, the pros and cons of the CADMP-FSPM machine are highlighted. This paper lays a theoretical foundation for further research on CADMP-FSPM machines used for HEVs.

This paper aims at providing a framework for comprehensive steady-state time-domain analysis of rotating machines considering motion. The steady-state waveforms of electromagnetic and circuit quantities are computed via iterative solution of the nonlinear field-circuit-and-motion problem with constraints of time periodicity. The cases with forced speed and forced load torque are considered. A comparison of execution times with a conventional time-stepping transient model is carried out for two different machines. The numerical stability of a time-periodic model with forced speed is shown to be worse than that of traditional transient time-stepping one, although the model converges within a reasonable number of iterations. This is not the case if forced load via equation of mechanical balance is accounted for. To ensure convergence of the iterative process the physical equation of motion is replaced by the fixed-point equation. In this way the model delivers time-periodic solutions regarding not only the electromagnetic quantities but also the rotational speed.

This paper presents the analysis and design of a two-pole dc brushless limited-angle torque-motor (LATM) with a toroidally wound armature using magnetic equivalent circuit modeling. A variety of design concepts is considered based on several defined criteria, and then, the most worthy alternative is chosen. To select the best design concept, an efficient decision-making tool called analytical hierarchy process is employed. A new segmented rotor pole tip structure of the LATM is introduced. The results obtained from finite-element simulation of the proposed machine conform well with the analysis. The selected design is prototyped, and the experimental results are presented.

This paper focuses on modeling and experimental validation of a diagnostic fault classification procedure for interturn fault detection in permanent-magnet (PM) multiphase machines designed for fault-tolerant electric drives. The diagnostic procedure is based on the symmetrical component theory and relies upon the combined space vector $\vec{D} $ that gathers information from the two original space vectors obtained with different reference frames. The diagnostic index effectiveness and robustness were also investigated against other fault types such as rotor eccentricities and magnet damage to assess its discrimination capability. The proposed procedure was experimentally evaluated for the interturn fault case on a five-phase PM machine. Experiments were carried out at different speed and load levels, with increasing numbers of short-circuited turns. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed diagnostic method.

International audience; The paper proposes an optimization approach to address the modeling and sizing complexities of Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctances Machines. A semi-analytical model and a reluctance network model are coupled to a deterministic optimization algorithm where several inputs and outputs parameters can be constrained to solve system equations iteratively by maximizing or minimizing an objective function. A Pareto Front strategy is used to illustrate the model capabilities, highlighting the trade-offs on the design of this kind of electrical machines. The optimization model provides fast results to define an initial design, reducing the number of unknown parameters of early development stages. This saves computation time and computer resources in the design process compared to Finite Element Analysis.

Surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines are nowadays used in a wide range of applications and power ratings, thanks to their high efficiency and ease of control. However, when used in high-speed applications, the need of some feature retaining the magnets increases the effective magnetic air gap, thus lowering the performance of the motor. This paper proposes a rather unconventional rotor structure based on the consequent pole arrangement. Different rotor topologies are discussed and compared.

Photovoltaic (PV) powered submersible electric water pumps are becoming popular in remote rural areas, due to the nonavailability of grid connectivity. However, the initial cost of a PV system is high. Permanent magnet (PM) brushless dc (BLDC) motors are efficient compared to existing induction motors, which reduce the cost of PV array. However, steep increase in the cost of rare-earth magnets like NdFeB and SmCo makes the use of PM motor uneconomical for PV systems. Thus, the design of PM motors with ferrite magnets is gaining interest. These magnets have low remanence flux density and are brittle. Thus, flux concentration rotor topologies are desirable. The conventional spoke-type (ST) rotor is one such topology. However, flux leakage is one of its prime concerns. To negotiate this, a novel “semi-modular dual-stack” ST BLDC motor along with its parametric aided three-dimensional finite element method analysis is proposed for a PV-based 100 mm deep bore-well submersible water pump. The motor features minimum flux leakage irrespective of rotor bridge width. In addition, a lumped parameter thermal network is modeled for quick estimation of the winding temperature rise. A prototype motor is fabricated to ascertain the results obtained from simulations, and the experimental results are presented.

