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The use of green intelligent sensing systems which are based on triboelectric nanogenerators have sparked a surge of research in recent years. The development has made significant contributions to the field of promoting human health. However, the integration of an intelligent sensing system with multi-directional triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) remains challenges in the field of motion monitoring. To solve this research issue, this study designed a self-powered multifunctional fitness blanket (SF-MFB) which incorporates four TENGs, features multi-sensors and wireless motion monitoring capabilities. It presents a self-powered integrated sensing system which utilizes four TENG sensing units to monitor human motion. Each TENG sensing unit collects the mechanical energy generated during motion. The system is composed of SF-MFB, Bluetooth transmission terminal, and upper computer analysis terminal. Its main purpose is to wirelessly monitor and diagnose human sports skills and enables real-time human–computer interaction. The TENG integrated self-powered sensing system demonstrates practicality in sports skills monitoring, diagnosis, human–computer interaction and entertainment. This research introduces a novel approach for the application of TENG self-powered intelligent integrated sensing system in health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reliability analysis of vertically integrated protection devices is crucial for designing International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850-based substations. This paper presents the hardware architecture of a four-inone vertically integrated device and the information transmission path of each function based on the functional information transmission chain of protection devices, measurement and control devices, merging units, and intelligent terminals. Additionally, a reliability analysis model of the protection device and its protection system is constructed using the fault tree analysis method while considering the characteristics of each module of the vertically integrated device. The stability probability of the protection system in each state is analyzed by combining the state-transfer equations of line and busbar protection with a Markov chain. Finally, the failure rate and availability of the protection device and its protection system are calculated under different ambient temperatures using a 110 kV intelligent substation as an example. The sensitivity of each device module is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent approaches to the detection of cheaters in tests employ detectors from the field of machine learning. Detectors based on supervised learning algorithms achieve high accuracy but require labeled data sets with identified cheaters for training. Labeled data sets are usually not available at an early stage of the assessment period. In this article, we discuss the approach of adapting a detector that was trained previously with a labeled training data set to a new unlabeled data set. The training and the new data set may contain data from different tests. The adaptation of detectors to new data or tasks is denominated as transfer learning in the field of machine learning. We first discuss the conditions under which a detector of cheating can be transferred. We then investigate whether the conditions are met in a real data set. We finally evaluate the benefits of transferring a detector of cheating. We find that a transferred detector has higher accuracy than an unsupervised detector of cheating. A naive transfer that consists of a simple reuse of the detector increases the accuracy considerably. A transfer via a self-labeling (SETRED) algorithm increases the accuracy slightly more than the naive transfer. The findings suggest that the detection of cheating might be improved by using existing detectors of cheating at an early stage of an assessment period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the inclusion of pertinent information on electronic discharge summaries (eDS) after implementation of a revised template and electronic medical record (EMR) workflow. Methods. A retrospective medical record audit of eDS at three metropolitan hospitals was undertaken for adult inpatient encounters in June 2021 (pre-intervention, n = 100) and June 2022 (post-intervention, n = 100). The eDS were evaluated against 16 components listed in the Australian National Guidelines for the OnScreen Display of Discharge Summaries. Nine components were further broken down to between two and 11 sub-components. Sub-analysis compared a hospital with full EMR to pooled results from hospitals with hybrid EMRs. Components and sub-components were evaluated for inclusion only; accuracy or relevance of the information was not assessed. Results. Inclusion of three out of 16 components (presentation details: 47% vs 62%, problems and diagnosis: 61% vs 86% and recipient details: 82% vs 93%) and eight out of 36 sub-components (discharge destination, principal diagnosis, history of presenting complaint, infection risk, pressure injury, screening and/or diagnosis of delirium and GP phone number and address) was higher in the postintervention group (all P < 0.05). Reduced eDS information inclusion in the post-intervention group was observed for discharge date and falls risk only (both P < 0.05). Reporting of falls history decreased at the hospital with full EMR (71% vs 20% P < 0.001) but not at hospitals utilising hybrid EMRs (24% vs 30% P = 0.5). Conclusion. The intervention was associated with improved inclusion of pertinent information as described in the Australian National Guidelines for the On-Screen Display of Discharge Summaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of single and multiple secondary tasks on officers' performance and cognitive workload under normal and pursuit driving conditions. Background: Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of police line of duty injuries and deaths. These crashes are mainly attributed to the use of in-vehicle technologies and multi-tasking while driving. Method: Eighteen police officers participated in a driving simulation experiment. The experiment followed a within-subject design and assessed the effect of single or multiple secondary tasks (via the mobile computer terminal (MCT) and radio) and driving condition (normal vs. pursuit driving) on officers' driving performance, cognitive workload, and secondary task accuracy and reaction time. Results: Findings suggested that police officers are protective of their driving performance when performing secondary tasks. However, their workload and driving performance degraded in pursuit conditions as compared to normal driving situations. Officers experienced higher workload when they were engaged with secondary tasks irrespective of the task modality or type. However, they were faster but less accurate in responding to the radio as compared to the MCT. Conclusion: Police officers experience high mental workload in pursuit driving situations, which can reduce their driving performance and accuracy when they are engaged in some secondary tasks. Application: The findings might be helpful for police agencies, trainers, and vehicle technology manufacturers to modify the existing policies, training protocols, and design of police in-vehicle technologies in order to improve police officer safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate how different characteristics of head-up displays (HUDs) can impact the performance and subjective experience of players in action video games. HUDs are a very common way to display contextual information. However, very few studies have empirically investigated the influence of HUD design on player performance and experience from a human information processing perspective. Four experiments were conducted in which players of different levels of expertise played commercial action video games. The physical characteristics of HUD, that is, the physical appearance of the information on screen, such as size and colour (Experiments 1–2), and the semantic characteristics, that is, the composition (nature and content) of the information (Experiments 3–4), were manipulated. Player performance and subjective experience were systematically assessed. The results showed that players' performance and experience were impacted when the semantic characteristics of the HUD elements were manipulated and when their nature was relevant to the main task players have to perform within the game. The performance of more experienced players was particularly affected in this case. In contrast, the results did not show that altering physical or semantic characteristics that were less relevant to the game's main task would affect players' performance and subjective experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present in this article a detection system of ultrasounographic signal (USG) dedicated to the measurement