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Video games are an understudied sport featuring social interactions both similar and dissimilar to those in offline sports. While anonymity in online video games could create a space where minoritized groups experience more equitable treatment, offline social inequalities are translated into online video game interactions. Drawing on 20 semistructured interviews and 2,694 survey responses from self-identified queer men, I build a framework for understanding gender, sexuality, and racial/ethnic harassment in online video games. I argue that nerd masculinity is a protest masculinity that uses symbolic harassment to reframe masculine hierarchy online and enforce hegemonic nerd masculinity. With this study, I illustrate the prevalence of symbolic harassment and the channels it may follow to become direct harassment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Societies have relied on different cultural mechanisms to cultivate appropriate and timely models of heroic masculinity, which have included oral tradition, art, epic poetry, and theatre. In contemporary times, cinema has become one of the primary venues to disseminate masculine archetypes throughout a society’s collective conscious. In certain cases, heroic masculinity can be manifested when characters embrace their valor, courage, and physical prowess for the greater good while eschewing the potentially toxic elements of their personalities and powers. In Ryan Coogler’s 2018 film Black Panther, the dichotomy of toxic masculinity and heroic masculinity plays out through a series of ritual combats. Black Panther applies traditional and historically relevant motifs to show how its superhero addresses the question of toxic versus heroic masculinity; and, in the end the film condemns toxic masculinity by portraying a hero who embodies strength, wisdom, and inclusiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative phenomenological study used Harro’s (1997) Cycle of Socialization framework to explore how Latino men made meaning of their undergraduate experiences in relation to their sense of masculine gender identity. The findings center on the socialization of Latino masculine gender identity through familial norms and expectations, navigating student success challenges in relation to a learned aversion to asking for help, and developing a sense of liberation through an unlearning of masculine gender norms. This study provides implications for practice and research to advance support for undergraduate Latino men students through the study of the socializing role of the Latino family, a deeper integration of the Latino family into the undergraduate experiences of Latino men, and the support of Latino men through tailored peer-mentoring based programming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text explores the intersection of sports, imperialism, and indigenous cultures in the context of French and British colonialism. It discusses the history of Maori involvement in rugby in New Zealand and how Maori players used the sport to challenge racial and social boundaries. The text compares the coverage of Maori players in French and British press during rugby tours, noting the lack of recognition of their indigenous heritage in French reporting. The Maori All Blacks rugby team's tour in France in 1926-1927 challenged European superiority but was often described using racist tropes by the French press. The tour highlighted power dynamics between indigenous communities and French colonial administrators, as well as the limitations of French understanding and engagement with indigenous cultures. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the impact of a "corporeal turn" in early modern religious history on recent publications in Counter‐Reformation Catholic History. Scholars increasingly look towards the Church's legal archives in Rome as a source of information about ecclesiastical and theological attitudes to the body and sexuality. The figure of the priest has emerged as one of the most interesting subjects in that inquiry because of the richness of material about clerics which those archives hold. Scholars are now engaged in study of how past generations of theologians, ecclesiastical magistrates, and medics assessed priestly abilities and disabilities, priests' engagement in sexual acts, and their wider performances of masculine identities. Rome's role as a major centre in shaping Catholic masculinities is reinforced in this scholarship but a new study underscores the blurred boundaries between the lay and ecclesiastical in masculinities there. Overall, this research provides much new material both for rethinking historical questions about Trent's impact on reform discourses and also for commenting on contemporary debates in theology and Church politics about the nature of Christian priesthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on queer men's relationship with hegemonic masculinity and femmephobia. The study was conducted with the aim of investigating how different understandings of masculinity and femininity can fuel femmephobia. Ten posts within the Reddit forum "r/gaybros" were analyzed, along with their 1356 collective comments. Within the analysis, the users of r/gaybros were found to define their expression of masculinity as independent and free from any societal constraints or expectations. To be masculine meant resisting the stereotype that associates queerness with femininity. Femininity was then understood as failing to reach this construction of masculinity and as vacuously conforming to the stereotype that queer men are feminine. Consequently, the users constructed masculinity and femininity in a complementary and hierarchical way. Not only do they devalue and regulate femininity, but the femmephobia that they reproduce is a necessary part of their understanding of masculinity. This article consequently argues that the users of r/gaybros constructed a local form of hegemonic masculinity which contrasts with previous research that understands gay men as capable of imitating hegemonic masculinity but ultimately excluded from its construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effeminate gay bottoms, or gender nonconforming men who are anally receptive and/or give oral sex to other men who are also "gender nonconforming," are persistently marginalized in gay and LGBTQ+ communities in Britain and the US. For some LGBTQ+ commentators, "twink" has become relexified to mean a young-looking, slim, hairless effeminate bottom, whereas originally the term primarily denoted a body type and age bracket among gay men. This article explores how the twink has come to bear connotations of effeminacy and bottom subjectivity, highlighting the steady erosion of other available cultural terms to denote a bottom whose gender expression does not conform to dominant cultural masculine stereotypes. It offers an analysis of two key historical effeminate bottom identities in Britain and the US, the "fairy" and "queen," and argues that the twink not only now carries connotations originally attached to these historical identities, but that it merges their gendered and sexual connotations with new characteristics concerning age and body type that may cause considerable anxiety among contemporary gay men due to their unsustainable "shelf life." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an analysis of 4chan's /adv/ or 'advice' board – in which predominately male users seek advice on life matters – here we examine masculine ontological insecurity and its implications for understanding how 'toxic' masculine identities emerge, and how young men more generally struggle to make sense of their lives. Advancing extant scholarship, our findings uncover an 'on the cusp' masculine identity – subject to the anxieties and self-perceived failures which act as preconditions of toxic ideologies and outcomes, but also seemingly yet to practice such (il)logics. Responses from the community suggest three ways of addressing, or making sense of, the problems users faced. Finally, and of relevance to both the theorising of contemporary masculinities and related socio-positive interventions, we highlight the (seemingly) odd paradox of vulnerable male users being drawn to express their vulnerabilities on a platform notorious for its insensitivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following calls to engage more directly with the materiality of sex in geographies of sexualities, we draw on our overlapping research to explore how sexual desire and social intimacy were entangled in the emergence and consolidation of lesbians' and queer women's social spaces from the 1980s onwards in Sydney, Australia. Though largely applied in the context of understanding the formation of gay male communities, the concept of sex-based sociality offers a unique framework for examining the intersections between the practice of sex and the social formation of identities that are critical to placemaking activism. Yet, lesbians and queer women lacked the commercial infrastructure available to gay men that facilitated sex in social spaces, such as bars, bathhouses and nightclubs. Instead, women's pursuit of sex took place within more mobile, ephemeral geographies but in which the production of social pleasure and sexual wellbeing were equally emphasised. Following sex within and across these mobile sites – and indeed, across our own research trajectories – we reveal how lesbians and queer women were attuned to the possibilities of sex-based sociality in such provisional geographies. Moreover, by tracing these mobilities and attunements over time, we offer a counterpoint to histories of sexual politics that have focussed on gay men's experiences, and in doing so, provide critical correctives to the tendency to overlook women's sexual experiences within placemaking activism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Selves Engraved on Stone: Seals and Identity in the Ancient Near East, ca. 1415–1050 bce" by Serdar Yalçın is a book that explores the connection between late second millennium seals in the ancient Near East and identity. Yalçın analyzes 108 cylinder seals from the Kassite Babylonia, Middle Assyrian kingdom, and Hittite-controlled Syria periods to understand the cultural factors and expressions of identity encoded in them. The analysis reveals gender non-conformity among certain individuals, as well as communal affiliations and social hierarchies. This interdisciplinary study provides valuable insights into the diverse identities and societal roles of ancient Mesopotamians. [Extracted from the article]

This paper is an examination of identity narratives of a small group of trans‐national transpeople in Australia. We reveal the complex identity journey undertaken by this group. Transpeople of Sub‐continental origin consume a temporarily transformational journey negotiating, resisting and subverting the dominant discourses that construct heterosexuality, gayness, whiteness and femininity. They carve out temporary liminal spaces of resistance within which to perform as "weekend women." We identify transforming, transitioning, transcending across gender and ethnic boundaries, and see being enabled by specific transnational consumption imaginaries in liminal spaces meshed by intersectional of race/ethnicity and gender. We follow intertwined discourses that forms a "matrix of domination" and the way liminal thirdspaces create temporarily decolonized spaces that enable them to escape this matrix and perform a (trans)formative, movement back and forth between their weekday/weekend differently gendered/cultured selves. Ultimately, these decolonized thirdspaces bring only temporary release with inevitable return to their weekday male identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The goal was to examine (a) whether fathers' role‐level and status‐level identity salience are associated with father involvement (engagement, affection, responsibility) following divorce and (b) whether barriers to father involvement (coparenting relationship, divorce decree dissatisfaction) moderate associations between identity and involvement. Background: Father identity has been established as a predictor of father involvement. However, little is known about the effects of role‐level identity domains (caregiver identity, provider identity). Also, contextual factors may interfere with or support the enactment of father identities. Method: Fathers from a southeastern state (n = 116) who had experienced divorce within the past 3 months were included. Hierarchical regression was used to examine direct associations and moderation effects among key indicators. Results: Fathers' identity status salience was positively associated with engagement. Caregiving role salience was positively associated with responsibility. Provider role salience was positively associated with affection when coparenting cooperation was high and negatively associated with both affection and responsibility when coparenting cooperation was low. Conclusion: Findings suggest the importance of both the general father identity and role‐level identities to father involvement shortly following divorce. Coparenting cooperation may be an important mechanism for fostering involvement, especially for fathers who more strongly identify as financial providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the relationship between masculinity and national security. There may be a reluctance to view the values, attitudes, and beliefs associated with a particular version of masculinity as a driver for violence. Yet, the "real man" version of masculinity is consistently correlated with those who in engage in mass violence, mobilized violence, and violent extremism—which present a threat to national security. The "real man" identity is also correlated with significant gender disparities in quality of life including income, health, happiness, and mortality for men. Such grievances represent yet another driver of discontent and violence. National security requires that we recognize and understand potential threats and subsequently work to mitigate those threats. Men in the US military have traditionally been viewed as prototypical of masculine identity and its associated values, attitudes, and beliefs. As such, this version of masculinity represents a unique institutional context to examine the "real man" version of masculinity, and to advance gender equality and overcome the harms that rigid gender roles present to national security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special issue integrates gender analysis into the global history of outdoor activities in the Age of Empire by focusing on masculinities, a field that has received renewed attention from scholars. The premise of the special issue is that social constructions of masculinities in imperial settings functioned twofold. They operated simultaneously as methods to spread Western-colonial hegemonic values and as a means to expand territorial domains into far-off lands. In examining outdoor experiences, without taking the dominance of 'imperial' men over non-Europeans for granted, the contributions here presented develop an intersectional understanding of the conditions in which fashioning and self-perception of masculine roles were constantly contested and negotiated. Outdoor experiences, as seen