The optimal integration of a high-frequency brushless electronic rotor supply (BERS) into the constraint space of a motor includes a variety of different challenges. This paper is devoted to the modelling of eddy current losses in wound rotor motors caused by a high frequency inductive transformer with a centric shaft opening. Due to a desirable high integration inside the motor as well as relatively high transfer frequencies, parasitic side effects are generated by flux distributions towards ferromagnetic machine parts. These parasitic flux paths further increase the effective input inductance as well as eddy current losses which in turn have to be considered during the design process. In the following publication, the losses and operational behavior will be modelled as a function of the different geometrical machine parameters. Thereafter, the generated model is validated by accompanying FEA simulations as well as an fixed experimental setup in the frequency domain. In conclusion, the frequency-dependent field distribution as well as the maximum efficiency of the experimental setup is illustrated.

Since the air-gap field of flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines is difficult to regulate as it is produced by the stator-magnets alone, a type of hybrid-excited flux-switching (HEFS) machine is obtained by reducing the magnet length of an original FSPM machine and introducing a set of field windings into the saved space. In this paper, the steady-state characteristics, especially for the loaded performances of four prototyped HEFS machines, namely, PM-top, PM-middle-1, PM-middle-2, and PM-bottom, are comprehensively compared and evaluated based on both 2D and 3D finite element analysis. Also, the influences of PM materials including ferrite and NdFeB, respectively, on the characteristics of HEFS machines are covered. Particularly, the impacts of magnet movement in the corresponding slot on flux-regulating performances are studied in depth. The best overall performances employing NdFeB can be obtained when magnets are located near the air-gap. The FEA predictions are validated by experimental measurements on corresponding machine prototypes.

