814 results on '"pin maritime"'
Search Results
352. Genetic determinism of delta-13C in maritime pine
- Author
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Brendel, Oliver, Plomion, Christophe, Raffin, Annie, Guehl, Jean-Marc, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Biodiversité, Gènes et Ecosystèmes (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, and ProdInra, Migration more...
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,PIN MARITIME - Abstract
National audience; Le pin maritime (Pinus pinaster) est une espèce majeure dans le sud-ouest de l’Europe. Cette espèce est souvent soumise à la sécheresse estivale qui limite la croissance. Un but majeur des programmes de sélection pour cette espèce est l’amélioration de l’adaptation à la sécheresse. Cela peut être accompli en utilisant des marqueurs moléculaires en combinaison avec des traits physiologiques. Il a été montré que la composition isotopique du carbone (δ13C) de la matière végétale est relié à l’efficience d’utilisation de l’eau et donc à l’adaptation à la sécheresse. δ13C a été mesuré dans un test de descendance (600 arbres de 14 ans d’un semi-diallèle 12 x 12) sur la cellulose du bois pour évaluer les paramètres génétiques. Ce trait se caractérise par une héritabilité en sens strict de 0.17 et une héritabilité en sens large de 0.30. En outre, l'approche QTL (quantitative trait loci) a été utilisée pour déterminer la localisation des régions génomiques impliquées dans la contrôle de δ13C. Des QTLs significatifs ont été détectés pour le δ13C dans une famille F1 (200 arbres de 14 ans) pour laquelle une carte génétique a été établie, confirmant que ce trait est sous contrôle génétique. Ces résultats sont très prometteurs pour la sélection conventionnelle basée sur l’évaluation phénotypiques de l’efficience d’utilisation de l’eau. more...
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- 2001
353. Sensitivity analysis of coniferous forest reflectance with canopy structure and undergrowth characteristics from satellite data and modelling (case study: Landes maritime pine forest)
- Author
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Guyon, D., COURRIER, G., Berbigier, Paul, Unité de bioclimatologie, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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BIOCLIMATOLOGIE ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,PIN MARITIME ,COUVERTURE VEGETALE ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 2001
354. Forecasting wood resources on the basis of national forest inventory data. Application to Pinus pinaster Ait. in southwestern France
- Author
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Salas-González, Raúl, Houllier, Francois, Lemoine, Bernard, Pignard, Gérome, Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Inventaire Forestier National (IFN) more...
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CALIBRAGE DU MODELE ,MODELE PREVISION ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,WOOD RESOURCE ,RESSOURCE FORESTIERE ,INVENTAIRE FORESTIER NATIONAL ,MODEL CALIBRATION ,PIN MARITIME ,NATIONAL FOREST INVENTORY ,GROWTH MODEL ,MODELE DE CROISSANCE - Abstract
International audience; The objective of this paper is to propose a method for simulating and predicting the evolution of wood resources in the ‘Landes de Gascogne’ region. Lemoine’s growth and yield model has been successfully utilized to predict future timber resources from existing data collected in two successive surveys (1977 and 1988) conducted by the National Forest Inventory (NFI). Lemoine’s model was calibrated by analysing the error in estimation of stand features between the NFI plots and experimental plots originally used to built Lemoine’s model. The proposed corrected term is based on the best linear unbiased predictor of the error. The calibrated model exhibited a better accuracy than the original model version. We suggest that coupling the calibrated Lemoine’s model with NFI data is a useful method for predicting timber resources at a regional level.; L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une méthode de prédiction de l’évolution de la ressource dans les Landes de Gascogne. Le modèle de production de Lemoine a été employé avec succès pour évaluer la disponibilité en bois de la région, en utilisant les données des deux cycles de l’Inventaire Forestier National (IFN ; 1978 et 1988). Le modèle a été calibré, en considérant l’erreur d’estimation des caractéristiques dendrométriques des peuplements, entre les placettes de l’IFN et les parcelles expérimentales employées pour construire le modèle. Le terme de correction est basé sur le meilleur prédicteur linéaire non biaisé de l’erreur. La validation du modèle calibré a été menée sur des placettes non utilisées dans la procédure de calibration: la précision dans les prévisions a été sensiblement améliorée. Nous suggérons que le couplage des données recueillies par l’IFN et du modèle calibré constitue un bon outil pour prédire la disponibilité régionale en bois. more...
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- 2001
355. Isolation and characterization of polymorphic simple sequence repeat loci in Armillaria ostoyae
- Author
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Langrell, S.R.H., Lung-Escarmant, B., Decroocq, Stephane, Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé Végétale (INRA/ENITA) (UMRSV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), Unité de recherches Espèces Fruitières et Vigne (UREFV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration more...
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,PIN MARITIME ,GENETIQUE ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2001
356. Le pin maritime (Pinus pinaster F.) en Galice (nord-ouest de la Péninsule Ibérique) : arbre introduit ou autochtone ? Arguments sur son origine historique
- Author
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Carlos Manuel and Luis Gil
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Urban Studies ,allogenous or indigenous space ,maritime pine ,Pinus Pinaster L ,Galicia ,Spain ,Galice ,Espagne ,pin maritime ,espèce allogène ou autochtone ,Geography, Planning and Development ,España ,pino marítimo ,árbol alógeno o a utóctono ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Demography - Abstract
The maritime pine (Pinus Pinaster L.) in Galicia (N-W of the iberian peninsula) : was the tree introduced or is it indigenous ? arguments concerning its historical origins. Cluster pine ( Pinus pinaster L.) is the most widespread arboreal species in Galicia. It has been considered as an exotic conifer for a long time and its current presence in the region has been justified as a result of three centuries of reforestations. In this article, the hypothesis of the historical permanence of Cluster pine until its enlargement, is discussed. This theory is based on modern studies about paleobotanical aspects and about genetic variability of the species, as well as historical information from various sources., Le pin maritime (Pinus Pinaster L.) est l'espèce arborée qui occupe la plus grande extension en Galice (nord- ouest de la Péninsule Ibérique). Sa présence actuelle est considérée comme le résultat des reboisements commencés il y a 300 ans environ. Dans le présent article on définit l'hypothèse de la permanence historique du pin maritime en Galice (où il fut considéré comme exotique pendant longtemps) jusqu'à son expansion massive (spécialement il y a un siècle et demi). Cette hypothèse est fondée sur des études paléobotaniques récentes de la variabilité génétique de l'espèce, ainsi que sur les sources historiques., El pino marítimo (Pinus Pinaster L.) en Galicia (noroeste de la península ibérica) : ¿ Árbol introducido o autóctono ? Argumentos en favor de su origen histórica. El pino marítimo (Pinus pinaster L.) es la especie arbórea que mayor extensión ocupa en Galicia. Esta conifera ha sido considerada durante mucho tiempo como exótica y su presencia actual se ha justificado como fruto de repoblaciones iniciadas hace unos 300 años. En el presente artículo se defiende la hipótesis de la permanencia histórica del pino marítimo en esta región hasta su expansión masiva. La base de esta hipótesis la constituyen recientes estudios paleobotánicos y de variabilidad genética de la especie, así como información histórica diversa., Manuel Carlos,Gil LuisManuel Carlos, Gil Luis. Le pin maritime (Pinus pinaster F.) en Galice (nord-ouest de la Péninsule Ibérique) : arbre introduit ou autochtone ? Arguments sur son origine historique. In: Sud-Ouest européen, tome 11, 2001. Environnement et anthropisation (Coordonné par Didier Galop et Jean-Paul Métailié) pp. 73-81. more...