in this special issue, were formative spaces of empire: while made possible thanks to the wide imperial networks in the colonial world, they existed on the margins of imperial rule. At the 'frontier' and in colonial battle-grounds, but also as leisure or free-time activities in transcultural contexts, outdoor experiences served to transform boys into men, and for men to test and perform hegemonic ideas of manhood and hence of imperial power. The essays are in two sections that highlight the dual processes of being and becoming 'manly' in the imperial outdoors. The first four contributions focus on archetypical roles of adult men in empires: the mountaineer, the hunter, the sportsman and the soldier. The second section approaches cases of scouting as formative spaces for boys in contexts of decolonisation in the early 1900s. The case-studies included in this special issue cover multiple imperial formations from the American Midwest, the Middle East to the British and Dutch Indies. These diverse cases serve to open up often Anglo-centric historiographies of gender and empire by emphasising the global momentum of new masculinities that were embedded in a trans-imperial fashion between ca. 1860 and 1960. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across the nineteenth century, European surveyors, explorers and mountaineers often sought to constitute the Himalaya as spaces of imperial duty, escape from civilisation, and manly experiences against and in nature. Rather than focusing on the homosociality of the better known climbing ventures of the twentieth century, this article instead considers the period before Mount Everest became the main prize. In particular, it examines an eclectic mix of Himalayan expeditions that made claims to the world 'altitude record': that is, the highest height ever climbed above sea level. The different ways that climbers discussed and doubted these record-seeking climbs in their accounts, and especially in talks at the Royal Geographical Society in London, provide a series of snapshots into manly self-fashioning around suffering and self-reliance at the edge of the British Empire. Here the masculinities of non-European guides and porters (especially Gurkhas) also always provided both a foil and a challenge. Ultimately, attempts on the altitude record reveal the way that casting the Himalaya as a space for the narration of masculine ideals and imperial expansion could be both mutually reinforcing and in conflict. Expressions of homosociality nevertheless also shifted across the nineteenth century, with the filling in of the last 'blank spaces' on the map seemingly narrowing the canvas for manly outdoor experiences. This was compounded by the way the Himalaya were constituted and maintained as spaces for manly experiences in part by the exclusion of women, even as women like Fanny Bullock Workman were themselves climbing towards record heights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives Surgery to masculinize the chest is a frequently sought-after procedure by transmen who wish to conform their physical appearance to their gender identity. In our study, the outcomes of surgical masculinization comprising subcutaneous mastectomy through a modified elliptical incision, liposuction, reduced inert nipple–areola grafting, and quilting stitches were analyzed. Materials and Methods Thirty-two transmen with large breasts and hypertrophied nipples and areolae underwent the above-mentioned masculinizing procedure in this prospective cohort study. Our statistically validated institutional aesthetic outcome assessment score (IAOAS) was used to analyze the outcomes at the end of the follow-up period. Results The average period of follow-up was 24.5 months. The average final IAOAS was 23.1. The rate of complications was found to be associated with using breast binders. In all, 22 of 32 patients (68.75%) had an excellent outcome score, while 10 patients (31.25%) had a good outcome score (p = 0.025). Conclusion Top surgery is crucial for transmasculine patients to achieve their desired gender identity as males. It is imperative that this procedure is performed to their complete satisfaction. Our single-staged comprehensive approach of subcutaneous mastectomy and liposuction with reduced inert nipple and areola grafts, which aids in a swift transition to a male role, is a prerequisite for bottom surgery at our institute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent, UK-based studies have focused on the construction of working-class masculine identity and documented changes and softer displays among young men. This article contributes to this literature and is based on ethnographic research conducted in Wales, UK, and a sample consisting of the most marginalised working-class young men often associated with protest masculinity, homophobia and misogyny. The findings illustrate that although the participants disclose behaviours linked to protest masculinity, they also demonstrate softer masculine displays, including physical tactility, sensitivity, gender-egalitarian views and rejection of homophobia. Although the elements of protest masculinity discount the embodiment of pure inclusive masculinity, the changes in views and behaviours among the subgroup of working-class young men are significant and congruent with other research in this field. The combination of gender practices is conceptualised as 'amalgamated masculinities', a fusion of locally constructed protest masculine characteristics and softer masculine attributes adopted through external cultural influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catherine Ingrassia's book, "Domestic Captivity and the British Subject, 1660–1750," explores the language of captivity in 18th-century British literature and its representation of material practices and cultural attitudes. Ingrassia focuses on the domestic captivity of British subjects, particularly women, and how it existed alongside the plantation slavery of transported Africans. She analyzes works by popular authors of the time, such as Aphra Behn and Richard Steele, to demonstrate how the discourse of captivity was shaped by Britain's colonial enterprises. Ingrassia's book provides valuable insights into the cultural history of slavery and the entanglement of material and metaphoric forms of captivity in the British Atlantic world. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses two monographs, "Masculine Domination in Henry James's Novels: The Art of Concealment" by Wibke Schniedermann and "Masculinity in the Work of Elizabeth Gaskell" by Meghan Lowe, which explore the complexities of gender in Victorian literature. Schniedermann's book focuses on Henry James's novels and examines how his female protagonists attempt to break free from gendered domination. Lowe's book analyzes Elizabeth Gaskell's work and argues that her novels present masculinity as pluralistic and shaped by various contexts. Both monographs contribute to the understanding of gender in Victorian literature, although Schniedermann's book relies heavily on Pierre Bourdieu's theories and could benefit from incorporating more nineteenth-century gender scholarship. Lowe's book, on the other hand, offers a comprehensive examination of masculinity in Gaskell's work, but its broad approach may limit its depth on specific topics. Overall, these monographs provide valuable insights for scholars interested in gender studies and Victorian literature. [Extracted from the article]

