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827 results on '"Givaudan, A."'

402. Efficient counterselection and conditional suicide of soil released bacteria using the Bacillus SacB gene

Author

Recorbet, Ghislaine, Robert, Catherine, Givaudan, Alain, Kudla, Bernard, Normand, Philippe, Faurie, Geneviève, Recorbet, Ghislaine, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie microbienne des insectes et interactions hôte-pathogène (EMIP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

International audience

Published
1992

408. Melanin Production By Azospirillum Lipoferum Strains

Author

A. Givaudan, A. Effosse, and René Bally

Subjects
Rhizosphere, biology, Tyrosinase, food and beverages, Sinorhizobium fredii, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Melanin, Biochemistry, Azospirillum lipoferum, medicine, bacteria, Rhizobium, sense organs, Bacteria
Abstract

Melanin production is a common property among fungi and streptomycetes, but it is less known among unicellular bacteria. Melanin formation from tyrosine is due to the catalytic activity of tyrosinase. Generally, this pigment is not essential for growth, but rather it enhances the survival and competitive abilities of species in certain environments. Among nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Rhizobium leguminosarum, R. meliloti and Sinorhizobium fredii produce a dark-brown melanin pigment (4). One hypothesis concerning functions of melanin production in Rhizobium is that the tyrosinase functions in detoxifying polyphenolic compounds in senescing nodules (4). According to Rhizobium species, genetic studies have shown that mel genes are located either in the symbiotic plasmid or in cryptic plasmids (4). Among Azospirillum spp., melanin formation has only been detected in A.brasilense Sp7 (8). However dark-brown pigment is only expressed in aging culture under influence of the cultural conditions conducive for encystement (8). In most A.lipoferum strains tested, spontaneous non-motile forms appeared. A. lipoferum 4BpHT2 is a non-motile individual derived from A.lipoferum 4B, the parental strain isolated from the rhizosphere of rice (5).

Published
1991
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409. Plastic architecture of bacterial genome revealed by comparative genomics of Photorhabdus variants

Author

Corinne Teyssier, Anne Lanois, Estelle Jumas-Bilak, Sylvie Pages, Alain Givaudan, Christine Laroui, Sophie Gaudriault, Ecologie microbienne des insectes et interactions hôte-pathogène (EMIP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)

Subjects
PHOTORHABDUS, NEMATODE-SYMBIOTIC, INSECT-PATHOGENIC BACTERIUM, BACTERIAL GENOME ARCHITECTURE, PHENOTYPIC VARIANT, BIOLOGIE MOLECULAIRE, STRUCTURE DU GENOME, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Genomics, Bacterial genome size, Biology, Genome, 03 medical and health sciences, Photorhabdus luminescens, Gene duplication, Animals, education, bactérie entomopathogène, 030304 developmental biology, nématode, Genetics, Comparative genomics, bactérie, Recombination, Genetic, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, écologie microbienne, Virulence, 030306 microbiology, Research, Gene Amplification, Genetic Variation, biology.organism_classification, Phenotype, Photorhabdus, Rhabditoidea, Gene Deletion, Genome, Bacterial, Reference genome
Abstract

Article Open Access Correspondance auteur: S. Gaudriault E-mail: sgaudriault@univ-montp2.fr; International audience; Background: The phenotypic consequences of large genomic architecture modifications within a clonal bacterial population are rarely evaluated because of the difficulties associated with using molecular approaches in a mixed population. Bacterial variants frequently arise among Photorhabdus luminescens, a nematode-symbiotic and insect-pathogenic bacterium. We therefore studied genome plasticity within Photorhabdus variants. Results: We used a combination of macrorestriction and DNA microarray experiments to perform a comparative genomic study of different P. luminescens TT01 variants. Prolonged culturing of TT01 strain and a genomic variant, collected from the laboratory-maintained symbiotic nematode, generated bacterial lineages composed of primary and secondary phenotypic variants and colonial variants. The primary phenotypic variants exhibit several characteristics that are absent from the secondary forms. We identify substantial plasticity of the genome architecture of some variants, mediated mainly by deletions in the 'flexible' gene pool of the TT01 reference genome and also by genomic amplification. We show that the primary or secondary phenotypic variant status is independent from global genomic architecture and that the bacterial lineages are genomic lineages. We focused on two unusual genomic changes: a deletion at a new recombination hotspot composed of long approximate repeats; and a 275 kilobase single block duplication belonging to a new class of genomic duplications. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that major genomic variations occur in Photorhabdus clonal populations. The phenotypic consequences of these genomic changes are cryptic. This study provides insight into the field of bacterial genome architecture and further elucidates the role played by clonal genomic variation in bacterial genome evolution

Published
2008
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410. Pleiotropic Role of Quorum-Sensing Autoinducer 2 in Photorhabdus luminescens

