398 results on '"Zhen Guan"'
Search Results
352. UQ eSpace
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Zhen, Guan, primary
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353. Mechanisms through which gangliosides inhibit PDGF-stimulated mitogenesis in intact Swiss 3T3 cells: receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, intracellular calcium, and receptor binding
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H.E. Saqr, M.S. O'Dorisio, J. VanBrocklyn, Allan J. Yates, Zhen Guan, and B. T. Stokes
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Biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Gangliosides ,medicine ,Animals ,Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ,Tyrosine ,Phosphorylation ,Receptor ,Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ,Ganglioside ,Autophosphorylation ,Tyrosine phosphorylation ,Cell Biology ,3T3 Cells ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Mechanism of action ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Calcium ,medicine.symptom ,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ,Platelet-derived growth factor receptor ,Cell Division - Abstract
Several potential mechanisms through which gangliosides could modulate PDGF-stimulated events in Swiss 3T3 cells were studied using intact cells. Of the gangliosides studied, at low micromolar concentrations GM2 was the only one that inhibited PDGF-stimulated DNA synthesis, but GT1b was the most potent between 25 and 100 μM; GM1 was generally the least effective, and GD1a and GM3 had intermediate effects. All gangliosides tested inhibited the PDGF-stimulated increases in free intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]1) with the rank order of potency being GM1 ⩾ GT1b > GM2 > GM3. PDGF stimulated phosphorylation on tyrosine of a protein with apparent Mr = 170 kDa which was immunoprecipitated by an anti-PDGF receptor (β) antibody, indicating that it is a PDGF receptor. Preincubating the cells with specific gangliosides inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of this protein in a dose-responsive fashion with the following rank order of potency GD1a = GT1b > GM1 > GM2 > GM3. Autoradiography showed that this was due to a decrease in the proportion of cells synthesizing DNA, and a time study showed that ganglioside did not delay entry of the cells into S phase. These effects were not due to gangliosides interfering with PDGF binding to its receptor because results of competitive binding studies showed that none of the gangliosides studied had an effect on either receptor number or affinity, and did not bind to PDGF in solution. These results show that gangliosides affect several specific components of the complex responses to PDGF in intact cells. The relative effectiveness of individual gangliosides, however, varied among the different cellular and molecular responses. This is interpreted to mean that specific gangliosides modulate to different degrees several molecular mechanisms which converge on the common biological response of mitogenesis, and suggests that gangliosides as a family of molecules may function as coordinators of different molecular events involved in complex cellular processes.
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- 1993
354. Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab (BEV) plus chemotherapy in Chinese patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Results from the ARTIST study
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Lu Wang, Jianqing Xu, Shiying Yu, Zhong Zhen Guan, Liang Shen, Jun Liang, Yi Ba, De Shen Wang, F. Feng, and Rongcheng Luo
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Oncology ,Tumor angiogenesis ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,Bevacizumab ,biology ,Colorectal cancer ,business.industry ,VEGF receptors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,humanities ,Vascular endothelial growth factor ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Multicenter study ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,biology.protein ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
e14002 Background: BEV inhibits tumor angiogenesis by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This randomized open-label multicenter study (ARTIST) evaluated the efficacy and safety of...
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- 2010
355. A multicenter, open-label, randomized phase II trial of adenovirus-mediated endostatin gene therapy in combination with paclitaxel and cisplatin chemotherapy in advanced head and neck carcinoma: Preliminary results
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Y. Xia, Xiaoyan Lin, Shuo Li, Zhong Zhen Guan, W. Hu, R. Liu, Lanjun Zhang, Wei Jiang, Jingxun Wu, and W. Huang
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Oncology ,Cisplatin ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Phases of clinical research ,Endostatin Gene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Paclitaxel ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Open label ,business ,Head and neck carcinoma ,medicine.drug - Abstract
e16005 Background: E10A is an adenovirus containing human endostatin gene (Ad-rhE). The phase I clinical trial of E10A revealed that weekly intratumoral injection of up to 1 × 1012 VP of E10A to pa...
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- 2010
356. Gangliosides inhibit platelet-derived growth-factor-stimulated increases in intracellular calcium in Swiss 3T3 cells
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James R. Van Brocklyn, Bradford T. Stokes, Zhen Guan, and Allan J. Yates
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Platelet-derived growth factor ,medicine.medical_treatment ,chemistry.chemical_element ,G(M1) Ganglioside ,Calcium ,Calcium in biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Internal medicine ,Gangliosides ,medicine ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ,Ganglioside ,biology ,Growth factor ,Cell Biology ,3T3 Cells ,Swiss 3T3 Cells ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Fura-2 ,Platelet-derived growth factor receptor ,Intracellular - Abstract
Individual Swiss 3T3 cells stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor delivered by means of a picopump device respond with a brisk, large, and sustained increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). Preincubation of cells with either GM1 or GT1b gangliosides inhibited the proportion of responding cells and caused a dose-related diminution in the magnitude of the increase in [Ca2+]i. This effect of ganglioside is probably part of the mechanism through which gangliosides exert their biological effects, including inhibition of platelet-derived growth-factor-induced mitogenesis.
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- 1992
357. Toll-Like Receptors and Dectin-1, a C-Type Lectin Receptor, Trigger Divergent Functions in CNS Macrophages.
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Gensel, John C., Yan Wang, Zhen Guan, Beckwith, Kyle A., Braun, Kaitlyn J., Ping Wei, McTigue, Dana M., and Popovich, Phillip G.
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TOLL-like receptors ,SPINAL cord injuries ,ZYMOSAN ,NEUROTOXICOLOGY ,LECTINS ,MACROPHAGE activation ,PATTERN recognition systems - Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) activates macrophages, endowing them with both reparative and pathological functions. The mechanisms responsible for these divergent functions are unknown but are likely controlled through stochastic activation of different macrophage receptor subtypes. Various danger-associated molecular patterns released from dying cells in the injured spinal cord likely activate distinct subtypes of macrophage pattern recognition receptors, including bacterial toll-like receptors (TLRs) and fungal C-type lectin receptors (e.g., dectin-1). To determine the in vivo consequences of activating these receptors, ligands specific for TLR2 or dectin-1 were microinjected, alone or in combination, into intact spinal cord. Both ligands elicit a florid macrophage reaction; however, only dectin-1 activation causes macrophage-mediated demyelination and axonal injury. Coactivating TLR2 reduced the injurious effects of dectin-1 activation. When injected into traumatically injured spinal cord, TLR2 agonists enhance the endogenous macrophage reaction while conferring neuroprotection. Indeed, dieback of axons was reduced, leading to smaller lesion volumes at the peak of the macrophage response. Moreover, the density of NG2+ cells expressing vimentin increased in and near lesions that were enriched with TLR2-activated macrophages. In dectin-1-null mutant (knock-out) mice, dieback of corticospinal tract axons also is reduced after SCI. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that the ability of macrophages to create an axon growth-permissive microenvironment or cause neurotoxicity is receptor dependent and it may be possible to exploit this functional dichotomy to enhance CNS repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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358. The relationship between change in tumor size and survival in advanced NSCLC treated with gefitinib
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Junxin Wu, Yujing Zhang, Lemeng Zhang, Zhong Zhen Guan, and Huarong Zhao
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Drug ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tumor size ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Cytostatic agents ,Gefitinib ,Stable Disease ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Tumor regression ,business ,neoplasms ,medicine.drug ,media_common - Abstract
19066 Background: Gefitinib is cytostatic agents. A lot of patients treated with this drug might have stable disease (SD) as their best response, rather than tumor regression. In this study, we ret...
