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298 results on '"Lappi, T."'

251. Forward J/ψand Dmeson nuclear suppression at the LHC

Author

Ducloué, B., Lappi, T., and Mäntysaari, H.

Abstract

Using the color glass condensate formalism, we study the nuclear modification of forward J/ψand Dmeson production in high energy proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC. We show that relying on the optical Glauber model to obtain the dipole cross section of the nucleus from the one of the proton fitted to HERA DIS data leads to a smaller nuclear suppression than in the first study of these processes in this formalism and a better agreement with experimental data.

Published
2017
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280. Nuclear modification of forward J/ψproduction in proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC

Author

Ducloué, B., Lappi, T., and Mäntysaari, H.

Abstract

We re-evaluate the nuclear suppression of forward J/ψproduction at high energy in the Color Glass Condensate framework. We use the collinear approximation for the projectile proton probed at large xand an up to date dipole cross section fitted to HERA data to describe the target in proton-proton collisions. We show that using the Glauber approach to generalize the proton dipole cross section to the case of a nucleus target leads to a nuclear modification factor much closer to LHC data than previous estimates using the same framework.

Published
2016
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281. Incoherent diffractive J/Ψ production in high-energy nuclear deep-inelastic scattering.

Author

Lappi, T. and Mäntysaari, H.

Subjects
*LEPTONS (Nuclear physics), *INELASTIC scattering, *GLUONS, *PARTICLES (Nuclear physics), *QUASIPARTICLES
Abstract

We compute cross sections for incoherent diffractive J/Ψ production in lepton-nucleus deep-inelastic scattering (DIS). The cross section is proportional to A in the dilute limit and to A1/3 in the black disk limit, with a large nuclear suppression due to saturation effects. The t dependence of the cross section, if it can be measured accurately enough, is sensitive to the impact parameter profile of the gluons in the nucleus and their fluctuations, a quantity that determines the initial conditions of a relativistic heavy-ion collision. The nuclear suppression in incoherent diffraction shows how the transverse spatial distribution of the gluons in the nucleus gradually becomes smoother at high energy. Since the values of the momentum transfer ∣t∣ involved are relatively large, this process should be easier to measure in future nuclear DIS experiments than coherent diffraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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282. Quark pair production from classical fields in heavy ion collisions.

Author

Gelis, F., Kajantie, K., and Lappi, T.

Subjects
QUARKS, HEAVY ion collisions, NUMERICAL integration, DIRAC equation, FIELD theory (Physics)
Abstract

We compute by numerical integration of the Dirac equation the number of quark-antiquark pairs produced in the classical color fields of colliding ultrarelativistic nuclei. The back-reaction of the created pairs on the color fields is not taken into account. While the number of qq pairs is parametrically suppressed in the coupling constant, we find that in this classical field model it could even be compatible with the thermal ratio to the number of gluons. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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283. Next-to-leading order Balitsky-Kovchegov equation beyond large Nc.

Author

Lappi, T., Mäntysaari, H., and Ramnath, A.

Subjects
*EQUATIONS, *GAUSSIAN function, *CORRELATORS
Abstract

We calculate finite-Nc corrections to the next-to-leading order (NLO) Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation. We find analytical expressions for the necessary correlators of six Wilson lines in terms of the two-point function using the Gaussian approximation. In a suitable basis, the problem reduces from the diagonalization of a six-by-six matrix to the diagonalization of a three-by-three matrix, which can easily be done analytically. We study numerically the effects of these finite-Nc corrections on the NLO BK equation. In general, we find that the finite-Nc corrections are smaller than the expected 1/N²c∼10%. The corrections may be large for individual correlators, but have less of an influence on the shape of the amplitude as a function of the dipole size. They have an even smaller effect on the evolution speed as a function of rapidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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284. A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN

