198 results on '"Shen, Jiahui"'
Search Results
152. Hierarchical Carbon Nanocages as Superior Supports for Photothermal CO2Catalysis
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Chen, Zhijie, Dong, Xudong, Sun, Zi-Xuan, An, Xingda, Li, Chaoran, Liu, Shuang, Shen, Jiahui, Wu, Chunpeng, Wang, Jiaqi, Wang, Zidi, Zhu, Zhijie, Zhou, Yuxuan, Yu, Kewei, Ma, Yueru, He, Jiari, Feng, Kai, He, Le, and Hu, Zheng
- Abstract
The exploitation of hierarchical carbon nanocages with superior light-to-heat conversion efficiency, together with their distinct structural, morphological, and electronic properties, in photothermal applications could provide effective solutions to long-standing challenges in diverse areas. Here, we demonstrate the discovery of pristine and nitrogen-doped hierarchical carbon nanocages as superior supports for highly loaded, small-sized Ru particles toward enhanced photothermal CO2catalysis. A record CO production rate of 3.1 mol·gRu–1·h–1with above 90% selectivity in flow reactors was reached for hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon-nanocage-supported Ru clusters under 2.4 W·cm–2illumination without external heating. Detailed studies reveal that the enhanced performance originates from the strong broadband sunlight absorption and efficient light-to-heat conversion of nanocage supports as well as the excellent intrinsic catalytic reactivity of sub-2 nm Ru particles. Our study reveals the great potential of hierarchical carbon nanocages in photothermal catalysis to reduce the fossil fuel consumption of various industrial chemical processes and stimulates interest in their exploitation for other demanding photothermal applications.
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- 2024
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153. Cardamonin induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis via activation of the JNK–FOXO3a pathway in breast cancer cells.
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Kong, Weiwei, Li, Chuang, Qi, Qiaofang, Shen, Jiahui, and Chang, Kaiwen
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CANCER cells ,BREAST cancer ,FORKHEAD transcription factors ,SMALL interfering RNA ,CANCER cell proliferation - Abstract
Cardamonin (CD), a naturally occurring chalcone isolated from large black cardamom, was previously reported to suppress the proliferation of breast cancer cells. However, its precise molecular anti‐tumor mechanisms have not been well elucidated. In this study, we found that CD markedly inhibited the proliferation of MDA‐MB 231 and MCF‐7 breast cancer cells through the induction of G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a pivotal role in the inhibition of CD‐induced cell proliferation. Treatment with N‐acetyl‐cysteine (NAC), an ROS scavenger, blocked CD‐induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis in this study. Quenching of ROS by overexpression of catalase also blocked CD‐induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We showed that CD enhanced the expression and nuclear translocation of Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) via upstream c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase, inducing the expression of FOXO3a and its target genes, including p21, p27, and Bim. This process led to the reduction of cyclin D1 and enhancement of activated caspase‐3 expression. The addition of NAC markedly reversed these effects, knockdown of FOXO3a using small interfering RNA also decreased CD‐induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis. In vivo, CD efficiently suppressed the growth of MDA‐MB 231 breast cancer xenograft tumors. Taken together, our data provide a molecular mechanistic rationale for CD‐induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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154. A Quadrupole-Central-Transition59Co NMR Study of Cobalamins in Solution
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Shen, Jiahui, primary, Terskikh, Victor, additional, and Wu, Gang, additional
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- 2018
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155. A New cis-Caffeoyl Coumarin Glycoside from the Stem Barks of Fraxinus depauperata
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Luo, Yanyan, primary, Hu, Liqiu, additional, Wang, Junhui, additional, Liu, Tingwu, additional, Sun, Lin, additional, Han, Shujun, additional, Shen, Jiahui, additional, Si, Chuan-Ling, additional, and Hu, Weicheng, additional
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- 2018
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156. Interaction of CBC Loops Involved in Working Memory Feedback Training
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Shen, Jiahui, primary, Pang, Airu, additional, Yao, Li, additional, and Zhao, Xiaojie, additional
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- 2018
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157. A Quadrupole-Central-Transition 17O NMR Study of Nicotinamide: Experimental Evidence of Cross-Correlation between Second-Order Quadrupolar Interaction and Magnetic Shielding Anisotropy
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Shen, Jiahui, primary, Terskikh, Victor, additional, Wang, Xiaoling, additional, Hung, Ivan, additional, Gan, Zhehong, additional, and Wu, Gang, additional
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- 2018
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158. Smart city with Chinese characteristics against the background of big data: Idea, action and risk
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Wu, Yuzhe, primary, Zhang, Weiwen, additional, Shen, Jiahui, additional, Mo, Zhibin, additional, and Peng, Yi, additional
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- 2018
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159. Reorganization of functional brain networks mediates the improvement of cognitive performance following real‐time neurofeedback training of working memory
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Zhang, Gaoyan, Yao, Li, Shen, Jiahui, Yang, Yihong, and Zhao, Xiaojie
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Male ,Brain Mapping ,Brain ,Neurofeedback ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Oxygen ,Young Adult ,Memory, Short-Term ,Cerebrovascular Circulation ,Neural Pathways ,Humans ,Female ,Research Articles - Abstract
Working memory (WM) is essential for individuals' cognitive functions. Neuroimaging studies indicated that WM fundamentally relied on a frontoparietal working memory network (WMN) and a cinguloparietal default mode network (DMN). Behavioral training studies demonstrated that the two networks can be modulated by WM training. Different from the behavioral training, our recent study used a real‐time functional MRI (rtfMRI)‐based neurofeedback method to conduct WM training, demonstrating that WM performance can be significantly improved after successfully upregulating the activity of the target region of interest (ROI) in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Zhang et al., [2013]: PloS One 8:e73735); however, the neural substrate of rtfMRI‐based WM training remains unclear. In this work, we assessed the intranetwork and internetwork connectivity changes of WMN and DMN during the training, and their correlations with the change of brain activity in the target ROI as well as with the improvement of post‐training behavior. Our analysis revealed an “ROI‐network‐behavior” correlation relationship underlying the rtfMRI training. Further mediation analysis indicated that the reorganization of functional brain networks mediated the effect of self‐regulation of the target brain activity on the improvement of cognitive performance following the neurofeedback training. The results of this study enhance our understanding of the neural basis of real‐time neurofeedback and suggest a new direction to improve WM performance by regulating the functional connectivity in the WM related networks. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1705–1715, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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- 2014
160. Feature Article: Transplantation of neuregulin 4-overexpressing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates insulin resistance by attenuating hepatic steatosis.
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Wang, Wenyue, Zhang, Yuxiang, Yang, Chengcan, Wang, Yanni, Shen, Jiahui, Shi, Meilong, and Wang, Bing
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- 2019
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161. A Quadrupole‐Central‐Transition 59Co NMR Study of Cobalamins in Solution.