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- 2008
359. The relationship between circulating VEGF level and outcome of advanced Chinese NSCLC treated with gefitinib
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Fen Wang, Zhong Zhen Guan, Lanjun Zhang, Hongyun Zhao, Chenping Zhang, Xiaojian Wu, Jingxun Wu, L. P. Lin, and Yuanyuan Zhao
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,VEGF receptors ,Gastroenterology ,Gefitinib ,Oncology ,Internal medicine ,Immunology ,Plasma concentration ,Overall survival ,Molecular targets ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,Statistical analysis ,business ,After treatment ,medicine.drug - Abstract
19074 Background: VEGF represents a novel molecular target in NSCLC. We aimed to evaluate the association between VEGF plasma concentration, and response, overall survival of Chinese NSCLC patients treated with orally gefitinib (250 mg). Methods: Twenty patients’ blood samples were obtained from Chinese registration trial of gefitinib in NSCLC. Plasma VEGF before treatment (D0) and after treatment on D7, D14 was measured using a commercially available VEGF enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Quantikine human VEGF, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. One-Way ANOVA, Kaplan-Meier method and Cox Regression were used in the statistical analysis. Results: Averaged plasma VEGF concentration on baseline (D0) and D7 and D14 were 92.68 ± 11.91 pg/mL, 112.36 ± 19.12 pg/mL and 159.14 ± 59.71 pg/mL respectively (P=0.406). VEGF concentration on D0 for the patients with CR+PR, SD, and PD were 124.55 pg/mL, 90.18 pg/mL and 74.32 pg/mL respectively (P=0.226) and changed to 66.36 ...
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- 2008
360. Nadaplatin or cisplatin combined with paclitaxol in treating non-small cell lung cancer: A randomized controlled study
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Likun Chen, Guang Chuan Xu, and Zhong Zhen Guan
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Oncology ,Cisplatin ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Platinum Compound ,Treatment effect ,Non small cell ,Lung cancer ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
7689 Background: Nadaplatin is a 2nd generation platinum compound created in Japan. It also has been used in China for recent years and shown treatment effect in several kinds of cancer including lung cancer. However, no randomized clinical trial has been done compared with cisplatin when combined with paclitaxol in treating non-small cell lung cancer. This prospective clinical study is to investigate the treatment effect, long term survival, side effect and quality of life (QOL) of NSCLC patients treated with nadaplatin combined with paclitaxol controlled with cisplatin combined with paclitaxol. Methods: NSCLC patients with stage IIIB or IV were randomized into two groups: TN group- nadaplatin 30 mg/m2 d1–3, paclitaxol 175 mg/m2 d1, repeated every 4 weeks; TP group- DDP30 mg/m2 d1–3, paclitaxol 175 mg/m2 d1, repeated every 4 weeks. The treatment effect, 1 and 2 year survival and the side effect were observed. The functional assessment of cancer therapy-lung (FACT-L) was used to evaluate the quality of life (QOL). Results: Sixty patients were enrolled and 57 were assessable with 30 in TN group and 27 in TP group. The overall response rate were 43.3% vs 48.1% (P=0.716), and the disease control rate were 86.7% vs 88.8% in TN and TP group (P=0.799), respectively. The median survival time were 14.3 vs 13.0 months, and the 1 and 2 year survival were 62.5% vs 59.1%, 0% vs 5.8% in TN and TP group (P=0.839), respectively. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were similar in TN and TP group whereas more patients in TP group suffered from anemia (38.5% vs 17.5%, P=0.001), nausea and vomiting (68.0% vs 34.7% with grade 1 and 2, 14.6% vs 0.9% with grade 3 and 4, P=0.000), fatigue (35.9% vs 14.1% P=0.000) and peripheral neurotoxicity (50.0% vs 21.9%, calculated by case, p=0.023). In the FACT-L assessment, the relationship with doctor, the emotional well-being and the lung cancer related symptom were similarly improved in both TN and TP group whereas physical well-being was improved only in TN group. Conclusions: Nadaplatin combined with paclitaxol is an effective treatment regimen for NSCLC patients. When compared with similar regimen using cisplatin, the response rate and survival were similar; however, nadaplatin regimen shows superiority in some aspects of side effects and QOL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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- 2007
361. Clinical significance of Epstein-Barr Virus DNA load detected pre- and post-radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
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Chong Zhao, Fei Han, Xue Hou, Pei Yu Huang, Lanjun Zhang, Shunrong Li, Huiqiang Huang, Zhong Zhen Guan, and Lianghe Lu
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Cancer Research ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Epstein-Barr virus DNA ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Virus ,Radiation therapy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,medicine ,Clinical significance ,business ,Pre and post ,DNA - Abstract
10558 Background: Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA (EBV DNA) load has been shown to be clinically useful in the detection, monitoring, and prognostication of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the clinical significance of EBV DNA load detected at different time points has not been addressed to our knowledge. In this study, we investigated whether pre- and post-treatment plasma EBV DNA load have different prognostic implications in NPC patients who were treated with radiotherapy. Methods: Plasma samples from 69 patients with primary NPC were collected before and after radiation treatment, and subjected to a real-time quantitative polymerase-chain- reaction assay of EBV DNA load. The pre-treatment primary tumor volume (GTVnx) calculated through CT images and/or MRI were documented. All patients were scheduled to follow up. Results: The pre-treatment plasma EBV DNA concentration was significantly associated with primary tumor volume (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.614; P=0.000). With a cutoff value of 20,000 copies/ml and 0 copies/ml respectively for pre-treatment and post-treatment plasma EBV DNA copy number, patients with lower EBV DNA concentrations had statistically preferable progression-free survival,metastasis-free survival and overall survival compared with those with higher EBV DNA concentrations. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that both pre-treatment EBV DNA load (P=0.050;RR=3.95) and post-treatment EBV DNA load (P=0.001;RR=11.74) were risk factors for metastasis-free survival. When further integrating pre-treatment with post-treatment concentration of EBV DNA, it was demonstrated that whether EBV DNA concentration could be dropped to 0 after treatment dominate the prognostic effect for metastasis-free survival (P=0.000). Conclusions: Pre- and post-treatment plasma EBV DNA have different clinical significance. Pre-treatment plasma EBV DNA is a reliable molecular marker reflecting primary tumor volume. While the clearance of circulating plasma EBV DNA after treatment is a good predictive marker of freedom from distant metastasis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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- 2007
362. A phase II study of R-CHOP in treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) subgroups
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Huayue Lin, S. Wang, J. Xiao, Yun Cao, X. Fu, Tongyu Lin, Jiqun Yi, and Zhong Zhen Guan
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Cancer Research ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tissue microarray ,business.industry ,Phases of clinical research ,medicine.disease ,Gene expression profiling ,Oncology ,immune system diseases ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,medicine ,business ,Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ,Gene - Abstract
17540 Background: Recent studies with genes expression profiling and tissue microarray have divided the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) into prognostically important subgroups with germinal center B cell like (GCB) and non-GCB. However, these results are based on the samples of patients who were received standard CHOP regimen. Combination with CHOP and Rituximab (R-CHOP) has been proved to improve the survival of patients with DLBCL. To evaluate the efficacy of R-CHOP in different subgroups of DLBCL, this phase II study has been conducted. Methods: Previously untreated patients with DLBCL were enrolled in this study. No upper age limit was specified. Patients received six cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab 375 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2, doxorubicin 50 mg/m2, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2, and prednisone 40 mg/m2 for 5 days) every 3 weeks. Immunohistochemical stains on paraffin-embedded tissues from diagnostic biopsies from these patients with antibodies against GCB cell (CD10 and Bcl-6) and activation (MUM1). These patients are divided into GCB and non-GCB groups according to the expression of antibodies against CD10, BCL-6 and MUM1. Results: A total of 64 patients were evaluated, 19 in GCB group and 45 in non-GCB group. Complete Remission (CR) rate was achieved 57.9% and 53.3%, in GCB group and in non-GCB group, respectively. (p = 0.737). A median follow-up of 2.2 years, the two-year failure free survival was no different between two groups (p = 0.566). Conclusions: In patients with GCB group or non-GCB group of DLBCL, addition of Rituximab in CHOP regimen, preliminary result was showed in similar response and survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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- 2006
363. Prognostic value of hemoglobin in natural killer cell lymphoma
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X. Fu, Yun Cao, Chengcheng Guo, Tongyu Lin, Zhong Zhen Guan, Linzhu Zhai, and J. Xiao
