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In this paper, an active-C circuit for realizing lossless floating inductor (FI) or series/parallel RL impedances depending on the externally applied bias currents, is presented. The proposed simulator circuit employs only three plus-type second-generation current controlled conveyors (CCCII+s) as active elements and a single capacitor as passive element. SPICE simulation and experimental results are given to verify the theory. © 2008 World Scientific Publishing Company.

In this paper, a novel circuit for realizing voltage-mode first-order and second-order all-pass filter responses as well as second-order notch filter response depending on the passive component choice, is presented. This circuit has high input impedance; thus, it is easy to cascade the introduced filter with other voltage-mode topologies. Also, it uses a single Variable Gain Current Conveyer VGCCII and only grounded capacitors. SPICE simulation results based on 0.35 μm TSMC CMOS technology parameters are given to confirm the theory. © 2008 World Scientific Publishing Company.

In this study, a novel voltage-mode full-wave rectifier with high-input impedance using a dual-X second-generation current conveyor and three enhancement-type n-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) is introduced. The proposed circuit does not employ any passive elements, and is simulated using SPICE program with level 49, 0.25 mu m TSMC CMOS technology parameters to confirm the theory and exhibit the performance of the circuit.

In this paper, new topologies for realizing lossless and lossy floating inductors using current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) and single capacitor are presented. The proposed inductance simulators can be tuned electronically by changing the biasing currents of the active elements. The proposed lossless floating inductance simulator is used to construct a fifth-order low-pass filter. The frequency response of the simulated and ideal filter is compared using the SPICE simulation program. Moreover, the lossless floating inductor is used to construct a second-order voltage-mode band-pass filter practically. The ideal simulated and experimental responses of the band-pass filter are included.

A general configuration suitable for realizing low-pass and high-pass ladder filters and transformer simulator, depending on the passive element selection is proposed. The proposed network employs only grounded passive components without requiring matching conditions. The values of the synthetic inductances of the transformer and low-pass ladder filter can be changed independently. SPICE simulation results confirming the theoretical analysis are included. © World Scientific Publishing Company.

In this paper, a universal current-mode second-order active-C filter for simultaneously realizing low-pass, band-pass and high-pass responses is proposed. The presented filter employs only three plus-type second-generation current-controlled conveyors (CCCII+s). This filter needs no critical active and passive component matching conditions and no additional active and passive elements for realizing high output impedance low-pass, band-pass and high-pass characteristics. The angular resonance frequency (omega(0)) and quality factor (Q) of the proposed resistorless filter can be tuned electronically. To verify the theoretical analysis and to exhibit the performance of the proposed filter, it is simulated with SPICE program. C1 [Minaei, Shahram] Dogus Univ, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, TR-34722 Istanbul, Turkey. [Yuce, Erkan] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, TR-20017 Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey.

In this paper, a current-mode circuit for realizing high-order low-pass (LP) and high-pass (HP) filter responses is presented. The proposed circuit uses dual output second-generation current controlled conveyors (DO-CCCII) and only grounded capacitor. The coefficients of the filter transfer functions (TFs) can be tuned electronically via external biasing currents of the active elements. Also, LP and HP filters are connected in cascade to obtain a band-pass (BP) filter. Simulations are performed for fourth-order and eighth-order filter responses to illustrate the frequency domain performance of the circuit. ©2007 IEEE.

Analog circuit desioners have usually focused on the design of circuits employing a minimum number of components, occupying less area and dissipating less power. However, some important issues such as signal limitations and especially stability problems of the analog circuits have not received considerable attention in the literature. Hence, the work described in this paper deals with the stability problems of two new current-mode analog filters employing multiple output current controlled conveyors (MOCCCIIs). Toward that end, a single pole model is replaced for each non-ideal current gain of the MOCCCIIs. Both of the novel universal current-mode active-C filters can simultaneously realize low-pass, band-pass and high-pass/notch filter responses. SPICE and MATLAB simulation results are given to verify the theoretical analysis. (C) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