The spatial dialectics reveal themselves in gender relations, which reproduce and maintain gender inequalities. This article analyses meaning-making processes around the home space and masculine identities that focus on spatialized gender relations. This research was conducted in the relatively modern city of İzmir, Turkey. The study explores the negotiation of masculine identities at home. The analysis draws upon critical discursive psychology and identifies interpretative repertoires and subject positions related to men's accounts of masculine identities, practices, and roles as men at home. Two interpretative repertoires were revealed that positioned men in two contradictory but complementary roles. Men were positioned as the primary responsible person for the home's public space-related needs and as helpers for domestic chores. Moreover, the 'help' discourse was used by men, referring to modernization. Also, various discursive strategies men used to legitimise their limited contributions to domestic chores were revealed. The findings discuss what these discourses accomplish regarding masculine identities, wider power relations, and gendered social practices that maintain them. Such discourses have a substantial role in reproducing and maintaining gender inequalities in the home. Revealing these discourses is important for changing the traditional understandings of gender and everyday discursive practices since discourse and ideology produce each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a major pest insect in maize. New cultivars and climate change have allowed range expansion of the crop northwards in Europe, and a similar range expansion of associated pests has been predicted. ECB exists as two distinct pheromone strains using different blends of (E)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate for sexual communication; in addition, the Z‐strain feeds almost exclusively on maize. In Sweden, the maize cropping area has increased tenfold during the last two decades, increasing the potential for spread of the Z‐strain, which was recorded for the first time in the country in 2010. Aim of the study/methods: In this study, we performed trapping experiments with strain‐specific lures in maize fields in southern Sweden during 2013–2022 to monitor the presence and relative abundance of the two ECB strains and evaluate the potential increase of the Z‐strain. Trapping was also performed at least 5 km away from maize fields. Molecular markers were used to verify the strain identity of trapped males and larvae that fed on maize. Results: Catch data revealed that both pheromone strains were present in the major maize cultivation areas of Sweden, as predicted by recent modelling studies. Our data indicate that the flight period of ECB in southern Sweden lasts from the middle of June to late August, with peak flight in July. Catches of both strains were low at all trapping sites and throughout the study period and decreased further during the years following the dry summer of 2018. No Z‐strain males were trapped far away from maize fields. Conclusion: Based on our results, and the low levels of ECB‐related damage observed in local maize fields, the Z‐strain is currently not imposing a threat to Swedish maize growers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Mental health inequalities across social identities/positions during the COVID-19 pandemic have been mostly reported independently from each other or in a limited way (e.g., at the intersection between age and sex or gender). We aim to provide an inclusive socio-demographic mapping of different mental health measures in the population using quantitative methods that are consistent with an intersectional perspective. Methods: Data included 8,588 participants from two British cohorts (born in 1990 and 2000–2002, respectively), collected in February/March 2021 (during the third UK nationwide lockdown). Measures of anxiety and depressive symptomatology, loneliness, and life satisfaction were analysed using Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) models. Results: We found evidence of large mental health inequalities across intersectional strata. Large proportions of those inequalities were accounted for by the additive effects of the variables used to define the intersections, with some of the largest gaps associated with sexual orientation (with sexual minority groups showing substantially worse outcomes). Additional inequalities were found by cohort/generation, birth sex, racial/ethnic groups, and socioeconomic position. Intersectional effects were observed mostly in intersections defined by combinations of privileged and marginalised social identities/positions (e.g., lower-than-expected life satisfaction in South Asian men in their thirties from a sexual minority and a disadvantaged childhood social class). Conclusion: We found substantial inequalities largely cutting across intersectional strata defined by multiple co-constituting social identities/positions. The large gaps found by sexual orientation extend the existing evidence that sexual minority groups were disproportionately affected by the pandemic. Study implications and limitations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prescription-type opioid use disorder (POUD) is often accompanied by comorbid anxiety, yet the impact of anxiety on retention in opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is unclear. Therefore, this study investigated whether baseline anxiety severity affects retention in OAT and whether this effect differs by OAT type (methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) vs. buprenorphine/naloxone (BNX)). Methods: This secondary analysis used data from a pan-Canadian randomized trial comparing flexible take-home dosing BNX and standard supervised MMT for 24 weeks. The study included 268 adults with POUD. Baseline anxiety was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), with BAI ≥ 16 indicating moderate-to-severe anxiety. The primary outcomes were retention in assigned and any OAT at week 24. In addition, the impact of anxiety severity on retention was examined, and assigned OAT was considered an effect modifier. Results: Of the participants, 176 (65%) reported moderate-to-severe baseline anxiety. In adjusted analyses, there was no significant difference in retention between those with BAI ≥ 16 and those with BAI < 16 assigned (29% vs. 28%; odds ratio (OR) = 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.94–4.40; P = 0.07) or any OAT (35% vs. 34%; OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 0.77–3.21; P = 0.21). In addition, there was no significant effect modification by OAT type for retention in assigned (P = 0.41) or any OAT (P = 0.71). In adjusted analyses, greater retention in treatment was associated with BNX (vs. MMT), male gender identity (vs. female, transgender, or other), enrolment in the Quebec study site (vs. other sites), and absence of a positive urine drug screen for stimulants at baseline. Conclusions: Baseline anxiety severity did not significantly impact retention in OAT for adults with POUD, and there was no significant effect modification by OAT type. However, the overall retention rates were low, highlighting the need to develop new strategies to minimize the risk of attrition from treatment. Clinical Trial Registration: This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03033732). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the metaphoric and symbolic creations of sexual transportations, transgression, transsexual and transformation in Eudora Welty's fiction through her embrace of fluid identities. Topics discussed include mixed train as coupling of impossible opposites in "Delta Wedding," masculine and feminine identity in "Moon Lake," transgender and queer references and African American autonomy and freedom in "The Ponder Heart," and gender issues of cars in "Losing Battles."