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- 2001
357. Les phénols de la lignine et le 13C, traceurs de l'origine des matières organiques du sol
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Dominique Arrouays, Martial Bernoux, Bernard Guillet, Francis Andreux, Claudy Jolivet, Michel Karroum, ProdInra, Migration, InfoSol (InfoSol), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Microbiologie, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB) more...
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[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,CHIMIE DU SOL ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,SOL CULTIVE ,Ocean Engineering ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Botany ,Lignin ,ZONE FORESTIERE ,Organic matter ,MARQUEUR MOLECULAIRE ,Phenols ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,2. Zero hunger ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Total organic carbon ,δ13C ,Chemistry ,PIN MARITIME ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,15. Life on land ,CARBONE ,Podzol ,LANDES DE GASCOGNE ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,MAIS ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Soil water ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Soil horizon ,LIGNINE ,COMPOSE PHENOLIQUE - Abstract
In spodosols of Gascony (France), conversion of maritime pine stands into maize cropping leads to an incorporation of maize organic matter, which changed the isotopic (δ13C) and phenolic signature in A and L horizons of soil. Hydrolysis of phenol lignin in forests and cultivated soils showed the predominance of vanillic units under forest and the early but moderate incorporation of cinnamic acids. Incorporation of syringic units appeared higher, related to a large maize production of stable syringic phenols. Syringic units represented a long-term marker of maize inputs in soils, whereas vanillic units revealed the degradation of forest organic matter. more...
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- 2001
358. Isolation and characterization of Simple Sequence Repeat loci for population analysis in Armillaria ostoyae
- Author
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Langrell, S.R.H., Lung-Escarmant, B., Decroocq, Stephane, ProdInra, Migration, Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé Végétale (INRA/ENITA) (UMRSV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), Unité de recherches Espèces Fruitières et Vigne (UREFV), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) more...
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,PIN MARITIME ,ANALYSE DES POPULATIONS ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2001
359. Prédiction des ressources futures en bois à partir des données d’inventaire forestier national. Application au massif de pin maritime (Pinus pinaster) des Landes de Gascogne
- Author
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Gérôme Pignard, Raúl Salas-González, François Houllier, Bernard Lemoine, Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Inventaire Forestier National (IFN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), and BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes more...
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0106 biological sciences ,arbre forestier ,CALIBRAGE DU MODELE ,Calibration (statistics) ,F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement ,Pinus pinaster ,01 natural sciences ,modèle de croissance ,modèle de lemoine ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,INVENTAIRE FORESTIER NATIONAL ,ood resource ,Ecology ,biology ,U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques ,National forest inventory ,Inventaire forestier ,PIN MARITIME ,Forestry ,Growth model ,technique de prévision ,calibrage du modèle ,MODEL CALIBRATION ,europe ,france ,Resource (biology) ,MODELE PREVISION ,RESSOURCE FORESTIERE ,MODELE DE CROISSANCE ,WOOD RESOURCE ,NATIONAL FOREST INVENTORY ,GROWTH MODEL ,010603 evolutionary biology ,maritime pine---ressource forestière ,landes ,aquitaine ,Croissance ,Ressource forestière ,Méthode statistique ,Modèle de simulation ,15. Life on land ,Data application ,biology.organism_classification ,K10 - Production forestière ,Environmental science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The objective of this paper is to propose a method for simulating and predicting the evolution of wood resources in the ‘Landes de Gascogne’ region. Lemoine’s growth and yield model has been successfully utilized to predict future timber resources from existing data collected in two successive surveys (1977 and 1988) conducted by the National Forest Inventory (NFI). Lemoine’s model was calibrated by analysing the error in estimation of stand features between the NFI plots and experimental plots originally used to built Lemoine’s model. The proposed corrected term is based on the best linear unbiased predictor of the error. The calibrated model exhibited a better accuracy than the original model version. We suggest that coupling the calibrated Lemoine’s model with NFI data is a useful method for predicting timber resources at a regional level., L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une méthode de prédiction de l’évolution de la ressource dans les Landes de Gascogne. Le modèle de production de Lemoine a été employé avec succès pour évaluer la disponibilité en bois de la région, en utilisant les données des deux cycles de l’Inventaire Forestier National (IFN ; 1978 et 1988). Le modèle a été calibré, en considérant l’erreur d’estimation des caractéristiques dendrométriques des peuplements, entre les placettes de l’IFN et les parcelles expérimentales employées pour construire le modèle. Le terme de correction est basé sur le meilleur prédicteur linéaire non biaisé de l’erreur. La validation du modèle calibré a été menée sur des placettes non utilisées dans la procédure de calibration: la précision dans les prévisions a été sensiblement améliorée. Nous suggérons que le couplage des données recueillies par l’IFN et du modèle calibré constitue un bon outil pour prédire la disponibilité régionale en bois. more...
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
360. Drought differentially affects expression of a PR-10 protein, in needles of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) seedlings
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Christophe Plomion, Christian Dubos, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
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0106 biological sciences ,DNA, Complementary ,Physiology ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Plant Science ,Molecular cloning ,01 natural sciences ,[SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics ,03 medical and health sciences ,Gene expression ,Botany ,Amino Acid Sequence ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,Pathogenesis-related protein ,Plant Proteins ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Molecular mass ,biology ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Water ,PIN MARITIME ,[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics ,biology.organism_classification ,Amino acid ,Plant Leaves ,Enzyme ,Isoelectric point ,Cycadopsida ,chemistry ,Pinus pinaster ,Sequence Alignment ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
A full length cDNA encoding a PR-10 protein was isolated from maritime pine drought-stressed seedlings. The predicted protein contained 150 amino acids, has a molecular mass of 16.7 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.28. The transcript level of PR-10 displayed a transient accumulation in needles of drought-stressed plants, and was not detectable in root and stem tissues. more...
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- 2001
361. Le dépérissement du pin maritime des Maures et de l'Estérel provoqué par Matsucoccus feytaudi Ducasse (Homoptera, Matsucoccidae), connaissances acquises de 1964 à 1990. 2. Dynamique des populations de la cochenille et ses facteurs
- Author
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SCHVESTER, D., Fabre, J.P., Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
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RELATION HOTE PARASITE ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,PIN MARITIME ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry - Published
- 2001
362. Variétés forestières du futur. Réflexion à l'horizon 2020-2030
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Teissier Du Cros, Eric, Gis Variétés Forestières Améliorées, ., Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ministère de l'agriculture et de la pêche, and ProdInra, Migration more...
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,PEUPLIER ,PIN MARITIME ,SYNTHESE ,DOUGLAS - Abstract
* INRA, Centre d'Avignon, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes, Avenue Vivaldi, 84000 Avignon Diffusion du document : INRA, Centre d'Avignon, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes, Avenue Vivaldi, 84000 Avignon more...
- Published
- 2001
363. Modélisation du comportement biomécanique de l'arbre dans son environnement forestier. Application au pin maritime
- Author
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ANCELIN, Philippe, LABORATOIRE DE RHEOLOGIE DU BOIS DE BORDEAUX (LRBB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, and Université des Sciences et Technologies (Bordeaux 1) more...