A circuit for measuring the root-mean-square (RMS) value of N distinct voltage signals, which employs two second-generation current conveyors and 2N + 1 metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors, is presented. The proposed circuit can find applications in measuring the RMS value of the output error signal of an artificial neural network (ANN). The presented network can also be used for realizing half- and full-wave rectifications. The proposed circuit does not use resistances and capacitances; therefore, it can operate at high frequencies. The results of the calculations are verified using SPICE simulations. C1 [Yuce, Erkan] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, TR-20070 Denizli, Turkey. [Minaei, Shahram] Dogus Univ, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, TR-34722 Istanbul, Turkey. [Tokat, Sezai] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Comp Engn, TR-20070 Denizli, Turkey.

A universal current-mode active-C filter simultaneously realizing low-pass, band-pass and high-pass responses is proposed. The filter can also realize notch and all-pass responses with interconnection of relevant output currents. The presented filter employs four second-generation current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) as active elements and only two capacitors as passive elements. The proposed active-C filter can be tuned electronically, and has low element sensitivities.

In this work, a new multi-input single-output voltage-mode filter realizing low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, notch and all-pass characteristics depending on the input signal selections is presented. The filter employs minimum number of passive elements, and does not need passive element matching. The presented filter has adjustable angular resonance frequency and quality factor, and low active and passive element sensitivities.

Civilizations tend to fail, or gain antagonistic characteristic, not necessarily as a consequence of their inherent specificities, but also because of their interaction with other civilizations. which have not attained such intellectual evolution, though they may have developed more advanced technology. In addition to military wars, the rise and decline of civilizations are highly linked to their ability to dominate the engine of the market. which nowadays sets supremacy of perceived values both for individual and institutional behaviours by leading to expansion of Western civilization. Certain intact groups and societies, Islamic and Chinese civilizations deviate from this trend by their institutions that hold their idiosyncratic understanding of values. This article indicates the likelihood of an emerging market paradigm based on civilized plurality, which, by being liberated from the hegemony of perceived values, emancipates the co-existence of various civilizations.

In this paper, a voltage-mode full-wave rectifier employing plus-type second-generation current conveyors (CCII+s) and enhancement-mode n-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) is proposed. The presented circuit requires no passive components, and is suitable for high frequency applications. The proposed full-wave rectifier circuit is simulated using HSPICE to verify the theoretical analysis.

In this paper, two new universal current-mode cascadable active-C filters simultaneously realizing low-pass, band-pass and high-pass responses are proposed. One of the filters can also realize notch and all-pass responses with interconnection of the relevant output currents. The presented filters employ only four plus-type second-generation current controlled conveyors (CCCII+s) as active elements and only two capacitors as passive elements. The proposed active-C filters can be tuned electronically, and have low active and passive element sensitivities.

In this paper, new floating immittance function simulators employing second-generation current controlled conveyors are proposed. The first four of the presented circuits employ only a single grounded capacitor as passive component and can realize either a negative or a positive floating inductor or capacitor. The last two of the proposed circuits do not employ passive components and can realize either negative or positive floating resistances. All of the proposed circuits do not require passive element matching. As an application, a third-order butterworth filter is realized using the proposed positive floating inductance simulator. SPICE simulation results and large signal behavior of the filter are included.

In this paper, a new CMOS high-performance electronically tunable second-generation current conveyor (ECCII) is presented. The current gain of the proposed ECCII can be controlled electronically by adjusting the ratio of dc bias currents of the ECCII. The output terminal of the proposed ECCII has high impedance, which enables easy cascadability. Also, as an application, the proposed ECCII is used for realizing a universal current-mode filter. The filter realizes low-pass, bandpass, and high-pass responses simultaneously. The low-pass response is obtained at high impedance output and its gain can be independently tuned by changing the current gain of the relevant CC. SPICE simulation results using TSMC 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process model shows excellent performance for the proposed ECCII. The proposed circuit consumes average power of 6.6 mW using /spl plusmn/1.5-V supply voltages.