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Shen, Jiahui, Terskikh, Victor, and Wu, Gang
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- 2019
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162. Manifest the Hidden: Wen 文 and Zhi 質 as Conceptual Pair in Early Chinese Thought
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Shen, Jiahui
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- Chinese Philosophy, Chinese Political Thought, Chinese Religion, Early China, Intellectual History, Ritual Theory
- Abstract
This thesis aims to explore the often-neglected conceptual pair of wen 文 and zhi 質 and their interconnectedness in early Chinese thought. Through a comprehensive survey of texts spanning from approximately the fifth or fourth century B.C.E. to the first century C.E., the study aims to shed light on the multifaceted meanings and implications encapsulated within the wen-zhi pair. A particular emphasis will be placed on analyzing the vocabulary utilized within this discourse. Employing a meticulous analysis that includes textual comparison and exploration of intertextuality, the research seeks to unravel how ancient thinkers engaged in a rich discourse, probing the moral and political dimensions of ritual practices within the framework of wen and zhi as an interconnected conceptual pair. This discourse encompasses a diverse spectrum of themes, ranging from the cultivation of individual character to intricate debates concerning differentiated and undifferentiated social orders, as well as the symbolic representation of dynastic authority.
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- 2023
163. Observation of the Second-Order Quadrupolar Interaction as a Dominating NMR Relaxation Mechanism in Liquids: The Ultraslow Regime of Motion
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Shen, Jiahui, primary, Terskikh, Victor, additional, and Wu, Gang, additional
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- 2016
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164. Aptamer-Directed Specific Drug Delivery and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Renal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
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Li, Jingjing, primary, Wang, Junhui, additional, Sun, Dong, additional, Dai, Yue, additional, Shen, Jiahui, additional, You, Jia, additional, Han, Cuiping, additional, and Xu, Kai, additional
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- 2016
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165. Interaction of multiple networks modulated by the working memory training based on real-time fMRI
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Shen, Jiahui, additional, Zhang, Gaoyan, additional, Zhu, Chaozhe, additional, Yao, Li, additional, and Zhao, Xiaojie, additional
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- 2015
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166. Reorganization of functional brain networks mediates the improvement of cognitive performance following real-time neurofeedback training of working memory
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Zhang, Gaoyan, primary, Yao, Li, additional, Shen, Jiahui, additional, Yang, Yihong, additional, and Zhao, Xiaojie, additional
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- 2014
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167. An improved fast marching method and its application in Alzheimer's disease
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Zhao, Xiaojie, primary, Wen, Xiaotong, additional, Shen, Jiahui, additional, Hong, Hao, additional, and Yao, Li, additional
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- 2013
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168. The genome of the pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.)
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Wu, Jun, primary, Wang, Zhiwen, additional, Shi, Zebin, additional, Zhang, Shu, additional, Ming, Ray, additional, Zhu, Shilin, additional, Khan, M. Awais, additional, Tao, Shutian, additional, Korban, Schuyler S., additional, Wang, Hao, additional, Chen, Nancy J., additional, Nishio, Takeshi, additional, Xu, Xun, additional, Cong, Lin, additional, Qi, Kaijie, additional, Huang, Xiaosan, additional, Wang, Yingtao, additional, Zhao, Xiang, additional, Wu, Juyou, additional, Deng, Cao, additional, Gou, Caiyun, additional, Zhou, Weili, additional, Yin, Hao, additional, Qin, Gaihua, additional, Sha, Yuhui, additional, Tao, Ye, additional, Chen, Hui, additional, Yang, Yanan, additional, Song, Yue, additional, Zhan, Dongliang, additional, Wang, Juan, additional, Li, Leiting, additional, Dai, Meisong, additional, Gu, Chao, additional, Wang, Yuezhi, additional, Shi, Daihu, additional, Wang, Xiaowei, additional, Zhang, Huping, additional, Zeng, Liang, additional, Zheng, Danman, additional, Wang, Chunlei, additional, Chen, Maoshan, additional, Wang, Guangbiao, additional, Xie, Lin, additional, Sovero, Valpuri, additional, Sha, Shoufeng, additional, Huang, Wenjiang, additional, Zhang, Shujun, additional, Zhang, Mingyue, additional, Sun, Jiangmei, additional, Xu, Linlin, additional, Li, Yuan, additional, Liu, Xing, additional, Li, Qingsong, additional, Shen, Jiahui, additional, Wang, Junyi, additional, Paull, Robert E., additional, Bennetzen, Jeffrey L., additional, Wang, Jun, additional, and Zhang, Shaoling, additional
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- 2012
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169. Interaction of multiple networks modulated by the working memory training based on real-time fMRI
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Gimi, Barjor, Molthen, Robert C., Shen, Jiahui, Zhang, Gaoyan, Zhu, Chaozhe, Yao, Li, and Zhao, Xiaojie
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- 2015
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170. Supra-Photothermal CO 2 Methanation over Greenhouse-Like Plasmonic Superstructures of Ultrasmall Cobalt Nanoparticles.
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Cai M, Li C, An X, Zhong B, Zhou Y, Feng K, Wang S, Zhang C, Xiao M, Wu Z, He J, Wu C, Shen J, Zhu Z, Feng K, Zhong J, and He L
- Abstract
Improving the solar-to-thermal energy conversion efficiency of photothermal nanomaterials at no expense of other physicochemical properties, e.g., the catalytic reactivity of metal nanoparticles, is highly desired for diverse applications but remains a big challenge. Herein, a synergistic strategy is developed for enhanced photothermal conversion by a greenhouse-like plasmonic superstructure of 4 nm cobalt nanoparticles while maintaining their intrinsic catalytic reactivity. The silica shell plays a key role in retaining the plasmonic superstructures for efficient use of the full solar spectrum, and reducing the heat loss of cobalt nanoparticles via the nano-greenhouse effect. The optimized plasmonic superstructure catalyst exhibits supra-photothermal CO
2 methanation performance with a record-high rate of 2.3 mol gCo -1 h-1 , close to 100% CH4 selectivity, and desirable catalytic stability. This work reveals the great potential of nanoscale greenhouse effect in enhancing photothermal conversions through the combination with conventional promoting strategies, shedding light on the design of efficient photothermal nanomaterials for demanding applications., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2024
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171. Facial age recognition based on deep manifold learning.
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Zhang H, Lin J, Zhou L, Shen J, and Sheng W
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- Neural Networks, Computer, Deep Learning
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Facial age recognition has been widely used in real-world applications. Most of current facial age recognition methods use deep learning to extract facial features to identify age. However, due to the high dimension features of faces, deep learning methods might extract a lot of redundant features, which is not beneficial for facial age recognition. To improve facial age recognition effectively, this paper proposed the deep manifold learning (DML), a combination of deep learning and manifold learning. In DML, deep learning was used to extract high-dimensional facial features, and manifold learning selected age-related features from these high-dimensional facial features for facial age recognition. Finally, we validated the DML on Multivariate Observations of Reactions and Physical Health (MORPH) and Face and Gesture Recognition Network (FG-NET) datasets. The results indicated that the mean absolute error (MAE) of MORPH is 1.60 and that of FG-NET is 2.48. Moreover, compared with the state of the art facial age recognition methods, the accuracy of DML has been greatly improved.
