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Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's 2006 novel, Half of a Yellow Sun , utilizes a non-chronological, polyvocal narrative structure to depict a group of people's lives before and during the Nigeria-Biafra War of 1967–70. Throughout its structure, the novel centers questions of authorial rights and suitability, as it through its internal metatext, "The World Was Silent When We Died," problematizes who authors stories of Biafra. Through a narratological investigation of the novel's implementation of polyvocality and internal focalization, I argue Half of a Yellow Sun refuses to provide an easily accepted authorial choice that atones Ugwu of his participation in rape. Instead, the narrative devices expose his projection toward sexual assault and reveal his misogyny toward women. The novel simultaneously condemns and accentuates the harming effects of male-dominated discourse where perpetrators control the narrative and exclude and/or skew the experiences of women victims of sexual assault as it calls for a diversity of voices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of including heritage speaker perspectives in undergraduate linguistics education. It emphasizes the need for instructors to create an inclusive and welcoming environment for heritage speakers, acknowledging their diversity and providing individual evaluation and support. The text proposes interventions for introductory linguistics courses to include discussions on bi- and multilingualism from a heritage speaker perspective. It argues for asset-based pedagogies that prioritize students' diverse positionalities and views them as resources to nurture. The article also discusses the importance of centering heritage speaker perspectives in linguistics courses, improving the learning environment for all students and celebrating student differences. Additionally, the given text provides references and author information for a research project aiming to enhance the understanding and teaching of Creole languages in the linguistics classroom. [Extracted from the article]

In this commentary, we discuss common pitfalls associated with the study of race and language, focusing specifically on the recent emergence of raciolinguistics as a frame for these efforts. We examine how raciolinguistics can be taken up in ways that silo discussions of race from the rest of linguistics—as something that the "raciolinguists" do—such that careful study of issues including colonialism, power, and societal hierarchies is perpetually pushed to the margins of the field. We also consider how the nominalization of raciolinguistics can suggest that race and language are agreed upon objects in ways that reproduce troublesome essentializations. We show how a raciolinguistic perspective can resist such tendencies by continually interrogating the colonial reproduction and transformation of modern knowledge projects and lifeways across societal contexts, as well as by continually examining the fundamental nature of language, race, and power. We end with what we see as the implications of a raciolinguistic perspective for all of linguistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complexities of Arabic phonology have been documented in detail in particular in the dialectological and theoretical phonological traditions. In this paper we argue for the incorporation of a third perspective into Arabic linguistics, an Arabic-internal typological perspective. Eleven geographically representative dialects are compared along a common parameter, the structure of simple CaCaC nouns and verbs, followed by the addition of first one, then two suffixes. The suffixes are either identical across the noun/verb categories or are closely parallel. These basic structures are treated descriptively, and in addition two quantified indices, a paradigm diversity index and a consistency index are developed to facilitate a comparative overview. The phonological parameters are fundamental to Arabic: the treatment of short stressed/unstressed vowels in open syllables, constraints on CCC sequences or trisyllabic syncope for instance. What emerges is a cline of increasing phonological complexity as one, then two suffixes are added. Most striking, however, is the role played by morphophonology in informing the ever increasing degree of variation among the eleven dialects. Arabic syllabic phonology and morphophonology emerges as paradoxically at one and the same time, parsimonious and complex. A very few phonological rules produce a very high degree of contrastive forms among the eleven dialects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Germany, the efficiency of cultural diplomacy is ensured by the "separation of powers" approach: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as the official lead agency for foreign policy, holds the decision-making power, while leaving the concrete implementation to cultural intermediaries. This paper aims to explore Germany's cultural diplomacy strategies in China by analyzing the content of the public account operated by one of its main institutions in China, the German Cultural Center Beijing - Goethe-Institute. It combines qualitative and quantitative research methods and