1. Mechanistic pathways and kinetic studies of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs).
- Author
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Sönmez, Turgut, Uecker, Jan, Hamzah, Hairul Hisham, and Palkovits, Regina
- Subjects
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OXYGEN reduction , *CATALYTIC activity , *NITROGEN , *METAL-air batteries , *SURFACE area - Abstract
Herein, four different metal-free nitrogen containing Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs) based on their applied monomers (DCP, DCBP, m DCB and p DCB) are synthesized via a classical ionothermal synthesis route (ZnCl 2 , 400/600 °C). These materials are fully characterized and their electrochemical activities for ORR are tested and compared to each other including Carbon Super P and Pt black as standards in 0.1 M KOH. While DCP provides similar catalytic activity to Carbon Super P showing mostly a 2eˉ process (n=2.95) with high H 2 O 2 formation of 52.6 %, the other three CTFs (DCBP, m DCB and p DCB) possess higher ORR activities, surprisingly even much higher limiting current densities than Pt black, proving that O 2 is mainly reduced via direct 4eˉ pathway since n values are in the range of 3.52 to 3.62 and the detected H 2 O 2 values are in the range of 19–23.9 %. Among the studied CTFs, m DCB reaches a limiting current density of −5.61 mA cm-2 (1.21 mA cm-2 larger than that for Pt black, −4.40 mA cm-2) with 0.11 V larger onset potential compared to Pt black. The significant electrochemical performances of the CTF materials in ORR via a 4eˉ process are correlated to the high specific surface areas (up to 2500 m2 g-1), large pore volumes (up to 2.05 cm3 g-1) and the largest total N-graphitic/quaternary contents as well as micro-mesoporous structure properties. [Display omitted] • Four N-containing Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTF) were synthesized via a classical ionothermal route. • Three CTFs provide higher ORR activities, with much larger limiting current densities than Pt black. • O 2 is mostly reduced through a direct 4eˉ process rather than 2eˉ process at three CTFs. • The N-graphitic/quaternary sites are the active sites for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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