This article explores the value of urban history and material culture in the study of memory. More specifically, it offers an examination through a masculine lens of the ways in which urban icons have impacted and shaped individual and national identities. The article focuses on Bulnes Square in Santiago de Chile and the Eternal Flame of Liberty as a key place and symbol of Augusto Pinochet's "fascism in progress." I draw on local press archives, advertising, and photographs to further explore the gender metaphor of state and nation as expressions of monolithic nationalism and their perpetuation of a hypermasculine tone, examining their links to place and national memory construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Men have never been absent from the arena of food preparation, although their participation has been primarily in the public sphere rather than the private domestic space. Men have also been involved in the preparation of traditional sweets and snacks in sweet shops and street stalls. On the other hand, women’s association with food preparation, especially traditional food preparation inside the household, still dominates the popular imagination in regions like South Asia. In Assam (India), pithas are an emblematic food item in the ‘‘Assamese’’ cultural landscape that is popularly perceived to be prepared by women. However, my ethnographic experience suggests that pitha preparation and sale can be studied in relation to performance of masculinities when it comes to the public urban space of Guwahati (Assam). As men have entered the public spaces as pitha sellers and to a large extent prepare it themselves, it was observed that bishakh (trust) is a crucial part of the diverse performance of masculinities and ‘‘Assameseness.’’ The perceptions, negotiations, and enactment with the concept of trust is a pivotal aspect of men entering an otherwise popularly imagined feminized zone of pitha preparation. It is important to attract buyers, wherein the ideal image remains that of a woman preparing traditional food using her manual labor. Further, this article argues that bishakh, which is significant in infusing ‘‘Assameseness’’ in buying and selling pithas, can also be understood at the cusp of contemporary regional politics in Assam, class markers, caste hierarchy, and religious indicators along with gender performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing feminist discursive analysis, this article examines the public rhetoric and activism of the anti-immigrant group, the Dustin Inman Society (DIS), in order to analyze how and to what ends the DIS mobilizes the memory of a dead, White child in service of anti-immigrant animus. The article demonstrates that by positioning the rhetorical figure of the Child as an oracle of the national future, the DIS frames its anti-immigrant activism as nothing less than a struggle for the survival of the next generation of (White) Americans, of a sacred American-qua-White culture, and of the nation itself. This rhetorical, ideological, and affective framing of the White Child justifies and legitimizes a particular kind of ethnonationalist male protectionism against both the 'illegal invasion' of Latina/o immigrants and a feminized federal government. The DIS's racist and gendered rhetoric simultaneously contributes to rising swells of White ethnonationalism and travels along preexisting channels of racism and White (masculine) supremacy that are carved deep into US society. This analysis reveals much about the complex interrelationships between White masculinity and ethnonationalism, xenophobia, and nativism, and about how these rhetorical framings aid in the (re)definition of American citizenship as racialized, able-bodied, genealogical, and above all, White. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research presented in this paper supports claims by feminists and queer theorists that there are numerous and diverse sex/gender/desire categories (Bem, 1995). Taken from a broader digital ethnography of digital sex markets in the United Kingdom, the findings are based on ten in-depth interviews with those who identified as men or 'gender flexible' and who buy and/or sell sex within digital markets. The participants featured in this paper used digital sex markets as a space to explore and express non-normative/subversive sexual and gender identities. Yet for many of them, these subversive acts were bounded by the market, so they were able to uphold masculine heterosexual identities outside of sex markets. The relative privacy of digital sex markets empowered them to maintain heterosexist power, reducing the social risks of stigmatisation and ostracisation associated with subversive sexual and gender identities. The thematic analysis revealed the limitations of heteronormative and homonormative labels and assumptions of sex work relations, thus, prompting the need to write this paper. Framing sex markets in narrow binary terms, as either homosexual or heterosexual markets, or research participants as customers or workers do not reflect the fluidity and diversity evident in this small yet revealing sample. The study shows multiple and fluid expressions of sex/gender/desire; and a duality in market roles as workers and/or customers amongst men engaged in digital sex markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a bibliography from The Hemingway Review, providing a list of recent books and essays related to Ernest Hemingway's life and writings. The bibliography includes a guide to Hemingway's Key West, a book debunking Hemingway myths, an analysis of Hemingway's gender fluidity, a glossary and commentary on The Garden of Eden, a biography of F. Scott Fitzgerald, a study of Hemingway and ecocriticism, and various essays on topics such as intertextuality and translation. The bibliography aims to provide a comprehensive record of scholarly contributions to Hemingway scholarship, including sources in languages other than English. [Extracted from the article]

Diagnostic of transsexualism and gender incongruence are terms to describe individuals whose self-identity does not match their sex assignment at birth. A transgender woman is an individual assigned male at birth (AMAB) on the basis of the external or internal genitalia who identifies and lives as a woman. In recent decades, a significant increase in the number of transgender people has been reported. Although, its etiology is unknown, biological, anatomical, genetic, environmental and cultural factors have been suggested to contribute to gender variation. In XY animals, it has been shown that environmental endocrine disruptors, through their anti-androgenic activity, induce a female identity. In this work, we described four XY individuals who were exposed in utero to the xenoestrogen diethylstilbesterol (DES) and were part of the French HHORAGES cohort. They all reported a female transgender identity starting from childhood and adolescence. This high prevalence of male to female transgenderism (1.58%) in our cohort of 253 DES sons suggests that exposure to chemicals with xenoestrogen activity during