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,Univariate analysis ,Pathology ,Multivariate analysis ,business.industry ,Population ,Blastic NK cell lymphoma ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Immunohistochemistry ,education ,business ,Pathological ,Survival analysis - Abstract
17557 Background: Natural Killer (NK) cell lymphoma is a group of increasingly recognized but poorly defined disease entities. This study investigated its clinical features and prognostic factors for southern China population. Methods: Patients with pathologically confirmed NK cell lymphoma in one center since 1999 to 2004 were included. Central histological and immunohistochemical review was undertaken to every case. The major study endpoint was overall survival. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Detailed clinical, pathological and laboratory data were included in univariate analysis and statistically significant factors in univariate analysis were then included in multivariate analysis. Results: Totally 64 eligible patients were identified. Of these, 59 patients were extranodal NK cell lymphoma nasal type, 3 patients were aggressive NK cell lymphoma and 2 patients were blastic NK cell lymphoma. From the basic analysis, 47% of the patients had stage I disease, 42% were stage II, 11% were stage III or IV. B-symptoms were present in 39%. 73% of these patients had International Prognostic Index (IPI) 0 or 1. Before treatment, 25% complicated with anemia. As to the therapy, 38% received chemotherapy alone, 3% received radiotherapy alone and 59% received a multidisciplinary therapy. After initial therapy, 59% achieved CR, 22% achieved PR and 19% were refractory disease. With a median follow-up duration of 20 months, the median overall survival was 28 months (95% CI: 10, 45). Hb lower than 110 g/l before treatment was statistically significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.031). Presenting B-symptoms and ECOG PS score higher than 1 were also independent prognostic factors (P = 0.001 and 0.006 respectively). Conclusions: The outcome of patients with NK cell lymphoma was poor even for Stage I or II cases. Our data suggested Hemoglobin < 110 g/l had more prognostic value than IPI and Ann Arbor staging system for NK cell lymphoma in southern China, but it needs further confirmation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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- 2006
364. Oxaliplatin/CF/5-FU versus paclitaxel/CF/5-FU in patients with advanced gastric cancer: A phase II clinical trial
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Youjian He, Zhong Zhen Guan, S. Wang, Tongyu Lin, W. Tian, and Fei Xu
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Advanced gastric cancer ,Oxaliplatin ,Surgery ,law.invention ,Clinical trial ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Paclitaxel ,chemistry ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,In patient ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
14014 Background: Although many randomized trials of chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer have been reported during the past two decades, no standard regimens worldwide have been established yet. Now Paclitaxel and Oxaliplatin have shown promising activity in advanced gastric cancer. We prospectively evaluated toxicity, efficacy and survival of Oxaliplatin /CF/5-FU versus Paclitaxel/CF/5-FU. Methods: Metastatic or locally advanced gastric cancer; performance status (PS) 0–2. Patients (pts) were enrolled and randomized into arm A with Oxaliplatin 100mg/m2, 5-FU 400 mg/m2 bolus, FA 200 mg/m2 2h, 5-FU 2500 mg/m2 46h, q2w or into arm B with Paclitaxel 80 mg/m2, 5-FU 400 mg/m2 bolus, FA 200 mg/m2 2h, 5-FU 2500 mg/m2 46h, q2w. Results: From 2000 to 2005, (A/B) 46/43 pts were enrolled into this study. Median age (52/50 y), gender, PS, localization and numbers of metastatic sites were comparable for both arms. Pts who were not chemotherapy naive in A/B (% of pts) were 41.3/33.3. All pts were eligible and evaluable for toxicity and response. Overall response (CR+PR) rate for A/B (% of pts): 37.0/47.2 (p No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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- 2006
365. Preliminary analysis of biomarkers in plasma by SELDI to predict the response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in NSCLC patients
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Zhong Zhen Guan, Lanjun Zhang, Fei Xu, Xun Wang, Xiayin Zhang, Zhenkui Pan, and L. Ning
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Training set ,Plasma samples ,business.industry ,EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ,Bioinformatics ,Preliminary analysis ,Egfr tki ,Egfr mutation ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,business - Abstract
7189 Background: The identification of NSCLC patients who are most likely to respond to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been investigated intensively. Although screenings for EGFR mutation and gene copy number are promising, these tests are not yet widely available. New predictor markers are urgently needed. The objective of this study was to identify proteomic markers in plasma to predict benefits for patients treated with EGFR TKIs. Methods: Proteomic spectra derived from plasma samples from EGFR TKIs-responsive patients and non-responsive patients were generated by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS). These proteomic spectra (WCX2 chips, Ciphergen Biosystems, Inc.) were then analyzed by comparing protein profiles in different response groups (PR Vs PD, training set). Another group of patients treaded with EGFR TKIs will be serving as testing set to validate the result of training set. Results: Totally, fifty-four advanced NSCLC patients were included in this study. All patients were treated with single agent of gefitinib or erlotinib. Twenty-nine patients were included in training set of this study. All were suitable for response evaluation. Ten patients (34.5%) were PR, 8 (27.6%) were SD, and 11 (37.9%) were progressive disease (PD). Total six significant protein peaks were significant (m/z 4288, 4595, 9191, 9349, 9397, and 9563) between PR group and PD group (table). Another twenty-five patients were included for testing set. Analyzing of testing set is still going on. Table shows PR and PD patients’ plasma comparison on WCX2 chips. Conclusions: This preliminary “training” set of spectra that uses SELDI-TOF MS technology found that six protein peaks seemed to be very important biomarkers to predict the response to gefitinib. Prospective tests to confirm these proteins and peptides will be present at this meeting. These results are promising for identifying new biomarkers of EGFR TKIs with SELDI. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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- 2006
366. The status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations at exon 19 and 21 in Chinese patients with NSCLC
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J. Chang, Z. K. Pan, Lanjun Zhang, Ning Li, Zhong Zhen Guan, Xiu-Ping Zhang, and Xuehao Wang
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Cancer Research ,Somatic cell ,Biology ,Molecular biology ,respiratory tract diseases ,Exon ,Gefitinib ,Oncology ,Egfr mutation ,Cancer research ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Epidermal growth factor receptor ,neoplasms ,Egfr tyrosine kinase ,medicine.drug - Abstract
7097 Background: Recently, two studies by Paez and Lynch show that somatic mutations in EGFR tyrosine kinase(TK) domain are associated with sensitivity of NSCLC to gefitinib. The mutations were clu...
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- 2005
367. A tolerability study of a cremophor free, nanoparticle albumin bound paclitaxel intravenously administered in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumor
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X. Teng, M. J. Hawkins, N. Zhou, Zhong Zhen Guan, H. Luo, Z. Yao, D. Liu, and P. Soon-Shiong
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Cancer Research ,business.industry ,Nanoparticle ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Therapeutic index ,Oncology ,Albumin bound paclitaxel ,Paclitaxel ,chemistry ,Tolerability Study ,Medicine ,business ,Advanced Solid Tumor - Abstract
5571 Background: Capxol (ABI-007, Abraxane) is an albumin-bound, nanoparticle form of paclitaxel with an improved therapeutic index that may be related to biological interactions with endogenous al...
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- 2005
368. RP-HPLC determination of puerarin in Chinese traditional medicinal preparations containing pueraria
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Yu, Bing-Sheng, primary, Yan, Xiao-Pin, additional, Zhen, Guan-Bin, additional, and Rao, Yan-Pin, additional
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- 2002
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369. Phase II study of gemcitabine single agent for patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who failed to first line platinum-based chemotherapy
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Yiping Zhang, Zhong Zhen Guan, and Lanjun Zhang
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,First line ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Phases of clinical research ,medicine.disease ,Gemcitabine ,chemistry ,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Single agent ,Platinum ,business ,Toxicity profile ,medicine.drug - Abstract
5612 Background: This single arm phase II study was to evaluate efficacy and toxicity profile of gemcitabine single agent in previously treated NPC patients who failed to first line platinum based ...
- Published
- 2004
370. Autonomic Dysreflexia Causes Chronic Immune Suppression after Spinal Cord Injury.
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Yi Zhang, Zhen Guan, Reader, Brenda, Shawler, Todd, Mandrekar-Colucci, Shweta, Kun Huang, Weil, Zachary, Bratasz, Anna, Wells, Jonathan, Powell, Nicole D., Sheridan, John F., Whitacre, Caroline C., Rabchevsky, Alexander G., Nash, Mark S., and Popovich, Phillip G.