of parietal rheology in human carotid artery. The aim of this practical work is to develop an ultrasonic method capable of visualizing the localized velocity profile of the carotid artery wall. The device produced makes it possible to take the USG signal from carotid wall of the human neck. It comprises an ultrasonic contact probe applied during the measurement (sensor), a signal shaping circuit, an acquisition and digitization interface in conjunction with an RS232 serial communication port and a local computer terminal hosting a graphical user interface (GUI) implemented in Visual Basic integrated development environment enabling the display, archiving and the digital processing of parietal ultrasonic signal. The aim of this study is to reconnoitering the possibility of using ultrasound for a continuous and non-invasive measurement of the arteries parietal rheology. In this work, a sensor of ultrasound is used to measure the movement and the speed of the carotid artery wall, an image of the arteries parietal rheology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real-time monitoring of landslide shear displacements is important for early warning of landslide hazards. However, distributed and real-time monitoring of landslide displacements cannot be fully realized by using existing monitoring methods. In this work, a new strain-sensing optical cable based on ultra-weak Fiber Bragg Grating (UWFBG) technology was designed. Two computational models to convert measured cable strains to shear displacements were proposed. Furthermore, experiments were conducted to verify the models. The advantage of the UWFBG cable is its ease of installation. In particular, it can be installed in abandoned inclinometer casings to extend the lifespan of existing inclinometer boreholes. The UWFBG cable and the proposed deployment method were applied to the Majiagou landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) area in China. Distributed deformation data were collected and transmitted to a remote computer terminal in real time (6-min interval). The monitoring results show that two shear deformation zones of the landslide were successfully identified by the UWFBG cable. The proposed method based on the UWFBG technology provides a new means to achieve distributed, real-time monitoring of landslide shear displacements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Research suggests that head‐mounted displays (HMD) can spark situational interest when they are used to provide science learning experiences that are not possible in traditional classroom settings. However, few studies have investigated the lasting effects of using HMDs in an authentic instructional intervention. Objectives: We investigated the effects of a one‐time experience of a virtual field trip to Greenland in a sample of 105 middle school students. Methods: Students used either a standard 2D video (video condition; N = 50) or an HMD (HMD condition; N = 55) as part of a six‐lesson educational activity on the topic of climate change. Informed by social cognitive career theory (SCCT), we investigated the effects of the different conditions (video vs. HMD) on the outcomes of self‐efficacy, outcome expectations, interest, and science intentions across three time points. Results and Conclusions: The results showed that using the HMD‐based virtual field trip, compared to the video, had a positive immediate effect on self‐efficacy and interest, and total later effects on self‐efficacy, outcome expectations, and interest an average of two and a half weeks after the virtual field trip. The results suggest that HMD‐based virtual field trips can influence self‐efficacy, outcome expectations, and interest more than a video‐based virtual field trip when measured approximately two and a half weeks after the intervention. Lay Description: What is currently known about the subject matter: Social Cognitive Career Theory provides a framework for understanding students' learning.Few studies have examined the effect of head‐mounted displays on science interest in the framework of Social Cognitive Career Theory. What this paper adds: The results suggest that virtual field trips based in head‐mounted display can foster self‐efficacy, outcome expectations, and interest more than video‐based virtual field trips. Implications of the findings for practitioners: Fostering learning through head‐mounted displays may increase students' interest in science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the awareness and perceptions of library users towards the use of Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC). The research adopted the survey research design using cross sectional survey research design of Quantitative research methodology, where a structured questionnaire was used to gather the data for this study. Three hundred and thirty five (335) questionnaires were distributed, Two hundred and ninety-eight were returned, and two hundred and ninety questionnaires were found useful for analysis, indicating 88.96-response rate for the study. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics employing frequencies and percentage. The study revealed poor awareness on the availability of OPAC in the library under study, which subsequently breeds the neutrality in the perceptions of the library users towards the use of OPAC. The study further revealed under-utilization of the OPAC facility in the library understudy, which is also attributed to the poor awareness of the users. Some of the challenges library users face when using OPAC include: Access restricted to the Library only; Inadequate computer terminals; Erratic power supply; Lack of ICT skills of the library staff; Frequent computer breakdown; Lack of skills to use OPAC independently and Lack of Computer Knowledge among others. It was also recommended in the study that proper awareness of Library services such as OPAC should be created through all means such as library orientation and other awareness creation programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Body temperature is a key physiological indicator to monitor the disease and estrus in pigs. The estrus status of sows can be identified to assess the health status by the rectal temperature with a thermometer in the large-scale pig farms at present. However, traditional manual identification and temperature measurement cannot fully meet the high demand of large-scale production, particularly with the increase in labor costs under the harsh epidemic prevention and control level. Fortunately, infrared thermography can be expected to monitor the body temperature of sows for the identification of sows in estrus. It is obviously different in the body temperature of sows in estrus and interestrus. Specifically, the body temperature in estrus is significantly higher than that in interestrus. In this study, the non-contact temperature measurement was proposed to identify the typical physiological state of sows. A Y3TB01 smart camera was first used for body temperature screening. An infrared thermography camera C3 was then utilized to capture the infrared images of sows in real time. An image analysis software was finally selected to obtain the body surface temperature after the non-contact temperature measurement. A total of 720 primiparous and farrowing sows were used as the study objects in this case. The body surface and rectal temperatures were measured during the nulliparous period, estrus, 1-8, and 9-16 d of gestation. The body surface temperature of the sows was measured using infrared thermography equipment, ranging from the eyes, ears, cochlea, udder, vulva, and rump. An electronic thermometer was utilized to measure the temperature of the rectal area. A correlation analysis was then performed between the body surface and rectal temperature, in order to screen the key sites of estrus and return to estrus temperature in the sows of different litters. The results showed that better performance was achieved in the Y3TB01 smart camera of body temperature screening (correlation coefficient of 0.973), compared with the rectal temperature measurement. The body surface temperature of sows was also accurately monitored in real time. The infrared thermal camera C3 was used to detect the abnormal body surface temperature of sows. The different sites of the sows were determined in estrus and returned to estrus by infrared equipment and thermometer. The accuracy rates of the vulva measurement site were 88% and 81% in estrus and returning to estrus, respectively, whereas, those were only 77% and 72% in the rump measurement site, respectively. Overall, the combination of the Y3TB01 smart camera of body temperature screening and infrared thermal camera C3 accurately and rapidly monitored the body temperature of sows in real time. The Internet of Things was then integrated to transmit the data into the cell phone or computer terminal. The warning alarm of the abnormal body temperature was realized to monitor the health condition of pigs. In addition, the temperature distribution was obtained at the body surface sites of sows in different litters and periods. The finding can provide a scientific basis for the non-contact identification of sows in estrus and return to estrus, particularly for the intelligent feeding management and epidemic prevention and control of sows in large-scale pig farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To obtain the field fuel moisture content ( FMC) for forest fire prediction, a FMC monitoring system is designed to obtain FMC in the field automatically and persistently. The FMC monitoring system is powered by solar-powered device, single chip microcomputer is used to control the load cell to obtain the fuel quality, data is transmitted to computer terminal by Beidou module or mobile phone terminal by Bluetooth, FMC can be obtained by built-in algorithm in terminal. The FMC monitoring system has been tested in extreme environment, long-term monitoring and cross regional verification test, and performed well in long-term monitoring with R² of 0. 