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biomécanique ,BIOMECANIQUE ,compétition spatiale ,qualité du bois ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,PIN MARITIME ,peuplement forestier ,[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering ,Mécanique ,bois de compression ,déformations de maturation ,modélisation - Abstract
* INRA CR Bordeaux - Documentation Diffusion du document : INRA CR Bordeaux - Documentation Diplôme : Dr. d'Université
- Published
- 2001
364. Les phénols de la lignine et le 13C, traceurs de l'origine des matières organiques du sol Labelling the origin of soil organic matter by lignin phenols and 13C natural abundance
- Author
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Jolivet, Claudy, Guillet, Bernard, Karroum, Michel, Andreux, Francis, Bernoux, Martial, Arrouays, Dominique, Laboratoire Dynamique de la Lithosphère (LDL), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbiologie des sols-GéoSol (GéoSol), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratoire de biogéochimie des sols, Laboratoire Dynamique de la Lithosphère ( LDL ), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans ( ISTO ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Microbiologie des sols-GéoSol ( GéoSol ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) more...
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maize cropping ,maïs ,organic carbon ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,lignin ,FranceMots-clé: sol ,oil ,lignine ,pine forest ,Pin maritime ,carbone organique ,[ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,[ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment ,France ,phénols ,13C ,[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment - Abstract
International audience; Dans les sols forestiers des Landes de Gascogne, l'introduction progressive de composés organiques avec la maïsiculture est marquée par l'évolution de la signature isotopique (13C) et phénolique des horizons A et L. Les phénols issus de l'hydrolyse de la lignine de sols forestiers et cultivés (4 et 22 ans) révèlent la prédominance des composés vanilliques sous Pin maritime, ainsi qu'une incorporation modérée et précoce d'acides cinnamiques dans les sols cultivés. Cette incorporation est plus importante pour les composés syringiques. Ces derniers constituent un marqueur moléculaire à long terme des apports maïsicoles, alors que la décroissance des composés vanilliques révèle la dégradation des matières organiques forestières. In spodosols of Gascony (France), conversion of maritime pine stands into maize cropping leads to an incorporation of maize organic matter, which changed the isotopic (δ13C) and phenolic signature in A and L horizons of soil. Hydrolysis of phenol lignin in forests and cultivated soils showed the predominance of vanillic units under forest and the early but moderate incorporation of cinnamic acids. Incorporation of syringic units appeared higher, related to a large maize production of stable syringic phenols. Syringic units represented a long-term marker of maize inputs in soils, whereas vanillic units revealed the degradation of forest organic matter. more...
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
365. Pour vos reboisements, préférez les variétés améliorées
- Author
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TEISSIER Du CROS, Eric, Héois, B., Bastien, J.C., Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), ProdInra, Migration, Ressources génétiques et plants forestiers (UR RGNO), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), and Irstea Publications, Migration more...
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[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,PIN LARICIO ,CEMAGREF ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,EPICEA ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,RGNO ,PEUPLIER ,PIN MARITIME ,MERISIER ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,DOUGLAS ,PINUS SYLVESTRIS - Abstract
To get advices about the most appropriate choice for reforestation material, contact IDF, SERFOB and CRPF counsellors, Les tempêtes de fin 1999 vont vraisemblablement provoquer une relance du reboisement. C'est l'occasion d'utiliser des graines et plants de qualité génétique reconnue : peuplements sélectionnés, vergers à graines ou clones. Ce matériel est disponible auprès des marchands de semences et des pépiniéristes, surtout si les reboiseurs en font la commande à l'avance (contrats d'élevage). Pour vous conseiller dans le choix du matériel le plus approprié, contactez vos conseillers de l'IDF, des SERFOB et des CRPF. more...
- Published
- 2001
366. Le dépérissement du pin maritime des Maures et de l'Estérel provoqué par Matsucoccus feytaudi Ducasse (Homoptera, Matsucoccidae), connaissances acquises de 1964 à 1990. 1. Historique et rôle des insectes
- Author
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SCHVESTER, D., Fabre, J.P., ProdInra, Migration, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,PIN MARITIME ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry - Published
- 2001
367. Fungal auxin overproduction affects the anatomy of Hebeloma cylindrosporum-pinus pinaster ectomycorrhizas
- Author
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F. Laurans, R. Pepin, G. Gay, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL) more...
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0106 biological sciences ,Physiology ,Mutant ,Turgor pressure ,TUBULIN ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Plant Roots ,01 natural sciences ,Cell wall ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,AUXINE FONGIQUE ,Symbiosis ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Auxin ,CELL WALL ,INDOL-ACETIC ACID ,030304 developmental biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Hartig net ,Indoleacetic Acids ,Basidiomycota ,fungi ,Wild type ,PIN MARITIME ,Anatomy ,Pinus ,biology.organism_classification ,ACIDE INDOL-3-ACETIQUE ,ANATOMIE COMPAREE ,chemistry ,MUTANT ,GROWTH POLARITY ,Indole-3-acetic acid ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
International audience; We studied the effect of fungal auxin overproduction on the growth polarity of cortical cells in pine mycorrhizas by comparing the anatomy of Pinus pinaster (Ait.) Sol. mycorrhizas formed by an IAA-overproducing mutant of Hebeloma cylindrosporumRomagnesi or by the corresponding wild type with non-mycorrhizal short roots. Both wild- type and mutant strains induced an increase in root diameter that was mostly a result of the influence of the fungus on root cortical development. Both strains affected growth polarity of P. pinaster cortical cells and induced a change in their shape. The main modifications were a large reduction in axial diameter and an increase in the radial diameter of the cortical cells. The modifications were more marked with the mutant than with the wild type. The mutant induced a 43% reduction in cortical cell elongation and a 35% increase in radial diameter, whereas the corresponding changes induced by the wild type were 30 and 10%, respectively. The volume of cortical cells in mature mycorrhizas was generally lower than in uninoculated short roots indicating that wild-type and mutant strains induced a reorientation of cortical cell growth but did not induce an increase in turgor pressure of the cells. Immunolocalization allowed visualization of α-tubulin in root cortical cells, but no obvious modification in α-tubulin distribution was detected as a consequence of symbiosis establishment. Likewise, cytochemical localization of polysaccharides in cortical cell walls did not show significant modification following symbiosis establishment and Hartig net formation. The only noticeable modification was a reduction in cortical cell wall thickness in mycorrhizas compared with uninoculated short roots. The possible involvement of fungal auxin in the observed modifications is discussed. more...