fetal life may affect the male sex identity and behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commentators have predicted that Australian male primary school teachers will be extinct within 50 years. Drawing upon sociological ideas about the emergence of 'caring masculinities', this article qualitatively examines popular Australian understandings about male primary school teachers, their importance, why they are declining and whether, and how, this gender imbalance can be addressed. The study analyses data from 541 comments posted in response to nine online media pieces on male primary school teachers in Australia. The article shows that commenters believe men teaching young children experience stigmatised masculine identities but misplace the cause of this as the result of women and anti-feminist 'anti-male bias' rather than the constraining impact of hegemonic masculinity. The article suggests that until more caring and progressive forms of masculinity are culturally and economically valued in Australia we will see little change in the numbers of men entering primary school teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the Arab community of Israel, the influence of masculine perceptions, violence, the carrying of weapons, and their subsequent use are growing concerns that significantly impact public safety. The omnipresence of social media further complicates this narrative, potentially reshaping traditional notions and behaviors associated with masculinity. This study endeavors to delve deep into the relationships between masculinity, violence, and weapon carrying and use and the role that social media plays in shaping these dynamics among Arab adolescent boys and young men in Israel. By employing a qualitative constructivist lens, the research integrated content analysis, digital ethnography, and rhetorical semiotic analysis. The participants included 40 Israeli Arab Muslim and Christian adolescent boys and young men. A recurrent theme was the belief in "Maktub", signifying preordained events, pointing to a profound cultural relationship with fatalistic views on violence. Participants' backgrounds in relation to violence influenced their stance on weapon carrying. There was a prevalent mistrust towards law enforcement. Social media's role was pronounced, with genre preferences acting as indicators of violent inclinations. Culturally sensitive interventions are imperative, and it is essential to construct an early childhood educational program that includes positive male role models while collaborating with epistemic authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexism has implications for people's physical and mental health. Thus, understanding sexism and its prevalence is key to understanding the phenomenon. In the current study, 717 Colombian men and women completed the brief scales of Ambivalent Sexism toward women and men and the Gender Identity Scale. The assessment was conducted using a web-based method. Both scales, as expected, were two-dimensional. Reliability ranged from.83 to.88. Moderate and high correlations were observed with the Gender Identity Scale. Men showed higher levels of hostile and benevolent sexism toward women and benevolent sexism toward men. It was also found that the higher the level of education, the lower the rates of sexism toward men and women. The brief scales were valid and reliable for measuring hostile and benevolent sexism in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Young people's gender practices and the function of the school in shaping these practices have become a contentious issue in Chinese public discussions over the past decade. This article explores an emergent strain of thinking within this debate: that schools should promote the notion of gender equality. Focusing on the case of Daode yu fazhi (Morality and legal rule) textbooks currently used in all junior high schools (Grades 7-9) across the country, the article employs qualitative textual analysis to examine whether and how the gender equality principle is presented to youth in the Xi Jinping era (2012-). The study finds that the Xi-era textbooks promote the principle of equality between men and women and urge young people to fight for the implementation of this principle. In a notable break from the past, the books also acknowledge the existence of diverse gender practices among contemporary youth. At the same time, the textbooks endorse the notion of "natural" gender difference and "harmonious" gender complementarity. The books also censor gender/sexuality expressions that do not conform with hegemonic binary gender norms. Reflecting patriarchal and heteronormative ideologies reinforced by nationalist politics and a growing moral anxiety about the blurring of boundaries between masculinity and femininity, the Xi era curriculum ultimately leaves little space for flexible gender formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Men in Place: Trans Masculinity, Race, and Sexuality in America" by Miriam J. Abelson is a book that explores the experiences of trans men living in different regions of the United States. Through interviews with sixty-six trans men, Abelson examines how race, sexuality, and class shape their understanding of masculinity in rural, urban, and suburban spaces. The book highlights the concept of "Goldilocks masculinity," a hybrid form of masculinity that reflects a receptivity to feminist, queer, and antiracist critiques while still reinforcing gender, racial, and sexual inequality. Abelson also addresses the ways in which whiteness, class, and heteronormativity intersect with masculinity, and emphasizes the importance of collective resistance to challenge systemic power relations. [Extracted from the article]

In the Greek region of Thrace, the category of Muslim "Minority" citizen has long had social and legal consequences. But is it possible to evade minority status by avoiding recognition as a Muslim? This paper analyzes two representations of "passing" – attempts to access majority status or rights by avoiding classification as Muslim. The first, a Greek TV drama, depicts a young man's social passing as he struggles to conceal his Minority identity. The second – an example of legal passing – depicts a man avoiding legal classification as a Muslim to have his estate administered under Greek civil rather than Islamic inheritance law. Analyzing "passing" across these contexts illuminates anxieties around minority legibility and how legal and social practices intersect to regulate identity and rights. This analysis problematizes how popular culture representations may unsettle or reinforce the idea of Muslims as a discrete, separately administrable, population of citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impacts of human-centric brand attributes and their associated dimensions on advocacy by the consumers. This study also tests the moderating role of gender identity of the consumers on the above stated issue. The paper adopted a mixed mode approach where at first a primary list of attributes was purified based on the qualitative comments of academics