98 and maximum MAE of 10. 8% in cross regional verification. Compared with the manual measurement of FMC, FMC monitoring system has great advantages in field FMC acquisition, which can save manpower and reduce error, and improve the accuracy of forest fire prediction effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of computer vision syndrome (CVS) in healthcare workers and its relationship to video display terminal (VDT) exposure, sociodemographic, optical correction and work characteristics, and to analyse whether there are differences among occupational groups. Design: Cross‐sectional study. Methods: A sample of 1179 physicians and surgeons, nurses, and nursing assistants from two hospitals in Spain between January 2017 and February 2018 were invited to participate in this study. Of these, 622 workers from both hospitals were finally included. CVS was measured using a questionnaire, the CVS‐Q©. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with CVS. All the results were stratified by occupational group. Results: The prevalence of CVS was 56.75% with nurses being the most affected occupational group (61.75%). It was associated significantly with female sex (aOR = 2.57; 95% CI 1.36–4.88) and morning shifts plus on‐call (aOR = 2.33; 95% CI 1.11–4.88) in the physicians and surgeons group. Among the nurses, it was associated with female sex (aOR = 2.35; 95% CI 1.03–5.37), seniority between 10 and 20 years (aOR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.03–4.59), VDT exposure at work of 2–4 h/day (aOR = 6.14; 95% CI 1.08–35.02), VDT exposure at work >4 h/day (aOR = 7.14; 95% CI 1.29–39.62) and self‐perception that using the software application was not easy (aOR = 2.49; 95% CI 1.23–5.01). Conclusions: A high prevalence of CVS among healthcare workers was observed. The risk factors that increased the likelihood of suffering from this syndrome depended on the occupation. Impact: The findings may be used as a reference for occupational health services to implement specific preventive measures to reduce CVS for each occupational group. Such measures should consider both individual factors and the working conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To validate and to determine the reliability of the computer vision syndrome questionnaire (CVS-Q) for the evaluation of the informatic visual syndrome in health care personnel in Lina. Methods: cross-sectional study carried-out in 82 health care workers. The validity of the instrument was evaluated by expert evaluation using the Aiken's V statistical method; construct validity was evaluated by factorial analysis; discriminant validity by the operator-receptor curve (ORC) contrasted with CSSV17 questionnaire; internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha and Spearman's Rho and intraclass coefficient correlation with 95% CI to evaluate test and r-test reliability. SPSS version 2.0 for Windows was used to process data. Results: Aiken's V obtained 100%; factorial analysis found 3 components that explained 69.455% of total variance. The ORC area was 0.889 [(0.845-0.934); IC=0.95] (p=0.000), sensitivity 72.22% and specificity of 100%. Cronbach's alpha was 0.939, Rho de Spearman 0.884 (p=0.000) and CCI 0.856 [(0.777 -- 0.907); IC=0.95] (p=0.000). Conclusions: The CVS&lowbar;Q is valid and reliable to be used in health care workers with good psychometric properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facing the need of modern agriculture to accurately grasp the information of farmland diseases and pests, this paper proposes an intelligent plant protection system. The system is composed of a wireless lens, temperature and humidity sensor, intelligent information terminal, and probe rod to realize the collection of plant images and meteorological information. At the same time, a software based on the mobile terminal and the computer terminal was developed. The plant images and meteorological data are transmitted to the server through Wi-Fi transmission. Combined with the expert knowledge model, a solution is generated, and the user can identify the current diseases and pests and obtain solutions at any time. The system can remotely and automatically monitor and warn of mainstream diseases and pests of field crops such as rice and wheat and provide support for fine plant protection management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has had a major impact on healthcare services with many changes to telehealth care delivery. More information is needed about the patient perspective of telehealth in hospital services and the potential costs and benefits for patients. Aim: To measure patients' evaluation of telehealth, preferences for telehealth versus in‐person appointments, and potential cost savings by patient characteristics. Methods: A cross‐sectional online survey (including patient and appointment characteristics, telehealth evaluation, preferences for care and costs) of adult patients using video telehealth in four metropolitan tertiary hospital services in Melbourne, Victoria. Results: A total of 1045 patients (median age 44 years; interquartile range 29–59) participated with an overall response rate of 9.2%. For 98.7% patients, telehealth was convenient, 96.4% stated that it saved time, 95.9% found telehealth acceptable to receive care and 97.0% found that telehealth improved their access to care. Most (62.6%) preferred in‐person consultations, although 86.9% agreed that telehealth was equivalent to an in‐person consultation. Those in regional and rural areas were less likely to prefer in‐person consultations. Patients attending for medical reasons were less likely to prefer in‐person consultation compared with patients with surgical reasons. Patient preference to telehealth was independent of level of education, appointment type, self‐rated health status and socio economic status. Patients saved an average of A$120.9 (standard deviation A$93.0) per appointment, with greater cost savings for patients from low and middle socio economic areas and regional or rural areas. Conclusion: Telehealth video consultations were largely evaluated positively with most patients considering the service to be as good as in‐person. Understanding patient preference is critical to consider when implementing telehealth as mainstream across hospital health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To verify the effects of physical therapy intervention on musculoskeletal symptoms of workers using computer terminals. METHODS: This is a quasiexperimental study, carried out with 48 workers who use computer terminals at a Cosmetics Industry located in the center-west region of Brazil. At first, the Sociodemographic Questionnaire and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) were applied. After the physical therapy intervention, the NMQ was reapplied. RESULTS: Comparison of the MNQ showed a reduction in symptoms in the last 12 months in the neck (2.38 to 1.98); shoulders (1.04 to 0.19); elbows (0.21 to 0.15); cuffs (1.42 to 0.17); lumbar region (2.17 to 1.96) and thoracic (0.96 to 0.48); hips/thighs (0.88 to 0.48); knee (1.17 to 0.83); ankle/feet (1.52 to 0.60) and, in the last 7 days, in the neck (0.83 to 0.54); shoulder (0.50 to 0.29); right elbow (0.06 to 0.04); wrists/hands (0.52 to 0); lumbar region (1.08 to 0.58) and thoracic (0.29 to 0); hips/thighs (0.38 to 0.33); knee (0.58 to 0.27), ankle/feet (1.02 to 0.25). There was a decrease in the prevalence of symptoms in the last 12 months (from 93.8% to 75%) with p=0.02. The comparison of NMQ activity showed p=0.03 in shoulders. CONCLUSION: The physical therapy intervention significantly reduced the complaints of musculoskeletal symptoms in different body regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the process of urban building design, a new integrated system for monitoring the environment is developed and designed by using embedded development technology and sensor