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- 2001
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368. Ensayos de procedencias de Pinus pinaster Ait. en el centro de Espana: resultados a la edad de 32 anos
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Alía Miranda, R., Moro Serrano, J., Denis, J. B., Unité de biométrie et intelligence artificielle de jouy, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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LOCALISATION ,Provenances ,Genetic variability ,Pinus pinaster ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,ORIGINE ,PIN MARITIME ,Procedencias ,Variación genética ,genetics ,breeding ,CROISSANCE DE L'ARBRE - Abstract
A remeasurement at the age of 32 years of a multisite trial of provenances of Pinus pinaster in Central Spain, allows revising earlier results. Data from a new site, Peñas Negrillas (CR), are available. The analysis considers 11 variables related to growth and form of the trees. A trial with such a long duration suffers from events that cause the data to be incomplete. This requires a more involved statistical analysis that has been oriented to estimate the general adaptability of the individual provenances. In general, results confirm the conclusions obtained from a former measurement at the age of 18 years. Sources from the NW of Iberia show a mediocre growth but with well formed stems. An exception is the provenance from Leiria, that together with that from Arenas de San Pedro, are leaders in growth and form. Provenances from the Sistema Iberico (Cuenca), present good results in growth and form. Those from the Castilian meseta show the worse form, with an average growth, whereas provenances from the Mediterranean littoral appear mediocre on both. Northafrican and Corsican sources show slow growth but an excellent form., Una nueva medición a la edad de 32 años de un ensayo de 52 procedencias de Pinus pinaster Ait. en varias localidades en el centro de España ha permitido revisar resultados previos. Se ha dispuesto de datos de una localidad, Peñas Negrillas (CR), no medida en ocasiones anteriores. Se han considerado 11 variables que describen el crecimiento y la forma de los árboles. Circunstancias inevitables ante duraciones tan largas de un ensayo han hecho que los datos sean incompletos, lo que requiere un análisis estadístico elaborado, que se ha orientado a estimar la adaptabilidad media de las procedencias. Los resultados corroboran, en sus líneas generales, los obtenidos de la medición anterior realizada a los 18 años. El crecimiento y la forma de las procedencias de cada uno de los distintos grupos geográficos tradicionalmente diferenciados mediante marcadores genéticos es similar. Las procedencias del NO de la península presentan un crecimiento mediocre pero con fustes bien conformados. Se exceptúa la procedencia de Leiría que, junto a la de Arenas de San Pedro, son líderes en crecimiento y forma. Las procedencias del Sistema Ibérico, provincia de Cuenca, tienen también buenos resultados en crecimiento y forma. Las procedencias de la meseta castellano-leonesa tienen la peor calidad de fuste con un crecimiento medio, mientras que las de las montañas del litoral mediterráneo español aparecen mediocres en ambas características. Los orígenes norteafricanos y de Córcega tienen crecimiento muy lento pero con excelentes fustes. more...
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- 2001
369. Etude des effets de l'ectomycorhization sur les capacités de prélèvement du NO3par le Pin maritime
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Gobert, A., Unité de Science du Sol, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,ABSORPTION DE NITRATE ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,PIN MARITIME - Abstract
*INRA UMR Science du Sol de Montpellier Diffusion du document : INRA UMR Science du Sol de Montpellier Diplôme : Dr. Ing.
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- 2001
370. Non-host volatiles disrupt the response of the stenographer bark beetle, Ips sexdentatus (Coleoptera : Scolytidae), to pheromone-baited traps and maritime pine logs
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Jactel, Herve, Van Halder, Inge, Menassieu, Pierre, Zhang, Q.H., Schlyter, F., Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) more...
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COLEOPTERE ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,fungi ,food and beverages ,PIN MARITIME ,complex mixtures - Abstract
International audience; Non-host volatiles (NHV) were tested on antennae of Ips sexdentatus with coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD). Significant antennal responses were found to aggregation pheromone components, ipsdienol and amitinol, an attraction inhibitor, verbenone, and non-host bark volatiles extracted from Betula pendula, including trans-conophthorin (tC) and alcohols. The tC, a blend of three green leaf alcohols (C6-alcohols), and a blend of two bark alcohols (C8-alcohols) were tested in combination for their ability to disrupt the attraction of the stenographer bark beetle to pheromone-baited traps, unbaited and pheromone-baited maritime pine logs. The strongest disruptive effect resulted from the addition of the tC combined with the blends of NHV alcohols at high release rate, achieving an 83% reduction in trap catches, 89% reduction of attacks on unbaited pine logs, and 60% on baited logs. It is proposed that the two types of NHV have an additive effect, tC playing a major role in pheromone disruption while the alcohols would interrupt host specific signals. The results suggest that I. sexdentatus uses both bark and green leaf volatiles from non-host tree species in the host selection process. These NHV are promising disruptants, which could be used to prevent stenographer bark beetle attacks on log piles or standing trees in forest. A mixture of conifers and broad-leaved species would also disturb olfactory guided host selection supporting the assumption that more diverse forests are less prone to pest insect outbreaks. more...
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- 2001
- Full Text
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371. Pollen contamination in a maritime pine polycross seed orchard and certification of improved seeds using chloroplast microsatellites
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D. Pot, Christophe Plomion, P. Pastuszka, Giovanni G. Vendramin, J. Brach, Annie Raffin, S. Decroocq, S. Gerber, G. LeProvost, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration more...
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0106 biological sciences ,Breeding program ,medicine.disease_cause ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Pollen ,Botany ,medicine ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Global and Planetary Change ,Ecology ,biology ,chloroplast simple-séquence repeats ,PIN MARITIME ,Forestry ,AMELIORATION DES PLANTES ,biology.organism_classification ,Chloroplast ,Horticulture ,Chloroplast DNA ,Genetic gain ,Pinus pinaster ,Microsatellite ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Seed orchard ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
A new concept of seed orchard was developed by Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique for the maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) breeding program: the polycross seed orchard (PSO). The expected genetic gain of the PSO can only be reached if the fathers used in the pollen mix contribute equally to the next generation (i.e., to the base material of the PSO) and if pollen contamination from the surrounding stands is limited. Using chloroplast simple-sequence repeats (cpSSR), we showed that the chloroplast DNA was unipaternally inherited in maritime pine and verified that the chloroplast haplotype composition of the megagametophyte tissue corresponded to the chloroplast haplotype of the female parent. As a practical application, a statistical test based on cpSSR markers and simulation was established to verify the PSO origin of maritime pine seed lots. As a result of the cpSSR test, it was observed that (i) departure from even distribution of the fathers in the PSO was barely significant, (ii) the minimum pollen contamination rate in the PSO was 36%, and (iii) the contamination was not evenly distributed in the PSO. As a consequence, the expected genetic gain will range between 50 and 82% of what was initially foreseen. more...
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- 2001
372. Silvicultural factors influencing windthrow in maritime pine stands
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Jean-Michel Carnus, Didier Bert, Véronique Cucchi, Pierre Trichet, Denis Loustau, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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arbre forestier ,densité ,pinus pinaster ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,PIN MARITIME ,ZONE DE CHABLIS ,plantation ,sylviculture ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2001
373. Sub-regional climate change impacts on the water balance, carbon balance and primary productivity of maritime pine in south-west France
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Loustau, Denis, Pluviaud, Frédéric, Bosc, Alexandre, Porte, Annabel, Berbigier, Paul, Déqué, Michel, Pérarnaud, Victorine, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de bioclimatologie, and Météo France more...
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[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,PIN MARITIME ,SUD OUEST DE LA FRANCE ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 2000
374. Tempête des 27-28 décembre 1999 en Aquitaine : estimation spatiale des dommages de l'échelle locale à l'échelle régionale
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Guyon, D., Carnus, J.M., Unité de bioclimatologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,PIN MARITIME ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 2000
375. Monitoring of forest ecosystems at regional scale using VEGETATION daily-data : First results on the Landes maritime pine forest (SW France)
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Guyon, D., Duchemin, Benoît, Lagouarde, Jean-Pierre, Berbigier, Paul, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de bioclimatologie, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,PIN MARITIME ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2000
376. A genetic map of Maritime pine based on AFLP, RAPD and protein markers
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María Teresa Cervera, Christian Dubos, Cédric Pionneau, David L. Remington, Jean-Marc Frigerio, Evangelista Bertocchi, Catherine Bodénès, Paulo Costa, Christophe Plomion, David Pot, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration more...