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- 2024
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172. Highly stretchable polyvinyl alcohol composite conductive hydrogel sensors reinforced by cellulose nanofibrils and liquid metal for information transmission.
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Hang T, Chen Y, Yin F, Shen J, Li X, Li Z, and Zheng J
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- Electric Conductivity, Hydrogels, Metals, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Cellulose
- Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have received widespread attention in the field of flexible sensors. However, a single network structure inside the hydrogel sensor usually makes it difficult to bear larger mechanical loadings, greatly limiting practical applications. Developing a recoverable conductive hydrogel sensor with high toughness and adaptability is still challenging. Herein, a high-performance polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based conductive composite hydrogel was constructed, assisted by green cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), magnesium chloride (MgCl
2 ), ethylene glycol (EG), and liquid metal (LM). The synergistic effects between CNFs and LM enhanced the network structure inside the recoverable hydrogel. This resulted in an excellent tensile strength of 3.86 MPa with an elongation at break of as high as 918.4 % and compressive strength of 4.04 MPa at 80 % strain. In addition, the conductive network composed of MgCl2 and LM endowed the hydrogel good electrical conductivity. Moreover, it could be used as a flexible strain sensor for various application scenarios, e.g., micro-stress monitoring (water droplet falling) and information encryption transmission of Morse code. Such uniqueness will provide a design strategy for developing a new generation of hydrogel sensors., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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173. Mechanism Analysis for the Enhancement of Low-Temperature Impact Toughness of Nodular Cast Iron by Heat Treatment.
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Zhuang H, Shen J, Yu M, An X, and Hu J
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The low-temperature impact toughness of nodular cast iron can be significantly enhanced by heat treatment, and thus meet the severe service requirements in the fields of high-speed rail and power generation, etc. In order to explore the enhancement mechanism, microstructure, hardness, composition and other characteristics of as-cast and heat-treated nodular cast iron is systematically tested and compared by optical microscopy, microhardness tester, EBSD, SEM, electron probe, and impact toughness testing machine in this study. The results show that heat treatment has little effect on the morphology and size of graphite in nodular cast iron, ignores the effect on the grain size, morphology, and distribution of ferritic matrix, and has little effect on the hardness and exchange of elements, while it is meaningful to find that heat treatment brings about significant decrease in high-angle grain boundaries (HAGB) between 59° and 60°, decreasing from 10% to 3%. Therefore, the significant enhancement of low-temperature impact toughness of nodular cast iron by heat treatment may result from the obvious decrease in HAGB between 59° and 60°, instead of other reasons. From this perspective, the study can provide novel ideas for optimizing the heat treatment process of nodular cast iron.
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- 2024
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174. Ultra-flexible silver/iron nanowire decorated melamine composite foams for high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption and thermal management.
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Hang T, Xu C, Shen J, Zheng J, Zhou L, Li M, Li X, Jiang S, Yang P, Zhou W, and Chen Y
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Nowadays, functional electronic devices with excellent flexibility and thermal management capability for effective electromagnetic wave absorption are urgently in demand. Herein, a novel and highly flexible silver nanowire (AgNW)/iron nanowire (FeNW) decorated melamine composite foam (AgFe-MF) was prepared via simple dip-coating process. Owing to optimal impedance matching, synergistic dielectric and magnetic losses as well as three-dimensional porous structure, the AgFe-MF with an ultra-low filler content (0.22 vol%) exhibited an outstanding minimum reflection loss of -69.61 dB, and the best effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) could reach up to 6.37 GHz. Importantly, the EAB of long-time working AgFe-MF was enhanced to 7.01 GHz after 1000 compress-release cycles under 40 % strain. Besides, it also featured considerate Joule heating capacity and achieved a saturation temperature of over 85.7 ℃ under 2.6 V voltage. The impressive thermal isolation and long-term stability ensured the safety used as portable heater. Therefore, this work will provide a vital slight for fabricating smart wearable electronic devices with integrated anti-electromagnetic radiation and personalized thermal management performances towards potential thermal and health threats., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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175. Multi-objective pedestrian tracking method based on YOLOv8 and improved DeepSORT.
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Sheng W, Shen J, Huang Q, Liu Z, and Ding Z
- Abstract
A multi-objective pedestrian tracking method based on you only look once-v8 (YOLOv8) and the improved simple online and real time tracking with a deep association metric (DeepSORT) was proposed with the purpose of coping with the issues of local occlusion and ID dynamic transformation that frequently arise when tracking target pedestrians in real complex traffic scenarios. To begin with, in order to enhance the feature extraction network's capacity to learn target feature information in busy traffic situations, the detector implemented the YOLOv8 method with a high level of small-scale feature expression. In addition, the omni-scale network (OSNet) feature extraction network was then put on top of DeepSORT in order to accomplish real-time synchronized target tracking. This increases the effectiveness of picture edge recognition by dynamically fusing the collected feature information at various scales. Furthermore, a new adaptive forgetting smoothing Kalman filtering algorithm (FSA) was created to adapt to the nonlinear condition of the pedestrian trajectory in the traffic scene in order to address the issue of poor prediction attributed to the linear state equation of Kalman filtering once more. Afterward, the original intersection over union (IOU) association matching algorithm of DeepSORT was replaced by the complete-intersection over union (CIOU) association matching algorithm to fundamentally reduce the target pedestrians' omission and misdetection situation and to improve the accuracy of data matching. Eventually, the generalized trajectory feature extractor model (GFModel) was developed to tightly merge the local and global information through the average pooling operation in order to get precise tracking results and further decrease the impact of numerous disturbances on target tracking. The fusion algorithm of YOLOv8 and improved DeepSORT method based on OSNet, FSA and GFModel was named YOFGD. According to the experimental findings, YOFGD's ultimate accuracy can reach 77.9% and its speed can reach 55.8 frames per second (FPS), which is more than enough to fulfill the demands of real-world scenarios.
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- 2024
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176. [Research progress in influence of microstructure on performance of triply-periodic minimal surface bone scaffolds].