technology. The system uses a wireless sensor network environment monitoring system IoT platform with embedded internal processors. Analyze and design the system as a whole, including the construction of the basic platform of the system, the design of the internal plates and circuits of the system, the monitoring design of the input node, and the monthly design of the output interface calculation. Finally, a physical model is built, and data measurement and analysis are carried out under different conditions, and the evaluation and advantage analysis of the system's operating status are given. The system can carry out all-round, multilevel, and three-dimensional real-time monitoring of the construction site environment, including dust, PM2.5, temperature, humidity, wind speed, carbon dioxide, and other indicators in the construction site environment. In addition, the system can upload various monitoring data to the detection system through the internal network. The system has the functions of monitoring, alarming, recording, querying, and counting of the target monitoring station and can also be linked with the environmental control device. The construction site staff can conduct real-time supervision through the mobile terminal and computer terminal management platform. In addition, it can also meet the role of real-time remote monitoring and online guidance and regulation. It has reference value for the safety and management of the actual operation process of the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Accommodative support (AS) lenses are a low add progressive addition spectacle lens designed to ease symptoms in computer vision syndrome (CVS). The study aims to investigate if (1) AS lenses improve CVS symptoms; (2) binocular/accommodative functions predict a benefit from AS lenses and (3) wearing AS lenses for six months impacts on binocular/accommodative functions. Methods: Pre‐presbyopic adults with symptoms of CVS (Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire, CVS‐Q©, score ≥ 6) were randomly allocated to wear AS lenses or control single vision (SV) lenses. The CVS‐Q© and a battery of optometric tests were applied at baseline and after three and six months. Participants and researchers were masked to participant group. After six months, the SV group were unmasked and changed to AS lenses and one week later asked to choose which they preferred. Results: The change in CVS‐Q© scores from baseline to six months did not differ significantly in the two groups. At the end of the one week period, when the control group wore the AS lenses, control group participants were significantly more likely to prefer AS lenses to SV lenses. No optometric functions correlated with the benefit from AS lenses. AS lenses did not have any adverse effects on binocular or accommodative function. Conclusions: In pre‐presbyopic adults, there was no greater improvement in CVS‐Q© scores in the group wearing AS lenses than in the control group. No adverse effects on optometric function (including accommodation) are associated with wearing AS lenses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel image compression framework named STSIC is proposed for both human and machine tasks. • The scalable image coding framework is employed in STSIC. • Swin-Transformer is used as the backbone of STSIC. • A feature fusion strategy is proposed to improve the performance of STSIC. Recently, as the visual data captured by smart terminal devices is mainly served for machine analysis, e.g., image classification, object detection, and sometimes also for human viewing in special scenarios, a new compression framework should be proposed to meet this demand. In this work, an image coding framework for machine analysis and human viewing simultaneously is proposed, termed STSIC. In order to leverage the relationship between the two tasks, STSIC is built upon a scalable structure, comprising a base layer for machine analysis and image preview at low quality, as well as an enhancement layer for high-quality image reconstruction. More specifically, features are extracted through the backbone and transmitted to the cloud side for tasks on the base layer. Different from the vast majority of existing works, we try to employ the Swin-Transformer as the backbone instead of a convolutional neural network (CNN). Additionally, due to the hierarchical structure of the Swin-Transformer, a feature fusion strategy is applied to generate a common feature that is more friendly to both human and machine tasks. The enhancement layer transfers the residuals between the original images and the reconstructed images from the base layer, thereby improving the quality of image reconstruction for human viewing. The experimental results show that STSIC outperforms relevant benchmarks on object detection, especially under low bitrates. As for image reconstruction, the advantage is weakened, but it still surpasses HEVC on the rate-distortion performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated undergraduate students' awareness, access and use of Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) in Federal University Libraries in North-East Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to determine the extent of undergraduate students' awareness about OPAC, their access to OPAC and to ascertain the extent to which the students make use of OPAC. The study used a quantitative research methodology using cross-sectional survey design to collect data from the respondents. A sample of 392 copies of a questionnaire were administered among undergraduate students in the selected university libraries, 314 copies of the questionnaires representing 80.1% were returned completed and found usable. The data collected were analyzed using tables and frequencies. The findings showed that most of the students were highly aware about the OPAC in their libraries; that the majority of students have access to the OPAC in their libraries with majority accessing it from computer terminals in the library. Furthermore, the findings revealed that majority of undergraduate students used the OPAC daily and many of them use it to select items for assignment, class presentation, and project work. The study recommended that there should be enough computers at the OPAC terminals, the university library should provide library user guide for fresh undergraduate students on how to use OPAC during library registration, organize orientation programmes on how to search information resources on OPAC, the OPAC interface designed should be made simple in order to encourage its use among the students and also ensure adequate provision of alternative sources of constant power supply to the terminals at all times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of coal mine intelligent technology, the complexity of coal mine equipment has been continuously improved and the equipment maintenance resources have been continuously enriched. The traditional coal mine equipment maintenance knowledge management technology can no longer meet the current needs of equipment maintenance knowledge management, and the problems of low utilization rate, poor interoperability, and serious loss of knowledge have gradually emerged. It is urgent to study new knowledge system construction and knowledge management application technology for large-scale coal mine equipment maintenance resources. Knowledge graph is a technical method to describe the relationship between things in the objective world by using a graph model. It can effectively solve the problem of knowledge dynamic mining and management under large-scale data. Therefore, this paper focuses on the establishment of a coal mine equipment maintenance knowledge graph system by using knowledge graph technology. The main research contents are as follows: Firstly, based on the current situation that there is no unified basic knowledge system in the field of coal mine equipment maintenance, this paper establishes the coal mine equipment maintenance ontology (CMEMO) to effectively solve the problem that there are no unified representation, integration, and sharing of coal mine equipment maintenance knowledge in this field and provide support for the construction of coal mine equipment maintenance knowledge graph. Then, aiming at the problem that the traditional named-entity recognition method has a poor recognition effect and relies too much on artificial feature design, this paper proposes a named-entity recognition model for coal mine equipment maintenance based on neural network (BERT-BiLSTM-CRF) and applies the model to the coal mine equipment maintenance data set for verification. The experimental results show that, under the same data set, the entity recognition effect of this model is more leading than that of other models. Finally, through demand analysis and architecture design, combined with the constructed ontology model of coal mine equipment maintenance field, the entity identification of coal mine equipment maintenance is completed based on the BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model and the Django application framework is used to build the coal mine equipment maintenance knowledge graph system to realize the functions of each module of the knowledge graph system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the near future, an Internet-of-things (IoT) environment will be realized across ubiquitous terminals such as computers and smartphones, supporting connections between people and machines. IoT platforms facilitate the deployment of various services to users; however, the information provided by these platforms is focused on the present state of things and environments. To realize a true IoT environment, there is a need for user-centric and seamless context-aware services as well as IoT control services based on environmental feedback. In this paper, we propose a dynamic mesh network configuration method to analyze real-time user context and provide seamless services, as well as a user context-aware abstraction mechanism. