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Reported herein is a bifunctional-organocatalystmediated enantioselective inverse-electron-demand 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of C,N-cyclic azomethine imines with azlactones. The strategy provides concise access to enantioenriched C1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines featuring a pyrazolidinone scaffold. Moreover, the scalability and practical utility of this protocol was well demonstrated by employing a gram-scale reaction and some representative transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3-Isothiocyanato oxindoles have been successfully applied to an asymmetric formal [3 + 3] cycloaddition reaction with aziridines for the first time. The reaction was efficiently mediated by an in situ generated magnesium catalyst employing (R)-3,3'-fluorous-BINOL as a simple chiral ligand. Serials of polycyclic frameworks could be obtained after a ring-closing step. The enantioenriched ring-opening product was also utilized to modified amino acids, peptides, and bifunctional organocatalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The successful design and application of a new type of N-phenyl-imidazole-modified α-heteroatom ketones in asymmetric anti-selective Michael reactions with β-trans-nitroalkenes is reported. High yields and enantioselectivities could be obtained, and the corresponding conjugate adducts could be further transformed into related chiral esters and cyclopropane derivatives with excellent enantioselectivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) emerging as one of the top contenders to succeed from optical lithography for the production of next generation semiconductor devices, the search for suitable resists that combine high resolution, low line edge roughness (LER) and commercially viable sensitivity for high volume production is still ongoing. One promising approach to achieve these goals has been the development of molecular resists. Here we report our investigations into the EUV litho- graphic performance of a molecular fullerene resist showing resolution down to 20-nm half-pitch with interference lithography with a LER of >5 nm and sensitivity of about 20 mJ/cm². [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A copper/DIPEA-catalyzed, aldehyde-induced intermolecular decarboxylative coupling reaction of natural α-amino acids and phosphites or secondary phosphine oxides was developed. In this process, a series of potentially useful ligands for organic synthesis and biologically important unnatural amino acid derivatives (tertiary amino phosphorus compounds) were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has increased to more than 405 parts per million (ppm. 1ppm=10-6m/s2) in 2017 due to human activities such as deforestation, land-use change and burning of fossil fuels. Although there is broad scientific consensus on the damaging consequences of the change in climate associated with increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, fossil CO2 emissions have continued to increase in recent years mainly from rapidly developing economies and China is now the largest emitter of CO2 generating about 30% of all emissions globally. To allow more reliable forecast of the future state of the carbon cycle and to support the efforts for mitigation greenhouse gas emissions, a better understanding of the global and regional carbon budget is needed. Space-based measurements of CO2 can provide the necessary observations with dense coverage and sampling to provide improved constrains on of carbon fluxes and emissions. The Chinese Global Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Scientific Experimental Satellite (TanSat) was established by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China with the main objective of monitoring atmospheric CO2 and CO2 fluxes at the regional and global scale. TanSat has been successfully launched in December 2016 and as part of the Dragon programme of ESA and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), a team of researchers from Europe (UK and Finland) and China has evaluated early TanSat data and contrast it against data from the GOSAT mission and models. In this manuscript, we report on retrieval intercomparisons of TanSat data using two different retrieval algorithms, on validation efforts for the Eastern Asia region using GOSAT CO2 data and first assessments of TanSat and GOSAT CO2 data against model calculations using the GEOS-Chem model.