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AUTONOMIC dysreflexia , *IMMUNOSUPPRESSION , *SPINAL cord injuries , *DISEASE complications , *PULMONARY embolism , *DATA analysis - Abstract
Autonomic dysreflexia (AD), a potentially dangerous complication of high-level spinal cord injury (SCI) characterized by exaggerated activation of spinal autonomic (sympathetic) reflexes, can cause pulmonary embolism, stroke, and, in severe cases, death. People with high-level SCI also are immune compromised, rendering them more susceptible to infectious morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms underlying postinjury immune suppression are not known. Data presented herein indicate that AD causes immune suppression. Using in vivo telemetry, we show that AD develops spontaneously in SCI mice with the frequency of dysreflexic episodes increasing as a function of time postinjury. As the frequency of AD increases, there is a corresponding increase in splenic leucopenia and immune suppression. Experimental activation of spinal sympathetic reflexes in SCI mice (e.g., via colorectal distension) elicits AD and exacerbates immune suppression via a mechanism that involves aberrant accumulation of norepinephrine and glucocorticoids. Reversal of postinjury immune suppression in SCI mice can be achieved by pharmaco-logical inhibition of receptors for norepinephrine and glucocorticoids during the onset and progression of AD. In a human subject with C5 SCI, stimulating the micturition reflex caused AD with exaggerated catecholamine release and impaired immune function, thus confirming the relevance of the mouse data. These data implicate AD as a cause of secondary immune deficiency after SCI and reveal novel therapeutic targets for overcoming infectious complications that arise due to deficits in immune function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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371. Phase I clinical trial of the novel platin complex dicycloplatin: clinical and pharmacokinetic results.
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Su Li, He Huang, Hai Liao, Jing Zhan, Yin Guo, Ben-yan Zou, Wen-qi Jiang, Zhong-zhen Guan, and Xu-qing Yang
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- 2013
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372. A Mouse Model of Ischemic Spinal Cord Injury with Delayed Paralysis Caused by Aortic Cross-clamping.
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Awad, Hamdy, Ankeny, Daniel P., Zhen Guan, Ping Wei, McTigue, Dana M., and Popovich, Phillip G.
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- 2010
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373. The role of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma among endemic population: a meta-analysis of the phase iii randomized trials.
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Li Zhang, Chong Zhao, Ghimire, Bijesh, Ming-Huang Hong, Qing Liu, Yang Zhang, Ying Guo, Yi-Jun Huang, and Zhong-Zhen Guan
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DRUG therapy ,RADIOTHERAPY ,META-analysis ,CANCER ,CLINICAL trials - Abstract
Background: The main objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the clinical benefit of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) compared with radiation alone (RT) in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in endemic geographic areas. Methods: Using a prospective meta-analysis protocol, two independent investigators reviewed the publications and extracted the data. Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which patients with NPC in endemic areas were randomly assigned to receive CCRT or RT alone were included. Results: Seven trials (totally 1608 patients) were eligible. Risk ratios (RRs) of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.50 to 0.80), 0.76 (95% CI, 0.61 to 0.93) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.62 to 0.89) were observed for 2, 3 and 5 years OS respectively in favor of the CCRT group. The RRs were larger than that detected in the previously reported meta-analyses (including both endemic and non-endemic), indicating that the relative benefit of survival was smaller than what considered before. Conclusions: This is the first meta-analysis of CCRT vs. RT alone in NPC treatment which included studies only done in endemic area. The results confirmed that CCRT was more beneficial compared with RT alone. However, the relative benefit of CCRT in endemic population might be less than that from previous meta-analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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374. B cells produce pathogenic antibodies and impair recovery after spinal cord injury in mice.
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Ankeny, Daniel R., Zhen Guan, Popovich, Phillip G., Ankeny, Daniel P, and Guan, Zhen
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SPINAL cord injuries , *IMMUNE response , *LYMPHOCYTES , *PATHOGENIC microorganisms , *B cells , *LABORATORY mice - Abstract
Traumatic injury to the mammalian spinal cord activates B cells, which culminates in the synthesis of autoantibodies. The functional significance of this immune response is unclear. Here, we show that locomotor recovery was improved and lesion pathology was reduced after spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice lacking B cells. After SCI, antibody-secreting B cells and Igs were present in the cerebrospinal fluid and/or injured spinal cord of WT mice but not mice lacking B cells. In mice with normal B cell function, large deposits of antibody and complement component 1q (C1q) accumulated at sites of axon pathology and demyelination. Antibodies produced after SCI caused pathology, in part by activating intraspinal complement and cells bearing Fc receptors. These data indicate that B cells, through the production of antibodies, affect pathology in SCI. One or more components of this pathologic immune response could be considered as novel therapeutic targets for minimizing tissue injury and/or promoting repair after SCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
375. Superior efficacy of a Cremophor-free albumin-bound paclitaxel compared with solvent-based paclitaxel in Chinese patients with metastatic breast cancer.
- Author
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Zhong-Zhen GUAN, Qing Li LI, Fengyi FENG, Zefei JIANG, Zhenzhou SHEN, Shiying YU, Jifeng FEN, Jianjin HUANG, Zhiwen YAO, and Paul BHAR
- Subjects
- *
PACLITAXEL , *BREAST cancer , *DRUG efficacy , *ALBUMINS , *CANCER chemotherapy - Abstract
Aim: In a previous study, a 130-nm nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel ( nab-paclitaxel) demonstrated improved efficacy and safety profile compared with solvent-based paclitaxel (sb-paclitaxel) in Caucasian patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The aim of the present randomized study was to compare the response rates and safety profile of nab-paclitaxel with sb-paclitaxel in Chinese patients with MBC. Methods: In the present open-label, multicenter study, 210 patients with MBC were randomly assigned to receive nab-paclitaxel 260 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.) over 30 min every 3 weeks (q3w) with no premedication or sb-paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 i.v. over 3 h q3w with standard premedication. Results: The overall response rate was 54 and 29% in patients treated with nab-paclitaxel and sb-paclitaxel, respectively ( P < 0.001). nab-paclitaxel induced a higher response rate in patients who were <65 years old, patients who were receiving first-line therapy, patients who had no prior anthracycline therapy, patients who had ≤ or >3 metastatic lesions, and patients who had visceral disease. The progression-free survival (PFS) period was 7.6 months for nab-paclitaxel and 6.2 months for sb-paclitaxel ( P = 0.118). Despite the 49% higher paclitaxel dose in patients receiving nab-paclitaxel compared with patients receiving sb-paclitaxel, the safety profile was similar in both treatment groups. The most common grades 3 and 4 adverse event (AE) in both arms was neutropenia. The most common grade 3 nonhematologic AE was peripheral neuropathy, and no grade 4 peripheral neuropathy was observed. Conclusion: Compared with sb-paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel demonstrated superior efficacy, an acceptable safety profile, and a trend toward increased PFS in patients with MBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
376. Macrophages Promote Axon Regeneration with Concurrent Neurotoxicity.
- Author
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Gensel, John C., Nakamura, Satoshi, Zhen Guan, van Rooijen, Nico, Ankeny, Daniel P., and Popovich, Phillip G.
- Subjects
MACROPHAGES ,AXONS ,KILLER cells ,NERVOUS system ,NEURONS - Abstract
Activated macrophages can promote regeneration of CNS axons. However, macrophages also release factors that kill neurons. These opposing functions are likely induced simultaneously but are rarely considered together in the same experimental preparation. A goal of this study was to unequivocally document the concurrent neurotoxic and neuroregenerative potential of activated macrophages. To do so, we quantified the length and magnitude of axon growth from enhanced green fluorescent protein-expressing dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons transplanted into the spinal cord in relationship to discrete foci of activated macrophages. Macrophages were activated via intraspinal injections of zymosan, a potent inflammatory stimulus known to increase axon growth and cause neurotoxicity. Using this approach, a significant increase in axon growth up to macrophage foci was evident. Within and adjacent to macrophages, DRG and spinal cord axons were destroyed. Macrophage toxicity became more evident when zymosan was injected closer to DRG soma. Under these conditions, DRG neurons were killed or their ability to extend axons was dramatically impaired. The concurrent induction of proregenerative and neurotoxic functions in zymosan-activated macrophages (ZAMs) was confirmed in vitro using DRG and cortical neurons. Importantly, the ability of ZAMs to stimulate axon growth was transient; prolonged exposure to factors produced by ZAMs enhanced cell death and impaired axon growth in surviving neurons. Lipopolysaccharide, another potent macrophage activator, elicited a florid macrophage response, but without enhancing axon growth or notable toxicity. Together, these data show that a single mode of activation endows macrophages with the ability to simultaneously promote axon regeneration and cell killing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