An active circuit suitable for realizing floating inductance, capacitance, FDNR and admittance converter depending on the selection of passive elements of the circuit is presented. The proposed circuit employs only two dual output second-generation current conveyors (DO-CCIIs) and does not require passive element matching. The proposed network has a grounded capacitor for the floating inductance and capacitance simulation. Frequency performance of the circuit is tested using SPICE.

In this paper, new circuits for realizing current-mode and voltage-mode proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID) controllers, proportional plus integral (PI) and proportional plus derivative (PD) controllers employing only plus-type second-generation current conveyors (CCII+s) as active elements are presented. All of the proposed PID, PI and PD controllers have unmatched passive elements, all of which are grounded. The proposed controllers employ reduced number of active and passive components with respect to traditional op-amp based PID, PI and PD controllers. In particular, the proposed current-mode and voltage-mode PD and PI controllers employ minimum number of active and passive components. A closed-loop control system employing the proposed current-mode PID controller is designed and simulated using SPICE.

A new circuit employing second-generation current conveyors (CCIIs), and unmatched resistors for converting a grounded immittance to the corresponding floating immittance with either positive or negative adjustable multiplier, is presented. Moreover, the proposed circuit can also realize a synthetic floating inductance employing a grounded capacitor depending on the passive element selection. Simulation results using 0.35 mu m TSMC CMOS technology parameters are given.

All-pass filters are widely used to shift the phase of an analog signal without altering its magnitude. In this study, a new realization of all-pass filter using one current controlled conveyor (CCCII), one operational amplifier (OP-AMP) and two capacitors is presented. The proposed circuit does not use any resistors thus it is suitable for easy integration. Also the pole frequency of the proposed circuit can be tuned electronically. Simulation results are included to verify theory.

In this paper, a floating inductance and frequency-dependent negative resistance (FDNR) depending on the passive element selection is presented. The proposed circuit employs only plus-type second-generation current conveyors (CCII+s) as active elements, together with two resistors and two capacitors for realizing floating inductance and FDNR. Both of the capacitors in the floating inductance realization are grounded. Also, electronically tunable floating FDNR is obtained with the proposed circuit. The nonideality effects of the current conveyors on the proposed circuit are given. The proposed circuit is used in a low-pass ladder filter, and simulated with SPICE to exhibit its performance.

In this paper, a new active circuit for realizing lossless floating inductor using current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) and single capacitor is presented. The proposed inductance simulator can be tuned electronically by changing the biasing currents of the CCCIIs. As an application, the proposed floating inductance simulator is used to construct a fifth-order low pass filter. The theoretical analysis is verified by SPICE simulation results.

In this paper a new current transfer function synthesis using CTMOS high performance electronically tunable second-generation current conveyor (ECCII) is presented. All the coefficients of the transfer function can be independently tuned through the variable current gain of the ECCIIs. Based on the principles upon which the general transfer function structure was constructed, a universal current-mode filter is proposed which implements the lowpass, bandpass and highpass responses simultaneously in high output impedances. Thanks to the tunability of the ECCIIs, the parameters omega(o) and Q of the filter can be adjusted electronically. SPICE simulation results using MIETEC 0.5 mu m CNIOS process model are included to verify the theory.

This comment, relates to a recently published paper by M. Sagbas and K. Fidanboylu (see ibid., vol.40, p.2-4, 2004) which presents a current-mode second-order universal filter for realising lowpass, bandpass and highpass responses. This filter employs two second-generation current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) and two capacitors. It is shown here that this circuit is not new, simply derived from another filter proposed by S. Ozoguz and C. Acar (see ibid., vol.33, p.948-9, 1997), employing CCCIIs instead of second-generation current conveyors (CCIIs).