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Sun Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Dong B, Yang P, Li Y, Li Y, Zhou L, Shen J, and Ma X
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- Bone and Bones, Porosity, Tissue Scaffolds chemistry, Tissue Engineering methods
- Abstract
Objective: To summarize the influence of microstructure on performance of triply-periodic minimal surface (TPMS) bone scaffolds., Methods: The relevant literature on the microstructure of TPMS bone scaffolds both domestically and internationally in recent years was widely reviewed, and the research progress in the imfluence of microstructure on the performance of bone scaffolds was summarized., Results: The microstructure characteristics of TPMS bone scaffolds, such as pore shape, porosity, pore size, curvature, specific surface area, and tortuosity, exert a profound influence on bone scaffold performance. By finely adjusting the above parameters, it becomes feasible to substantially optimize the structural mechanical characteristics of the scaffold, thereby effectively preempting the occurrence of stress shielding phenomena. Concurrently, the manipulation of these parameters can also optimize the scaffold's biological performance, facilitating cell adhesion, proliferation, and growth, while facilitating the ingrowth and permeation of bone tissue. Ultimately, the ideal bone fusion results will obtain., Conclusion: The microstructure significantly and substantially influences the performance of TPMS bone scaffolds. By deeply exploring the characteristics of these microstructure effects on the performance of bone scaffolds, the design of bone scaffolds can be further optimized to better match specific implantation regions.
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- 2023
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177. Publisher Correction: The interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system: from development to diseases.
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Wu Y, Lan Y, Mao J, Shen J, Kang T, and Xie Z
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- 2023
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178. The interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system: from development to diseases.
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Wu Y, Lan Y, Mao J, Shen J, Kang T, and Xie Z
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- Bone and Bones, Humans, Nervous System, Stomatognathic System
- Abstract
The crosstalk between the nerve and stomatognathic systems plays a more important role in organismal health than previously appreciated with the presence of emerging concept of the "brain-oral axis". A deeper understanding of the intricate interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system is warranted, considering their significant developmental homology and anatomical proximity, and the more complex innervation of the jawbone compared to other skeletons. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at studies concerning neurodevelopment, craniofacial development, and congenital anomalies that occur when the two systems develop abnormally. It summarizes the cross-regulation between nerves and jawbones and the effects of various states of the jawbone on intrabony nerve distribution. Diseases closely related to both the nervous system and the stomatognathic system are divided into craniofacial diseases caused by neurological illnesses, and neurological diseases caused by an aberrant stomatognathic system. The two-way relationships between common diseases, such as periodontitis and neurodegenerative disorders, and depression and oral diseases were also discussed. This review provides valuable insights into novel strategies for neuro-skeletal tissue engineering and early prevention and treatment of orofacial and neurological diseases., (© 2023. West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University.)
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- 2023
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179. [Research progress on the design of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures].
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Zhou L, Li Y, Shen J, Dong B, Yang P, Li Y, Ma J, and Ma X
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- Bone and Bones, Tissue Scaffolds
- Abstract
Objective: To review the research progress of design of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures., Methods: The related literature on the study of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures at home and abroad in recent years was extensively reviewed, and the research progress was summarized., Results: The single cell structure of bone scaffold can be divided into regular cell structure, irregular cell structure, cell structure designed based on topology optimization theory, and cell structure designed based on triply periodic minimal surface. Different single cell structures have different structural morphology and geometric characteristics, and the selection of single cell structure directly determines the mechanical properties and biological properties of bone scaffold. It is very important to choose a reasonable cell structure for bone scaffold to replace the original bone tissue., Conclusion: Bone scaffolds have been widely studied, but there are many kinds of bone scaffolds at present, and the optimization of single cell structure should be considered comprehensively, which is helpful to develop bone scaffolds with excellent performance and provide effective support for bone tissue.
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- 2023
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180. Effects of temperature on incidence of bacillary dysentery in a temperate continental arid climate city in northwest China.
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Feng F, Ma Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Cheng B, Wang H, and Shen J
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- Male, Female, Humans, Adolescent, Temperature, Incidence, Hot Temperature, China epidemiology, Dysentery, Bacillary epidemiology
- Abstract
The effect of ambient temperature on health continues to draw more and more attention with the global warming. Bacillary dysentery (BD) is a major global environmental health issue and affected by temperature and other environmental variables. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of temperature on the incidence of BD from January 1st, 2008 to December 31st, 2011 in Jiayuguan, a temperate continental arid climate city in the Hexi Corridor of northwest China. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was performed to evaluate the lag effect of temperature on BD up to 30 days. Results showed the risk of BD increased with temperature significantly, especially after 8 °C. The maximum risk of BD was observed at extreme high temperature (29 °C). The effect of temperature on BD risk was significantly divided into short-term effect at lag 5 days and long-term effect at lag 30 days. Age ≤ 15 years were most affected by high temperature. The maximum cumulative risk for lag 30 days (25.8, 95% CIs: 11.8-50.1) was observed at 29 °C. Age ≤ 15 years and females showed short-term effect at lag 5 days and long-term effect at lag 30 days, while age > 15 years and males showed acute short-term effect at lag 0 and light long-term effect at lag 16 days., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
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- 2023
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181. Comparison of short-term clinical outcomes between robot-assisted and freehand pedicle screw placement in spine surgery: a meta-analysis and systematic review.
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Li Y, Wang Y, Ma X, Ma J, Dong B, Yang P, Sun Y, Zhou L, and Shen J
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- Humans, Blood Loss, Surgical, Retrospective Studies, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Pedicle Screws, Robotics, Robotic Surgical Procedures methods, Spinal Fusion methods
- Abstract
Study Design: Meta-analysis and systematic review., Background: Robot-assisted pedicle screw placement technique offers greater accuracy than the traditional freehand screw placement technique. However, it is controversial whether there is a difference between the two procedures in terms of improved clinical outcomes., Materials and Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science to identify potentially eligible articles. Indispensable data such as the year of publication, study type, age, number of patients, sex distribution, and outcomes were extracted. The outcome indicators of interest included Oswestry disability index (ODI), visual analog scale (VAS) score, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and post-operative length of stay. RevMan 5.4.1 was used for the meta-analysis., Results: A total of eight studies with 508 participants were included. Eight were related to ΔVAS, six were related to ΔODI, seven were related to operative time, five were related to intraoperative blood loss, and seven were related to the length of hospitalization. The results showed that, in terms of ΔVAS (95% CI, -1.20 to -0.36, P = 0.0003) and ΔODI (95% CI, -2.50 to -0.48, P = 0.004), robot-assisted pedicle screw placement technique scored higher than traditional freehand technique. Additionally, the intraoperative blood loss (95% CI, -140.34 to -10.94, P = 0.02) and the length of hospitalization (95% CI, -2.59 to -0.31, P = 0.01) for patients who underwent robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement were less than that of those who underwent the conventional freehand screw placement. No significant difference was found between robot-assisted techniques and conventional freehand techniques in pedicle screw placement in surgical time (95% CI, -2.24 to 26.32, P = 0.10)., Conclusions: Robot-assisted technique helps improve short-term clinical outcomes, reduce intraoperative blood loss and patient suffering, and shorten recovery time compared to the freehand technique., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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182. Temperature modifies the effects of air pollutants on respiratory diseases.
