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219 results on '"non-native plants"'

201. The Global Naturalized Alien Flora (GloNAF) database.

Author

Kleunen, Mark, Pyšek, Petr, Dawson, Wayne, Essl, Franz, Kreft, Holger, Pergl, Jan, Weigelt, Patrick, Stein, Anke, Dullinger, Stefan, König, Christian, Lenzner, Bernd, Maurel, Noëlie, Moser, Dietmar, Seebens, Hanno, Kartesz, John, Nishino, Misako, Aleksanyan, Alla, Ansong, Michael, Antonova, Liubov A., and Barcelona, Julie F.

Subjects
*INTRODUCED plants, *VASCULAR plants, *PLANT invasions, *PHYTOGEOGRAPHY, *PLANT diversity
Abstract

This dataset provides the Global Naturalized Alien Flora (GloNAF) database, version 1.2. GloNAF represents a data compendium on the occurrence and identity of naturalized alien vascular plant taxa across geographic regions (e.g. countries, states, provinces, districts, islands) around the globe. The dataset includes 13,939 taxa and covers 1,029 regions (including 381 islands). The dataset is based on 210 data sources. For each taxon‐by‐region combination, we provide information on whether the taxon is considered to be naturalized in the specific region (i.e. has established self‐sustaining populations in the wild). Non‐native taxa are marked as "alien", when it is not clear whether they are naturalized. To facilitate alignment with other plant databases, we provide for each taxon the name as given in the original data source and the standardized taxon and family names used by The Plant List Version 1.1 (http://www.theplantlist.org/). We provide an ESRI shapefile including polygons for each region and information on whether it is an island or a mainland region, the country and the Taxonomic Databases Working Group (TDWG) regions it is part of (TDWG levels 1–4). We also provide several variables that can be used to filter the data according to quality and completeness of alien taxon lists, which vary among the combinations of regions and data sources. A previous version of the GloNAF dataset (version 1.1) has already been used in several studies on, for example, historical spatial flows of taxa between continents and geographical patterns and determinants of naturalization across different taxonomic groups. We intend the updated and expanded GloNAF version presented here to be a global resource useful for studying plant invasions and changes in biodiversity from regional to global scales. We release these data into the public domain under a Creative Commons Zero license waiver (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/). When you use the data in your publication, we request that you cite this data paper. If GloNAF is a major part of the data analyzed in your study, you should consider inviting the GloNAF core team (see Metadata S1: Originators in the Overall project description) as collaborators. If you plan to use the GloNAF dataset, we encourage you to contact the GloNAF core team to check whether there have been recent updates of the dataset, and whether similar analyses are already ongoing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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202. Quantifying the landscape influence on plant invasions in Mediterranean coastal habitats

Author

Pablo González-Moreno, David Carreras, Iván Fernández-Rebollar, Joan Pino, Corina Basnou, and Montserrat Vilà

Subjects
Ecology, Geography, Planning and Development, Introduced species, Invasive species, Spatial heterogeneity, Land-use and land-cover change, Non-native plants, Geography, Propagule, Habitat, Landscape configuration, Ecotope, Species richness, Landscape ecology, Level of invasion, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Landscape pattern might be an important determinant of non-native plant invasions because it encompasses components influencing the availability of non-native plant propagules and disturbance regimes. We aimed at exploring the relative role of patch and landscape characteristics, compared to those of habitat type and regional human influence on non-native plant species richness. For this purpose, we identified all non- native plant species in 295 patches of four coastal habitat types across three administrative regions in NE Spain differing in the degree of human influence. For each patch, we calculated several variables reflecting habitat patch geometry (size and shape), landscape composition (distribution of land-cover categories) and landscape configuration (arrangement of patches). The last two groups of variables were calculated at five different spatial extents. Landscape composition was by far the most important group of variables associated with non-native species richness. Natural areas close to diverse and urban landscapes had a high number of non- native species while surrounding agricultural areas could buffer this effect. Regional human influence was also strongly associated with non-native species rich- ness while habitat type was the least important factor. Differences in sensitivity of landscape variables across spatial extents proved relevant, with 100 m being the most influential extent for most variables. These results suggest that landscape characteristics should be con- sidered for performing explicit spatial risk analyses of plant invasions. Consequently, the management of invaded habitats should focus not only at the stand scale but also at the highly influential neighbouring landscape. Prior to incorporate landscape characteristics into management decisions, sensitivity analyses should be taken into account to avoid inconsistent variables.