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we simulate a parking system, and then compare the performance to the best effort method, finding that performance was significantly improved. Thus, we expect that seamless context-aware services will become possible through the application of such methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess police officers' performance and workload in using two mobile computer terminal (MCT) configurations under operational and tactical driving conditions. Background: Crash reports have identified in-vehicle distraction to be a major cause of law enforcement vehicle crashes. The MCT has been found to be the most frequently used in-vehicle technology and the main source of police in-vehicle distraction. Method: Twenty police officers participated in a driving simulator-based assessment of driving behavior, task completion time, and perceived workload with two MCT configurations under operational and tactical levels of driving. Results: The findings revealed that using the MCT configuration with speech-based data entry and head-up display location while driving improved driving performance, decreased task completion time, and reduced police officers' workload as compared to the current MCT configuration used by police departments. Officers had better driving but worse secondary task performance under the operational driving as compared to the tactical driving condition. Conclusion: This study provided an empirical support for use of an enhanced MCT configuration in police vehicles to improve police officers' safety and performance. In addition, the findings emphasize the need for more training to improve officers' tactical driving skills and multitasking behavior. Application: The findings provide guidelines for vehicle manufacturers, MCT developers, and police agencies to improve the design and implementation of MCTs in police vehicles considering input modality and display eccentricity, which are expected to increase officer and civilian safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of police officers' deaths in the line of duty. Previous studies have found that officer distraction caused by in-vehicle technologies such as the mobile computer terminal (MCT) is one of the main causes of these crashes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usability issues of existing MCTs implemented in police vehicles across the U.S. and to provide recommendations to improve future technologies. Two focus group meetings were conducted with police officers from different departments. The discussion was analyzed based on Molich and Nielsen's usability principles and using a directed content analysis approach. The most frequently mentioned usability issues were related to the inappropriate presentation of information on the MCT and the lack of interface consistency and adaptability. The provided recommendations can be beneficial in improving police in-vehicle technology design and safety of officers in police operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceived usefulness and ease of use of Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) among undergraduates in Kwara state, Nigeria. The study specifically examined the perception of undergraduate students in University of Ilorin and Kwara State University about OPAC; ascertain the frequency of use of OPAC by undergraduate students in University of Ilorin and Kwara State University; investigate the perceived usefulness of OPAC among the undergraduate students in University of Ilorin and Kwara State University; examine the perceived ease of use of OPAC among the undergraduate students in University of Ilorin and Kwara State University; and identify challenges that undergraduate students in University of Ilorin and Kwara State University encountered while using OPAC. The research adopted survey method and employed stratified sampling technique to select 504 undergraduates as its sample from the population consisting of undergraduate students of University of Ilorin and Kwara state University. A self designed questionnaire tagged as "Questionnaire on Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use of OPAC among Undergraduate Student". Out of 504 copies of the questionnaire administered, 493 copies were returned and properly filled to give 97.8% return rate. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency and counts percentages while t-test and Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the hypotheses. The study revealed that there is a great relationship between perceived ease of use and the use of OPAC. Furthermore, the study found that there is a significant difference in the perception of male and female undergraduate students in University of Ilorin and Kwara State University about the OPAC.The studyconcluded that undergraduate students had positive perception about the usefulness and ease of use of OPAC while lack of assistance from library staff; unstable power supply; poor internet facility and inadequate computer terminals designated for the use of OPAC are the major challenges that undergraduate students in University of Ilorin and Kwara State University encountered while using OPAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the public stigma of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by their school-aged peers, focusing on both explicit and implicit attitudes. The twofold aims were to provide a broader picture of public stigma and to explore age-related changes in attitudes. Students completed an explicit measure of the public stigma and an implicit measure of attitudes after watching a video displaying children with ASD vs. typically developing (TD) children. Both measures showed more negative perceptions towards children with ASD compared to TD children. However, while explicit attitudes improved with age, implicit attitudes remained constantly negative. This finding suggests that both explicit and implicit attitudes should be considered when promoting an inclusive climate at school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I will argue for the relevance of certain distinctive features of messaging systems, namely those in which data (a) can be sent and received asynchronously, (b) can be sent to multiple simultaneous recipients and (c) is received as a "potentially infinite" flow of unpredictable events. I will describe the social technology of the stock ticker, a telegraphic device introduced at the New York Stock Exchange in the 1860s, with reference to early twentieth century philosophers of synchronous experience (Bergson), simultaneous sign interpretations (Mead and Peirce), and flows of discrete events (Bachelard). Then, I will show how the ticker's data flows developed into the 1990s-era technologies of message queues and message brokers, which distinguished themselves through their asynchronous implementation of ticker-like message feeds sent between otherwise incompatible computers and terminals. These latter systems' characteristic "publish/subscribe" communication pattern was one in which conceptually centralized (if logically distributed) flows of messages would be "published," and for which "subscribers" would be spontaneously notified when events of interest occurred. This paradigm—common to the so-called "message-oriented middleware" systems of the late 1990s—would re-emerge in different asynchronous distributed system contexts over the following decades, from "push media" to Twitter to the Internet of Things. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional map library full of map drawers, aerial photographs, atlases and globes has evolved to include computer terminals and data collection equipment. Library patrons are accessing maps and geospatial data digitally. As the library has changed, so has the role of the map librarian. Historically, specialized coursework for map librarianship has been minimal in graduate library science programs. To effectively support library users of geographic information system (GIS), education is needed in this field, as well. A survey was distributed to map librarians via email listserv with a goal of observing trends in job duties and educational backgrounds of today's map librarians. The views of 67 responding map librarians regarding training, professional development and the direction of map librarianship as a profession were also collected. The resulting data show a strong need for training opportunities for work with paper maps as well as GIS data and software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The dramatic increase in visual display units (VDU) in the workplace over a 20-year period is linked to the increased prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Objectives: The objective of our study was to compare ergonomic risk factors and work-related psychosocial factors in VDU users with and without MSD. Methods: Participants, with and without MSD, working with VDU for more than 4 h a day completed the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the Effort-Reward Imbalance Model and Over-commitment Questionnaire. The workstation of each participant was assessed for ergonomic risk factors using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA). Results: Sixty-eight VDU users with and 68 without MSDs participated. The workstation ergonomic risk factors as measured with the ROSA were similar for the two groups: 4.5 ± 1.0 for the MSD group and 4.3 ± 0.8 for the reference group (p = 0.10). The work-related psychosocial factors, namely over-commitment, were higher in the MSD group (14.9 ± 3.1) than in the reference group (13.8 ± 3.4; p = 0.041). Conclusions: As over-commitment is an indication of intrinsic factors and personal characteristics, the significant difference between the MSD group's over-commitment score and that of the reference group suggests that interventions to empower individuals are needed. Clinical implications: Physiotherapists should only adjust ergonomic workstation risk factors when established as contributory to MSD, and should be cognisant of work-related or individual psychosocial factors that may impact the patient with MSD. The use of ergonomic advice to patients with MSD should be performed with caution, taking all the work place risk factors for MSD into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper proposes a novel IoT sensing system for drive-by SHM. • The system architecture and design of the IoT sensing system are presented. • IoT sensing system design based on Raspberry Pi and 4G is presented. • The data collection and storage are designed and achieved on cloud. • Experimental validations are conducted to validate the accuracy of the IoT system. Vehicles equipped with various types of sensors have the great potentials to effectively evaluate the health conditions of a population of bridges at a low cost. However, existing drive-by structural health monitoring (SHM) methods acquire vehicle vibration responses offline and export them to a computer for postprocessing. Furthermore, the vehicle trajectory information on the bridge is important for scaling up the drive-by SHM for in situ applications, which is not synchronously measured by existing systems. Therefore, a single-board computer-based IoT sensing system for continuous and real-time drive-by bridge health monitoring is developed in this study. The developed IoT sensing system integrates a triaxial microelectromechanical system (MEMS) accelerometer, temperature sensor, GPS and 4G module on Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. The sensor node can be mounted on a moving vehicle to collect the triaxial acceleration responses, temperature and GPS information. A graphical user interface (GUI) is developed based on the Python Tkinter package to remotely control the sensor node and visualise the collected data in real time. The fast Fourier transform of the measured acceleration responses is performed on the sensor node inboard processor. The raw data are sent to both the cloud server and remote terminal computer through a 4G module. The goal is to provide a low-cost, accurate and scalable sensing system for easy implementation of drive-by bridge health monitoring. The system architecture and workflow of the developed IoT sensing system are presented in detail. A series of experimental tests are conducted to validate the accuracy of the measured acceleration responses and feasibility of using the developed IoT sensing system for drive-by SHM applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dual display desktop computers are becoming more prevalent in the home, workplace, and schools, yet there has been little research into how learning and productivity are impacted by having a second display. One useful method in exploring this question is to measure cognitive load during an intensive learning event. This study compared perceived cognitive load among participants in a military training program using one or two computer displays. Participants using dual monitors reported lower unnecessary cognitive load than participants using one monitor. The implications of these findings for theory and practice are discussed. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Our minds have access to limited cognitive bandwidth when learning new material.The difficulty of the material combined with the learners' previous experience impact how much cognitive load is induced while learning.Cognitive load requirements that exceed the learner's ability can hinder retention.Curriculum developers design lessons to maximize learning and reduce unnecessary cognitive load. What this paper adds: Using a second computer screen on a learner's desktop can reduce extraneous cognitive load by up to 20%.Reducing unnecessary cognitive load increases available bandwidth for learning and increases retention. Implications for practice and/or policy: Adding a second screen to learners' workstations can allow learners to process complex material more easily.Companies and universities can justify costs of additional equipment by increased potential for productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Video Display Unit use and Information Technology creates a host of problems like Ocular Problems and Work Related Musculo Skeletal Problems. Many experience visual symptoms including eyestrain, headaches, ocular discomfort, dry eye, diplopia and blurred vision either at near or when looking into the distance after prolonged computer use. Very few and sporadic studies have been done in this part of the world especially in India, to address the issue in all its scope. Aim & Objective: To find out the proportion of different ocular problems among the study population and to find out the association of their ocular problems with the socio-demographic, work related and ergonomic factors. Materials and methods: It was an institution based, cross sectional, analytical epidemiological study and was conducted over one-year period. The study population comprised of persons working with Video Display Terminals. A predesigned, semi-structured instrument for elaborating the socioeconomic, lifestyle related and a few job-related health behaviors were used. Combination of few instruments to elicit different morbidities like and many ergonomic checklists to evaluate office workspace were also used. Results: Of the total 79.1 % had any kind of ocular problems currently, with around 65% of them reporting to be having problem constantly in the last 12 months. Headache (63.6%) seemed to be the most important problem, followed by Eye fatigue (52.4%). Repetition of work and poor ergonomic practices turned out to be the statistically significant factors. Increased Years of working and female sex were also found to be important factors. Screen Character was found to be the most important risk factor of eye problems. Conclusion: A simple model was proposed where interaction of Individual factors and factors related to workstation was identified as the main culprit, which exaggerated by the repetition of work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to detect the soluble solids content of apples quickly and accurately, a portable apple soluble solids content detector based on USB2000 + micro spectrometer was developed. The instrument can communicate with computer terminal and mobile app through network port, Bluetooth and other ways, which can realize the rapid acquisition of apple spectral information. Firstly, the visible / near-infrared spectrum data and soluble solids content information of 160 apple samples were collected; secondly, the spectral data preprocessing methods were compared, and the results showed that the prediction model of sugar content based on partial least square (PLS) method after average smoothing preprocessing was accurate. The correlation coefficient (RP) and root mean square error (RMSEP) of the prediction model were 0.902 and 0.589 ° Brix, respectively. Finally, on