This paper presents new circuits for realizing both current-mode and voltage-mode proportional-integral- derivative (PID), proportional-derivative (PD) and proportional-integral (PI) controllers employing second- generation current conveyors (CCIIs) as active elements. All of the proposed PID, PI and PD controllers have grounded passive elements and adjustable parameters. The controllers employ reduced number of active and passive components with respect to the traditional op-amp-based PID, PI and PD controllers. A closed loop control system using the proposed PID controller is designed and simulated with SPICE. I. INTRODUCTION The proportional-integral-derivative (PID), proportional- integral (PI) and proportional-derivative (PD) controllers with adjustable parameters are widely used in many industrial control systems, and usually have been implemented with operational amplifiers (op-amps). PID controller realizations using op-amps employ excessive number of active and passive components. Current conveyors, especially plus-type second-generation current conveyors (CCII+s) have larger bandwidth and dynamic range, and also greater linearity than op-amps (1). Employing only CCII+s simplifies the configuration thus gyrator (2), synthetic floating inductances (3-4), voltage- mode filter (5) and transfer function synthesis (6-7) employing only CCII+s have been reported in the literature. Despite of several circuits such as derivative, integral, proportion and summer constructed with op-amps (8-9) that can be used to implement PID, PI and PD controllers, current conveyors have not been used to realize PID, PD and PI controllers in the literature so far. In this paper, novel current-mode and voltage-mode PID, PI and PD controllers employing CCII+s as active elements are proposed. In the proposed current-mode controllers, output currents are taken from high impedance terminals of the CCII+s. Also input voltages are applied to the Y-terminals of the CCII+s in the presented voltage- mode PID, PI and PD controllers. These properties make the proposed circuit ideal for using in cascaded systems. All the proposed controller realizations employ only grounded passive components, and do not require passive element matching so the circuits are suitable for integration. The PID, PI and PD parameters can be selected independently. Also simulations are performed using SPICE program to verify the theoretical analyzes.

Minaei, Shahram (Dogus Author) In this paper, a new general configuration for realizing current-mode all-pass filter circuits using differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC) is proposed. The proposed configuration is composed of a DVCC and five passive admittances. However, each of the circuits extracted from the proposed configuration uses only three passive elements. As an application, the proposed configuration is used to construct a quadrature oscillator. The theoretical results are verified by SPICE simulations.

In this paper a new 8-bit 50-M sample/s CMOS digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is presented. The circuit employs 9 operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and CMOS transistors as switching circuit. The proposed DAC is simulated using SPICE simulation program with 1.2 mum CMOS technology. Simulation results verify good performance of the circuit. Uludag Univ Bursa; Istanbul Tech Univ; Chamber Turkish Elect Engineers Bursa Sect; IEEE Power Elect Soc; IEEE Circuits & Syst Soc.

In this paper new simple Dual-input current-mode integrator/differentiator structures using differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC) are presented. The proposed circuits are composed of one DVCC and three passive components. The effects of the DVCC terminal tracking errors are analyzed, which shows that the time constants (tau) are practically active-insensitive. Compensation design equations are derived for correcting the value of tau that was altered due to the terminal tracking errors of the DVCC. The performances of the circuits are demonstrated on SPICE platform. IEEE Reg 8; IEEE Croatia Sect; Univ Zagreb, Fac Elect Engn Comp

A new realization of floating inductance and two R-L impedance simulators are presented, respectively employing three and two first generation current conveyors (CCI)s as active elements. All of the circuits use only plus type (CCI+)s and minimum number of passive elements. The circuits do not require component matching. The performances of the circuits are tested using SPICE simulation program.

In this paper new voltage-mode multifuction filters using operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and internally compensated operational amplifiers (OP-AMPs) are presented. The first proposed voltage mode multifunction filter can realize highpass and bandpass responses and the second proposed voltage mode multifunction filter can realize bandpass, lowpass and bandstop responses simultaneously. No external passive elements are required thus the circuit is suitable for monolithic implementation either with CMOS or bipolar technologies. All of the sensitivities are low. The performances of the circuits are tested using SPICE simulation program. IEEE; Tubitak; Istanbul Teknik Univ; Aselsan; Profile Telre; TURCom; Sgi; Datacore; Divit

In this paper, a new realisation of DVCC based current mode all-pass filter circuit is proposed. This circuit employs only one active element and three passive elements of which two are grounded. Using the proposed filter topology a new quadrature oscillator is presented as an application. SPICE simulations verify the theoretical results. IEEE; IEEE Circuits & Syst Soc; Univ Sharjah; Etisalat Coll Engn; Emirates Telecommun Corp; Amer Univ Sharjah; Thuraya Satellite Telecommun Co; Dubai Elect & Water Author

Phase equalizers also called all-pass filters are widely used to shift the phase of an analog signal without altering its magnitude. In this study, a new realization of phase equalizer using one current controlled conveyor (CCCII), one operational amplifier (op-amp) and two capacitors is presented. The proposed circuit does not use any resistors thus makes it suitable for integration. Also the pole frequency of the proposed circuit can be tuned electronically. Simulation results are included to verify theory.