Author

Fernandez, J. L. Abelleira, Adolphsen, C., Adzic, P., Akay, A. N., Aksakal, H., Albacete, J. L., Allanach, B., Alekhin, S., Allport, P., Andreev, V., Appleby, R. B., Arikan, E., Armesto, N., Azuelos, G., Bai, M., Barber, D., Bartels, J., Behnke, O., Behr, J., Belyaev, A. S., Ben-Zvi, I., Bernard, N., Bertolucci, S., Bettoni, S., Biswal, S., Blümlein, J., Böttcher, H., Bogacz, A., Bracco, C., Bracinik, J., Brandt, G., Braun, H., Brodsky, S., Brüning, O., Bulyak, E., Buniatyan, A., Burkhardt, H., Cakir, I. T., Cakir, O., Calaga, R., Caldwell, A., Cetinkaya, V., Chekelian, V., Ciapala, E., Ciftci, R., Ciftci, A. K., Cole, B. A., Collins, J. C., Dadoun, O., Dainton, J., Roeck, A. De., d'Enterria, D., DiNezza, P., D'Onofrio, M., Dudarev, A., Eide, A., Enberg, R., Eroglu, E., Eskola, K. J., Favart, L., Fitterer, M., Forte, S., Gaddi, A., Gambino, P., Morales, H. García, Gehrmann, T., Gladkikh, P., Glasman, C., Glazov, A., Godbole, R., Goddard, B., Greenshaw, T., Guffanti, A., Guzey, V., Gwenlan, C., Han, T., Hao, Y., Haug, F., Herr, W., Hervé, A., Holzer, B. J., Ishitsuka, M., Jacquet, M., Jeanneret, B., Jensen, E., Jimenez, J. M., Jowett, J. M., Jung, H., Karadeniz, H., Kayran, D., Kilic, A., Kimura, K., Klees, R., Klein, M., Klein, U., Kluge, T., Kocak, F., Korostelev, M., Kosmicki, A., Kostka, P., Kowalski, H., Kraemer, M., Kramer, G., Kuchler, D., Kuze, M., Lappi, T., Laycock, P., Levichev, E., Levonian, S., Litvinenko, V. N., Lombardi, A., Maeda, J., Marquet, C., Mellado, B., Mess, K. H., Milanese, A., Milhano, J. G., Moch, S., Morozov, I. I., Muttoni, Y., Myers, S., Nandi, S., Nergiz, Z., Newman, P. R., Omori, T., Osborne, J., Paoloni, E., Papaphilippou, Y., Pascaud, C., Paukkunen, H., Perez, E., Pieloni, T., Pilicer, E., Pire, B., Placakyte, R., Polini, A., Ptitsyn, V., Pupkov, Y., Radescu, V., Raychaudhuri, S., Rinolfi, L., Rizvi, E., Rohini, R., Rojo, J., Russenschuck, S., Sahin, M., Salgado, C. A., Sampei, K., Sassot, R., Sauvan, E., Schaefer, M., Schneekloth, U., Schörner-Sadenius, T., Schulte, D., Senol, A., Seryi, A., Sievers, P., Skrinsky, A. N., Smith, W., South, D., Spiesberger, H., Stasto, A. M., Strikman, M., Sullivan, M., Sultansoy, S., Sun, Y. P., Surrow, B., Szymanowski, L., Taels, P., Tapan, I., Tasci, T., Tassi, E., Kate, H. Ten., Terron, J., Thiesen, H., Thompson, L., Thompson, P., Tokushuku, K., García, R. Tomás, Tommasini, D., Trbojevic, D., Tsoupas, N., Tuckmantel, J., Turkoz, S., Trinh, T. N., Tywoniuk, K., Unel, G., Ullrich, T., Urakawa, J., VanMechelen, P., Variola, A., Veness, R., Vivoli, A., Vobly, P., Wagner, J., Wallny, R., Wallon, S., Watt, G., Weiss, C., Wiedemann, U. A., Wienands, U., Willeke, F., Xiao, B. -W., Yakimenko, V., Zarnecki, A. F., Zhang, Z., Zimmermann, F., Zlebcik, R., Zomer, F., Pire, Bernard, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institute for High Energy Physics [Protvino] (IHEP), National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute' (NRC KI), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Laboratoire Hippolyte Fizeau (FIZEAU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Uppsala University, Edinburgh University, Institut für Theoretische Teilchenphysik und Kosmologie (TTK), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), KEK (High energy accelerator research organization), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University, Physics Department, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, National Center for Nuclear Research [Warsaw] (NCBJ), National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Edinburgh, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], Particle Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This document provides a brief overview of the recently published report on the design of the Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC), which comprises its physics programme, accelerator physics, technology and main detector concepts. The LHeC exploits and develops challenging, though principally existing, accelerator and detector technologies. This summary is complemented by brief illustrations of some of the highlights of the physics programme, which relies on a vastly extended kinematic range, luminosity and unprecedented precision in deep inelastic scattering. Illustrations are provided regarding high precision QCD, new physics (Higgs, SUSY) and electron-ion physics. The LHeC is designed to run synchronously with the LHC in the twenties and to achieve an integrated luminosity of O(100) fb$^{-1}$. It will become the cleanest high resolution microscope of mankind and will substantially extend as well as complement the investigation of the physics of the TeV energy scale, which has been enabled by the LHC. This document provides a brief overview of the recently published report on the design of the Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC), which comprises its physics programme, accelerator physics, technology and main detector concepts. The LHeC exploits and develops challenging, though principally existing, accelerator and detector technologies. This summary is complemented by brief illustrations of some of the highlights of the physics programme, which relies on a vastly extended kinematic range, luminosity and unprecedented precision in deep inelastic scattering. Illustrations are provided regarding high precision QCD, new physics (Higgs, SUSY) and electron-ion physics. The LHeC is designed to run synchronously with the LHC in the twenties and to achieve an integrated luminosity of O(100) fb$^{-1}$. It will become the cleanest high resolution microscope of mankind and will substantially extend as well as complement the investigation of the physics of the TeV energy scale, which has been enabled by the LHC.

