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This paper shows for a Korean case study how the naphtha storage fraction and CO2 emissions from naphtha use in the petrochemical industry can be estimated. We have used the Non-Energy use Emission Accounting Tables model to estimate CO2 emissions by subtracting the carbon stored in products from the total carbon input. We also value the country's naphtha storage fraction by calculating carbon storage in basic chemicals. The naphtha storage fraction and associated CO2 emissions from non-energy use depend on the production and trade structure of a country. Therefore, it is reasonable for Korea (with its large production and net exports of chemicals) to estimate a county-specific storage fraction. The naphtha storage fraction estimated using the Non-Energy use Emission Accounting Tables model was over 90% in Korea between 2011 and 2015. It is much higher than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change default fraction of 75%. A revision of the naphtha storage fraction from 75 to 90% is proposed for Korea. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change allows countries to apply their own values that more accurately represent their country's situation. The Korean government is advised to consider this finding in its national emission accounting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers the author's insights on the need for the American people to have a sound understanding on scietific knowledge particularly when they pertain to the environment. The author mentions the different theories about the environment in the past including the role of aerosols in the destruction of the environment and theories and principles about the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). The author mentions other researches and studies that are important to the environment.

Thaumetopoea processionea is a serious defoliator of oak and of medical concern whose abundance has consistently increased throughout Europe during the past two decades. This study validates a previously published frost day/temperature sum model for predicting time of egg hatch of this species using five years of recent field data from South-West Germany. This model proved satisfactory for predicting the time of egg hatch of T. processionea. Hence, the model was used to retrospectively predict the time of egg hatch of T. processionea in the Karlsruhe area, which indicates that the time of egg hatch has fluctuated over the past 130 years. In the last two decades, however, predicted time of egg hatch is much earlier than the long-term average due to the increase in winter and early spring temperatures. Comparison of predicted time of egg hatch of T. processionea and long-term records of the time of foliation of its common host Quercus robur revealed that in the study area the temporal advance in the timing of both events was similar. This is not in accordance with recently published research on spring-feeding folivores, which report a diverging trend in the timing of egg hatch and budburst of their host plants as a consequence of human-induced climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on September 27, 2013. The document details the findings of the scientists on the crucial role of human beings on the increasing global temperatures. Moreover, the projected rise in temperature in 2100 and the pledge of several governments to hold the increase in temperature are also mentioned.