and industry experts. Later on, authors collected 861 primary quantitative data from young consumers of a developing country and analyzed those through structural equation modeling. This study offers a 29-attribute eight-dimensional brand personality and WOM model for smartphone brands. Results revealed that quick problem solver, empathetic, professionalism, trustworthy, and competent are the preferred human-centric attributes among the young customers while choosing a smartphone brand. Results also found that gender identity plays a significantly differentiating role while spreading positive WOM for a smartphone brand. Young users with masculine identity emphasize on sociability and intellectuality dimensions and their associated human-attributes while promoting positive WOM regarding the smartphone brand. Users with feminine traits on the other hand share more about emotionality and physicality aspects of the brand during advocacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arguably the most recognizable figure of Galician manhood on screen today is the aging drug kingpin, as the burgeoning cinematic genre of Galician narco noir exposes global audiences to Galicia’s key role as a gateway for the steady flow of cocaine into Europe. This article engages with current debates in aging, masculinities and disability studies to examine the depiction of the elderly male drug lords in two recent works pertaining to the Galician narco noir genre; Nemo Bandeira, protagonist of the series Vivir sin permiso (2018–2020), based on a short story by Manuel Rivas, and Antonio Padín from the film Quien a hierro mata (2019), a Galician-Spanish co-production directed by Paco Plaza. It is argued that the intersection of aging masculinities with illness and disability in the representation of older drug lords perpetuates but also renegotiates preconceptions about Galician manhood, reflecting broader issues relating to the representation and commodification of gender, age, illness, disability, and power in popular culture. In the context of the stereotypically “masculine” sphere of organized crime, analysis of how the older male demographic is represented in noir brings insight into the construction of Galician identities on screen more generally, signaling to perceptions of the wider societal impact of crime, corruption, and impunity in Galician society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to comprehensively understand student‐migrant men's identities and masculinities in transnational spaces in Canada. Building on existing literature on transnational masculinities, and partly on identity process theory, I focus on upper‐caste Punjabi men who came to Canada as international students. Through in‐depth interviews with 22 men, I explore the significance of landownership back home, caste identity and transnational communication in constituting the hegemonic masculinities in transnational spaces and the 'othering' within the Punjabi community faced by young men in Canada. By examining how young men respond to the complexities of source and host situation as well as their hegemonic content, I demonstrate the relational and fluid nature of hegemonic Punjabi masculinities. I conclude that even though the hegemonic ideal for men in transnational spaces remains to be the local rural masculinities based on landownership in Punjab, alternative strategies are put in place when that hegemonic ideal becomes difficult to achieve in transnational spaces or when there is a willing disinclination to achieve it such as in case of men who do not express a desire to return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study critically analyses popular and children's science magazines published in Kerala, a southern state of India. It examines how these magazines construct an ideal Hindu nation and citizen through different narratives. Here, I argue that the imagery of popular children's magazines in Kerala is rooted in the Hindu ideal – wherein dominant masculine characters and a glorified Hindu cultural past are foregrounded. In these magazines, the idealisation of Hindu masculinity takes place through presenting Muslims as less progressive / incapable of acquiring "modern standards". In this context, the Hindu emerges as a reformer who helps the Muslim to "acquire modernity". Also, children's science magazines view science as a means for liberation from religion and irrational beliefs through critiquing "irrational" stories in popular Malayalam children's magazines. But a close examination of science magazines reveals that it is embedded in the very religious ideologies from which it is seeking liberation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research indicated that levels of dietary live microorganisms were inconsistently associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between consumption of live microorganisms and symptoms of depression. Data on 21,653 study participants were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary information was assessed using a self-report questionnaire. Depressive status was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Generalized linear model, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analyses were performed in this study. After full adjustment for confounders, participants in the moderate–dietary microbe intake group had a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms than those in the lowest intake group [odds ratio (OR): 0.813, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.678–0.974, P = 0.026, and pseudo R2 = 0.12]. Participants in the highest–dietary microbe intake group had a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms than those in the lowest intake group (OR: 0.714, 95 % CI: 0.586–0.870, P = 0.001, and pseudo R2 = 0.12). An L-shaped dose–response relationship was observed in the RCS (the P value for nonlinear relationship = 0.007). In subgroup analyses, participants with male identity, normal weight, and high physical activity (PA) level showed a substantial correlation between dietary live microbe consumption and depressive symptoms (all P values for interaction <0.050). This study was limited by its cross-sectional study design, and self-reported dietary live microbe consumption and depressive symptoms. A high dietary live microbe intake was nonlinearly correlated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. • Dietary live microbe intake was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. • An L-shaped dose–response relationship was observed. • Multiple statistical methods were used to obtain more comprehensive results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the history of sexuality during the American Civil War and explains two versions of homosexuality that make meaning of the war, which are male-male intimacy and identity and deviant sexuality. It examines Civil War novels that depicted disunion between male romantic friendship to make sense of Confederate failure, as well as homoeroticism to make points about U.S. politics. It analyzes theories on the perversion of African American male sexuality.