285. Models for exclusive vector meson production in heavy-ion collisions

Author

Lappi, T. and Heikki Mäntysaari

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We discuss coherent and incoherent photoproduction of $J/\Psi$ vector mesons in high energy heavy ion collisions. In a dipole picture for the photon both can be naturally related to the dipole cross section that is also probed in inclusive DIS. We compare results of a particular calculation to ALICE data., Comment: Presented at EDS Blois 2013 (arXiv:1309.5705)

286. A large Hadron electron collider at CERN

Author

Fernandez, J. L. Abelleira, Adolphsen, C., Akay, A. N., Aksakal, H., Albacete, J. L., Alekhin, S., Allport, P., Andreev, V., Appleby, R. B., Arıkan, E., Armesto, N., Yakimenko, V., Zarnecki, A. F., Zhang, Z., Zimmermann, F., Zlebcik, R., Zomer, F., Bernard, N., Bertolucci, S., Bettoni, S., Biswal, S., Mess, K. H., Bluemlein, J., Boettcher, H., Bogacz, A., Bracco, C., Brandt, G., Braun, H., Brodsky, S., Bruening, O., Bulyak, E., Buniatyan, A., Milanese, A., Burkhardt, H., Çakır, I. T., Çakır, O., Calaga, R., Çetinkaya, V., Ciapala, E., Çiftçi, R., Çiftçi, A. K., Cole, B. A., Collins, J. C., Moch, S., Dadoun, O., Dainton, J., Roeck, A., D Enterria, D., Dudarev, A., Eide, A., Enberg, R., Eskola, K. J., Favart, L., Fitterer, M., Morozov, I. I., Forte, S., Gaddi, A., Gambino, P., Morales, H. Garcia, Gehrmann, T., Gladkikh, P., Glasman, C., Godbole, R., Goddard, B., Timothy Greenshaw, Muttoni, Y., Guffanti, A., Guzey, V., Gwenlan, C., Han, T., Hao, Y., Haug, F., Herr, W., Herve, A., Holzer, B. J., Ishitsuka, M., Myers, S., Jacquet, M., Jeanneret, B., Jimenez, J. M., Jowett, J. M., Jung, H., Karadeniz, H., Kayran, D., Kimura, K., Klein, M., Klein, U., Nandi, S., Kluge, T., Korostelev, M., Kosmicki, A., Kostka, P., Kowalski, H., Kramer, G., Kuchler, D., Kuze, M., Lappi, T., Laycock, P., Nergiz, Z., Levichev, E., Levonian, S., Litvinenko, V. N., Lombardi, A., Maeda, J., Marquet, C., Mellado, B., Newman, P. R., Omori, T., Azuelos, G., Osborne, J., Paoloni, E., Papaphilippou, Y., Pascaud, C., Paukkunen, H., Perez, E., Pieloni, T., Pire, B., Placakyte, R., Polini, A., Bai, M., Ptitsyn, V., Pupkov, Y., Radescu, V., Raychaudhuri, S., Rinolfi, L., Rohini, R., Rojo, J., Russenschuck, S., Şahin, M., Salgado, C. A., Barber, D., Sampei, K., Sassot, R., Sauvan, E., Schneekloth, U., Schoerner-Sadenius, T., Schulte, D., Şenol, A., Seryi, A., Sievers, P., Skrinsky, A. N., Bartels, J., Smith, W., Spiesberger, H., Stasto, A. M., Strikman, M., Sullivan, M., Sultansoy, S., Sun, Y. P., Surrow, B., Szymanowski, L., Taels, P., Behnke, O., Taşçı, T., Tassi, E., Ten Kate, H., Terron, J., Thiesen, H., Thompson, L., Tokushuku, K., Garcia, R. Tomas, Tommasini, D., Trbojevic, D., Behr, J., Tsoupas, N., Tuckmantel, J., Türköz, S., Trinh, T. N., Tywoniuk, K., Ünel, G., Urakawa, J., Vanmechelen, P., Variola, A., Veness, R., Belyaev, A. S., Vivoli, A., Vobly, P., Wagner, J., Wallny, R., Wallon, S., Watt, G., Weiss, C., Wiedemann, U. A., Wienands, U., Willeke, F., Ben-Zvi, I., Xiao, B. W., Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü., Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi/Fizik Bölümü., Eroğlu, Ezgi, Kılıç, Adnan, Koçak, Fatma, Piliçer, Ercan, Tapan, İlhan, AAE-3350-2022, and AAH-8769-2021

Subjects
Top-quark production, Gluons, Pomerons, Vector Mesons, Physics, Deep-inelastic scattering, Hard exclusive electroproduction, Physics, particles & fields, Color glass condensate, Transverse energy-flow, Physics, nuclear, Monte-carlo generator, Generalized parton distributions, Silicon-tungsten calorimeter, Forward-jet production, Deuteron structure functions
Abstract

UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

287. The Large Hadron-Electron Collider at the HL-LHC

Author

Agostini, P., Aksakal, H., Alan, H., Alekhin, S., Allport, P. P., Andari, N., Andre, K. D. J., Angal-Kalinin, D., Antusch, S., Aperio Bella, L., Apolinario, L., Apsimon, R., Apyan, A., Arduini, G., Ari, V., Armbruster, A., Armesto, N., Auchmann, B., Aulenbacher, K., Azuelos, G., Backovic, S., Bailey, I., Bailey, S., Balli, F., Behera, S., Behnke, O., Ben-Zvi, I., Benedikt, M., Bernauer, J., Bertolucci, S., Biswal, S. S., Blümlein, Johannes, Bogacz, A., Bonvini, M., Boonekamp, M., Bordry, F., Boroun, G. R., Bottura, L., Bousson, S., Bouzas, A. O., Bracco, C., Bracinik, J., Britzger, D., Brodsky, S. J., Bruni, C., Brüning, O., Burkhardt, H., Cakir, O., Calaga, R., Caldwell, A., Calıskan, A., Camarda, S., Catalan-Lasheras, N. C., Cassou, K., Cepila, J., Cetinkaya, V., Chetvertkova, V., Cole, B., Coleppa, B., Cooper-Sarkar, A., Cormier, E., Cornell, A. S., Corsini, R., Cruz-Alaniz, E., Currie, J., Curtin, D., D'Onofrio, M., Dainton, J., Daly, E., Das, A., Das, S. P., Dassa, L., De Blas, J., Delle Rose, L., Denizli, H., Deshpande, K. S., Douglas, D., Duarte, L., Dupraz, K., Dutta, S., Efremov, A. V., Eichhorn, R., Eskola, K. J., Ferreiro, E. G., Fischer, O., Flores-Sánchez, O., Forte, S., Gaddi, A., Gao, J., Gehrmann, T., Gehrmann-De Ridder, A., Gerigk, F., Gilbert, A., Giuli, F., Glazov, Alexander, Glover, N., Godbole, R. M., Goddard, B., Gonçalves, V., Gonzalez-Sprinberg, G. A., Goyal, A., Grames, J., Granados, E., Grassellino, A., Gunaydin, Y. O., Guo, Y. C., Guzey, V., Gwenlan, C., Hammad, A., Han, C. C., Harland-Lang, L., Haug, F., Hautmann, F., Hayden, D., Hessler, J., Helenius, I., Henry, J., Hernandez-Sanchez, J., Hesari, H., Hobbs, T. J., Hod, N., Hoffstaetter, G. H., Holzer, B., Honorato, C. G., Hounsell, B., Hu, N., Hug, F., Huss, A., Hutton, A., Islam, R., Iwamoto, S., Jana, S., Jansova, M., Jensen, E., Jones, T., Jowett, J. M., Kaabi, W., Kado, M., Kalinin, D. A., Karadeniz, H., Kawaguchi, S., Kaya, U., Khalek, R. A., Khanpour, H., Kilic, A., Klein, M., Klein, U., Kluth, S., Köksal, M., Kocak, F., Korostelev, M., Kostka, P., Krelina, M., Kretzschmar, J., Kuday, S., Kulipanov, G., Kumar, M., Kuze, M., Lappi, T., Larios, F., Latina, A., Laycock, P., Lei, G., Levitchev, E., Levonian, Serguei V., Levy, A., Li, R., Li, X., Liang, H., Litvinenko, V., Liu, M., Liu, T., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liuti, S., Lobodzinska, Ewelina, Longuevergne, D., Luo, X., Ma, W., Machado, M., Mandal, S., Mäntysaari, H., Marhauser, F., Marquet, C., Martens, A., Martin, R., Marzani, S., McFayden, J., Mcintosh, P., Mellado, B., Meot, F., Milanese, A., Milhano, J. G., Militsyn, B., Mitra, M., Moch, S., Mohammadi Najafabadi, M., Mondal, S., Moretti, S., Morgan, T., Morreale, A., Nadolsky, P., Navarra, F., Nergiz, Z., Newman, P., Niehues, J., Nissen, E. A., Nowakowski, M., Okada, N., Olivier, G., Olness, F., Olry, G., Osborne, J. A., Ozansoy, A., Pan, R., Parker, B., Patra, M., Paukkunen, H., Peinaud, Y., Pellegrini, D., Perez-Segurana, G., Perini, D., Perrot, L., Pietralla, N., Pilicer, E., Pire, B., Pires, J., Placakyte, R., Poelker, M., Polifka, R., Polini, A., Poulose, P., Pownall, G., Pupkov, Y. A., Queiroz, F. S., Rabbertz, K., Radescu, V., Rahaman, R., Rai, S. K., Raicevic, N., Ratoff, P., Rashed, A., Raut, D., Raychaudhuri, S., Repond, J., Rezaeian, A. H., Rimmer, R., Rinolfi, L., Rojo, J., Rosado, A., Ruan, X., Russenschuck, S., Sahin, M., Salgado, C. A., Sampayo, O. A., Satendra, K., Satyanarayan, N., Schenke, B., Schirm, K., Schopper, H., Schott, M., Schulte, D., Schwanenberger, C., Sekine, T., Senol, A., Seryi, A., Setiniyaz, S., Shang, L., Shen, X., Shipman, N., Sinha, N., Slominski, W., Smith, S., Solans, C., Song, M., Spiesberger, H., Stanyard, J., Starostenko, A., Stasto, A., Stocchi, A., Strikman, M., Stuart, M. J., Sultansoy, S., Sun, H., Sutton, M., Szymanowski, L., Tapan, I., Tapia-Takaki, D., Tanaka, M., Tang, Y., Tasci, A. T., Ten-Kate, A. T., Thonet, P., Tomas-Garcia, R., Tommasini, D., Trbojevic, D., Trott, M., Tsurin, I., Tudora, A., Turk Cakir, I., Tywoniuk, K., Vallerand, C., Valloni, A., Verney, D., Vilella, E., Walker, D., Wallon, S., Wang, B., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Z. S., Wei, H., Welsch, C., Willering, G., Williams, P. H., Wollmann, D., Xiaohao, C., Xu, T., Yaguna, C. E., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, H., Yilmaz, A., Yock, P., Yue, C. X., Zadeh, S. G., Zenaiev, O., Zhang, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, R., Zhang, Z., Zhu, G., Zhu, S., Zimmermann, F., Zomer, F., Zurita, J., and Zurita, P.