377. Intensive chemotherapy improved treatment outcome for Chinese children and adolescents with lymphoblastic lymphoma.
- Author
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Xiao-Fei Sun, Zhong-Jun Xia, Zi-Jun Zhen, Xiao-Juan Xiang, Yi Xia, Jia-Yu Ling, Dong-Gen Liu, Hui-Qiang Huang, Lei Zhen, Wen-Biao Luo, Hui Lin, and Zhong-Zhen Guan
- Subjects
LYMPHOBLASTIC leukemia in children ,DRUG therapy ,MEDICAL protocols ,TOXICITY testing ,RADIOTHERAPY ,LEUKEMIA treatment - Abstract
Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a highly aggressive lymphoma, for which intensive chemotherapy is necessary. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a modified acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM)-90-based protocol in Chinese children and adolescents with LBL. From March 1998 to November 2006, 60 untreated patients with LBL (age <18 years) from a single institution were enrolled. All patients were treated with the modified ALL-BFM-90 protocol, and prophylactic cranial radiotherapy was omitted. The median age of the patients was 10 years (range, 2.5–18 years). Forty-eight (80%) patients had T-cell LBL, and 59 (98.3%) of the patients were stage III/IV. At the end of induction remission Ia (day 33), 3 patients had died of treatment-related toxicity. In the remaining 57 patients, complete remission (CR) or CR undetermined (CRu) had occurred in 47 (82.45%), who were designated as the moderate-risk group and partial remission (PR) had occurred in 10 patients (17.54%), who were designated the high-risk group. All patients experienced grade 3–4 hematological toxicity. At a median follow-up of 35 months, event-free survival was 78.81% ± 0.05 for all patients; the figure was 88.34% ± 0.05 for the moderate-risk group (90.91% ± 0.08 for stage III, 87.68% ± 0.06 for stage IV, 100% for those with B-cell LBL, 84.78% ± 0.06 for those with T-cell LBL, and 82.94% ± 0.08 for stage IV patients with more than 25% blast cells in bone marrow [BM]). The event-free survival in the high-risk group was 60% ± 0.15. This modified ALL-BFM-90 protocol is an effective regimen and it greatly improved the survival rate of Chinese children and adolescents with LBL compared with the ALL protocols used previously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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378. The effectiveness of lamivudine in preventing hepatitis B viral reactivation in rituximab-containing regimen for lymphoma.
- Author
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Yi-Fu He, Yu-Hong Li, Feng-Hua Wang, Wen-Qi Jiang, Rui-Hua Xu, Xiao-Fei Sun, Zhong-Jun Xia, Hui-Qiang Huang, Tong-Yu Lin, Li Zhang, Shi-Ping Bao, You-Jian He, and Zhong-zhen Guan
- Subjects
HEPATITIS B virus ,RITUXIMAB ,LYMPHOMAS ,DRUG therapy ,HODGKIN'S disease - Abstract
In rituximab-containing regimen for lymphoma, the role of lamivudine therapy has not been well established. Therefore, in this nonrandomized phase II clinical study, hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers with B-cell lymphoma who received rituximab-containing regimen were treated with oral administration of lamivudine. The incidence and severity of hepatitis along with other adverse clinical outcomes were analyzed. Between January 2003 and March 2006, 29 consecutive patients were enrolled. Four of the 29 patients (13.8%) developed hepatitis during chemotherapy, none of which was attributed to HBV reactivation. According to WHO acute toxicity assessment criteria, the severity of hepatitis was grade I in two patients (6.9%) and grade II in two patients (6.9%). In these four patients, only one (3.5%) had interval delay in chemotherapy. No patient had total abnormal bilirubin. No patient had died as the result of hepatitis during the treatment. Interestingly, one of the 29 patients developed HBV activation 5.1 months after the withdrawal of lamivudine. This patient recovered after reinstallation of lamivudine therapy and is still alive. Consequently, our study confirmed previous reports that prophylactic lamivudine therapy can prevent HBV reactivation in HBV carriers who were receiving rituximab-containing regimen for lymphoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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379. A Pilot Study of Oxaliplatin, Fluorouracil and Folinic Acid (FOLFOX-6) as First-Line Chemotherapy in Advanced or Recurrent Gastric Cancer.
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Hui-Yan Luo, Rui-Hua Xu, Li Zhang, Yu-Hong Li, Yan-Xia Shi, Tong-Yu Lin, Bing Han, Feng Wang, Miao-Zhen Qiu, You-Jian He, and Zhong-Zhen Guan
- Subjects
OXALIPLATIN ,FLUOROURACIL ,FOLINIC acid ,DRUG therapy ,GASTROINTESTINAL diseases ,MEDICAL care research - Abstract
Background: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of an oxaliplatin, fluorouracil (5-FU), and folinic acid (FOLFOX-6) combination therapy in patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer. Methods: Patients with previously untreated advanced or recurrent gastric cancer received oxaliplatin 100 mg/m
2 and leucovorin 400 mg/m2 (2-hour intravenous infusion) followed by a 5-FU bolus of 400 mg/m2 (10-min infusion) and then 5-FU 2,600–3,000 mg/m2 (46-hour continuous infusion). The chemotherapy was repeated every 14 days. Results: Fifty-one patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 46 were assessable for efficacy, and all patients were assessable for toxicity. Three of 51 patients achieved a complete response, and 18 had partial responses, giving an overall response rate of 41.2%. Stable disease was observed in 11 (21.6%) patients and progressive disease in 14 (27.5%). The median time to progression was 5.4 months, and the median overall survival was 12.1 months. NCI-CTC grade 3/4 hematological toxicities were neutropenia and anemia in 9.8 and 7.8% of the patients, respectively. Grade 3 peripheral neuropathy was recorded in 3 (5.9%) patients. Other NCI-CTC grade 3 or 4 toxicities included diarrhea in 3 patients (5.9%) and vomiting in 5 (9.8%). There were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusions: This oxaliplatin/5-FU/folinic acid regimen shows good efficacy and an acceptable toxicity profile in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer patients; further clinical trials are warranted. Copyright © 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2008
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380. Phase II clinical study of gemcitabine in the treatment of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma after the failure of platinum-based chemotherapy.
- Author
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Li Zhang, Yang Zhang, Pei-Yu Huang, Fei Xu, Pei-Jian Peng, and Zhong-Zhen Guan
- Subjects
DRUG therapy ,CANCER patients ,TUMORS ,SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma ,THERAPEUTICS ,PHARMACOLOGY - Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the anti-tumor activity and toxicity profile of gemcitabine in the treatment of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who had been pretreated with platinum-based chemotherapy. This is an open label, single arm phase II trial. All patients were treated with single agent of gemcitabine. Gemcitabine was given in the dosage of 1.0 g/m
2 on days 1, 8, 15, each cycle repeated every 4 weeks. Gemcitabine was added to 100 ml normal saline infused over 30 min. About 32 patients were enrolled in this trial. Thirty patients were assessable for response to treatment. Fourteen patients had a partial response (PR), giving an overall response rate of 43.8% (14/32); 9 patients had stable disease (28.1%) and 7 progressed disease (21.9%). The median time to progression was 5.1 months and median survival time was 16 months, 1 year survival rate was 67%, 2 year overall survival rate was 12%. A total of 11 patients (34.4%) experienced grade 3 and 4 toxicity and the main toxicity was myelosuppression. the non-hematology toxicity was minimal. The effectiveness of gemcitabine was higher and side effects were minimal in advanced NPC patients after platinum-based chemotherapy failed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2008
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381. High incidence of hepatitis B virus infection in B‐cell subtype non‐Hodgkin lymphoma compared with other cancers.