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0106 biological sciences ,[SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,Quantitative trait locus ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Genetic analysis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Gene mapping ,Genetic linkage ,RAPD ,Genetics ,Genome size ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,food and beverages ,PIN MARITIME ,General Medicine ,GENETIQUE ,Genetic marker ,Amplified fragment length polymorphism ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique was adapted to carry out genetic analysis in maritime pine, a species characterized by a large genome size (24 pg/C). A genetic linkage map was constructed for one F1 individual based on 239 AFLP and 127 RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) markers. Markers were scored on megagametophytes (1n) from 200 germinated F2 seedlings. Polymorphism rate, labour time and cost of both AFLP and RAPD techniques were compared. The AFLP technique was found to be twice as fast and three-times less costly per marker than the RAPD technique. Thirteen linkage groups were identified with a LOD score =6 covering 1873 cM, which provided 93.4% of genome coverage. Proteins were extracted from needles (2n) of the F2 progeny and revealed by 2-DE (two-dimensional electrophoresis). Thirty one segregating proteins were mapped using a QTL detection strategy based on the quantification of protein accumulation. Two framework maps of the same F1 individual are now available. The first map (Plomion et al. 1996) uses RAPD markers and the second map, presented in this study, uses mostly AFLP markers. Although the total genetic length of both maps was almost identical, differences among homologous groups were observed. more...
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- 2000
377. Structural root architecture of 5-year-old Pinus pinaster measured by 3D digitising and analysed with AMAPmod
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Danjon, F., Bert, D., Christophe Godin, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and ProdInra, Migration more...
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0106 biological sciences ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement ,Pinus pinaster ,01 natural sciences ,F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes ,Système racinaire ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,040101 forestry ,ARCHITECTURE ,U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques ,PIN MARITIME ,Modèle de simulation ,Enracinement ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,GENETIQUE ,15. Life on land ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Modélisation ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,ANALYSE EN TROIS DIMENSIONS ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
National audience; Pinus pinaster (Ait.) is a high yielding forest tree, producing nearly a fourth of French marketed timber essentially from intensively managed stands located in southwestern France, in the Landes Forest. This species has generally a poor stem straightness, especially when it grows in poor sandy podzol of the Landes Forest, affected by summer droughts and winter floods. Above- and below-ground architecture and biomass as well as stem straightness were measured on twenty-nine 5-year-old planted trees uprooted by pulling with a lumbering crane. A very precise numeric representation of the geometry and topology of structural root architecture was gained using a low-magnetic-field digitising device (Danjon et al., 1998; Sinoquet and Rivet, 1997). Data were analysed with AMAPmod, a database software designed to analyse plant topological structures (Godin et al., 1997). Several characteristics of root architecture were extracted by queries including root number, length, diameter, volume, spatial position, ramification order, branching angle and inter-laterals length. Differences between root systems originated from their dimensions, but also from the proportion of deep roots and the taproot size, which represented 8% of the total root volume. The proportion of root volume in the zone of rapid taper was negatively correlated with the proportion of root volume in the taproot indicating a compensation between taproot and main lateral root volume. Among all studied root characteristics the maximal rooting depth, the proportion of deep roots and the root partitioning coefficient were correlated with stem straightness. more...
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- 2000
378. Détermination des caractéristiques physiques des aiguilles de pin maritime utilisées aux Vignères au cours des essais de l'été 2000
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Moro, C., ProdInra, Migration, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,PIN MARITIME - Abstract
* INRA, Documentation, Domaine St Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon cedex 9 Diffusion du document : INRA, Documentation, Domaine St Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon cedex 9
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- 2000
379. Provenance hybridization in a diallel mating scheme of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster). II. Heterosis
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Abdelkader Harfouche, Nasser Bahrman, Philippe Baradat, Jean Paul Guyon, Rémy Jacques Petit, Antoine Kremer, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherches de génétique et amélioration des plantes, Unité de recherche Sociétés, Changements Techniques et Connaissances dans les Mondes ruraux (SICOMOR), Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), and ProdInra, Migration more...
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Global and Planetary Change ,Ecology ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,PIN MARITIME ,Forestry ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,DIALLELE - Abstract
Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) is a species characterized by a discontinuous natural range with populations as a rule of small size and growing in heterogeneous environments. Ten provenances belonging to the three biosystematic groups of the species (Atlantic, Mediterranean, and North African) were crossed using a diallel scheme. Parental provenances and their hybrids were tested and measured for height growth at age 1, 2, 3, 8 and 13, as well as for insect resistance and stem crookedness in a trial in southwestern France. The results show a decrease in the variance of heterosis for height growth with age. Heterosis measured as the relative superiority of the hybrid to the midparent varies from -10% to 42% at age 1 and between 2 and 20% at age 13. There is no age effect on the mean value of heterosis, which amounts to 9.7% at age 1 and 8.4% at age 13. The value of heterosis was then compared with the genetic distance of parental provenances measured with various traits and markers (phenotypic traits, terpenes, isozymes, denaturated proteins). There was a weak but significant positive correlation between genetic divergence based on markers and heterosis for height at all ages. These relations were confirmed when the level of heterosis was compared for hybrids clustered according to the subdivision of the species in three major groups. The results are in agreement with theoretical analysis of heterosis and suggest that there is a disequilibrium between loci controlling height growth and neutral loci at the between population level. No significant relationship between levels of heterosis and stem crookedness or insect resistance was detected. more...
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- 2000
380. Initial and repeat fertilisation of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aït.): main results of the Berganton trial
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Pierre Trichet, Maurice Bonneau, F. Vauchel, Didier Bert, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF) more...
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,PIN MARITIME ,Forestry ,010501 environmental sciences ,Biology ,Phosphate fertilizer ,01 natural sciences ,Inorganic fertilizer ,Mineral fertilization ,Nitrogen fertilizer ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Application methods ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Le dispositif de Berganton (1963) est un des premiers dispositifs de fertilisation installe sur Pin maritime dans les landes de Gascogne. Cet article en presente les resultats a 5 et 34 ans. A cinq ans, une fertilisation initiale de 125 kg de P 2 O 5 /ha procure un gain de 104 % sur la croissance en hauteur. Aucune difference de croissance n'est observee entre des doses de 65, 95 et 125 kg de P 2 O 5 /ha. Une fertilisation en NK quelles que soient les doses (30, 60, 90 kg de N et K 2 O/ha) et modalites de fractionnement (apport a 0, 1, 2 ans) testees, ne procure pas de gains de croissance significatifs. A 34 ans, une fertilisation initiale de 125 kg de P 2 O 5 /ha, reiteree a 11 ans avec 112 kg de P 2 O 5 /ha, procure des gains de croissance de 10 % sur la hauteur et la circonference et de 25 % sur le volume, ce qui conforte la rentabilite de la fertilisation phosphatee. Une discussion est ensuite ouverte sur les modes d'action des fertilisations azotee et phosphatee sur les sols sableux et acides landais. more...