Subjects
energy recovery, lepton nucleus: scattering, parton: distribution function, nucleus: structure function, ion: beam, 7. Clean energy, electron p: scattering, electron: linear accelerator, electron hadron: scattering, deep inelastic scattering, CERN LHC Coll: upgrade, quantum chromodynamics, FCC, structure, electron: beam, Nuclear Experiment, detector: design, lattice, electroweak interaction, new physics, superconductivity, resolution, sensitivity, calibration, buildings, magnet, electron p: colliding beams, electron nucleus: colliding beams, 13. Climate action, kinematics, final state: hadronic, LHeC, p: distribution function, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, vertex: primary, parton: density, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, current: high, acceptance
Abstract

The Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High Luminosity--Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron-proton and proton-proton operation. This report represents an update of the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) of the LHeC, published in 2012. It comprises new results on parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics in extending the accessible kinematic range in lepton-nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to enhanced luminosity, large energy and the cleanliness of the hadronic final states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, the report represents a detailed updated design of the energy recovery electron linac (ERL) including new lattice, magnet, superconducting radio frequency technology and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described and the lower energy, high current, 3-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution and calibration goals which arise from the Higgs and parton density function physics programmes. The paper also presents novel results on the Future Circular Collider in electron-hadron mode, FCC-eh, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies.

288. The Large Hadron-Electron Collider at the HL-LHC

Author

Agostini, P., Aksakal, H., Alekhin, S., Allport, P. P., Andari, N., Andre, K. D. J., Angal-Kalinin, D., Antusch, S., Aperio Bella, L., Apolinario, L., Apsimon, R., Apyan, A., Arduini, G., Ari, V., Armbruster, A., Armesto, N., Auchmann, B., Aulenbacher, K., Azuelos, G., Backovic, S., Bailey, I., Bailey, S., Balli, F., Behera, S., Behnke, Olaf, Ben-Zvi, I., Benedikt, M., Bernauer, J., Bertolucci, S., Biswal, S. S., Bl��mlein, J., Bogacz, A., Bonvini, M., Boonekamp, M., Bordry, F., Boroun, G. R., Bottura, L., Bousson, S., Bouzas, A. O., Bracco, C., Bracinik, J., Britzger, D., Brodsky, S. J., Bruni, C., Br��ning, O., Burkhardt, H., Cakir, O., Calaga, R., Caldwell, A., Cal��skan, A., Camarda, S., Catalan-Lasheras, N. C., Cassou, K., Cepila, J., Cetinkaya, V., Chetvertkova, V., Cole, B., Coleppa, B., Cooper-Sarkar, A., Cormier, E., Cornell, A. S., Corsini, R., Cruz-Alaniz, E., Currie, J., Curtin, D., D'Onofrio, M., Dainton, J., Daly, E., Das, A., Das, S. P., Dassa, L., de Blas, J., Delle Rose, L., Denizli, H., Deshpande, K. S., Douglas, D., Duarte, L., Dupraz, K., Dutta, S., Efremov, A. V., Eichhorn, R., Eskola, K. J., Ferreiro, E. G., Fischer, O., Flores-S��nchez, O., Forte, S., Gaddi, A., Gao, J., Gehrmann, T., Gehrmann-De Ridder, A., Gerigk, F., Gilbert, A., Giuli, F., Glazov, A., Glover, N., Godbole, R. M., Goddard, B., Gon��alves, V., Gonzalez-Sprinberg, G. A., Goyal, A., Grames, J., Granados, E., Grassellino, A., Gunaydin, Y. O., Guo, Y. C., Guzey, V., Gwenlan, C., Hammad, A., Han, C. C., Harland-Lang, L., Haug, F., Hautmann, Francesco, Hayden, D., Hessler, J., Helenius, I., Henry, J., Hernandez-Sanchez, J., Hesari, H., Hobbs, T. J., Hod, N., Hoffstaetter, G. H., Holzer, B., Honorato, C. G., Hounsell, B., Hu, N., Hug, F., Huss, A., Hutton, A., Islam, R., Iwamoto, S., Jana, S., Jansova, M., Jensen, E., Jones, T., Jowett, J. M., Kaabi, W., Kado, M., Kalinin, D. A., Karadeniz, H., Kawaguchi, S., Kaya, U., Khalek, R. A., Khanpour, H., Kilic, A., Klein, M., Klein, U., Kluth, S., K��ksal, M., Kocak, F., Korostelev, M., Kostka, P., Krelina, M., Kretzschmar, J., Kuday, S., Kulipanov, G., Kumar, M., Kuze, M., Lappi, T., Larios, F., Latina, A., Laycock, P., Lei, G., Levitchev, E., Levonian, S., Levy, Aharon, Li, R., Li, X., Liang, H., Litvinenko, V., Liu, M., Liu, T., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liuti, S., Lobodzinska, E., Longuevergne, D., Luo, X., Ma, W., Machado, M., Mandal, S., M��ntysaari, H., Marhauser, F., Marquet, C., Martens, A., Martin, R., Marzani, S., McFayden, J., Mcintosh, P., Mellado, B., Meot, F., Milanese, A., Milhano, J. G., Militsyn, B., Mitra, M., Moch, S., Mohammadi Najafabadi, M., Mondal, S., Moretti, S., Morgan, T., Morreale, A., Nadolsky, P., Navarra, F., Nergiz, Z., Newman, P., Niehues, J., Nissen, E. A., Nowakowski, M., Okada, N., Olivier, G., Olness, F., Olry, G., Osborne, J. A., Ozansoy, A., Pan, R., Parker, B., Patra, M., Paukkunen, H., Peinaud, Y., Pellegrini, D., Perez-Segurana, G., Perini, D., Perrot, L., Pietralla, N., Pilicer, E., Pire, B., Pires, J., Placakyte, R., Poelker, M., Polifka, R., Polini, A., Poulose, P., Pownall, G., Pupkov, Y. A., Queiroz, F. S., Rabbertz, K., Radescu, V., Rahaman, R., Rai, S. K., Raicevic, N., Ratoff, P., Rashed, A., Raut, D., Raychaudhuri, S., Repond, J., Rezaeian, A. H., Rimmer, R., Rinolfi, L., Rojo, J., Rosado, A., Ruan, X., Russenschuck, S., Sahin, M., Salgado, C. A., Sampayo, O. A., Satendra, K., Satyanarayan, N., Schenke, B., Schirm, K., Schopper, H., Schott, M., Schulte, D., Schwanenberger, C., Sekine, T., Senol, A., Seryi, A., Setiniyaz, S., Shang, L., Shen, X., Shipman, N., Sinha, N., Slominski, W., Smith, S., Solans, C., Song, M., Spiesberger, H., Stanyard, J., Starostenko, A., Stasto, A., Stocchi, A., Strikman, M., Stuart, M. J., Sultansoy, S., Sun, H., Sutton, M., Szymanowski, L., Tapan, I., Tapia-Takaki, D., Tanaka, M., Tang, Y., Tasci, A. T., Ten-Kate, A. T., Thonet, P., Tomas-Garcia, R., Tommasini, D., Trbojevic, D., Trott, M., Tsurin, I., Tudora, A., Turk Cakir, I., Tywoniuk, K., Vallerand, C., Valloni, A., Verney, D., Vilella, E., Walker, D., Wallon, S., Wang, B., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Z. S., Wei, H., Welsch, C., Willering, G., Williams, P. H., Wollmann, D., Xiaohao, C., Xu, T., Yaguna, C. E., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, H., Yilmaz, A., Yock, P., Yue, C. X., Zadeh, S. G., Zenaiev, O., Zhang, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, R., Zhang, Z., Zhu, G., Zhu, S., Zimmermann, F., Zomer, F., Zurita, J., and Zurita, P.