- Author
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Feng Wang, Rui‐hua Xu, Bing Han, Yan‐xia Shi, Hui‐yan Luo, Wen‐qi Jiang, Tong‐yu Lin, Hui‐qiang Huang, Zhong‐jun Xia, and Zhong‐zhen Guan
- Subjects
HEPATITIS B virus ,BIOMARKERS ,ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay ,CANCER research ,CHINESE people - Abstract
The authors investigated the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by using serologic markers in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) compared with other types of cancers in Chinese patients.In this case‐control study, HBV and other hepatitis markers were compared between a study group and a control group. The study group included 587 patients with NHL (age range, 16–86 years), and the control group included 1237 patients (age range, 16–89 years) who were diagnosed with other cancers except liver cancer. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to test serum samples from both groups for HBV markers and other hepatitis markers.Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a higher prevalence of HBV infection in patients with the B‐cell subtype of NHL (30.2%) than in patients with other cancers (14.8%; odds ratio [OR], 2.6; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.0–3.4); however, in patients with the T‐cell subtype of NHL, the HBV infection rate (19.8%) was similar to that among patients with other cancers (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.8–1.8). A significant difference in HBV prevalence was found between B‐cell and T‐cell NHL (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.4–3.6). In the patients with B‐cell NHL, those who were infected with HBV had a significantly earlier disease onset (9.5 years) than those who were not infected with HBV.The current results demonstrated that patients with B‐cell NHL, but not patients with T‐cell NHL, had a higher prevalence of HBV infection. HBV infection was associated with a significantly earlier disease onset (P < .001), a finding that suggested the possibility that HBV may play an etiologic role in the induction of B‐cell NHL. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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382. Passive or Active Immunization with Myelin Basic Protein Impairs Neurological Function and Exacerbates Neuropathology after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.
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Jones, T. Bucky, Ankeny, Daniel P., Zhen Guan, McGaughy, Violeta, Fisher, Lesley C., Basso, D. Michele, and Popovich, Phillip G.
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T cells ,SPINAL cord injuries ,CENTRAL nervous system ,NEUROLOGICAL disorders ,MAMMALS ,VACCINATION ,CELL physiology ,POWER transmission ,SIMPLE machines - Abstract
Myelin-reactive T-cells are activated by traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in rodents and humans. Despite the historical association of these cells with experimental and clinical neuropathology, recent data suggest a neuroprotective role for myelin-reactive T-cells. Because of the biological and therapeutic implications of these findings, we attempted to reproduce the original neuroprotective vaccine protocols in a model of rat SCI. Specifically, MBP-reactive T-cell function was enhanced in SCI rats via passive or active immunization. Locomotor function was assessed using a standardized locomotor rating scale (Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale) and was correlated with myelin and axon sparing. The functional and anatomical integrity of the rubrospinal pathway also was analyzed using the inclined plane test and anatomical tract tracing. MBP-immunized rats exhibited varying degrees of functional impairment, exacerbated lesion pathology, greater rubrospinal neuron loss, increased intraspinal T-cell accumulation, and enhanced macrophage activation relative to SCI control groups. These data are consistent with the conventional view of myelin-reactive T-cells as pathological effector cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
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383. Hyperthyroid adult rat cardiomyocytes. II. Single cell electrophysiology and free calcium transients.
- Author
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QIAN LI, ZHEN GUAN, BIAGI, BRUCE A., STOKES, BRADFORD T., and ALTSCHULD, RUTH A.
- Published
- 1989
384. Hyperthyroid adult rat cardiomyocytes. II. Single cell electrophysiology and free calcium transients
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Ruth A. Altschuld, Qian Li, B. A. Biagi, Zhen Guan, and Bradford T. Stokes
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endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Physiology ,Fluorescence spectrometry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Action Potentials ,Calcium ,Hyperthyroidism ,Calcium in biology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Myocyte ,Repolarization ,Animals ,Euthyroid ,Chemistry ,Myocardium ,Isoproterenol ,Heart ,Cell Biology ,Resting potential ,Rats ,Electrophysiology ,Endocrinology ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
The effects of hyperthyroidism on electrophysiological properties and intracellular free calcium transients in single adult rat cardiomyocytes were studied using conventional microelectrodes and time-resolved single cell fura-2 fluorescence microscopy. Under control conditions, resting membrane potentials and triggered action potentials were not different in euthyroid and hyperthyroid myocytes. Calcium transients produced by electrical stimulation, however, were markedly abbreviated in hyperthyroid myocytes. During a train of stimuli, the duration of the calcium transients at half peak amplitude (half time) was 124 +/- 14 ms at the fifth beat in hyperthyroid cells vs. 287 +/- 35 ms in euthyroid cells. Isoproterenol (1 microM) prolonged time to 50% repolarization (APD50) of the action potentials and increased the peak calcium transients in both euthyroid and hyperthyroid myocytes. It also shortened the half time of the calcium transients in euthyroid myocytes but had little effect on the half time in hyperthyroid cells. These data are consistent with the electrophysiology and mechanical performance in intact euthyroid and hyperthyroid cardiac tissues, and the intrinsic changes in hyperthyroid tissues can therefore be illustrated in single ventricular myocytes. Furthermore, the results suggest that alterations in intracellular calcium handling by sarcoplasmic reticulum may account for contractile changes of the heart induced by hyperthyroidism.
- Published
- 1989
385. Influence of ammonia on leaching behaviors of incineration fly ash and its geochemical modeling
- Author
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Thomas Fruergaard Astrup, Zhen Zhen Guan, and De Zhen Chen
- Subjects
Models, Chemical ,Waste Management ,Ammonia ,Incineration ,Cities ,Coal Ash ,Refuse Disposal - Abstract
Incineration fly ash could be contaminated with NH3 that was slipped from the ammonia-based selective non-catalytic reduction(SNCR) process and from evaporation of municipal solid wastes' leachate involved in the wastes. This research was conducted to investigate the impacts of ammonia on leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and metals from incineration fly ash in the pH range of 3.66-12.44 with an active ammonia spike. A geochemical modeling software Visual MINTEQ was adopted to calculate the chemical speciation of metals under the leaching conditions to reveal the mechanism behind the impacts. It was proved that at pH9, the leaching of DOC increased significantly in the presence of high concentrations of ammonia (or = 1 357 mg x L(-1)), but there was little effect when the ammonia level in eluates was not higher than 537 mg x L(-1). At pH6, metals in fly ash were released mainly in the form of free metal ions and chloride complexes, which were little influenced by ammonia; while at pH 8-12, higher concentrations of ammonia (or = 3 253 mg x L(-1)) mobilized Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn significantly due to the formation of soluble metal-ammonia complexes, and the leaching rates reached their peaks at pH around 9; however, ammonia had little impacts on Al and Pb leaching within this pH range. At pH12, for Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn, their leaching species were predominantly in the form of hydroxide complexes. Under the ammonia concentration of 3253 mg x L(-1), the Visual MINTEQ modeling results were compared with the experimental data, and it was proved that the leaching of Al, Pb and Zn was mainly controlled by precipitation/dissolution modeling, while Cd, Cu and Ni were controlled by precipitation/dissolution and surface complexation/precipitation processes; Visual MINTEQ modeling could well describe the leaching behaviors of Al, Cu, Pb and Zn from incineration fly ash.
386. BNC Position Estimation for an Automated Testing Facility in the Production of Oscilloscope
- Author
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Zhen Guan Tan, Abdul-Malik H. Y. Saad, Antar Shaddad H. Abdul-Qawy, Adnan Haider Yusef Sa'd, Nayef. A.M. Alduais, Abdullah B. Nasser, Waheed Ali H.M. Ghanem, and Bander Ali Saleh Al-rimy
387. Effects of gossypol acetic acid on rat luteal cells in vitro
- Author
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Nai-Gong, Wang, primary, Mu-Zhen, Guan, additional, and Hai-Peng, Lei, additional
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
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388. Calcium transients and electrophysiology in myocytes from young and senescent rats
- Author
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Bruce A. Biagi, David L. Groden, Zhen Guan, Ruth A. Altsehuld, and Bradford T. Stokes
- Subjects
Electrophysiology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Myocyte ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Medicine ,Calcium ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Full Text
- View/download PDF
389. Thoracic VGluT2+ Spinal Interneurons Regulate Structural and Functional Plasticity of Sympathetic Networks after High-Level Spinal Cord Injury.
- Author
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Noble, Benjamin T., Brennan, Faith H., Yan Wang, Zhen Guan, Xiaokui Mo, Schwab, Jan M., and Popovich, Phillip G.