Author

Krin, Evelyne, primary, Chakroun, Nesrine, additional, Turlin, Evelyne, additional, Givaudan, Alain, additional, Gaboriau, François, additional, Bonne, Isabelle, additional, Rousselle, Jean-Claude, additional, Frangeul, Lionel, additional, Lacroix, Céline, additional, Hullo, Marie-Françoise, additional, Marisa, Laetitia, additional, Danchin, Antoine, additional, and Derzelle, Sylviane, additional

Published
2006
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420. The genome sequence of the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens

Author

Duchaud, Eric, primary, Rusniok, Christophe, additional, Frangeul, Lionel, additional, Buchrieser, Carmen, additional, Givaudan, Alain, additional, Taourit, Séad, additional, Bocs, Stéphanie, additional, Boursaux-Eude, Caroline, additional, Chandler, Michael, additional, Charles, Jean-François, additional, Dassa, Elie, additional, Derose, Richard, additional, Derzelle, Sylviane, additional, Freyssinet, Georges, additional, Gaudriault, Sophie, additional, Médigue, Claudine, additional, Lanois, Anne, additional, Powell, Kerrie, additional, Siguier, Patricia, additional, Vincent, Rachel, additional, Wingate, Vincent, additional, Zouine, Mohamed, additional, Glaser, Philippe, additional, Boemare, Noël, additional, Danchin, Antoine, additional, and Kunst, Frank, additional

Published
2003
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425. Sois : pratiques pour être et agir / Anne et Daniel Meurois-Givaudan

Author

Meurois-Givaudan, Anne (1951-....). Auteur du texte, Meurois, Daniel (1950-....). Auteur du texte, Meurois-Givaudan, Anne (1951-....). Auteur du texte, and Meurois, Daniel (1950-....). Auteur du texte

Abstract

Contient une table des matières, Avec mode texte

Published
1996

426. Functional relationships in the nuclear and extended family: A 16‐culture study

Author

Georgas, James, primary, Mylonas, Kostas, additional, Bafiti, Tsabika, additional, Poortinga, Ype H., additional, Christakopoulou, Sophia, additional, Kagitcibasi, Cigdem, additional, Kwak, Kyunghwa, additional, Ataca, Bilge, additional, Berry, John, additional, Orung, Sabiha, additional, Sunar, Diane, additional, Charalambous, Neophytos, additional, Goodwin, Robin, additional, Wang, Wen‐Zhong, additional, Angleitner, Alois, additional, Stepanikova, Irena, additional, Pick, Susan, additional, Givaudan, Martha, additional, Zhuravliova‐Gionis, Irina, additional, Konantambigi, Rajani, additional, Gelfand, Michele J., additional, Marinova, Velislava, additional, McBride‐Chang, Catherine, additional, and Kodiç, Yasmin, additional

Published
2001
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428. Celui qui vient / transmis par Anne et Daniel Meurois-Givaudan

Author

Meurois-Givaudan, Anne (1951-....). Auteur du texte, Meurois, Daniel (1950-....). Auteur du texte, Meurois-Givaudan, Anne (1951-....). Auteur du texte, and Meurois, Daniel (1950-....). Auteur du texte

Abstract

Contient une table des matières, Avec mode texte

Published
1995

429. Grosor corneal central y conteo de células endoteliales en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de catarata asistida con láser de femtosegundos comparada con cirugía facoemulsificación tradicional

Author

Givaudan Pedroza, Georgina, Pérez Bailón, Karime, Peniche Moreno, Susana, and Fernández de Ortega, Lourdes

Abstract

Estudiar los cambios endoteliales y el grosor central de la córnea (CCE) que presentan los pacientes operados de catarata con el método convencional de facoemulsificación y el asistido con láser de femtosegundos.

Published
2016
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434. 100 Jahre Givaudan in Dübendorf [1] Ein Jahrhundert für Geruch und Geschmack

Author

Givaudan Dübendorf

Subjects
General Medicine, General Chemistry
Abstract

The activities of Givaudan in Duebendorf go back to July 1900 when the 'Chemische Fabrik Flora AG' started the production and sales of musk xylene. Having been acquired by L. Givaudan & Co. in Vernier in 1948, the company was subsequently bought by F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. in 1963. Activities were restructured and concentrated in two areas: the development, production and sales of flavours for the food and beverage industries, and the research and development for fragrances and flavours.Today, Givaudan Duebendorf is part of a global group with sales of over CHF 2000 million and a staff of 5000, and, as of June 2000, an independent company listed on the Swiss stock exchange. In addition to the history of Givaudan, the article illustrates the various facets of production, product development, and research.

Published
2000
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440. FliZ Is a Global Regulatory Protein Affecting the Expression of Flagellar and Virulence Genes in Individual Xenorhabdus nematophila Bacterial Cells.