In this paper new active only current-mode integrator and differentiator with electronically tunable time constants are described. They are composed of one operational amplifier (OA) and two operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), and are suitable for monolithic implementation either with CMOS or bipolar technologies. No realizability conditions are imposed for the proposed circuits and all of the active sensitivities are low. The performances of the circuits are demonstrated on the PSPICE platform.

In this paper a new CMOS high performance dual-output realization of the third generation current conveyor (CCIII) is presented. The proposed CCIII provides good linearity, high output impedance at terminals Z+ and Z-, and excellent output-input current gain accuracy. Also a new topology for realizing a first order trans-admittance mode all-pass filter using single CCIII is proposed. SPICE simulation results using a Mietec 1.2 mum CMOS process model (Alcatel Mietec Co., Paris, France) are included to verify the theory.

Telif hakkı yayıncıya ait. Construct a quadrature oscillator. These circuits are composed of operational amplifiers (OAs) and operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), without using external passive elements. Also as an application these circuits are used to construct a sinusoidal quadrature oscillator. The proposed circuits are suitable for monolithic implementation either with CMOS or bipolar technologies. All of active sensitivities are low. The performances of the circuits are tested using PSPICE simulation program.

In this paper two new CMOS configurations for current-controlled conveyor (CCCII) are proposed. The proposed circuits provide good linearity, very high input impedance at port-y, high output impedance at port Z and good input/output current gain. SPICE simulation results using TUBITAK 3 /spl mu/ CMOS process model are included to verify the expected values.

Minaei, Shahram (Dogus Author) -- Conference full title: International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, SCS 2003; Iasi; Romania; 10 July 2003 through 11 July 2003. A new first-order dual-input all-pass filter in current-mode operation using the differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC) is proposed. The novelty of the configuration is that the DVCC supplies high input impedances for applications requesting differential or floating inputs. PSPICE simulation results verifying theoretical analyses are also included.

A new configuration for the realization of current-mode single differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC)-based filters with high output impedance is presented. It can synthesise lowpass, bandpass and highpass filtering functions with a single DVCC connected to five passive RC one-port elements. However in all of the proposed filters only four of these passive elements are used. The pole angular frequency omega(o) of the proposed filters can be adjusted without disturbing the parameter omega(o)/Q. No component matching is required and all the sensitivities are low. SPICE simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis.

In this paper, a new current-mode (CM) Kerwin-Huelsman-Newcomb (KHN) biquad is proposed. The proposed circuit employs three differential difference current conveyors (DVCCs) as active elements together with two capacitors and four resistors as passive elements, which all are grounded. The circuit simultaneously provides the three basic filter functions, namely bandpass (BP), highpass (HP) and lowpass (LP) functions. The output signals are obtained at high output impedance ports, which is important for easy cascading in current-mode operation. SPICE simulation results are given to verify the theoretical analysis. EURASIP; IEEE; IEEE French Chapter

In this paper a new floating inductance simulator employing only active elements is proposed. The proposed circuit uses one internally compensated operational amplifier and one dual output current controlled conveyor (CCCII). The simulated inductance value can be controlled electronically by adjusting the bias current of the CCCII. No component matching constraints are imposed for the simulator and all active sensitivities are low. The performance of the circuit is demonstrated on a fourth-order elliptic filter using a SPICE simulation program