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Shen J, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Wang W, Qin P, and Yang L
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- Male, Female, Humans, Temperature, Nitrogen Dioxide adverse effects, Particulate Matter analysis, China, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Respiration Disorders, Respiratory Tract Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
Increasing studies have reported temperature modification effects on air pollutants-induced respiratory diseases. In the current study, daily data of respiratory emergency room visits (ERVs), meteorological factors, and concentrations of air pollutants were collected from 2013 to 2016 in Lanzhou, a northwest city in China. Daily average temperature was stratified into low (≤ 25 percentile, P
25 ), medium (25-75 percentile, P25 -P75 ) and high (≥ 75 percentile, P75 ) to explore how temperature modifies the effects of air pollutants (PM2.5 , PM10 , SO2 , and NO2 ) on respiratory ERVs by using generalized additive Poisson regression model (GAM). Seasonal modification was also investigated. Results showed that (a) PM10 , PM2.5 , and NO2 had the strongest effects on respiratory ERVs in low temperature; (b) males and 15-and-younger were more vulnerable in low temperature while females and those older than 46 years were highly affected in high temperature; (c) PM10 , PM2.5 , and NO2 were mostly associated with the total and both males and females in winter, while SO2 resulted in the highest risk for the total and males in autumn and females in spring. In conclusion, this study found significant temperature modification effects and seasonal differences on the risks of respiratory ERVs due to air pollutants in Lanzhou, China., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2023
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183. Mo 2 TiC 2 MXene-Supported Ru Clusters for Efficient Photothermal Reverse Water-Gas Shift.
- Author
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Wu Z, Shen J, Li C, Zhang C, Feng K, Wang Z, Wang X, Meira DM, Cai M, Zhang D, Wang S, Chu M, Chen J, Xi Y, Zhang L, Sham TK, Genest A, Rupprechter G, Zhang X, and He L
- Abstract
Driving metal-cluster-catalyzed high-temperature chemical reactions by sunlight holds promise for the development of negative-carbon-footprint industrial catalysis, which has yet often been hindered by the poor ability of metal clusters to harvest and utilize the full spectrum of solar energy. Here, we report the preparation of Mo
2 TiC2 MXene-supported Ru clusters (Ru/Mo2 TiC2 ) with pronounced broadband sunlight absorption ability and high sintering resistance. Under illumination of focused sunlight, Ru/Mo2 TiC2 can catalyze the reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction to produce carbon monoxide from the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and renewable hydrogen with enhanced activity, selectivity, and stability compared to their nanoparticle counterparts. Notably, the CO production rate of MXene-supported Ru clusters reached 4.0 mol·gRu -1 ·h-1 , which is among the best reported so far for photothermal RWGS catalysts. Detailed studies suggest that the production of methane is kinetically inhibited by the rapid desorption of CO from the surface of the Ru clusters.- Published
- 2022
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184. Short-term effect of ambient ozone pollution on respiratory diseases in western China.
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Ma Y, Shen J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Li H, Cheng Y, and Guo Y
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Nitrogen Dioxide toxicity, China, Particulate Matter analysis, Environmental Exposure analysis, Ozone toxicity, Ozone analysis, Air Pollutants toxicity, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution adverse effects, Air Pollution analysis, Respiration Disorders, Environmental Pollutants
- Abstract
Ambient air pollution has been regarded as an important cause of the morbidity and mortality of respiratory diseases. In the current work, a total of 469,490 respiratory emergency room (ER) visits in Lanzhou, China from Jan 1, 2013 to Dec 31, 2016 were collected. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to investigate the association between O
3 and respiratory ER visits for the different gender and age subgroups. The results showed that: (a) with per inter-quartile range (IQR) (31 µg/m3 ) increase in O3 , the greatest relative risk (RR) of respiratory ER visits for the total was 1.014 (95% CI 1.008-1.020) at lag 4 days. Females and 16-to-45-year-olds were relatively more sensitive to O3 ; (b) the significant lag effects were found in single-day lag models, with the highest RR values for different groups were observed at lag 3-lag 5 days. The multi-day cumulative lag effects were stronger for the total; (c) in the multiple-pollutant models, the effects of O3 were generally increased when introducing other pollutants (PM10 , PM2.5 , SO2 and NO2 ) for adjustment. This study demonstrated that short-term exposure to O3 increased the RR of respiratory ER visits in Lanzhou, China., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)- Published
- 2022
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185. Effect of ambient O 3 on mortality due to circulatory and respiratory diseases in a high latitude city of northeast China.
- Author
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Zhang Y, Ma Y, Shen J, Li H, Wang H, Cheng B, and Ma L
- Subjects
- China epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Particulate Matter analysis, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Environmental Pollutants analysis, Ozone analysis, Respiration Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
In recent years, O
3 pollution had been worsening in China and became a major challenge for human health. To evaluate the O3 effects on circulatory and respiratory mortality in Harbin, a high latitude city of northeast China, we applied a time-series study from 2014 to 2016. After collecting data and adjusting for the effects of confounders, we built the generalized additive model to assess the associations between O3 and mortality at different lag days. The results showed that an interquartile-range (IQR) increase in O3 concentration corresponded to excess risk (ER) of 2.00% (95%CI: - 0.25-4.30%) for circulatory mortality at lag 0 and 8.02% (95%CI: 4.18-12.01%) for respiratory mortality at lag 2 days in the single-pollutant model. Stratified analysis showed that O3 had a greater effect on females than on males. The effect of O3 exposure on circulatory mortality was stronger during the warm period, while the opposite trend was founded for respiratory mortality. The sensitivity analysis showed that the effects of O3 were relatively independent and the major results were robust., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2022
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186. Rationally designed nanoarray catalysts for boosted photothermal CO 2 hydrogenation.
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Shen X, Li C, Wu Z, Tang R, Shen J, Chu M, Xu AB, Zhang B, He L, and Zhang X
- Abstract
It is of emerging interest to convert CO
2 and green H2 into solar fuels with great efficiency through photothermal CO2 hydrogenation. However, designing photothermal catalysts with improved sunlight harvesting ability, intrinsic catalytic activity, and thermal management to prevent heat dissipation still remains rather challenging. Herein, we report a facile structural engineering strategy for preparing efficient nanoarray-based photothermal catalysts with strong light absorption ability, high metal dispersity, and effective thermal management. Optimizing the 120 μm-SiNCs@Co catalyst allowed it to reach a record high Co-based photothermal CO2 conversion rate of 1780 mmol gCo -1 h-1 . This study provides insight into the structural engineering of photothermal catalysts for enhanced catalytic performance and lays a foundation for efficient photothermal CO2 catalysis.- Published
- 2022
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187. Health risk of extreme low temperature on respiratory diseases in western China.