Published
2013

203. Alien plants of the city of Zagreb (Croatia)

Author

Mitić, Božena, Mitić, Damjan, Majnarić, Mislav, Kollmann, J., Moelken van T., and Ravn H.P.

Subjects
Non-native plants, urban flora
Abstract

Alien, especially invasive alien species (IAS) are nowadays recognized as the second most important cause of biodiversity loss, just after direct habitat destruction. Besides from the conservation point of view, invasive alien plants have a strong negative environmental and economic impact. In addition, some species pose a great problem to public health, e.g. the allergenic plant Ambrosia artemisifolia L. Therefore, first efforts on the national level on IAS actions in Croatia have started in 2006, and within them we carried out researches of alien plants of the city of Zagreb. Field-work on inventarisation of plants was carried out in 2007, 2008 and 2009 on five areas across the city (located linear, from the east to the west city border), with about similar surfaces (5 km2). Plants were determined, data was incorporated in the Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr) and analysed (taxonomically and according to life forms, residence status, origin, invasive status and similarity of localities). A total of 38 alien plants were found on the localities investigated. Taxonomical analysis showed up that those plants belong to 19 families, of which the family Asteraceae (with 14 plants ) is predominated. According to the life form analysis most of the plants are therophytes (42%), while also hemicriptophytes (24%), phanerophytes (18%), geophytes (13%) and chamaephytes (3%) are present. According to the residence status, ten alien plants are archaeophytes and 28 neophytes. Analysis of neophytes showed up that 67% of them originated from Americas, 29% from Asia and 4% from Africa. Most of the neophytes (25 of them) are invasive alien species. Results of the statistical analysis showed up the biggest similarity index for two loacalities at the city border and confirmed our hypothesis that more alien and invasive plants are present at the city border than within the center. All of our data was incorporated within the special part of the Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/InvazivneVrste/), available for public access, with automatic generation of distribution maps of alien plants and could be used by local and national authorities for further actions against IAS.

Published
2010

204. Native and alien floras in urban habitats: a comparison across 32 cities of central Europe

Author

Lososová, Z., Chytrý, M., Tichý, L., Danihelka, J., Fajmon, K., Hájek, O., Kintrová, K., Kühn, Ingolf, Láníková, D., Otýpková, Z., Řehořek, V., Lososová, Z., Chytrý, M., Tichý, L., Danihelka, J., Fajmon, K., Hájek, O., Kintrová, K., Kühn, Ingolf, Láníková, D., Otýpková, Z., and Řehořek, V.

Abstract

Aim To determine relative effects of habitat type, climate and spatial pattern on species richness and composition of native and alien plant assemblages in central European cities. Location Central Europe, Belgium and the Netherlands. Methods The diversity of native and alien flora was analysed in 32 cities. In each city, plant species were recorded in seven 1-ha plots that represented seven urban habitat types with specific disturbance regimes. Plants were classified into native species, archaeophytes (introduced before ad 1500) and neophytes (introduced later). Two sets of explanatory variables were obtained for each city: climatic data and all-scale spatial variables generated by analysis of principal coordinates of neighbour matrices. For each group of species, the effect of habitat type, climate and spatial variables on variation in species composition was determined by variation partitioning. Responses of individual plant species to climatic variables were tested using a set of binomial regression models. Effects of climatic variables on the proportion of alien species were determined by linear regression. Results In all cities, 562 native plant species, 188 archaeophytes and 386 neophytes were recorded. Proportions of alien species varied among urban habitats. The proportion of native species decreased with increasing range and mean annual temperature, and increased with increasing precipitation. In contrast, proportions of archaeophytes and neophytes increased with mean annual temperature. However, spatial pattern explained a larger proportion of variation in species composition of the urban flora than climate. Archaeophytes were more uniformly distributed across the studied cities than the native species and neophytes. Urban habitats rich in native species also tended to be rich in archaeophytes and neophytes. Main conclusions Species richness and composition of central European urban floras are significantly affected by urban habitat types, climate and spa