Subjects
energy recovery, lepton nucleus: scattering, parton: distribution function, nucleus: structure function, ion: beam, 7. Clean energy, electron p: scattering, electron: linear accelerator, electron hadron: scattering, deep inelastic scattering, CERN LHC Coll: upgrade, quantum chromodynamics, FCC, structure, electron: beam, detector: design, lattice, electroweak interaction, new physics, superconductivity, resolution, sensitivity, calibration, buildings, magnet, electron p: colliding beams, electron nucleus: colliding beams, 13. Climate action, kinematics, final state: hadronic, LHeC, p: distribution function, vertex: primary, parton: density, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, current: high, acceptance
Abstract

Journal of physics / G 48(11), 110501 (2021). doi:10.1088/1361-6471/abf3ba, The Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High Luminosity--Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron-proton and proton-proton operation. This report represents an update of the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) of the LHeC, published in 2012. It comprises new results on parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics in extending the accessible kinematic range in lepton-nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to enhanced luminosity, large energy and the cleanliness of the hadronic final states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, the report represents a detailed updated design of the energy recovery electron linac (ERL) including new lattice, magnet, superconducting radio frequency technology and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described and the lower energy, high current, 3-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution and calibration goals which arise from the Higgs and parton density function physics programmes. The paper also presents novel results on the Future Circular Collider in electron-hadron mode, FCC-eh, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies., Published by IOP Publ., Bristol