- Subjects
- *
SPINAL cord injuries , *INTERNEURONS , *DESIGNER drugs , *SPINAL cord , *DYSAUTONOMIA - Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) above the major spinal sympathetic outflow (T6 level) disinhibits sympathetic neurons from supraspinal control, causing systems-wide "dysautonomia." We recently showed that remarkable structural remodeling and plasticity occurs within spinal sympathetic circuitry, creating abnormal sympathetic reflexes that exacerbate dysautonomia over time. As an example, thoracic VGluT2+ spinal interneurons (SpINs) become structurally and functionally integrated with neurons that comprise the spinal-splenic sympathetic network and immunological dysfunction becomes progressively worse after SCI. To test whether the onset and progression of SCI-induced sympathetic plasticity is neuron activity dependent, we selectively inhibited (or excited) thoracic VGluT2+ interneurons using chemogenetics. New data show that silencing VGluT2+ interneurons in female and male mice with a T3 SCI, using hM4Di designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (Gi DREADDs), blocks structural plasticity and the development of dysautonomia. Specifically, silencing VGluT2+ interneurons prevents the structural remodeling of spinal sympathetic networks that project to lymphoid and endocrine organs, reduces the frequency of spontaneous autonomic dysreflexia (AD), and reduces the severity of experimentally induced AD. Features of SCI-induced structural plasticity can be recapitulated in the intact spinal cord by activating excitatory hM3Dq-DREADDs in VGluT2+ interneurons. Collectively, these data implicate VGluT2+ excitatory SpINs in the onset and propagation of SCI-induced structural plasticity and dysautonomia, and reveal the potential for neuromodulation to block or reduce dysautonomia after severe high-level SCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
390. The mechanism of enriched environment repairing the learning and memory impairment in offspring of prenatal stress by regulating the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated and insulin-like growth factor-2 in hippocampus
- Author
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Su-zhen Guan, You-juan Fu, Feng Zhao, Hong-ya Liu, Xiao-hui Chen, Fa-qiu Qi, Zhi-hong Liu, and Tzi Bun Ng
- Subjects
Enriched environment ,Prenatal stress ,Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) ,Activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein (Arc) ,Learning and memory ,Su-zhen Guan and You-juan Fu are coauthors of the paper. ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Prenatal stress can cause neurobiological and behavioral defects in offspring; environmental factors play a crucial role in regulating the development of brain and behavioral; this study was designed to test and verify whether an enriched environment can repair learning and memory impairment in offspring rats induced by prenatal stress and to explore its mechanism involving the expression of insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) and activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein (Arc) in the hippocampus of the offspring. Methods Rats were selected to establish a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model during pregnancy. Offspring were weaned on 21st day and housed under either standard or an enriched environment. The learning and memory ability were tested using Morris water maze and Y-maze. The expression of IGF-2 and Arc mRNA and protein were respectively measured by using RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results There was an elevation in the plasma corticosterone level of rat model of maternal chronic stress during pregnancy. Maternal stress’s offspring exposed to an enriched environment could decrease their plasma corticosterone level and improve their weight. The offspring of maternal stress during pregnancy exhibited abnormalities in Morris water maze and Y-maze, which were improved in an enriched environment. The expression of IGF-2, Arc mRNA, and protein in offspring of maternal stress during pregnancy was boosted and some relationships existed between these parameters after being exposed enriched environment. Conclusions The learning and memory impairment in offspring of prenatal stress can be rectified by the enriched environment, the mechanism of which is related to the decreasing plasma corticosterone and increasing hippocampal IGF-2 and Arc of offspring rats following maternal chronic stress during pregnancy.
- Published
- 2021
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391. Phenotypic variability in a child with Felty’s syndrome: a case report
- Author
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Guo-min Li, Hai-mei Liu, Wan-zhen Guan, Yi-fan Li, Hong Xu, and Li Sun
- Subjects
Children ,Felty’s syndrome ,Juvenile idiopathic arthritis ,Thrombocytopenia ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Background Felty’s syndrome (FS) is characterized by the triad of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), splenomegaly and neutropenia. The arthritis is typically severe and virtually always associated with high-titer rheumatoid factor. The presence of persistent neutropenia is generally required to make the diagnosis. Most patients diagnosed with FS are aged 50–70 years and have had RA for more than 10 years. It is rarely seen in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), with only five cases having been reported throughout the world. Case presentation The present study describes the case of a 14-year-old female with a seven-year history of polyarticular JIA, presenting with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, cholestasis and thrombocytopenia. However, she occasionally developed neutropenia. Titers of rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP were persistently high, and the antinuclear antibody titer was 1:320, while the antibody results for anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm were negative. Serum levels of IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE were all persistently elevated, and the ratio of CD19+ lymphocytes in the subgroups of lymphocytes was persistently high. The level of complements was normal. No STAT3 and STAT5B mutations were found by next-generation sequencing. The patient did not respond to methotrexate, prednisolone, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), sulfasalazine and etanercept but was responsive to rituximab. Conclusions JIA, thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly are the most common and important features in six children with FS, while persistent neutropenia is not seen in all these patients. No complement deficiency has been found in children with FS so far. Manifestations of FS without neutropenia may be extremely rare. There are differences between adults and children in the clinical and laboratory features of FS.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
392. Expanding the spectrum of A20 haploinsufficiency in two Chinese families: cases report
- Author
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Guo-min Li, Hai-mei Liu, Wan-zhen Guan, Hong Xu, Bing-bing Wu, and Li Sun
- Subjects
A20 haploinsufficiency ,Hypothyroidism ,Interstitial lung disease ,Liver fibrosis ,Macrophage activation syndrome ,TNFAIP3 gene ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background The association between mutations in the TNFAIP3 gene and a new autoinflammatory disease (called A20 haploinsufficiency, HA20) has recently been recognized. Here, we describe four patients with HA20 from two unrelated Chinese families. Case presentation A total of four patients from two families were included. The average age at onset was 5.9 years. All patients had no signs of eye or skin problems, such as uveitis, rash, folliculitis and dermal abscess. Prior to the recognition of HA20, P1 was diagnosed with SLE, liver fibrosis and hypothyroidism. She also had no oral, genital or perineal ulcers. P2 was diagnosed with Crohn’s disease and inflammatory bowel disease-related arthritis (IBD-RA). He had a perianal abscess but no oral or genital ulcers. P3, the father of P1 and P2, only had mild oral ulcers, arthralgia, and archosyrinx. P4 was diagnosed with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in two families. WES revealed heterozygous c.559C > T in the TNFAIP3 gene in P1, P2 and P3, while the c.259C > T mutation in the TNFAIP3 gene was identified in P4. The c.259C > T mutations is novel. Conclusion HA20 had a different phenotype between families and even between family members with the same mutation. Liver fibrosis, hypothyroidism, ILD and MAS in the patients with HA20 were first reported in this study. Our results expanded the phenotype and genotype spectrum of A20 haploinsufficiency.
- Published
- 2019
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393. Serial Systemic Injections of Endotoxin (LPS) Elicit Neuroprotective Spinal Cord Microglia through IL-1-Dependent Cross Talk with Endothelial Cells.
- Author
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Freria, Camila M., Brennan, Faith H., Sweet, David R., Zhen Guan, Hall, Jodie C., Kigerl, Kristina A., Nemeth, Daniel P., Xiaoyu Liu, Lacroix, Steve, Ning Quan, and Popovich, Phillip G.