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- 2000
381. Biology and ecology of Elatophilus nigricornis Zetterstedt (Hemiptera Anthocoridae) predator of Matsucoccus feytaudi Ducasse (Homoptera Matsucoccidae) in the south-east of France
- Author
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Fabre, J.P., Menassieu, Pierre, Foing, J.J., Chalon, Alain, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ) more...
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arbre forestier ,pinus pinaster ,matsucoccus feytaudi ,défoliation ,hemiptera ,PIN MARITIME ,anthocoridae ,homoptera ,résineux ,elatophilus nigricornis ,prédateur ,insecte déprédateur ,ravageur des plantes ,dynamique des populations ,bioécologie ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,matsucoccidae ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2000
382. Variabilité de la vitesse de propagation du feu dans une litière d'aiguilles de pin maritime
- Author
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Marechal, J., Portier, Denis, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,PIN MARITIME - Abstract
* INRA, Documentation, Domaine St Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon cedex 9 Diffusion du document : INRA, Documentation, Domaine St Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon cedex 9
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- 2000
383. Efficacité de trois traitements de souches contre le fomes (Heterobasidion annosum) sur pin maritime
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Gilberte Sylvestre-Guinot, André Lévy, Alain Soutrenon, Philippe Legrand, Bernard Lung-Escarmant, ProdInra, Migration, Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé Végétale (INRA/ENITA) (UMRSV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), Laboratoire de pathologie forestière, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) more...
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0106 biological sciences ,biology ,Heterobasidion annosum ,PIN MARITIME ,Forestry ,MYCOLOGIE ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,LUTTE ,Pinus pinaster ,Fomes ,Phlebiopsis gigantea ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Chemical control ,After treatment ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Three treatments against Heterobasidion annosum contamination were applied at the end of October 1997 (experimental plot 1) and in the middle of March 1998 (experimental plot 2) on maritime pine : urea (37 %), disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (Polybor) (5 %) and Phlebiopsis gigantea (Rotstop) (1g/l). Stumps were inoculated with a suspension of Heterobasidion annosum basidiospores 24 hours after treatment. Control consisted of stumps that were inoculated but not treated. Each treatment and control were applied to 30 stumps in each experimental plot. Inoculum applied to the stumps was about 105 basidiospores /dm2. All basidiospores collected were of P type. Basidiospores viability was weak, ranging from 8,06 % to 13,2 % but the inoculum etablishment was good in test-inoculations (respectively 75,8 % and 86,4 % of the surface of 5 wood discs was infected. Results were assessed six months after. The percentage of infected stumps among controls was significant in the first experimental plot (76,6 %) but relatively low in the second (16,6 %). No infection developed in stumps on either of the experimental plots treated with Polybor and Phlebiopsis gigantea ; infection was only observed on only one stump treated with urea in experimental plot 2. These results show high efficiency of urea and total protection by Polybor and Rotstop in preventing stump infection on maritime pine. They confirm the findings of the 1995-1996 trials on black pine, Norway spruce and Sitka spruce. / Trois traitements contre la contamination par le fomes (Heterobasidion annosum) ont ete appliques fin octobre 1997 (dispositif 1) et a la mi-mars 1998 (dispositif 2) sur pin maritime : uree a 37 %, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) a 5 % (Polybor) et Phlebiopsis gigantea (Rotstop) (1g/l). Les souches ont ete inoculees 24 heures apres les traitements avec une suspension de Heterobasidion annosum a raison de 105 basidiospores/dm2 de surface de souche. Les souches temoins etaient seulement inoculees. Chaque modalite a ete appliquee sur 30 souches dans chaque dispositif. Les basidiospores utilisees comme inoculum appartenaient a l'espece annosum (groupe P). La viabilite des spores etait relativement faible (taux moyen de germination de 8,06 % a 13,20 %) mais l'inoculum utilise a presente une bonne aptitude d'implantation initiale sur rondelles-tests (75,8 % et 86,4 % de surface infectee). L'installation du champignon dans les souches a ete jugee au bout de 6 mois. Heterobasidion annosum etait implante dans les souches non traitees du pin maritime avec un taux eleve pour le dispositif 1 (76,6 %), plus faible pour le dispositif 2 (16,6 %). Dans les deux dispositifs, aucune infection ne s'est developpee dans les souches traitees au Polybor et au Rotstop ; une seule souche (sur 30) traitee a l'uree dans le dispositif 2 a ete colonisee par le fomes. Les resultats obtenus montrent que les trois produits testes aux doses utilisees ont ete efficaces (uree) ou totalement efficaces (Polybor et Rotstop) pour empecher la colonisation des souches de pin maritime. Ces resultats sont en accord avec la litterature et confirment ceux obtenus anterieurement sur le pin noir d'Autriche, l'epicea commun et l'epicea de Sitka. more...
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- 2000
384. Reconstitution des peuplements forestiers touchés par les tempêtes : méthodes de reconstitution, choix et disponibilité du matériel forestier de reproduction
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Heois, Bernard, Lefèvre, Francois, Riou-Nivert, Philippe, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), S. Drouineau, O. Laroussinie, Y. Birot, B. Roman-Amat, Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Centre National de la Propriété Forestière, and ProdInra, Migration more...
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[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment ,arbre forestier ,Biodiversité et Ecologie ,reconstitution après tempête ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,PIN MARITIME ,offre et demande ,CHENE ,DOUGLAS ,Biodiversity and Ecology ,[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment ,PEUPLIER ,peuplement forestier ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Milieux et Changements globaux ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,PINUS SYLVESTRIS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 2000
385. Un ensemble cohérent de références pour la gestion et la conservation des ressources génétiques forestières en France
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E. Teissier Du Cros, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
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0106 biological sciences ,HETRE ,SAPIN ARGENTE ,PIN MARITIME ,Forestry ,MERISIER ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,15. Life on land ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,CHENE ,ORME ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,EPICEA ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,PEUPLIER NOIR ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Pour suivre un engagement pris au cours de la conference interministerielle de Strasbourg, en 1990, la France a entrepris des recherches d'amont, la mise en place de reseaux et le transfert de connaissances portant sur la protection des ressources genetiques forestieres. Dix ans plus tard, un bilan est realise. Des activites d'amont ou des reseaux sont en place pour 11 especes ou ecosystemes. Ces activites sont coordonnees au plan national par la Commission des Ressources genetiques forestieres qui rassemble des representants des organismes impliques : INRA, Cemagref, AFOCEL, plusieurs universites, ENGREF et ONF. Cinq publications scientifiques ou techniques, illustrant l'evolution des connaissances et l'etat des realisations, sont presentees. Des perspectives presentant les besoins en recherche et en mise en place de reseaux sont envisagees. La France n'agit pas seule. Elle situe son activite dans un cadre europeen (Europe des Quinze et autres pays europeens) coordonnee par EUFORGEN (European Forest Genetic Resources). more...
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- 2000
386. Heat-treatment timber: potentially toxic byproducts presence and extent of wood cell wall degradation
- Author
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Kamdem, D.P., Pizzi, Antonio, Triboulot, M.C., Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), and Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) more...