Published
2012

205. An Invasive Species Assessment Protocol: Evaluating Non-Native Plants for Their Impact on Biodiversity, Version 1

Author

Morse, Larry E., Randall, John M., Benton, Nancy, Hiebert, Ron, Lu, Stephanie, and NatureServe

Subjects
Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, assessment, impact, protocol, non-native plants, invasive species, biodiversity
Abstract

NatureServe, in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy and the U.S. National Park Service, developed this Invasive Species Assessment Protocol as a tool for assessing, categorizing, and listing non-native invasive vascular plants according to their impact on native species and natural biodiversity in a large geographical area such as a nation, state, province, or ecological region. This protocol is designed to make the process of assessing and listing invasive plants objective and systematic, and to incorporate scientific documentation of the information used to determine each species’ rank. NatureServe’s methodology has previously included assessments of the conservation significance of native species; this protocol extends that scope to non-native species as well. The protocol is used to assess species (or infraspecific taxa, as appropriate) individually for a specified “region of interest” and to assign each species an Invasive Species Impact Rank (I-Rank) of High, Medium, Low, or Insignificant to categorize its negative impact on natural biodiversity within that region. The protocol includes 20 questions, each with four scaled responses (A-D, plus U = unknown). The 20 questions are grouped into four sections: Ecological Impact, Current Distribution and Abundance, Trend in Distribution and Abundance, and Management Difficulty. Each species is assessed by considering these questions, with the answers used to calculate a subrank for each of the four sections. An overall I-Rank is then calculated from the subranks. Text comments and citations to information sources should be provided as documentation for each answer selected, along with a concise text summary of the major considerations leading to the overall rank. While designed for use in a specified large, contiguous, biogeographically diverse region, the protocol can be adapted to specified noncontiguous regions (such as the 50 states of the United States), and may also be applied to assess the impact in the non-native range of a species that is also present elsewhere in a region as a native. NatureServe is now using this protocol to assess the biodiversity impact of the approximately 3,500 non-native vascular plant species established outside cultivation in the United States. The protocol is offered here in generalized form for others who might wish to use it to conduct similar assessments and create lists of invasive plants for other nations, states, provinces, ecological regions, or comparable areas.

Published
2004

206. Predicting Invasion Risk of Non-Native Plants Using a Modified I-Rank Assessment

Author

Williams, Justin B

Subjects
predicting invasion risk, I-Rank, non-native plants, invasive species management, Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Abstract

Biological invasions are a global problem responsible for native species declines worldwide. Understanding the invasion risk from non-native species is important in establishing management goals and making decisions for managing native ecosystems. Useful modeling methods for quantifying or predicting invasion risk should consider research needs, data availability, and operate at an appropriate scale. I evaluated risk assessment methods towards answering a specific research question; which plant species pose the greatest risk of becoming invasive or having the greatest negative impact in Nebraska? I selected the I-Rank assessment method, which consists of 20 questions grouped into four risk categories or Subranks: impact on native species/ecosystems, current distribution/abundance, trend in distribution/abundance, and management difficulty. I used information from herbaria collections, agency reports, literature review, online databases, and expert opinion surveys to evaluate 56 non-native plant species. I modified the I-Rank method to operate at the state-level scale by adapting I-Rank questions for Nebraska. I also compared results from this state-level I-Rank assessment to results from an analysis conducted at the national scale. A distinct feature of the I-Rank assessment is that a range of possible answers is acceptable for each question. This feature allows for the incorporation of uncertainty and reduces the amount of inherent subjectivity, but also presents a challenge in accounting for uncertainty. I present new methods for quantifying and visualizing sources of uncertainty in the I-Rank scores and provide conceptual risk assessment and management contexts for these methods. Results indicate that the predicted invasion risk often depends on the scale at which the I-Rank questions are evaluated. Ten of the species evaluated are noxious in neighboring states, but not likely to become invasive in Nebraska. The study identified numerous species likely to be invasive in Nebraska, including seven plants not recognized as noxious weeds or “watch list” species in Nebraska. I-Rank results for many species indicated high levels of uncertainty and require additional interpretation or research to make conclusions. I make suggestions for interpreting I-Rank results using available information to prioritize species for management decisions in Nebraska. I discuss relative strengths/weaknesses of the I-Rank method, offer conclusions/recommendations based on my results for Nebraska, and identify opportunities for future research. A similar approach could be used to adapt this method for other states or geographic areas of interest. I conclude that the I-Rank assessment provides a straightforward method for synthesizing information from numerous sources to evaluate invasive species threats at an appropriate scale to meet research needs and inform management decisions. Adviser: Craig R. Allen