This thesis addresses the modeling, design and optimization with experimental validation of the Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Machine (BDFRM) for wind power systems. The BDFRM is being considered as a viable alternative to the Doubly Fed Induction Machine (DFIG) in variable speed wind energy conversion systems. It keeps the cost advantages of the DFIG by allowing the use of a fractionally rated power converter and it has the advantage of reduced maintenance costs due to its brushless operation. A literature review shows that there is still a lack of researches to define a design procedure to make this machine widely used in general and in such application in particular. The main goal of this thesis is to contribute on mastering the BDFRM optimized design by proposing a methodological approach based on different modeling levels and on optimization. It discusses how optimization could be applied in all development stages with distinct objectives to be assessed. More precisely, it draws its attention on setting the optimization problem and on the iterative solution of a constrained inputs/outputs problem by using a deterministic algorithm coupled to analytical-based modeling levels. The activities performed during this thesis can be divided in five main topics. The first refers to the study of the BDFRM and its operating principles in the context of wind power. The second discusses the BDFRM electromagnetic modeling aspects using different approaches. Two optimization-oriented models have been developed: the Semi-Analytical Model (SAM) and the Multi-Static Reluctance Network model (MSRN). The implementation of the models focusing on deterministic optimization and their verification through simulations using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) are considered the third topic. It can be concluded from the simulation results that the SAM has a limited accuracy level and it is recommended to be used in early design stages, where the designer is most interested in fast computation times to test many design variation than in obtaining the results with the highest possible accuracy. The MSRN, on the contrary, presents remarkably precise results when compared to FEA, yielding a very interesting trade-off among accuracy and computation time. This thesis has also allowed to specify and realize a BDFRM prototype using an optimization approach, presented in the fourth part. Then, the experimental data obtained from the prototype has been confronted to the simulation results to validate the models, focusing on the investigation of the flux modulation process by the reluctance rotor, especially the mutual inductance among the windings. Although the results were in a sense satisfactory to validate the models, there have been differences that demanded further investigation. A discussion on the most likely hypothesis for that has been performed, indicating the significant role of the manufacturing process on machine performance. The fifth topic explores through a case study the use of the proposed BDFRM design procedure for wind power applications. As a general conclusion, it can be stated that the BDFRM is potentially a good candidate to be used in wind power systems. However, the technical and economic aspects on this choice must be still assessed, analyzing and comparing the overall system solution of distinct topologies within the same framework., Cette thèse traite de la modélisation, conception, optimisation ainsi que de la validation expérimentale d'une machine à reluctance variable à double alimentation (BDFRM-Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Machine) destinée aux éoliennes. La BDFRM est notamment considérée comme une alternative viable à la Machine Asynchrone à Double Alimentation (MASDA) dans les systèmes éoliens à vitesse variable. Elle maintient les avantages de coût de la MASDA tout en permettant l'utilisation d'un convertisseur de puissance réduit ainsi que la diminution des coûts d'entretien en raison de son fonctionnement sans balais. Une revue de la littérature fait apparaitre un manque de recherches concernant la définition de procédures de conception pour rendre cette machine plus populaire en général, et dans l'éolien en particulier. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de contribuer à la maîtrise du processus de conception optimale de la BDFRM en proposant une approche méthodologique basée sur différents niveaux de modélisation et sur l'optimisation. Elle examine comment l'optimisation pourrait être appliquée à toutes les étapes de développement avec des objectifs distincts à évaluer. Plus précisément, elle se focalise sur la définition du problème d'optimisation sous contraintes et sur sa solution itérative en utilisant un algorithme déterministe couplé à des modèles semi-analytiques de différents niveaux. Les activités effectuées au cours de cette thèse peuvent être divisées en cinq parties principales. La première se réfère à l'étude de la BDFRM et de son principe de fonctionnement dans le contexte de l'énergie éolienne. La seconde partie examine les aspects de modélisation électromagnétique de la BDFRM en utilisant différentes approches. Deux modèles orientés pour l'optimisation ont été développés: le Modèle Semi-Analytique (SAM-Semi Analytical Model ) et le modèle multistatique de réseau de reluctances (MSRN-Multi-Static Reluctance Network). La mise en œuvre des modèles axés sur l'optimisation déterministe et leurs vérifications par des simulations utilisant la méthode des éléments finis (MEF) constituent la troisième partie. Il est possible de conclure qu'à partir des résultats de simulation que le SAM a un niveau de précision limité et qu'il est alors recommandé de l'utiliser dans les étapes de prédimensionnement, où le concepteur est plus intéressé par l'acquisition de résultats avec des temps de calcul rapides que par l'obtention d'une plus grande précision. Le MSRN, au contraire, présente des résultats d'une précision remarquable par rapport à la MEF, ce qui donne un compromis très intéressant entre précision et temps de calcul. Cette thèse a permis aussi de spécifier et réaliser un prototype de BDFRM en utilisant une approche d'optimisation présenté en quatrième partie. Ensuite, les données expérimentales obtenues à partir du prototype ont été confrontées aux résultats de la simulation pour valider les modèles, mettant l'accent sur le processus de modulation de flux par le rotor à réluctance, en particulier l'inductance mutuelle entre les enroulements. Bien que les résultats soient dans un sens satisfaisant pour la validation des modèles, il y a des différences qui ont exigés un examen plus approfondie. Une discussion sur les hypothèses les plus probables a donc été effectuée, celle-ci a souligné le rôle important du processus de fabrication de la machine sur ses performances. La cinquième partie explore à travers une étude de cas l'utilisation de la procédure de conception de la BDFRM proposée dans cette thèse pour les éoliennes. En conclusion générale, on peut affirmer que la BDFRM est potentiellement une bonne candidate pour être utilisée dans les systèmes éoliens. Toutefois, les aspects techniques et économiques sur ce choix doivent être encore évalués, en analysant et en comparant la solution globale du système dans le même cadre de recherche avec d'autres solutions alternatives., Esta tese aborda a modelagem, o projeto e a otimização, com validaçãoexperimental, de máquinas de relutância duplamente alimentadas sem escovas (BDFRM)para sistemas de geração de energia eólica.A BDFRM é considerada como uma alternativa viável para o gerador de indução duplamentealimentado (DFIG) em sistemas de geração de energia eólica com variação develocidade. Ela mantém as vantagens de custo da solução com o DFIG, permitindo autilização de um conversor de frequência de potência nominal reduzida, e tem a vantagemadicional de custos de manutenção mais baixos devido a sua operação sem escovas. Umarevisão da literatura evidencia que ainda há uma necessidade de pesquisas na área parade_nir um procedimento de projeto desta máquina para torná-la amplamente utilizada emaplicações em geral e, em particular, para geração eólica.O objetivo principal desta tese é de contribuir para o domínio de técnicas de projetootimizado para a BDFRM através da proposição de uma metodologia baseada em diferentesníveis de modelagem e em otimização. Discute-se como técnicas de otimização podem seraplicadas em todas as fases de desenvolvimento com objetivos distintos. Especi_camente,a metodologia proposta se concentra na de_nição e na solução iterativa de problemas deotimização com restrições nas saídas utilizando um algoritmo determinístico acoplado amodelos semi-analíticos de diferentes níveis.As atividades realizadas durante esta tese podem ser divididas em cinco tópicos principais.O primeiro refere-se ao estudo da BDFRM e seu princípio de funcionamento no contextode geração de energia eólica. O segundo trata dos aspectos de modelagem eletromagnética da BDFRM utilizando diferentes abordagens. Dois modelos orientados à otimizaçãoforam desenvolvidos: o modelo semi-analítico (SAM) e o modelo multi-estático de redes derelutâncias (MSRN). A implementação dos modelos com foco na otimização e a veri_caçãodeles através de simulações com o método de elementos _nitos (FEA) são consideradas aterceira parte. Pode-se concluir, a partir dos resultados de simulação, que o SAM tem umaprecisão limitada e é recomendado para ser utilizado em estágios iniciais de projeto, emque o projetista está mais interessado em cálculos rápidos para testar diversas variações deprojeto do que na obtenção de resultados com a maior precisão possível. O MSRN, ao contrário, apresenta resultados precisos quando comparado aos obtidos com o FEA, resultandonum interessante custo-benefício entre precisão e tempo de cálculo. Nesta tese, fabricou-setambém um protótipo da BDFRM, o qual foi especi_cado utilizando-se otimização e osdetalhes sobre ele são introduzidos na quarta parte. Os dados experimentais obtidos com oprotótipo foram confrontados com os resultados de simulação para validação dos modelos,focando-se na investigação do processo de modulação de _uxo pelo rotor relutância, especialmentea indutância mútua entre os enrolamentos. Embora os resultados obtidos sejamsatisfatórios para validar os modelos, encontraram-se diferenças que exigiram uma investigação mais detalhada. As hipóteses mais prováveis foram investigadas e as conclusõesindicam o papel determinante do processo de fabricação no desempenho da máquina. Oquinto tópico explora através de um estudo de caso a utilização do procedimento de projetoproposto da BDFRM para aplicações de geração de energia eólica.Como conclusão geral, pode-se a_rmar que a BDFRM é potencialmente uma boa candidatapara ser utilizada em sistemas de geração de energia eólica. Contudo, aspectostécnicos e econômicos sobre essa escolha devem ainda ser avaliados, comparando-se asdiferentes topologias existentes sob o mesmo enfoque metodológico.