- Subjects
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CROSSTALK , *SPINAL cord , *ENDOTHELIAL cells , *ENDOTOXINS , *MICROGLIA - Abstract
Microglia are dynamic immunosurveillance cells in the CNS. Whether microglia are protective or pathologic is context dependent; the outcome varies as a function of time relative to the stimulus, activation state of neighboring cells in the microenvironment or within progression of a particular disease. Although brain microglia can be "primed" using bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/endotoxin, it is unknown whether LPS delivered systemically can also induce neuroprotective microglia in the spinal cord. Here, we show that serial systemic injections of LPS (1mg/kg, i.p., daily) for 4 consecutive days (LPSx4) consistently elicit a reactive spinal cord microglia response marked by dramatic morphologic changes, increased production of IL-1, and enhanced proliferation without triggering leukocyte recruitment or overt neuropathology. Following LPSx4, reactive microglia frequently contact spinal cord endothelial cells. Targeted ablation or selective expression of IL-1 and IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) in either microglia or endothelia reveal that IL-1-dependent signaling between these cells mediates microglia activation. Using a mouse model of ischemic spinal cord injury in male and female mice, we show that preoperative LPSx4 provides complete protection from ischemia-induced neuron loss and hindlimb paralysis. Neuroprotection is partly reversed by either pharmacological elimination of microglia or selective removal of IL-1R in microglia or endothelia. These data indicate that spinal cord microglia are amenable to therapeutic reprogramming via systemic manipulation and that this potential can be harnessed to protect the spinal cord from injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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394. Clinical Indications of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin in a Single Center: A 10-Year Retrospective Study
- Author
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Xiao-Zhen Guan, Lei-Li Wang, Xue Pan, Li Liu, Xiao-Lin Sun, Xiao-Juan Zhang, De-Qing Wang, and Yang Yu
- Subjects
recombinant human erythropoietin ,clinical indications ,off-label ,irregular transfusion ,renal failure dialysis ,perioperative erythrocyte mobilization ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
In the 1980s, recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) began to be used in clinical practice. In this study, the clinical application of rhEPO from single-center in recent ten years was reviewed, and the scope of indications and clinical efficacy were evaluated. The medical records of 35829 in-patients who were treated with rhEPO in the first Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2009 to 2018 were collected. According to the scope of indications approved by CFDA (China Food and Drug Administration), curative effect and off-label of rhEPO were analyzed. Of the 35829 patients, 19013 (53.1%) were male and 16816 (46.9%) were female, with an average age of (52.1 ± 18.6) years. The usage of rhEPO is increasing year by year. The overall effective rate was 53.1%. The number of patients who met the indications accounted for 67.2%, and the effective rate patients with indications and Off-label were 48.8% and 50.7%. Among the patients with irregular use of rhEPO perioperative imperfect laboratory examination patients accounted for the highest proportion (7.1%). The volume of RBC(s) (red blood cell(s)) transfusion in patients with rhEPO was significantly less than that in patients without rhEPO (p
- Published
- 2020
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- View/download PDF
395. Earthworm activities enhance taro production by reducing weed infestation through taro–earthworm coculture.
- Author
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Li, Tao, Fan, Jie-Qun, Qian, Hua-Wei, Wei, Ji-Hui, Qian, Zhen-Guan, Guo, Shui-Liang, and Lv, Wei-Guang
- Subjects
- *
URBAN agriculture , *SUSTAINABLE agriculture , *PLANT breeding , *WEEDS , *AGRICULTURAL resources , *CORPORATE profits - Abstract
Rapid global population growth increases the human demand for food. Reliance on the high input of agrochemicals in agricultural production has been shown to be unsustainable and cost ineffective. The combination of planting and breeding can maximize the utilization of agricultural resources. A novel crop–earthworm coculture model has been gradually practiced in urban agriculture in eastern China. We conducted a four-year successive study of taro–earthworm coculture farming to determine the ecological and economic benefits of the model. Our results indicated that earthworm activities in the taro–earthworm coculture system increased taro yield, economic value and net income by depleting the weed seed bank, mitigating weed infestation, and reducing the need for weeding. Compared with those in mono-taro farming, the four-year mean seed bank densities of total weeds, grassy weeds and broadleaf weeds in taro–earthworm farming decreased by 37.1%, 44.4% and 32.2%, respectively; the weed density, biomass, species richness and diversity and need for weeding decreased by 54.1%, 48.3%, 20.8%, 8.2% and 39.7%, respectively; and the taro yield, economic value and net income increased by 19.7%, 19.7% and 50.7%, respectively. Our study suggests that earthworm activities provide ecosystem services in agricultural systems, and the coculture of taro and earthworms enhances crop production by mitigating weed infestation and improving environmental quality. • Earthworms provide multiple ecosystem services. • Earthworm activities accelerate the depletion of soil weed seed bank. • Earthworm activities mitigate weed infestation in crop–earthworm coculture farming. • Earthworm activities enhance crop production and improve environmental quality. • Crop–earthworm coculture farming is a promising and sustainable farm practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
396. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Potentiates Autoimmune-Mediated Neuroinflammation.
- Author
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Cox, Gina Mavrikis, Kithcart, Aaron P., Pitt, David, Zhen Guan, Alexander, Jessica, Williams, Jessica L., Shawler, Todd, Dagia, Nilesh M., Popovich, Phillip G., Satoskar, Abhay R., and Whitacre, Caroline C.
- Subjects
- *
MACROPHAGE migration inhibitory factor , *MULTIPLE sclerosis , *ANIMAL models of inflammation , *AUTOIMMUNE disease treatment , *IMMUNOREGULATION , *CYTOKINES , *TRANSCRIPTION factors , *MICROGLIA , *IMMUNOLOGY - Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multipotent cytokine that is associated with clinical worsening and relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The mechanism through which MIF promotes MS progression remains undefined. In this study, we identify a critical role for MIF in regulating CNS effector mechanisms necessary for the development of inflammatory pathology in a mouse model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Despite the ability to generate pathogenic myelin-specific immune responses peripherally, MIF-deficient mice have reduced EAE severity and exhibit less CNS inflammatory pathology, with a greater percentage of resting microglia and fewer infiltrating inflammatory macrophages. We demonstrate that MIF is essential for promoting microglial activation and production of the innate soluble mediators IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and inducible NO synthase. We propose a novel role for MIF in inducing microglial C/EBP-β, a transcription factor shown to regulate myeloid cell function and play an important role in neuroinflammation. Intraspinal stereotaxic microinjection of MIF resulted in upregulation of inflammatory mediators in microglia, which was sufficient to restore EAE-mediated inflammatory pathology in MIF-deficient mice. To further implicate a role for MIF, we show that MIF is highly expressed in human active MS lesions. Thus, these results illustrate the ability of MIF to influence the CNS cellular and molecular inflammatory milieu during EAE and point to the therapeutic potential of targeting MIF in MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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397. The association between rs9642880 gene polymorphism and bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis.
- Author
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Tang J, Li X, Jiang X, Xu W, Xu Z, Wang W, Liu B, Lv Q, and Zhang W
- Abstract
Previous studies had researched the relationship between rs9642880 gene polymorphism and bladder cancer risk, but the results remained unclear. The comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to clarify this possible association. Relevant articles were searched from Pubmed, Embase and web of science. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the association. The assessment of publication bias was conducted by Begg's funnel plots and Egger's regression test. A total of 7 casecontrol studies involving 4072 cases and 4898 controls were included in our study. Overall, an obvious relationship between rs9642880 polymorphism and increased risk of bladder cancer were detected in all models. Besides, the positive results were observed among both Caucasians and Asians when stratified by ethnicity. Moreover, when stratified by genotyping method, the significant results were detected in all genotyping methods except Sequenom. In addition, in the subgroup analysis by source of control, significant results were detected in both population and hospital based controls. This present meta-analysis with accurate and reliable results indicated that the T allele of SNP rs9642880 confers susceptibility to bladder cancer in both Asian and Caucasian populations.
- Published
- 2015
398. Enolase1 (ENO1) and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) are good markers to predict human sperm freezability.
- Author
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Jiang XP, Wang SQ, Wang W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Tang JY, Sun HY, Wang ZJ, and Zhang W
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- Biomarkers metabolism, Blotting, Western, Cell Survival, Cytokines metabolism, Fertility physiology, Freezing, Humans, Male, Sperm Motility physiology, Spermatozoa enzymology, Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism, Cryopreservation methods, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase metabolism, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase metabolism, Semen Analysis, Semen Preservation methods, Spermatozoa physiology, Tumor Suppressor Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation is a method to preserve sperm samples for a long period. However, the fertility of sperm decreases markedly after freezing and thawing in a certain amount of samples. The aim of the present study was to find useful and reliable predictive biomarkers of the capacity to withstand the freeze-thawing process in human ejaculates. Previous researches have shown that enolase1 (ENO1) and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) are closely related to spermatozoa quality. We chose the two proteins as probable markers of sperm freezing capacity. Ejaculate samples were separated into good freezability ejaculates (GFE) and poor freezability ejaculates (PFE) according to progressive motility of the sperm after thawing. Before starting cryopreservation protocols, the two proteins from each group were compared using western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. Results showed that normalized content of ENO1 (P<0.05) and GPI (P<0.01) were both significantly higher in GFE than in PFE. The association of ENO1 and GPI with postthaw sperm viability and motility was confirmed using Pearson's linear correlation. In conclusion, ENO1 and GPI can be used as markers of human sperm freezability before starting the cryopreservation procedure., (Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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