the basis of average smoothing preprocessing, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and successive projections algorithm (SPA) were used to optimize the wavelength of spectral data, and PLS model was constructed based on the selected 17 characteristic wavelengths, which can increase the accuracy of soluble solids content prediction model, increase the RP to 0.912, and reduce RMSEP to 0.511 ° Brix. The portable visible / near infrared spectrum soluble solids prediction model based on the instrument and method has high accuracy, and the detector can quickly and accurately measure the soluble solids content of apple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Process optimization in computed tomography (CT) and telemedicine.Purpose: To compare image quality and objective diagnostic accuracy of medical-grade and consumer-grade digital displays/computer terminals for detection of intracranial aneurysms.Material and Methods: Four radiologists with different levels of experience retrospectively read a total of 60 patients including 30 cases of proven therapy-naïve intracranial aneurysm detectable on a medical-grade grayscale calibrated display. They had 5 min per case reading the first 20 datasets using only axial slices, the next 20 patients using axial slices and multiplanar reconstructions (MPRs), and the last 20 patients using axial slices, MPRs, and maximum intensity projections (MIPs). Three months after the first reading session on a medical-grade display, they read all datasets again under the same standardized conditions but on a consumer-grade display. Diagnostic performance, subjective diagnostic confidence, and reading speed were analyzed and compared. Readers rated image quality on a five-point Likert scale.Results: Diagnostic accuracy did not differ significantly with areas under the curve of 0.717-0.809 for all readers on both display devices. Sensitivity and specificity did not increase significantly when adding MPRs and/or MIPs. Reading speed was similar with both devices. There were no significant differences in subjective image quality scores, and overall inter-reader variability of all subjective parameters correlated positively between the two devices (P <0.001-0.011).Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy and readers' diagnostic confidence in detecting and ruling out intracranial aneurysm were similar on commercial-grade and medical-grade displays. Additional reconstructions did not increase sensitivity/specificity or reduce the time needed for diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sonographers have reported a high occurrence of musculoskeletal pain for more than 25 years. Assessments of occupational risk factors have previously been based on cross-sectional surveys. The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine which factors at baseline that were associated with neck/shoulder and elbow/hand pain at follow-up.Methods: A questionnaire was answered by 248 female sonographers at baseline and follow-up (85% of the original cohort). 208 were included in the analyses. Physical, visual, and psychosocial work-related conditions were assessed at baseline. Pain in two body regions (neck/shoulders and elbows/hands) was assessed at both baseline and follow up.Results: Pain at baseline showed the strongest association with pain at follow-up in both body regions [prevalence ratio (PR) 2.04; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-2.76], for neck/shoulders and (PR 3.45; CI 2.29-5.22) for elbows/hands. Neck/shoulder pain at follow-up was associated with inability of ergonomic adjustments at the ultrasound device (PR 1.25; CI 1.05-1.49), a high mechanical exposure index (PR 1.66; CI 1.09-2.52), and adverse visual conditions (PR 1.24; CI 1.00-1.54) at baseline. Moreover, among participants with no neck/shoulder pain at baseline, high job demands (PR 1.78; CI 1.01-3.12), and a high mechanical exposure index (PR 2.0; CI 0.98-4.14) predicted pain at follow-up. Pain in the elbows/hands at follow-up was associated with high sensory demands at baseline (PR 1.63; CI 1.08-2.45), and among participants without pain at baseline high sensory demands predicted elbow/hand pain at follow-up (PR 3.34; CI 1.53-7.31).Conclusion: Pain at baseline was the strongest predictor for pain at follow-up in both body regions. We also found several occupational factors at baseline that were associated with pain at follow-up: inability to adjust equipment, adverse visual conditions, a high MEI, high job demands and high sensory demands. These results point at a possibility to influence pain with better ergonomics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new technologies are changing the structure of public libraries in Peru. First, libraries introduced computer terminals to help them automate their services, then they began to use the World Wide Web and now they have incorporated a series of mobile devices. Mobile technology has provided Peruvian society with a varied ecosystem of devices to share and disseminate information of all kinds. One of these devices is the smartphone, whose wide range of features has consolidated its presence in people's lives. This article analyses the contribution that mobile technology is making to library services, identifying the types of application that could be used there and reporting on some of the projects undertaken to incorporate this technology into the Peruvian public library system. The results show that libraries could make greater use of mobile technology than they do, given the general public's consumption of mobile devices. With this in mind, the article identines the steps libraries need to take to initiate a technology plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In two experiments, subjects trained in a standard data entry task, which involved typing numbers (e.g., 2147) using their right hands. At an initial test (20 min or 6 months after training), subjects completed the standard task, followed by a left-hand variant (typing with their left hands) that involved the same perceptual, but different motoric, processes as the standard task. At a second test (2 days or 8 months after training), subjects completed the standard task, followed by a code variant (translating letters into digits, then typing the digits with their right hands) that involved different perceptual, but the same motoric, processes as the standard task. At test, for each of the three tasks, half the trials were trained numbers (old) and half were new. Repetition priming (faster execution times to old than new numbers) was found for each task, with extended delays only slightly decreasing the magnitude of the effect. Repetition priming for the standard task reflects retention of trained numbers, for the left-hand variant reflects transfer of perceptual processes, and for the code variant reflects transfer of motoric processes. There was, thus, evidence for both specificity and generalizability of training data entry perceptual and motoric processes even over very long retention intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sixty-four to 90% of computer users experience symptoms of computer vision syndrome (CVS). People with CVS symptoms experience neck pain (NP), and people with NP can have visual symptoms.Objectives: (1) To examine differences in CVS symptoms in computer users with and without persistent NP. (2) To determine relationships between visual ergonomics, demographics, and CVS in those with and without persistent NP DESIGN: Comparative cross-sectional observational study METHOD: An online survey consisting of multiple questionnaires including the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q), Visual Symptoms Survey (VSS), and Convergence Insufficiency Symptoms Survey (CISS) was completed by 167 participants.Results: The persistent NP group had significantly higher CVS-Q, VSS, and CISS scores (p <0.01) compared to controls. No relationships were found between visual ergonomics, demographics, and visual symptoms in both groups.Conclusions: People with persitent NP are more likely to present with CVS than controls. Clinicians should consider assessing visual symptoms in people presenting with persisting NP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have investigated how bus electrodes affect discharge and luminous characteristics of a discharge cell. Three-dimensional simulations have been performed in a coplanar structured alternating current plasma display panel cell, with phosphor saturation effect taken into account. There exists the optimal position of bus electrodes for high luminance and luminous efficiency. Considering bus electrode thickness, we have found that in-bus structure is a promising candidate for high luminance, high luminous efficiency, and fast operation plasma display panels. Our simulation results would be very useful to understand the influence of bus electrode on characteristics of a plasma display panel cell, and would also provide a general guidance to improve its display performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Judy and her collaborators used neutron diffraction to show that the color is controlled by the local environment of the Mn SP 3+ sp ion, providing a simple means to adjust the pigment color. This option [Ge(311) and open collimation] has been used for most of the high impact work on metal-organic frameworks performed at NIST. Ge(311) provides a long wavelength option that improved throughput dramatically and was ideal where a wide Q-range was not needed. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: This study examined the effects of display curvature, presbyopia, and task duration on visual fatigue, task performance, and user satisfaction.Background: Although curved displays have been applied to diverse display products, and some studies reported their benefits, it is still unknown whether the effects of display curvature are presbyopia-specific.Method: Each of 64 individuals (eight nonpresbyopes and eight presbyopes per display curvature) performed four 15-min proofreading tasks at one display curvature radius setting (600R, 1140R, 4000R, and flat; mm). Diverse measurements were obtained to assess visual fatigue, task performance, and user satisfaction.Results: The mean pupil diameter was the largest with 1140R, indicating this curvature radius was associated with the least development of visual fatigue; 600R was comparable with 1140R in terms of pupil diameter. The presbyopic group showed a 28.5% slower proofreading speed compared with the nonpresbyopic group, whereas their proofreading accuracy was comparable. For both groups, the mean visual fatigue increased significantly during the first 15 min of proofreading, as indicated by a decrease of 0.11 mm in the mean pupil diameter, an increase of 3.8 in the mean bulbar conjunctival redness, and an increase of 9.13 in the mean eye complaint questionnaire score.Conclusion: The effect of display curvature was not presbyopia-specific. Low visual fatigue was observed with 1140R and 600R.Application: Display curvature radii near or in the range of 600R and 1140R and frequent breaks are recommended for both presbyopic and nonpresbyopic groups to reduce their visual fatigue due to visual display terminal tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Computers are used as a means of social communication, for work and other purposes. However, patients with spinal cord injuries may have a higher risk than normal individuals with musculoskeletal problems when using computers owing to their inability to control respective postures due to problems in motor and sensory functioning. Objectives. This study is aimed at identifying the effect of computer desk heights on musculoskeletal discomforts of the neck and upper extremities and EMG activities in patients with spinal cord (C6) and upper thoracic spinal cord injuries. Methods. Participants of the present study were the patients diagnosed with ASIA A or B. The patients were divided into two groups according to their spinal cord injuries: C6 group and T2-T6 group. The level of the desk was set at 5 cm below the elbow, at the elbow level, and 5 cm above the elbow level. Electromyography was used to measure the duration of typing task EMG(%RVC) of the cervical erector spinae, upper trapezius, anterior deltoid, and wrist extensor. Subjective musculoskeletal discomfort (Borg-RPE) was measured at the end of the experiment. Results. The two groups showed differences in terms of RPE corresponding to each level of the computer desk (p<.05). Postanalysis revealed the C6 group had decreased RPE as the level of computer desk increased, whereas the subjects in the T2-T6 group had decreased RPE values in accordance with the decreasing level of computer desk (p<.05). In EMG, both groups had no significant differences (p>.05). However, in terms of the interaction between the muscles and the level of computer desk in both groups, the differences in the interactions of the upper trapezius and wrist extensor with each level of the desk were found (p<.05). Conclusion. This study is meaningful in that it confirms computer work posture and preference of spinal cord-injured individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Process monitoring is one of the important applications of acoustic emission (AE) method. During manufacturing process of materials and structures, microscopic defects affect their performance and reliability in some cases. AE method is an effective in-situ NDE technology for detection of occurrence of such defects. However, there are two problems here. Firstly, AE process monitoring is often disturbed by strong noise. Secondly, cables installation for AE measurement is often forbidden due to operational reason at the site, or it is impossible when the sensors are placed in sealed or rotating parts. The first problem can be suppressed by AE streaming with digital noise filter in the frequency domain. And the second problem can be avoided by wireless measurement. In order to solve both problems simultaneously, a wireless AE measurement system with streaming support was developed in this study. Two channels of streams with about 4 MHz of sampling frequency is available by a battery-powered computer board. Acquired waveforms are immediately transmitted to a high performance remote computer via Wi-Fi to do heavy processing for noise reduction and event detection. The noise level in the acquired waveform was lower than that of the conventional wired system because the wireless computer board was electrically insulated from the external power line. Furthermore, the new wireless system can use the same noise filter with heavy calculation as the conventional wired system. As a result, the new system enabled high effectiveness for process monitoring by high noise tolerance and wireless stream acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to establish a research method to find the optimal exploitation of the Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) in order to optimize reliability and operations in electrical distribution networks, this optimum is determined in two steps: 1) determination of the optimal choices of the substation to be remotely controlled, 2) the optimal number of substations, i.e. the optimal investment. For this, a multi-criteria optimization method combining a probabilistic approach and the Analytical Hierarchical Process was adopted to determine the principal points of the network; subsequently, a cost/worth analysis study was done to determine the optimal investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work evaluates the performance of some methods oriented towards the generation of the volume of four subdural hematomas (SDH), present in multi-layer computed tomography images. To do this, firstly, a reference volume is specified: the volume obtained by a neurosurgeon using the manual planimetric method (MPM); which allows the generation of manual segmentations of space-occupying lesions. In this case, these volumes are matched with the SDH. In parallel, the volumetry of the 4 SDHs is obtained, considering both the original version of the ABC/2 method and two of its variants, identified in this paper as ABC/3 method and 2ABC/3 method. The ABC methods allow the calculation of the volume of the hematoma under the assumption that the SDH has an ellipsoidal shape. In third place, SDH's are studied through an intelligent automatic technique (SAT) that generates the three-dimensional segmentation of each SDH. Finally, the percentage relative error is calculated as a metric to evaluate the methodologies considered. The results show that the SAT method exhibits the best performance generating an average percentage error of less than 5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wei, Z.; Xiao, X., and Pei, P., 2018. Design of mobile interactive terminal system for ship's remote wireless scheduling. In: Liu, Z.L. and Mi, C. (eds.), Advances in Sustainable Port and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 83, pp. 770–775. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. At present, the mobile interactive terminal system based on metaphor understanding for ship's remote wireless scheduling has slow response and high energy consumption. Therefore, a design method of mobile interactive terminal system based on Android for ship's remote wireless scheduling is proposed. First of all, the design elements of the mobile interactive terminal system is discussed, the overall design scheme of mobile interactive terminal system for ship's remote wireless scheduling is determined, and the system in the A/D conversion module and storage module are designed. Finally, the system software module is designed by analyzing the work content of the system, and the software component module is determined. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the system response speed and reduce the system energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]