The dissolution of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) in seawater has altered its carbonate chemistry in the process of ocean acidification (OA). OA affects the viability of marine species. In particular, calcifying organisms and their early planktonic larval stages are considered vulnerable. These organisms often utilize energy reserves for metabolism rather than growth and calcification as supported by bulk RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) experiments. Yet, transcriptomic profiling of a bulk sample reflects the average gene expression of the population, neglecting the variations between individuals, which forms the basis for natural selection. Here, we used single‐embryo RNA‐seq on larval sea urchin Heliocidaris crassispina, which is a commercially and ecologically valuable species in East Asia, to document gene expression changes to OA at an individual and family level. Three paternal half‐sibs groups were fertilized and exposed to 3 pH conditions (ambient pH 8.0, 7.7 and 7.4) for 12 h prior to sequencing and oxygen consumption assay. The resulting transcriptomic profile of all embryos can be distinguished into four clusters, with differences in gene expressions that govern biomineralization, cell differentiation and patterning, as well as metabolism. While these responses were influenced by pH conditions, the male identities also had an effect. Specifically, a regression model and goodness of fit tests indicated a significant interaction between sire and pH on the probability of embryo membership in different clusters of gene expression. The single‐embryo RNA‐seq approach is promising in climate stressor research because not only does it highlight potential impacts before phenotypic changes were observed, but it also highlights variations between individuals and lineages, thus enabling a better determination of evolutionary potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the intersection of grievances, identity threats, and gender-based violence in the radicalization and attacks of post-9/11 lone actor terrorists in the United States. Before their attacks, many perpetrators committed acts of gender-based violence, and most experienced stressors related to the performance of hegemonic masculinity, a culturally constructed set of norms that places value on dominance and accomplishment. This study hypothesizes that these stressors might have been perceived as identity threats, catalyzing the attackers' downward spiral toward violence. A thematic diagram relating stressors, male identity, and lone actor terrorism is offered as an alternative framework for understanding radicalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perceptions of the COVID‐19 virus varied drastically in the United States, with many people highly concerned by health‐related consequences (realistic threats) and many others concerned by sociocultural implications (symbolic threats). Across three studies, we tested whether differing realistic and symbolic COVID‐19 related threat perceptions varied along gender and political identity near the 2020 US Presidential Election. In all three studies, we found that realistic COVID‐19 related threat perceptions were positively associated with a liberal political identity; this pattern did not vary by gender. In Studies 1 and 3, symbolic COVID‐19 related threat perceptions were positively associated with a conservative political identity and also did not vary by gender. In Study 2, however, the association between symbolic threat and political identity did vary by gender. Symbolic COVID‐19 related threat perceptions were positively associated with a conservative identity for men but not women; for women, threat and political identity were unrelated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers a series of satirical pamphlets written against women – Les Caquets de l'accouchée – in which the male narrator covertly records women's gossip in the bedroom of a recently delivered woman. Scholars have largely focussed on the fluid gender identity of a male visitor within this sphere of all-female sociability. This study instead takes a closer look at the accouchée's visitors, in order to demonstrate that their identity, and the subjects of their quarrelling, are more than they first appear. Drawing from early modern dichotomy between conservative masculine order and female disorder, this study aims to show that female characters in the Caquets are not mere satires of female discourse. Rather, they are a hybrid blend of misogynistic views on the female intellect, and paradoxically, the mouthpieces for a conservative, nostalgic return to order which contemporaries would have regarded as antithetically masculine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of conferences in the late nineteenth century significantly changed the ways in which the international scientific community functioned and experienced itself. In the early modern Republic of Letters, savants mainly related through print and correspondence, and apart from at local and later national levels, scholars rarely met. International conferences, by contrast, brought scientists together regularly, in the flesh and in great numbers. Their previously imagined community now became tangible. This paper examines how conferencing reshaped the collective of international scientists by zooming in on the massive meetings of the International Congress of Applied Chemistry, 1893–1914. Drawing on Emile Durkheim's studies of religious gatherings it analyses the ritualization of routine conference practices, such as plenary ceremonies, toasts, ladies' programmes and committee meetings. It looks at how roles were distributed as participants performed as hosts and guests, and in masculine and feminine and national and international identities. Importantly, it shows both how the sacralization of chemistry as a higher aim served to instil senses of dedication in order to organize labour and mitigate conflict, and how the self-perception of the international chemical community was based on contemporary understandings of parliament, democracy and representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To identify the demographic predictors of lack of current mental health (MH) treatment among university students with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Methods: Adult university students with a self‐identified diagnosis of an SSD (schizophreniform, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder) were identified from the 2019–2020 Healthy Minds Study survey. In this study, pertinent demographic factors included age, race/ethnicity, sex assigned at birth, gender identity, sexual orientation, parental education, financial stress, and employment. Multivariable modelling was used to investigate the demographic predictors of lack of current psychotherapy treatment, no current antipsychotic use, and lack of any MH treatment (defined as concurrent lack of psychotherapy and antipsychotic treatment). Results: Of the 135 included students with a SSD, the median age was 23 years old and 79 (58.5%) were assigned female at birth. Fifty‐five participants (40.7%) lacked any current MH treatment. In fully adjusted models, lack of current MH treatment was associated with working more than 20 h per week (OR 2.9 [1.2–7.1], p = 0.02). No current antipsychotic use was associated with Hispanic/Latino race/ethnicity (OR 4.2 (1.2–14.5), p = 0.04). Lack of current psychotherapy treatment was associated with cisgender male identity (OR 5.5 [2.0–15.2], p < 0.01), working greater than 20 hours per week (OR 6.5 [2.2–19.2], p < 0.01), and having one or more structural or attitudinal barriers to care (OR = 4.6 [1.5–13.9], p < 0.01). Conclusions: The demographic predictors of lack of current MH treatment varied between psychotherapy and antipsychotic use, suggesting university health centres should consider interventions targeting several at‐risk populations to increase treatment use among students with a SSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intersex persons are also the creation of Allah(azza wa Jallah). They have sexual deformity (having both genital organs i.e., masculine and feminine) or none of any. They are also bound of the Islamic commandments. The Sharīʿah commandments for intersex (Khunthā Ghair Mushkal) are obvious whose identity is clear. The rulings for such person regarding worship or any other social issues will be same as that of other Muslims. The second kind is intractable intersex person (Khunthā Mushkal) whose identity is difficult to determine due to equivalent signs. Such person also keeps one particular identity either of male or female. This article focuses on the rulings about worship and other social matters of intersex person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]