Telif hakkı yayıncıya ait. In this paper a new trans-impedance mode multifunction filter using opamp compensation poles is presented. The proposed circuit is composed of two internally compensated operational amplifiers (OAs) and four single-output operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), without using any external passive elements. The proposed multifunction filter can realize lowpass, bandpass and highpass responses simultaneously. Lowpass and bandpass responses have low output impedances. No matching condition is required. The circuit is suitable for monolithic implementation either with CMOS or bipolar technologies. All of the active sensitivities are low. The performance of the circuit is tested by using SPICE simulation program. IEEE

Telif hakkı yayıncıya ait. In this paper a new CMOS high performance dual-output realization of the third generation current conveyor (CCIII) is presented. The proposed CCIII provides good linearity, high output impedance at port Z and excellent input/output current gain. PSPICE simulation results using the MIETEC 1.2 μm CMOS process model are included to verify the expected values.

In this paper a new current-mode multifunction filter using opamp compensation poles is presented. The proposed circuit is composed of two internally compensated operational amplifiers (OAs) and five single output operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), without using external passive elements. The proposed multifunction filter can realize lowpass, bandpass, highpass and bandstop responses simultaneously all at high output impedances. The circuit is suitable for monolithic implementation either with CMOS or bipolar technologies. All of active sensitivities are low. The performances of the circuits are tested using SPICE simulation program. IEEE CAS Soc; Univ Zagreb, Fac Elect Engn & Comp; Portland State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept; IEEE Reg 8; Croatian Acad Sci & Arts; Ericsson; IBM; HP Invent; Hrvatski Telekom; Croatia Airlines

In this paper a new configuration for the realization of first-order current-mode all-pass filters with high output impedance is presented. It can realize first-order allpass filtering function using two current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) connected to four RC one-part elements. Eight different realizations for the proposed configuration are given in tabular form, which exhibit identical transfer functions but differ in the number of passive Components, component matching constraints possibility of electronically gain adjustment and other properties. PSPICE simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis. IEEE; Agcy Natl Reglementat Telecommun; Minist Enseignenment Super Rech Sci; Secretatiat Etat Aupres Minist Enseignement Super Rech Sci Charge Rech Sci; SEPTI; CNRST; Rectorat Univ Mohammed V-Agdal; Sicotel; Silvaco Data Syst; STMicroelectr; Mentor Graph; Commune Agda/Ryad; Off Natl Eau Potable; Barid El Maghreb

Minaei, Shahram (Dogus Author) -- Conference full title: 2011 7th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO 2011): Bursa, Turkey, 1 - 4 December 2011 In this paper, a new active element called voltage differencing inverting buffered amplifier (VDIBA) is presented. Using single VDIBA and capacitor a new resistorless voltage-mode first-order all-pass filter is proposed, which provides both inverting and non-inverting outputs at the same configuration simultaneously. The pole frequency of the filter can be easily controlled by means of internal transconductance. No component-matching conditions are required and it has low sensitivity. The theoretical results are verified by SPICE simulations using commercially available integrated circuit models.

Göknar, İzzet Cem (Dogus Author) -- Minaei, Shahram (Dogus Author) -- Yıldız, Merih (Dogus Author) -- Akçakaya, Ergül (Dogus Author) In this paper a new approach for a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) circuit operating in current-mode using a CMOS classifier core circuit, and its application to level crossing are presented. The proposed architecture is much simpler than existing PWM methods and the generated PWM signal can be controlled electronically through the control currents of a core circuit. Measurements performed with DU-TCC 1209, an IC designed and manufactured using 0.35 μm AMS technology parameters, show a perfect match with theoretical results.

In this paper new voltage-mode multifuction filters using operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and internally compensated operational amplifiers (OP-AMPs) are presented. The first proposed voltage mode multifunction filter can realize highpass and bandpass responses and the second proposed voltage mode multifunction filter can realize bandpass, lowpass and bandstop responses simultaneously. No external passive elements are required thus the circuit is suitable for monolithic implementation either with CMOS or bipolar technologies. All of the sensitivities are low. The performances of the circuits are tested using SPICE simulation program. IEEE Reg 8; IEEE Croatia Sect; Univ Zagreb, Fac Elect Engn Comp