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Ma Y, Wang H, Cheng B, Shen J, Li H, Guo Y, and Cheng Y
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, China epidemiology, Female, Hot Temperature, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Air Pollution, Cold Temperature adverse effects, Respiration Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Previous studies have reported that daily average temperature is connected with respiratory diseases (RD), but proof is limited for the influence of the extreme low temperature on RD in Lanzhou, a northwestern China of temperate area. Generalized additive model (GAM) was built in this work to describe the relationship between daily mean temperature and RD in Lanzhou, China from 2012 to 2017. The results indicated that the exposure-response curve was inverse J-shaped, showing the lower the temperature, the larger the relative risk (RR). The RR of daily emergency room (ER) admissions in P5 extreme low temperature (the temperature below the fifth percentile, etc.) was larger than that in P10. The P5 extreme low temperature has the strongest effect at lag 0, and the RRs were 1.043 (95% CI: 1.030, 1.055) for the total, 1.031 (95% CI: 1.015, 1.046) for males and 1.058 (95% CI: 1.039, 1.077) for females. For different age groups, the largest RRs were 1.026 (95% CI: 1.013, 1.039) for the children (age < 16 years) at lag 5, 1.057 (95% CI: 1.030, 1.085) for the young adults (aged 16-45 years), 1.060 (95% CI: 1.023, 1.099) for the middle-aged (aged 46-60 years) and 1.121 (95% CI: 1.077, 1.166) for the elderly group of age > 60 years. Meanwhile, females and the elderly were more vulnerable to extreme temperature. The results could strengthen the scientific evidence of effects of extreme low temperature on RD in temperate areas., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2022
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188. Outcomes and risk factors of perforating and non-perforating middle cerebral artery infarctions after intravenous thrombolysis.
- Author
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Wei H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Du S, Shen J, Li X, Yan H, Wang N, Zhu J, Wang Y, and Cai Z
- Subjects
- Cerebral Hemorrhage chemically induced, Fibrinolytic Agents adverse effects, Humans, Intracranial Hemorrhages etiology, Risk Factors, Thrombolytic Therapy adverse effects, Tissue Plasminogen Activator adverse effects, Treatment Outcome, Brain Ischemia drug therapy, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery complications, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery drug therapy
- Abstract
The clinical symptoms of perforating arteries differ, and responses to intravenous thrombolytic therapy are heterogeneous. Here, we investigated the effect of intravenous thrombolytic therapy and the related factors influencing acute perforating and non-perforating middle cerebral artery infarctions. We analyzed 320 patients with acute middle cerebral artery infarction who received alteplase thrombolysis within 4.5 h of onset at two stroke centers from January 2016 to December 2019. Outcome measures included rates of a favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale scores of 0-2), distribution of modified Rankin Scale scores, intracranial hemorrhage, and symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage at 14 days, with comparisons between perforating artery and non-perforating artery cerebral infarction groups. In the perforating vessel disease group, 12 cases (17.4%) of intracranial hemorrhage occurred, with symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage in three cases (4.3%); there were no significant differences between the perforating and non-perforating vessel disease groups (all P > 0.05). In the perforating vessel disease group, the only significant prognostic factor was the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score before thrombolysis (Exp(B) = 1.365; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.124-1.659; P = 0.002), and the only significant risk factor for hemorrhagic transformation was previous perforator disease (Exp(B) = 0.078; P = 0.038). Regardless of whether an acute infarction is perforating or non-perforating, intravenous thrombolytic therapy can yield a favorable outcome. Therefore, intravenous thrombolysis should be actively administered to treat perforating artery infarctions with a high risk of disability., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2022
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189. The increase of α-synuclein and alterations of dynein in A53T transgenic and aging mouse.
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Wang Y, Sun Z, Du S, Wei H, Li X, Li X, Shen J, Chen X, and Cai Z
- Subjects
- Aging, Animals, Dyneins metabolism, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, Substantia Nigra, Parkinson Disease genetics, alpha-Synuclein genetics, alpha-Synuclein metabolism
- Abstract
The dynein protein plays a key role in the degradation pathway by attaching to targeted molecules and transporting the autophagosome to the centrosome. Aging plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its effect on dynein is not clear. In this study we analyzed behavioral characteristics using the rod endurance test and climbing rod time test in different aged mice (3 months, 12 months, 20 months), and measured protein expression of dynein, α-synuclein, Tctex-1, and LC3 in the substantianigra of the mice by Western blot. The mRNA levels of dynein, α-synuclein, LC3 and Tctex-1 were measured by quantitative real time reverse transcription PCR, and detecting expression of dynein and α-synuclein by immunofluorescence. We found the motor functions of A53T mutant mice, in 12 months and 20 months, decreased more significantly compared with normal mice (p < 0.05). In addition, the expression of dynein, LC3-Ⅱ and Tctex-1 proteins in the substantia nigra of the two groups decreased with age. However, α-synuclein protein increased gradually with age, with significantly higher levels in the PD groups compared with age matched controls (p < 0.05). These results were confirmed by immunofluorescence. Our data demonstrates that dynein and other autophagy proteins change with age, and this is associated with increased α-synuclein. Therefore, therapeutics that prevent dynein dysfunction may offer novel treatments for PD and other autophagy related diseases., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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190. Association between atmospheric particulate matter and emergency room visits for cerebrovascular disease in Beijing, China.
- Author
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Cheng B, Zhou J, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Chen Y, Shen J, and Feng F
- Abstract
Purpose: The association between atmospheric particulate matter and emergency room visits for cerebrovascular disease were evaluated in Beijing., Methods: A generalized additive model was used to evaluate the associations between particulate matter and cerebrovascular disease, based on the daily data of meteorological elements, PM concentrations, and emergency room (ER) visits for cerebrovascular disease in Beijing from 2009 to 2012. Long-term trends and the effects of holidays, the day of the week, and confounding factors were controlled to determine the lag effect at 0-6 days. Single- and double-pollutant models were employed for different age and sex groups., Results: The effect of PM
2.5 concentration on the number of daily ER visits for cerebrovascular disease was much stronger than that of PM10 concentration. PM2.5 and PM10 had maximum RR values of 1.096 and 1.054 at lag 6 for patients aged 61-75 years. For each inter-quartile range (IQR) increase in PM10 concentration, the maximum RR values for the total, males, females, aged 15-60 years, aged 61-75 years, and aged > 75 years were 1.024, 1.044, 1.043, 1.038, 1.054, and 1.032, respectively. For each IQR increase in PM2.5 concentration, the maximum RR values for the total, males, females, aged 15-60 years, aged 61-75 years, and aged > 75 years were 1.038, 1.064, 1.076, 1.054, 1.096, and 1.049, respectively. The RR values of the double-pollutant models were lower than those of the single-pollutant models., Conclusion: This study showed that the effects of PM pollution on cerebrovascular disease were different among different gender and age groups, and aged 61-75 years were mostly sensitive to particulate matters. The effects of PM2.5 on cerebrovascular disease were stronger than those of PM10 . Our results can provide scientific evidence for the local government to take effective measures to improve air quality and the health of residents., Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-021-00776-w., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare they have no competing financial interests., (© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.)- Published
- 2022
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191. Solid-state 17 O NMR study of α-d-glucose: exploring new frontiers in isotopic labeling, sensitivity enhancement, and NMR crystallography.