integrates the disciplinary perspectives of linguistics and intercultural communication. Our findings suggest that the Germany's cultural diplomacy strategies are characterized by preference, pluralism, interaction and individualism. These findings can also provide an optimizing path for China's own cultural institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In visual narratives like comics, the most overt form of perspective-taking comes in panels that directly depict the viewpoints of characters in the scene. We therefore examined these subjective viewpoint panels (also known as point-of-view panels) in a corpus of over 300 annotated comics from Asia, Europe, and the United States. In line with predictions that Japanese manga use a more 'subjective' storytelling style than other comics, we found that more manga use subjective panels than other comics, with high proportions of subjective panels also found in Chinese, French, and American comics. In addition, panels with more 'focal' framing, i.e. micro panels showing close ups and/or amorphic panels showing views of the environment, had higher proportions of subjective panels than panels showing wider views of scenes. These findings further show that empirical corpus analyses provide evidence of cross-cultural variation and reveal relationships across structures in the visual languages of comics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at reconsidering aspects raised by criticism of Rachel Kushner’s The Mars Room (2018). While almost universally praised for its contents, the novel has been met with a more diverse response as far as its stylistic and narrative structures are concerned. By adopting a double methodology, grounded in traditional close reading and quantitative tools derived from corpus stylistics, this analysis addresses the issue of voice and perspective in Kushner’s novel in order to show how ultimately traditional their use is. These findings thus clash with previous views on The Mars Room, and they confirm the more aprioristically identifiable impact certain narratological features (such as focalization) tend to have on style when compared to broader notions like that of voice, which intrinsically involves a broader ‘field of action’ and is thus more problematic when it comes to quantification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study applies a cultural conceptualizations framework within the multidisciplinary field of Cultural Linguistics to the analysis of gratitude in dissertation acknowledgements (DAs), as a culturally-embedded genre written in Persian and English by native speakers of Persian. Benefitting from a corpus analysis approach to Cultural Linguistics, 185 English and 196 Persian DAs from language-related fields were selected randomly from DAs written in national universities in Iran as the corpus for the study. Grounded theory-driven analysis revealed a number of similar and different representations of Persian cultural schema and cultural metaphors between the sampled Persian and English DAs. Additionally, the unclosed cultural conceptualizations revealed a selective transfer of Persian cultural conceptualizations to the DAs written in English. The paper concludes with reference to the emergence of Persian English in the DAs. By complementing genre analysis with a Cultural Linguistics perspective, the study contributes to the literature on comparative genre analysis of DAs, moving it beyond move-step analysis to a more systematic in-depth cultural analysis. In addition, the findings advance the literature on Cultural Linguistics by revealing a relationship between cultural schema and cultural metaphor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In so doing, researchers can identify what a corpus represents, that for which the corpus data can account, and how to design and use corpora effectively to generate, refine, and/or answer research questions. For example, as corpus linguistics has become more widespread, taken-for-granted views of representativeness in corpus research have become more evident, where the iterative interrogation of representativeness as a guiding concept appears to be increasingly assumed and unreported, as opposed to argued or evaluated in corpus research ([6]). McEnery, T. Brezina, V. 2022 Fundamental Principles of Corpus Linguistics Cambridge University Press xii + 314 I Fundamental Principles of Corpus Linguistics i makes a valuable contribution to the fields of linguistics and applied linguistics, by offering an in-depth, philosophical perspective on corpus linguistics as a field and methodology. In I Chapter Five - Everyday Linguistics: Form and Function i , the authors reflect on the nature of language performance as imperfect as well varieties of language, such as learner language, to illustrate the importance of recognising the functionalist foundations of corpus linguistics. [Extracted from the article]