The price fluctuations of rare-earth (RE) metals and the uncertainty in their availability have generated an increased interest in ferrite magnet machines. The influence of temperature on the $B$ – $H$ characteristics of the ferrite magnet differs considerably from that of the RE magnet, and hence, requires a different approach when deciding their operating point. In this paper, the laboratory measured $B$ – $H$ curves of a ferrite magnet are used for estimating the possibility of demagnetization in a segmented axial torus (SAT) permanent magnet brushless dc (PMBLDC) motor. The $B$ – $H$ characteristics for different temperatures have been used to study the performance variation of the ferrite magnet SAT PMBLDC motor with temperature. A detailed analysis is carried out to ensure that the designed ferrite magnet motor is capable of delivering the specified torque throughout the operating speed, without any irreversible demagnetization of magnets. It has been shown that the ferrite magnet PMBLDC motor operation is influenced by the magnet temperature, and the maximum motor speed for a given load torque decreases as the magnet temperature drops.

International audience; In brushless excitation systems, the rotating diodes can experience open- or short-circuits. For a three-phase synchronous generator under no-load, we present theoretical development of effects of diode failures on machine output voltage. Thereby, we expect the spectral response faced with each fault condition, and we propose an original algorithm for state monitoring of rotating diodes. Moreover, given experimental observations of the spectral behavior of stray flux, we propose an alternative technique. Laboratory tests have proven the effectiveness of the proposed methods for detection of fault diodes, even when the generator has been fully loaded. However, their ability to distinguish between cases of diodes interrupted and short-circuited, has been limited to the no-load condition, and certain loads of specific natures.

The efficiency of permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machines with outer rotor and concentrated windings is investigated as a function of the mass of magnets used, keeping the power, volume, and mechanical air-gap thickness constant. In order to be useful for electric vehicle motors and wind turbine generators, the efficiency is computed in wide speed and torque ranges, including overload. For a given type and amount of magnets, the geometry of the machine and the efficiency map are computed by analytical models and finite-element models, taken into account the iron loss, copper loss, magnet loss, and pulsewidth-modulation loss. The models are validated by experiments. Furthermore, the demagnetization risk and torque ripple are studied as functions of the mass of magnets in the machine. The effect of the mass of magnets is investigated for several soft magnetic materials, for several combinations of number of poles and number of stator slots, and for both rare earth (NdFeB) magnets and ferrite magnets. It is observed that the amount of PM material can vary in a wide range with a minor influence on the efficiency, torque density, and torque ripple and with a limited demagnetization risk.