- Author
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Shen J, Terskikh V, Struppe J, Hassan A, Monette M, Hung I, Gan Z, Brinkmann A, and Wu G
- Abstract
We report synthesis and solid-state
17 O NMR characterization of α-d-glucose for which all six oxygen atoms are site-specifically17 O-labeled. Solid-state17 O NMR spectra were recorded for α-d-glucose/NaCl/H2 O (2/1/1) cocrystals under static and magic-angle-spinning (MAS) conditions at five moderate, high, and ultrahigh magnetic fields: 14.1, 16.4, 18.8, 21.1, and 35.2 T. Complete17 O chemical shift (CS) and quadrupolar coupling (QC) tensors were determined for each of the six oxygen-containing functional groups in α-d-glucose. Paramagnetic Cu(ii) doping was found to significantly shorten the spin-lattice relaxation times for both1 H and17 O nuclei in these compounds. A combination of the paramagnetic Cu(ii) doping, new CPMAS CryoProbe technology, and apodization weighted sampling led to a sensitivity boost for solid-state17 O NMR by a factor of 6-8, which made it possible to acquire high-quality 2D17 O multiple-quantum (MQ) MAS spectra for carbohydrate compounds. The unprecedented spectral resolution offered by 2D17 O MQMAS spectra permitted detection of a key structural difference for a single hydrogen bond between two types of crystallographically distinct α-d-glucose molecules. This work represents the first case where all oxygen-containing functional groups in a carbohydrate molecule are site-specifically17 O-labeled and fully characterized by solid-state17 O NMR. Gauge Including Projector Augmented Waves (GIPAW) DFT calculations were performed to aid17 O and13 C NMR signal assignments for a complex crystal structure where there are six crystallographically distinct α-d-glucose molecules in the asymmetric unit., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)- Published
- 2022
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192. Particulate matter pollution and emergency room visits for respiratory diseases in a valley Basin city of Northwest China.
- Author
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Cheng B, Ma Y, Wang H, Shen J, Zhang Y, Guo L, Guo Y, and Li M
- Subjects
- Aged, Child, China epidemiology, Emergency Service, Hospital, Environmental Exposure analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Particulate Matter analysis, Particulate Matter toxicity, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollutants toxicity, Air Pollution adverse effects, Air Pollution analysis
- Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested that particulate matter (PM) pollution seriously affects human health, particularly it is closely associated with respiratory diseases. The aim of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the effect of PMs (PM
10 and PM2.5 ) on emergency room (ER) visits for respiratory diseases in Lanzhou, a valley basin city in northwest China. Based on the data of the ER visits, daily concentration of particulate matters and daily meteorological elements from January 1, 2013, to July 31, 2017, we used a generalized additive model (GAM) of time series to evaluate the exposure-response relationship between PMs and respiratory ER visits. Seasonal modified effects of PM2.5 and PM10 on different age and gender groups were also performed. Results showed that the highest incidence of respiratory diseases occurred in winter. Respiratory ER visits for the total were significantly associated with PM2.5 (at lag 0 day) and PM10 (at lag 3 days), with relative risks (RRs) of 1.042 (95%CI: 1.036 -1.047) and 1.013 (95%CI: 1.011-1.016), respectively. Effects of PM pollutants on respiratory diseases are different among different age and gender groups. Children under 15 years and the elders over 60 years were the most sensitive to PM pollution, and males were more sensitive than females. The results obtained in the current study would provide a scientific evidence for local government to make policy decision for prevention of respiratory diseases., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2021
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193. Effects of extreme temperature on respiratory diseases in Lanzhou, a temperate climate city of China.
- Author
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Feng F, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Shen J, Wang H, Cheng B, and Jiao H
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Aged, Child, China, Cities, Female, Hot Temperature, Humans, Male, Temperature, Cold Temperature, Respiration Disorders
- Abstract
Under the global climate warming, extreme weather events occur more and more frequently. Epidemiological studies have proved that extreme temperature is strongly correlated with respiratory diseases. We evaluated extreme-temperature effect on respiratory emergency room (ER) visits for 5 years in Lanzhou, a northwest temperate climate city of China from January 1st, 2013, to August 31st, 2017. We built a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to evaluate the lag effect up to 30 days. Results showed the relative risk (RR) of respiratory disease always reached the maximum at lag 0 day and decreased to 1.0 at lag 5 days. Extremely low temperature showed the lag effect of 22 days and the maximum RR was 1.415 (95% CI 1.295-1.546) at lag 0 day. Extremely high temperature showed the lag effect of 7 days and the maximum RR was 1.091 (95% CI 1.069-1.114) at lag 0 day. The elders (age > 65 years) were at the greatest risk to extreme temperatures and the response were very acute. Children (age ≤ 15 years) were at the lowest risk but the lag effect lasted the longest lag days than other subgroups. Males showed longer-term lag effect and higher RR than females. Our study indicated that the extremely low temperature has a significantly greater effect on respiratory diseases than extremely high temperature., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2021
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194. Association between environmental factors and COVID-19 in Shanghai, China.
- Author
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Ma Y, Cheng B, Shen J, Wang H, Feng F, Zhang Y, and Jiao H
- Subjects
- China, Humans, Particulate Matter analysis, SARS-CoV-2, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, COVID-19
- Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread worldwide and has led to recession, rising unemployment, and the collapse of the health-care system. The aim of this study was to explore the exposure-response relationship between daily confirmed COVID-19 cases and environmental factors. We used a time-series generalized additive model (GAM) to investigate the short-term association between COVID-19 and environmental factors by using daily meteorological elements, air pollutant concentration, and daily confirmed COVID-19 cases from January 21, 2020, to February 29, 2020, in Shanghai, China. We observed significant negative associations between daily confirmed COVID-19 cases and mean temperature (T
ave ), temperature humidity index (THI), and index of wind effect (K), whereas air quality index (AQI), PM2.5 , PM10 NO2 , and SO2 were significantly associated with the increase in daily confirmed COVID-19 cases. A 1 °C increase in Tave , one-unit increase in THI, and 10-unit increase in K (lag 0-7 days) were associated with 4.7, 1.8, and 1.6% decrease in daily confirmed cases, respectively. Daily Tave , THI, K, PM10 , and SO2 had significant lag and persistence (lag 0-7 days), whereas the lag and persistence of AQI, PM2.5 , and NO2 were significant at both lag 0-7 and 0-14 days. A 10-μg/m3 increase in PM10 and 1-μg/m3 increase in SO2 was associated with 13.9 and 5.7% increase in daily confirmed cases at lag 0-7 days, respectively, whereas a 10-unit increase in AQI and a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and NO2 were associated with 7.9, 7.8, and 10.1% increase in daily confirmed cases at lag 0-14 days, respectively. Our findings have important implications for public health in the city of Shanghai., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