289. Gluons and the quark sea at high energies: Distributions, polarization, tomography

Author

Boer, Daniel, Diehl, Markus, Milner, Richard, Venugopalan, Raju, Vogelsang, Werner, Kaplan, David, Montgomery, Hugh, Vigdor, Steven, Accardi, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Burkardt, M., Ent, R., Guzey, V., Hasch, D., Kumar, K., Lamont, M. A. C., Li, Ying-Chuan, Marciano, W., Marquet, C., Sabatie, F., Stratmann, M., Yuan, F., Sassot, R., Zurita, P., Cherednikov, I. O., Goncalves, V. P., Sandapen, R., Kopeliovich, B. Z., Gao, J. -H, Liang, Z. -T, Passek-Kumericki, K., Kumericki, K., Lappi, T., Wallon, S., Pire, B., Geraud, R., Moutarde, H., Gelis, F., Soyez, G., Meskauskas, M., Mueller, Dieter, Stefanis, N. G., Gallmeister, K., Mosel, U., Diehl, M., Bartels, J., Pirner, H. J., Hagler, P., Jager, B., Spiesberger, H., Lautenschlager, T., Schafer, A., Ringer, F., Vogelsang, W., Kroll, P., Alekhin, S., Blumlein, J., Moch, S. -O, Pisano, C., Rojo, J., Bacchetta, A., Pasquini, B., Radici, M., Ciofi Degli Atti, C., Mezzetti, C. B., Kaptari, L. P., Anselmino, M., Tanaka, K., Koike, Y., Kumano, S., Motyka, L., Golec-Biernat, K., Stasto, A. M., Szymanowski, L., Radyushkin, A., Kondratenko, A., Horowitz, W. A., Schnell, G., Chevtsov, P., Mulders, P. J., Rogers, T. C., Boer, D., Forshaw, J. R., Cooper-Sarkar, A., Chirilli, G. A., Muller, D., Wang, X. -N, Qian, X., Brodsky, S. J., Schweitzer, P., Horn, T., Tuchin, K., Dupre, R., Erdelyi, B., Manikonda, S., Ostrumov, P. N., Abeyratne, S., Vossen, A., Riordan, S., Tsentalovich, E., Goldstein, G. R., Pozdeyev, E., Huang, M., Aidala, C., Dumitru, A., Dominguez, F., Ben-Zvi, I., Deshpande, A., Faroughy, C., Hammons, L., Hao, Y., Johnson, E. C., Litvinenko, V. N., Taneja, S., Tsoupas, N., Webb, S., Beebe-Wang, J., Belomestnykh, S., Blaskiewicz, M. M., Calaga, R., Chang, X., Fedotov, A., Gassner, D., Hahn, H., He, P., Jackson, W., Jain, A., Kayran, D., Kewisch, J., Luo, Y., Mahler, G., Mcintyre, G., Meng, W., Minty, M., Parker, B., Pikin, A., Ptitsyn, V., Rao, T., Roser, T., Sheehy, B., Skaritka, J., Tepikian, S., Than, Y., Trbojevic, D., Tuozzolo, J., Wang, G., Wu, Q., Xu, W., Zelenski, A., Beuf, G., Burton, T., Debbe, R., Salvatore Fazio, Marciano, W. J., Qiu, J. -W, Toll, T., Ullrich, T., Kang, Z. -B, Kovchegov, Y. V., Majumder, A., Metz, A., Zhou, J., Gamberg, L., Strikman, M., Xiao, B. -W, Guzzi, M., Nadolsky, P., Olness, F., Bc, H., Liuti, S., Ahmed, S., Bogacz, A., Derbenev, Ya, Hutton, A., Krafft, G., Li, R., Marhauser, F., Morozov, V., Pilat, F., Rimmer, R., Satogata, T., Sullivan, M., Spata, M., Terzic, B., Wang, H., Yunn, B., Zhang, Y., Avakian, H., Musch, B., Nadel-Turonski, P., Prokudin, A., Weiss, C., Sayed, H., Gilfoyle, G. P., Cloet, I. C., Miller, G., Gonderinger, M., Pire, Bernard, Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Soltan Institue for Nuclear Studies, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and High-Energy Frontier

Subjects
Quark, [PHYS.NUCL] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Particle physics, nucl-th, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Nuclear Theory, [PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], nucl-ex, 01 natural sciences, Color-glass condensate, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, QCD matter, Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electroweak interaction, hep-ph, Gluon, [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Strange matter, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Nuclear Physics - Theory, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract

This report is based on a ten-week program on "Gluons and the quark sea at high-energies", which took place at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Seattle in Fall 2010. The principal aim of the program was to develop and sharpen the science case for an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a facility that will be able to collide electrons and positrons with polarized protons and with light to heavy nuclei at high energies, offering unprecedented possibilities for in-depth studies of quantum chromodynamics. This report is organized around four major themes: i) the spin and flavor structure of the proton, ii) three-dimensional structure of nucleons and nuclei in momentum and configuration space, iii) QCD matter in nuclei, and iv) Electroweak physics and the search for physics beyond the Standard Model. Beginning with an executive summary, the report contains tables of key measurements, chapter overviews for each of the major scientific themes, and detailed individual contributions on various aspects of the scientific opportunities presented by an EIC., Comment: 547 pages, A report on the joint BNL/INT/Jlab program on the science case for an Electron-Ion Collider, September 13 to November 19, 2010, Institute for Nuclear Theory, Seattle; v2 with minor changes, matches printed version

290. Limiting attractors in heavy-ion collisions.

Author

Boguslavski, K., Kurkela, A., Lappi, T., Lindenbauer, F., and Peuron, J.

Subjects
*QUANTUM chromodynamics, *QUARKS, *EXTRAPOLATION, *JETS (Nuclear physics)
Abstract

We study universal features of the hydrodynamization process in heavy-ion collisions using QCD kinetic theory simulations for a wide range of couplings. We introduce the new concept of limiting attractors, which are obtained by extrapolation to vanishing and strong couplings. While the hydrodynamic limiting attractor emerges at strong couplings and is governed by the viscosity-related relaxation time scale τ R , we identify a bottom-up limiting attractor at weak couplings. It corresponds to the late stages of the perturbative bottom-up thermalization scenario and exhibits isotropization on the time scale τ BMSS = α s − 13 / 5 / Q s. In contrast to hydrodynamic limiting attractors, at finite couplings the bottom-up limiting attractor provides a good universal description of the pre-hydrodynamic evolution of jet and heavy-quark momentum broadening ratios q ˆ y y / q ˆ z z and κ T / κ z. We also provide parametrizations for these ratios for phenomenological studies of pre-equilibrium effects on jets and heavy quarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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291. Forward J/ψ production in proton-nucleus collisions at high energy.