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[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,PEUPLIER ,PIN MARITIME ,[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2000
387. Experimental study of brightness surface temperature angular variations of maritime pine
- Author
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Lagouarde, Jean-Pierre, Ballans, Hervé, MOREAU, Patrick, Guyon, Dominique, Coraboeuf, Damien, Unité de bioclimatologie, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other ,BIOCLIMATOLOGIE ,PIN MARITIME ,COUVERTURE VEGETALE ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing - Abstract
International audience; An experimental design based on an airborne TIR camera equipped with wide-angle lenses for measuring directional brightness temperature over forest canopies is described. A particular care is given to the analysis of possible sources of errors (related to instruments and atmosphere) and to their corrections. The protocol of data acquisition is adapted to provide TIR measurements in a −60°–+60° range of zenith view angles and in all azimuthal directions. The results obtained over maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) stands in the Landes forest in the southwest of France during summers 1995 and 1996 reveal important hot spot effects and differences of brightness temperatures reaching 4 K between vertical and oblique measurements. Acquisitions performed over stands of different ages, between 5 and 48 years old, also illustrate the dependence of the structure of stands on the hot spot. more...
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
388. Modèles de croissance et de qualité pour le Pin maritime
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Bert, Didier, Danjon, Frederic, Colin, F., Castéra, Patrick, Najar, Mohamed, Cremiere, L., Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de pathologie forestière, LABORATOIRE DE RHEOLOGIE DU BOIS DE BORDEAUX (LRBB), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 more...
- Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,PIN MARITIME ,[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 1999
389. Réponse moléculaire, physiologique et génétique du pin maritime à une contrainte hydrique
- Author
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Marques da Costa, Paulo Jorge, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1, Jean-Marc Guehl, and UL, Thèses
- Subjects
Plantes -- Besoins en eau ,Protéines végétales ,Résistance à la sécheresse ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Chromosomes -- Cartes ,Électrophorèse bidimensionnelle ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Pin maritime - Abstract
The main goal of this study was to increase our knowledge regarding the response of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aït) seedlings faced to a progressive water deprivation. A multidisciplinary approach (molecular biology, genetics, physiology and biometrics) was developed. Two-years-old seedlings belonging to a F2 segregating family were used. A genetic map covering about 94% of the genome was first constructed with AFLP, RAPD and proteins markers. This map allowed to locate the loci controlling quantitative variations (QTL : quantitative trait loci) of physiological traits. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis allowed to anaIyse the protein pattern of needles in two conditions contrasting for water availability. Forty-five needle proteins were characterised by micro-sequencing. The combined information of protein functions, variation of protein amounts between non-stressed and stressed conditions, homology of protein expressions, protein pattern differences between genotypes, suggested that drought stress' provoked profound alterations in cellular metabolism. Furthermore, detection of PQL (protein quantity loci) showed that different genomic regions were involved in a complex regulation of those alterations. Even if we can not propose selection parameters for drought resistance, the analysis of PQL and QTL showed that three different genomic regions are involved in water deficit response of maritime pine seedlings., Le travail présenté dans cette thèse a pour objectif d'approfondir les connaissances concernant la réponse du pin maritime (Pinus pinaster Aït.) lorsqu'il est soumis à un déficit progressif d'alimentation en eau au cours de sa croissance. Pour cela une approche multidisciplinaire a été développée rassemblant les disciplines de la biologie moléculaire, de la génétique, de la physiologie et de la biométrie. Les recherches ont porté sur des plants âgés de deux ans, appartenant à une famille en ségrégation de type F2. Le typage moléculaire à l'aide de marqueurs AFLP, RAPD et protéiques de cette descendance a permis la construction d'une carte génétique presque saturée. [...] Si nous ne pouvons pas proposer des critères de sélection pour la résistance ou la tolérance à la sécheresse, l'analyse des PQL et des QTL a cependant révélé trois régions chromosomiques qui semblent intervenir dans la réponse du pin maritime à un déficit hydrique. more...
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- 1999
390. Separation and characterization of needle and xylem maritime pine proteins
- Author
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Christophe Plomion, Christian Dubos, Nasser Bahrmann, Jean-Marc Frigerio, Guy Bauw, Antoine Kremer, Paulo Costa, Cédric Pionneau, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration more...
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Databases, Factual ,Nitrogen ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Acrylic Resins ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Trees ,Silver stain ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ,Amino Acid Sequence ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Plant Proteins ,Gel electrophoresis ,Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ,Chromatography ,biology ,Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ,Isoelectric focusing ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Xylem ,Water ,PIN MARITIME ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular biology ,Carbon ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Isoelectric point ,Proteome ,Pinus pinaster ,Molecular Chaperones - Abstract
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and image analysis are currently used for proteome analysis in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). This study presents a database of expressed proteins extracted from needles and xylem, two important tissues for growth and wood formation. Electrophoresis was carried out by isoelectric focusing (IEF) in the first dimension and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in the second. Silver staining made it possible to detect an average of 900 and 600 spots on 2-DE gels from needles and xylem, respectively. A total of 28 xylem and 35 needle proteins were characterized by internal peptide microsequencing. Out of these 63 proteins, 57 (90%) could be identified based on amino acid similarity with known proteins, of which 24 (42%) have already been described in conifers. Overall comparison of both tissues indicated that 29% and 36% of the spots were specific to xylem and needles, respectively, while the other spots were of identical molecular weight and isoelectric point. The homology of spot location in 2-DE patterns was further validated by sequence analysis of proteins present in both tissues. A proteomic database of maritime pine is accessible on the internet (http://www.pierroton.inra.fr/genetics/2D/). more...
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- 1999
391. Fonctionnement et gestion raisonnée de l'écosystème forestier landais. Rapport final
- Author
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Loustau, Denis, Bert, Didier, Arrouays, Dominique, Barthélémy, D., Beuffe, Henri, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS) more...
- Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,PIN MARITIME - Published
- 1999
392. Rangewide variation of the maritime pine bast scale Matsucoccus feytaudi Duc. (Homoptera : Matsucoccidae) in relation to the genetic structure of its host
- Author
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E. Carcreff, Rémy J. Petit, C. Burban, Hervé Jactel, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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0106 biological sciences ,Homoptera ,Population ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Intraspecific competition ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genetic variation ,Genetics ,[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,education ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Ecology ,Host (biology) ,fungi ,food and beverages ,PIN MARITIME ,15. Life on land ,GENETIQUE ,biology.organism_classification ,Phylogeography ,Genetic structure ,PEST analysis - Abstract
The bast scale Matsucoccus feytaudi is a specific pest of maritime pine, but the damage inflicted by the insect on the host trees is variable, ranging from no apparent effect to severe decline of the maritime pine stands. Rangewide variation of mitochondrial DNA among M. feytaudi populations was analysed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-RFLP-SSCP) analysis and the results compared with the genetic information already available for its host. Three main nonoverlapping lineages can be distinguished in M. feytaudi. The phylogeography of the pest population is clearly related to the history of its host. Most local associations could result from common evolution while others must be interpreted as intraspecific host shifts. Because the distribution of cultivated tree species is greatly influenced by humans, much may be learned concerning their genetic structure from the indirect study of their specific pests. more...
- Published
- 1999
393. Modélisation des effets du bilan hydrique sur la production primaire et la croissance d'un couvert de Pin maritime (Pinus pinaster Aït.) en Lande Humide
- Author
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Porte, Annabel, Ufr Scientifique, ., Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, and ProdInra, Migration more...