195. Niobium and Titanium Carbides (MXenes) as Superior Photothermal Supports for CO 2 Photocatalysis.
- Author
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Wu Z, Li C, Li Z, Feng K, Cai M, Zhang D, Wang S, Chu M, Zhang C, Shen J, Huang Z, Xiao Y, Ozin GA, Zhang X, and He L
- Abstract
The conversion of CO
2 into fuels and feedstock chemicals via photothermal catalysis holds promise for efficient solar energy utilization to tackle the global energy shortage and climate change. Despite recent advances, it is of emerging interest to explore promising materials with excellent photothermal properties to boost the performance of photothermal CO2 catalysis. Here, we report the discovery of MXene materials as superior photothermal supports for metal nanoparticles. As a proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate that Nb2 C and Ti3 C2 , two typical MXene materials, can enhance the photothermal effect and thus boost the photothermal catalytic activity of Ni nanoparticles. A record CO2 conversion rate of 8.50 mol·gNi -1 ·h-1 is achieved for Nb2 C-nanosheet-supported Ni nanoparticles under intense illumination. Our study bridges the gap between photothermal MXene materials and photothermal CO2 catalysis toward more efficient solar-to-chemical energy conversions and stimulates the interest in MXene-supported metal nanoparticles for other heterogeneous catalytic reactions, particularly driven by sunlight.- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
196. A Quadrupole-Central-Transition 59 Co NMR Study of Cobalamins in Solution.
- Author
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Shen J, Terskikh V, and Wu G
- Abstract
We report the first observation of quadrupole-central-transition (QCT)
59 Co (I=7/2) NMR signals from three cobalamin (Cbl) compounds (CNCbl, MeCbl, and AdoCbl) dissolved in glycerol/water. Measurements were performed at four magnetic fields ranging from 11.7 to 21.1 T. We found that the59 Co QCT signals observed for cobalamin compounds in the slow motion regime (ω0 τC ≫1) are significantly narrower than those observed from their aqueous solutions where the molecular tumbling is near the condition of ω0 τC ≈1. We demonstrated that an analysis of59 Co QCT signals recorded over different temperatures and at multiple magnetic fields allowed determination of both the59 Co quadrupole coupling constant and chemical shift anisotropy for each of the three cobalamins. We successfully applied the59 Co QCT NMR approach to monitor in situ the transformation of CNCbl to its "base off" form in the presence of KCN. We further discovered that, to obtain the maximum QCT signal intensity with the Hahn-echo sequence, a strong B1 field should be used for the first 90° pulse, but a weak B1 field for the second 180° pulse. The reported59 Co QCT NMR methodology opens up a new direction for studying structure and function of cobalamin compounds and their roles in biological processes., (© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)- Published
- 2019
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197. A Quadrupole-Central-Transition 17 O NMR Study of Nicotinamide: Experimental Evidence of Cross-Correlation between Second-Order Quadrupolar Interaction and Magnetic Shielding Anisotropy.
- Author
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Shen J, Terskikh V, Wang X, Hung I, Gan Z, and Wu G
- Subjects
- Anisotropy, Hydrodynamics, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Magnetic Phenomena, Niacinamide chemistry
- Abstract
We have examined the
17 O quadrupole-central-transition (QCT) NMR signal from [17 O]nicotinamide (vitamin B3) dissolved in glycerol. Measurements were performed at five magnetic fields ranging from 9.4 to 35.2 T between 243 and 363 K. We found that, in the ultraslow motion regime, cross-correlation between the second-order quadrupole interaction and magnetic shielding anisotropy is an important contributor to the transverse relaxation process for the17 O QCT signal of [17 O]nicotinamide. While such a cross-correlation effect has generally been predicted by relaxation theory, we report here the first experimental evidence for this phenomenon in solution-state NMR for quadrupolar nuclei. We have discussed the various factors that determine the ultimate resolution limit in QCT NMR spectroscopy. The present study also highlights the advantages of performing QCT NMR experiments at very high magnetic fields (e.g., 35.2 T).- Published
- 2018
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198. The genome of the pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.).
- Author
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Wu J, Wang Z, Shi Z, Zhang S, Ming R, Zhu S, Khan MA, Tao S, Korban SS, Wang H, Chen NJ, Nishio T, Xu X, Cong L, Qi K, Huang X, Wang Y, Zhao X, Wu J, Deng C, Gou C, Zhou W, Yin H, Qin G, Sha Y, Tao Y, Chen H, Yang Y, Song Y, Zhan D, Wang J, Li L, Dai M, Gu C, Wang Y, Shi D, Wang X, Zhang H, Zeng L, Zheng D, Wang C, Chen M, Wang G, Xie L, Sovero V, Sha S, Huang W, Zhang S, Zhang M, Sun J, Xu L, Li Y, Liu X, Li Q, Shen J, Wang J, Paull RE, Bennetzen JL, Wang J, and Zhang S
- Subjects
- Chromosomes, Plant, Evolution, Molecular, Fruit genetics, Gene Duplication, Genes, Plant, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Plant Diseases genetics, Plant Diseases immunology, Pyrus immunology, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Rosaceae genetics, Rosaceae immunology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Transcriptome, Genome, Plant, Pyrus genetics
- Abstract
The draft genome of the pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) using a combination of BAC-by-BAC and next-generation sequencing is reported. A 512.0-Mb sequence corresponding to 97.1% of the estimated genome size of this highly heterozygous species is assembled with 194× coverage. High-density genetic maps comprising 2005 SNP markers anchored 75.5% of the sequence to all 17 chromosomes. The pear genome encodes 42,812 protein-coding genes, and of these, ~28.5% encode multiple isoforms. Repetitive sequences of 271.9 Mb in length, accounting for 53.1% of the pear genome, are identified. Simulation of eudicots to the ancestor of Rosaceae has reconstructed nine ancestral chromosomes. Pear and apple diverged from each other ~5.4-21.5 million years ago, and a recent whole-genome duplication (WGD) event must have occurred 30-45 MYA prior to their divergence, but following divergence from strawberry. When compared with the apple genome sequence, size differences between the apple and pear genomes are confirmed mainly due to the presence of repetitive sequences predominantly contributed by transposable elements (TEs), while genic regions are similar in both species. Genes critical for self-incompatibility, lignified stone cells (a unique feature of pear fruit), sorbitol metabolism, and volatile compounds of fruit have also been identified. Multiple candidate SFB genes appear as tandem repeats in the S-locus region of pear; while lignin synthesis-related gene family expansion and highly expressed gene families of HCT, C3'H, and CCOMT contribute to high accumulation of both G-lignin and S-lignin. Moreover, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism is a key pathway for aroma in pear fruit.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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