Author

Ducloué, B., Mäntysaari, H., and Lappi, T.

Subjects
*MESONS, *GLUONS, *PROTONS, *QUARKS, *PROTON-proton interactions, *QUANTUM chromodynamics, *PHENOMENOLOGICAL theory (Physics)
Abstract

Inclusive production of J/ψ mesons, especially at forward rapidities, is an important probe of small-x gluons in protons and nuclei. In this paper we reevaluate the production cross sections in the color glass condensate framework, where the process is described by a large x gluon from the probe splitting into a quark pair and eikonally interacting with the target proton or nucleus. Using a standard collinear gluon distribution for the probe and an up-to-date dipole cross section fitted to HERA data to describe the target we achieve a rather good description of the cross section in proton-proton collisions, although with a rather large normalization uncertainty. More importantly, we show that generalizing the dipole cross section to nuclei in the Glauber approach results in a nuclear suppression of J/ψ production that is much closer to the experimental data than claimed in previous literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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294. Scultura ellenistica e paesaggio urbano: i casi di Tindari e Solunto

Author

Portale, Elisa Chiara, Trümper, M, Adornato, G, Lappi, T, and Portale, Elisa Chiara

Subjects
Hellenistic sculpture, Sicily, cityscape, acroters, cult statues, Tyndaris, Solunto, architectural contexts, Settore L-ANT/07 - Archeologia Classica
Abstract

The archaeological evidence provides us with significant clues about the role of the sculptural display in the urban space during the Hellenistic period. The paper focuses on two study cases from Tindari and Solunto respectively. Thanks to the investigation of overlooked archival documents and historiography, it has been possible to single out the monumental contexts of the sculptures. It is now quite certain that the two marble Nikai from Tyndaris come from the mid-19th century excavation at the theatre, perhaps from the paraskenia of the huge late Hellenistic scene building. The second part deals with the so-called Zeus of Solunto, its extant pieces and the puzzling remains of the sacred buildings located above the theatre of the town.

Published
2019

296. Conserved energy-momentum tensor for real-time lattice simulations.

Author

Boguslavski K, Lappi T, Peuron J, and Singh P

Abstract

We derive an expression for the energy-momentum tensor in the discrete lattice formulation of pure glue QCD. The resulting expression satisfies the continuity equation for energy conservation up to numerical errors with a symmetric procedure for the time discretization. In the case of the momentum conservation equation, we obtain an expression that is of higher accuracy in lattice spacing ( O ( a 2 ) ) than the naive discretization where fields in the continuum expressions are replaced by discretized counterparts. The improvements are verified by performing numerical tests on the derived expressions using classical real-time lattice gauge theory simulations. We demonstrate substantial reductions in relative error of one to several orders of magnitude compared to a naive discretization for both energy and momentum conservation equations. We expect our formulation to have applications in the area of pre-equilibrium dynamics in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, in particular for the extraction of transport coefficients such as shear viscosity., (© The Author(s) 2024.)

Published
2024
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297. Distribution of Linearly Polarized Gluons and Elliptic Azimuthal Anisotropy in Deep Inelastic Scattering Dijet Production at High Energy.

Author

Dumitru A, Lappi T, and Skokov V

Abstract

We determine the distribution of linearly polarized gluons of a dense target at small x by solving the Balitsky-Jalilian-Marian-Iancu-McLerran-Weigert-Leonidov-Kovner rapidity evolution equations. From these solutions, we estimate the amplitude of ∼cos2ϕ azimuthal asymmetries in deep inelastic scattering dijet production at high energies. We find sizable long-range in rapidity azimuthal asymmetries with a magnitude in the range of v_{2}=⟨cos2ϕ⟩∼10%.

Published
2015
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298. Prokaryotic genes in eukaryotic genome sequences: when to infer horizontal gene transfer and when to suspect an actual microbe.

Author

Artamonova II, Lappi T, Zudina L, and Mushegian AR

Subjects
Base Sequence, Biological Evolution, Computational Biology, Genome, Bacterial genetics, Phylogeny, Bacteria genetics, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Eukaryota genetics, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Genes, Bacterial
Abstract

Assessment of phylogenetic positions of predicted gene and protein sequences is a routine step in any genome project, useful for validating the species' taxonomic position and for evaluating hypotheses about genome evolution and function. Several recent eukaryotic genome projects have reported multiple gene sequences that were much more similar to homologues in bacteria than to any eukaryotic sequence. In the spirit of the times, horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to eukaryotes has been invoked in some of these cases. Here, we show, using comparative sequence analysis, that some of those bacteria-like genes indeed appear likely to have been horizontally transferred from bacteria to eukaryotes. In other cases, however, the evidence strongly indicates that the eukaryotic DNA sequenced in the genome project contains a sample of non-integrated DNA from the actual bacteria, possibly providing a window into the host microbiome. Recent literature suggests also that common reagents, kits and laboratory equipment may be systematically contaminated with bacterial DNA, which appears to be sampled by metagenome projects non-specifically. We review several bioinformatic criteria that help to distinguish putative horizontal gene transfers from the admixture of genes from autonomously replicating bacteria in their hosts' genome databases or from the reagent contamination., (© 2015 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2015
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