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,PIN MARITIME ,ECOPHYSIOLOGIE - Abstract
Diplôme : Dr. d'Universite
- Published
- 1999
394. Developing SSCP markers in two Pinus species
- Author
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Christophe Plomion, Hurme, P., Frigerio, J. M., Ridolfi, M., Pot, D., Pionneau, C., Catherine Bodénès, Antoine Kremer, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) more...
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[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,PIN MARITIME ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,SSCP - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 1999
395. Le réseau Euroflux : interprétation de deux ans de mesures des flux de CO2 et de vapeur d'eau au-dessus de la forêt de pins maritimes des Landes
- Author
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Berbigier, Paul, Bonnefond, J.M., Mellmann, P., ProdInra, Migration, Unité de bioclimatologie, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,PIN MARITIME ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 1999
396. Characterisation of structural tree root architecture using 3D digitising and AMAPmod software
- Author
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Danjon, Frédéric, Sinoquet, Hervé, Godin, Christophe, Colin, F., Drexhage, Michael, Unité de recherches forestières, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR Physiologie Intégrée de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Unité croissance, production et qualité des bois, Laboratoire de Croissance et Production, Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Croissance et Production, Recherches Forestières [Gazinet] more...
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ARCHITECTURE ,U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques ,Quercus petraea ,PIN MARITIME ,Pinus pinaster ,Modèle de simulation ,CHENE SESSILE ,Logiciel ,[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation ,F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes ,Système racinaire ,Ramification ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,ANALYSE EN TROIS DIMENSIONS - Abstract
International audience; A low-magnetic-field digitising device combined with AMAPmod, a software designed to analyse plant architecture, provided a very efficient method for measuring and studying the geometry and topology of the structural roots of trees. The digitising device measures co-ordinates in a 3D space. AMAPmod was used to assess several characteristics of the root architecture including spatial position, root lengths and volumes, branching order and branching pattern, and to reconstruct 3D images from the data to check for measurement errors. Structural root systems of three 20 to 28-year-old Quercus petraea and thirty 5-year-old Pinus pinaster were uprooted by using rapid mechanised techniques. Only roots with a diamter larger than 2 mm were measured. A fast and precise spatial localisation in combination with the topological characterisation of all root segments was carried out. Oak showed a stronger more oblique and vertical rooting, more branches, more forks and narrower branching angles than pine. Oak had only few small roots in the north west direction whereas half of pine root volume was located in the 10 cm upper soil volume. The contribution of this new method in the characterisation of structural root systems is discussed and other possible applications of this method in root studies are proposed. Since this method is precise and fairly rapid, it may be used for agronomic testing (i.e. comparing treatments) involving several dozen root systems. Almost all parameters needed for tree root system simulations can be estimated from such data. more...
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
397. Photosynthetic responses to phosphorus nutrition in two-year-old maritime pine seedlings
- Author
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Mohamed Ben Brahim, Jean-Pierre Gaudillère, Denis Loustau, Erwin Dreyer, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité d'agronomie, Unité d'écophysiologie forestière, and ProdInra, Migration more...
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Stomatal conductance ,Physiology ,Irradiance ,Plant Science ,Photosynthesis ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Botany ,Chlorophyll fluorescence ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,RuBisCO ,PIN MARITIME ,Phosphate ,biology.organism_classification ,Carboxylation ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Pinus pinaster ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
We analyzed processes limiting photosynthesis in two-year-old, container-grown Pinus pinaster Ait. seedlings subjected to phosphorus (P) deficiency. After withholding P for 3 months, seedlings were supplied P at four relative addition rates (0, 0.005, 0.01 and 0.02 day(-1)) in a nutrient recycling system. At Weeks 12 and 22, responses of photosynthesis to CO(2) and irradiance were measured and the following parameters derived: maximal velocity of carboxylation by Rubisco, V(m); apparent quantum efficiency of electron transport, alpha maximal electron transport rate, J(m); stomatal conductance and relative stomatal limitation of photosynthesis. At Week 22, these measurements were combined with concurrent measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence to determine the quantum yield of PSII, and a theoretical partitioning of total light-driven linear electron flow between fractions used to regenerate carboxylated and oxygenated RuBP. After 12 weeks of treatment, needle P concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 0.15 x 10(-2) g g(DW) (-1), and then remained constant until Week 22. Values of J(m), alpha and V(m) increased with increasing needle P concentration (from 30 to 133mgr;mol m(-2) s(-1), 0.02 to 0.25 mol mol(-1) and 13 to 78mgr;mol CO(2) m(-2) s(-1) at the lowest and highest needle P concentrations, respectively). Under ambient conditions, net assimilation rates in P-deficient seedlings were limited by V(m) under saturating irradiance, and by J(m) under limiting irradiance, but not by triose-P regeneration. There was no detectable change in the partitioning of total light-driven linear electron flow between the fractions used for carboxylation and oxygenation. Predawn photochemical efficiency of PSII was significantly reduced in seedlings with low P concentrations. Although stomatal conductance tended to decrease with decreasing needle P concentration, relative stomatal limitation was not significantly affected. At Week 22, there was an attenuation of the effects of P nutrition on V(m) and an increase in alpha and J(m) that was probably related to cessation of growth and the seasonal decline in natural irradiance. more...
- Published
- 1999
398. Comparison of different selection methods for the resistance to Dioryctia sylvestrella Ratz. (Lepidoptera : pyralidae) in pinus pinaster Ait
- Author
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Jactel, Herve, Kleinhentz, Marc, Raffin, Annie, Menassieu, Pierre, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,RESISTANCE AUX ORGANISMES NUISIBLES ,PIN MARITIME ,LEPIDOPTERE ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 1999
399. Echanges gazeux foliaires et concentrations en glucides de plants de Pinus pinaster soumis à un enrichissement en CO2 de l'air et à un dessèchement du sol
- Author
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Picon-Cochard, Catherine, Guehl, Jean-Marc, Unité d'écophysiologie forestière, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,PIN MARITIME ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,TENEUR EN EAU DU SOL - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 1999
400. Terpene attractant candidates of Dioryctria sylvestrella in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) oleoresin, needles, liber, and headspace samples
- Author
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Kleinhentz, Marc, Jactel, Herve, Menassieu, Pierre, Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
INSECTE ,HEADSPACE ,PINUS PINASTER ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,fungi ,NEEDLE ,LIBER ,WOOD RESIN ,TERPENES ,PIN MARITIME ,LEPIDOPTERE ,DIORYCTRIA SYLVESTRELLA ,INSECT-PLANT INTERACTION - Abstract
International audience; Capillary GC analysis was used to determine the proportion and quantity of terpenes in wood resin, pentane extracts from needles and liber, and headspace samples of needles and pruning wounds in 24 thirteen-year-old maritime pine. Fifteen different terpenes were identified in the samples. Germacrene D and β-pinene were the dominant terpenic compounds in the needles, while α-pinene and β-pinene were dominant in the liber and wood resin. Headspace samples of both needles and pruning wounds contained essentially monoterpenes. Only trace amounts of sesquiterpenes were found in pruning wound emissions. The presence of an oxygenated compound, linalool, in the pruning wound emissions is discussed, although this compound is not found in Maritime pine essential oil. Twelve of the 24 trees studied were infested by Dioryctria sylvestrella. Maritime pine susceptibility to this insect was related to the terpene composition of the different samples. more...
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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