Author

Jubelin, Grégory, Lanois, Anne, Severac, Dany, Rialle, Stéphanie, Longin, Cyrille, Gaudriault, Sophie, and Givaudan, Alain

Subjects
DNA-binding proteins, XENORHABDUS nematophilus, GENE expression in bacteria, VIRULENCE of bacteria, BACTERIAL cells
Abstract

Heterogeneity in the expression of various bacterial genes has been shown to result in the presence of individuals with different phenotypes within clonal bacterial populations. The genes specifying motility and flagellar functions are coordinately regulated and form a complex regulon, the flagellar regulon. Complex interplay has recently been demonstrated in the regulation of flagellar and virulence gene expression in many bacterial pathogens. We show here that FliZ, a DNA-binding protein, plays a key role in the insect pathogen, Xenorhabdus nematophila, affecting not only hemolysin production and virulence in insects, but efficient swimming motility. RNA-Seq analysis identified FliZ as a global regulatory protein controlling the expression of 278 Xenorhabdus genes either directly or indirectly. FliZ is required for the efficient expression of all flagellar genes, probably through its positive feedback loop, which controls expression of the flhDC operon, the master regulator of the flagellar circuit. FliZ also up- or downregulates the expression of numerous genes encoding non-flagellar proteins potentially involved in key steps of the Xenorhabdus lifecycle. Single-cell analysis revealed the bimodal expression of six identified markers of the FliZ regulon during exponential growth of the bacterial population. In addition, a combination of fluorescence-activated cell sorting and RT-qPCR quantification showed that this bimodality generated a mixed population of cells either expressing (“ON state”) or not expressing (“OFF state”) FliZ-dependent genes. Moreover, studies of a bacterial population exposed to a graded series of FliZ concentrations showed that FliZ functioned as a rheostat, controlling the rate of transition between the “OFF” and “ON” states in individuals. FliZ thus plays a key role in cell fate decisions, by transiently creating individuals with different potentials for motility and host interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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443. Abstracts

Author

Smith, Alan, Christensen, Poul N., Schuessler, Ulrich, Stagg, Donald P., and Givaudan S. A.

Published
1986
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448. Evaluación del Impacto de un Programa de Prevención de Violencia en Adolescentes.

Author

Romero, Angelica, Pick, Susan, de la Parra Coria, Ana, and Givaudan, Martha

Abstract

Copyright of Revista Interamericana de Psicología is the property of Sociedad Interamericana de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2010

449. «Yo quiero, yo puedo...prevenir la violencia»: Programa breve de sensibilización sobre violencia en el noviazgo.

Author

Pick, Susan, Leenen, Iwin, Givaudan, Martha, and Prado, Andrea

Subjects
DATING violence, PHYSICAL abuse, COLLEGE students, HIGH school students, PSYCHOLOGICAL abuse, ITEM response theory, SOCIAL norms, PREVENTION
Abstract

Copyright of Salud Mental is the property of Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2010

450. Units of plasticity in bacterial genomes: new insight from the comparative genomics of two bacteria interacting with invertebrates,Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus.

Author

Ogier, Jean-Claude, Calteau, Alexandra, Forst, Steve, Goodrich-Blair, Heidi, Roche, David, Rouy, Zoé, Suen, Garret, Zumbihl, Robert, Givaudan, Alain, Tailliez, Patrick, Médigue, Claudine, and Gaudriault, Sophie

Subjects
BACTERIAL evolution, GENOMES, BACTERIAL genomes, XENORHABDUS, ENZYMES, ENTEROBACTERIACEAE, DNA
Abstract

Background: Flexible genomes facilitate bacterial evolution and are classically organized into polymorphic strainspecific segments called regions of genomic plasticity (RGPs). Using a new web tool, RGPFinder, we investigated plasticity units in bacterial genomes, by exhaustive description of the RGPs in two Photorhabdus and two Xenorhabdus strains, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae and interacting with invertebrates (insects and nematodes). Results: RGPs account for about 60% of the genome in each of the four genomes studied. We classified RGPs into genomic islands (GIs), prophages and two new classes of RGP without the features of classical mobile genetic elements (MGEs) but harboring genes encoding enzymes catalyzing DNA recombination (RGPmob), or with no remarkable feature (RGPnone). These new classes accounted for most of the RGPs and are probably hypervariable regions, ancient MGEs with degraded mobilization machinery or non canonical MGEs for which the mobility mechanism has yet to be described. We provide evidence that not only the GIs and the prophages, but also RGPmob and RGPnone, have a mosaic structure consisting of modules. A module is a block of genes, 0.5 to 60 kb in length, displaying a conserved genomic organization among the different Enterobacteriaceae. Modules are functional units involved in host/environment interactions (22-31%), metabolism (22-27%), intracellular or intercellular DNA mobility (13-30%), drug resistance (4-5%) and antibiotic synthesis (3-6%). Finally, in silico comparisons and PCR multiplex analysis indicated that these modules served as plasticity units within the bacterial genome during genome speciation and as deletion units in clonal variants of Photorhabdus. Conclusions: This led us to consider the modules, rather than the entire RGP, as the true unit of plasticity in bacterial genomes, during both short-term and long-term genome evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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