Published
2013

207. The status and distribution of non-native plants on the gazetted and territorial islands off the north coast of Western Australia

Author

Lohr, Michael T, Lohr, Cheryl Anner, Keighery, Greg, Long, Vicki, Lohr, Michael T, Lohr, Cheryl Anner, Keighery, Greg, and Long, Vicki

Abstract

Lohr, M. T., Lohr, C. A., Keighery, G., & Long, V. (2016). The status and distribution of non-native plants on the gazetted and territorial islands off the north coast of Western Australia. Conservation Science Western Australia, 10, (8). Available here

209. New records in vascular plants alien to the Balearic Islands

Author

Llorenç Sáez, Serapio, Jordi, Gomez-Bellver, Carlos, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Guillot, Daniel, and Rita, Joan

Subjects
Non-native plants, Expansión de área, Range expansion, Expansió d'àrea, Balearic Islands, Islas baleares, Naturalización, Illes balears, Plantes al·lòctones, Plantas alóctonas, Naturalització, Naturalization
Abstract

This paper deals with 67 taxa, 25 of which are new to the Balearic Islands flora: Agave fourcroydes, Amaranthus emarginatus, Asparagus aethiopicus, Bidens pilosa, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, C. halicacabum, Cotyledon orbiculata, Eschscholzia californica, Freesia leichtlinii subsp. alba, Gomphocarpus physocarpus, Gossypium hirsutum, Hedera hibernica, H. maroccana, Lathyrus odoratus, L. sativus, Lycianthes rantonnetii, Malephora uitenhagensis, Opuntia engelmannii subsp. lindheimeri, Osteospermum ecklonis, Phytolacca icosandra (new for Europe), Vitis × koberi, V. × ruggeri, V. rupestris, Washingtonia robusta and Yucca gigantea. Moreover several taxa are novelties for the flora of certain islands. Keywords: Non-native plants; Balearic Islands; naturalization; range expansion Aquest article inclou dades per a 67 tàxons, 25 dels quals són nous per a la flora de les Illes Balears: Agave fourcroydes, Amaranthus emarginatus, Asparagus aethiopicus, Bidens pilosa, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, C. halicacabum, Cotyledon orbiculata, Eschscholzia californica, Freesia leichtlinii subsp. alba, Gomphocarpus physocarpus, Gossypium hirsutum, Hedera hibernica, H. maroccana, Lathyrus odoratus, L. sativus, Lycianthes rantonnetii, Malephora uitenhagensis, Opuntia engelmannii subsp. lindheimeri, Osteospermum ecklonis, Phytolacca icosandra (primera citació per a Europa), Vitis × koberi, V. × ruggeri, V. rupestris, Washingtonia robusta i Yucca gigantea. A més, diversos tàxons suposen novetats per a la flora d'algunes illes de l'arxipèlag. Este artículo incluye datos para 67 taxones, 25 de los cuales suponen novedad para la flora de las Islas Baleares: Agave fourcroydes, Amaranthus emarginatus, Asparagus aethiopicus, Bidens pilosa, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, C. halicacabum, Cotyledon orbiculata, Eschscholzia californica, Freesia leichtlinii subsp. alba, Gomphocarpus physocarpus, Gossypium hirsutum, Hedera hibernica, H. maroccana, Lathyrus odoratus, L. sativus, Lycianthes rantonnetii, Malephora uitenhagensis, Opuntia engelmannii subsp. lindheimeri, Osteospermum ecklonis, Phytolacca icosandra (primera cita para Europa), Vitis × koberi, V. × ruggeri, V. rupestris, Washingtonia robusta y Yucca gigantea. Por otro lado, diversos taxones suponen novedades para la flora de algunas islas del archipiélago.

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