This paper shows a wound rotor doubly fed induction machine in which the typical brushes and slip-rings are substituted by rotary transformers. The advantages of rotary transformer usage, the doubly fed induction machine operation and the dimensioning of a radial rotary transformer are the main aspects presented in this study. The use of analytical equations is a very interesting resource for the development of industrial software for the calculation of this kind of device. Comparison between simulated and measured results shows the good approximation of the steady-state model with the reality of this equipment.

Two constant current models of Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motor (PM BLDC) are presented in the paper. In the first part of the paper principle of operation, basic properties and mathematical equations describing PM BLDC models are given. Then, two different constant current models of PM BLDC motor are considered: In the first model, PM BLDC motor is approximated with dc motor; in the second model, modified constant current model is applied with additional block, which is used to take into account the impact of inductance on torque-speed characteristics. In order to verify these models, torque-speed characteristics have been determined and compared for different motor supply voltages. After running a series of simulation and laboratory tests, we have found that this modified model (which makes allowance for the influence of inductance on torque-speed characteristics) ensures obtaining torque-speed characteristics identical to those of the real motor. Therefore, this model may be recommended for those simulation tests which do not consider effects occurring inside the electronic commutator-motor circuit. However, approximation of PM BLDC motor with dc motor is not recommended in computer tests.

The brushless DC motors with permanent magnets are used primarily in law power applications. There are no limits on weight and motor dimensions in considered motors with DC stator excitation. Brushless series connected machine with DC stator excitation do not have rotor coils. Field coil and armature coils are mounted in the stator. Armature windings are connected to DC voltage source trough power transistors commutator. Power transistors are controlled by reflective optical sensors in function of rotor position. In the report, the new principle design of the motor with DC stator excitation is considered. The new principle of design supposes individual excitation for each of the armature phase. Such approach gives an opportunity to design electrical machine with any number of armature phases spaced in phase from each other. In series connected DC machines, the field winding is connected in series with the armature winding. In general, the series connection leads to a torque-speed characteristic that is useful in transport and crane mechanisms where need high start torque. For realization series connected machine with DC stator excitation, the number of armature phase can be two, three, or more. Increasing number of phase leads to more complicated design of machine and gives some advantages in performance. The minimum two or three phase gives the simplest design power electronic controller and the sensors position circuit. Like DC universal motor, the machine with series connected DC stator excitation, in principle, can operate from either from AC or DC voltage sources. The universal mode operation is described in this paper when motor operate from one phase AC voltage source. The prototype of two phase motor with DC stator excitation was realized on the base of a car alternator. Results of tests prototype motor and modeling in steady state condition prove that the property of brushless machine with DC stator excitation similar to those series, shunt connected, and separate exited DC machines. Considered machine can find application in the electric drive cars and hybrid electrical vehicles. Copyright © 2012 SAE International.

This paper presents an initial state of the art about the most important techniques for reducing noise in an electrical machine. The FEM 3D modal analysis (realized with the software Ansys 11.0) is then proposed to study and reduce the acoustical power radiated by a brushless machine and avoid any resonance phenomena. The method is able to analyze the impact of some design parameters on all the resonance frequencies for reducing the total sound power and gives some guidelines to their choice.

Incremental encoder based BLDC drives are widely employed in industry whenever smooth and efficient operation is needed in the whole speed range. Their weak spot lies in the need for a phase of initial alignment. Such task is traditionally performed by forcing the motor through a series of fixed phase supply configurations, causing strong vibrations which can be intolerable for certain applications. In this paper a novel algorithm that allows determining the initial rotor position (sector) and aligning the encoder while minimizing vibrations and oscillations is presented.

Fast thrust changes are important for authoritive control of VTOL micro air vehicles. Fixed-pitch rotors that alter thrust by varying rotor speed require high-bandwidth control systems to provide adequate performace. We develop a feedback compensator for a brushless hobby motor driving a custom rotor suitable for UAVs. The system plant is identified using step excitation experiments. The aerodynamic operating conditions of these rotors are unusual and so experiments are performed to characterise expected load disturbances. The plant and load models lead to a proportional controller design capable of significantly decreasing rise-time and propagation of disturbances, subject to bus voltage constraints.

Designing transducers or motors, requires the analysis of a lot of parameters such as length, temperature, efficiency, weight, etc. The solution to obtain the optimum results for given specifications is to analyze globally all the free parameters in one go, with an optimization algorithm based on the "Prodesign" software, including its optimization module, developed by the INPG in Grenoble (France). A general module makes it possible then to get the optimum according to the constraints of the problem. In future, a module for each type of transducer or motor as well as a module for the driver is developed