The narratological instrument of internal focalization offers a hitherto unexplored perspective on the narratives in 1 Samuel, in general, and on the Jonathan narratives, in particular. Internal focalization means that, in the narrative, the viewpoint of a character in the story is chosen, though not necessarily that of the main character. It appears that in contrast to most of the Old Testament (OT) prose, the book of 1 Samuel is abundant in the varying use of internal focalization. Applied to the David-Jonathan narratives, it is Jonathan who is the internal focalizer. This means we read about Jonathan's thoughts, emotions, and perceptions instead of David's. David, however, acts as focalized object, which means the focus of attention of the internal focalizer (Jonathan) is on David. This new perspective on the David-Jonathan narratives leads to fresh insights into the issue of the seemingly one-sided love of Jonathan for David. This may very well be explained by the fact that Jonathan is the internal focalizer. Hence, we read about his feelings for David. It does not necessarily mean that David has no similar feelings for Jonathan, but the narrator simply does not highlight these. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers a reading of Wallace Stevens' "The Snow Man" in terms of its affective affordances. It is argued that the poem rhetorically imagines the possibility of having "a mind of winter" as being incapable of affect, that is, being inhuman. Thus, the central theme of the relation between mind and world is cast as a double encounter between the human and non-human as well as the inhuman and the non-human. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Notwithstanding theoretical simulations of distinctive cognitive processes and load of consecutive (CI) and simultaneous interpreting (SI), quantitative linguistic inquiry into their outputs is needed for solid empirical evidence. As a fundamental law of quantitative linguistics, Menzerath–Altmann Law (MAL) mirrors the economic processing of linguistic information and complex dynamic language system. Given its extensive validation at various linguistic levels and predictive power of its parameters in register, language and authorship differentiation, MAL is worthy of being applied to interpreting studies. We endeavour to investigate whether interpreted languages follow the MAL and reveal varied cognitive load of CI versus SI, as manifested by different MAL fitting models. Results show that (1) both CI and SI outputs follow the MAL; (2) SI processing involves more diversified structural information and shows a greater tendency of shortening the clauses of a sentence with increased sentence length, than CI processing, expressed by significantly higher a and lower b in SI models than that in CI models. Our findings suggest the disparate language representations are shaped by cognitive capacity limitations and interpreting modalities, and reveal how language system dynamically re-regulates and reorganizes the linguistic information to accommodate environmental settings from the perspective of synergetic linguistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the perspectives of cognitive linguistics and evolutionary biology, this contribution revisits the meaning of the Homeric formula ὑπόδρα ἰδών, literally 'looking from below', which is generally acknowledged as an indication of anger in epic poetry. A detailed examination of the phrase suggests that the facial expression it refers to was originally an inclination of the head while maintaining a fixed gaze ahead, resulting in a view from beneath lowered brows. It is argued that this position of the head serves as a functional preparation for a physical conflict, and consequently that the epic phrase ὑπόδρα ἰδών is not merely a metonym for anger but also a signal of the willingness to resort to violence if the conflict is not resolved by other means. This is also borne out by the contexts in which the formula occurs, since in most cases the speeches introduced with a 'look from below' are either followed by violent actions or cause their addressee to retract the offence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chán Buddhist literature is not only an important source for the study of religious thought during the Chinese late medieval and early modern periods, but also constitutes a treasure trove for investigating the development of the colloquial language of the respective periods, both in terms of semantics and syntactic constructions. Since the editors of Chán Buddhist literature—such as the Recorded Saying and Transmission of the Lamp texts—claimed to convey the "living words" of the patriarchs and masters, numerous vernacularisms were integrated in the dialogue sections of the texts, and the use of traditional Buddhist terminology was often reduced to a minimum. Frequently, Chán Buddhist texts are among the earliest sources in which these colloquialisms surfaced. In this paper, we focus on expressions which derive from the colloquial language of the late Táng and Sòng periods, and which were integrated in Chán Buddhist literature, often assuming a particular metaphorical meaning in the rhetorical structure of the texts. We reconstruct their original meaning, their use in the Chán texts, as well as their further development in Sinitic languages and dialects. Besides contributing to a better understanding of the vocabulary used in the enigmatic language of Chán literature and the metaphorical mapping of originally colloquial expressions in a religious context, in this preliminary study, we also hope to contribute to a better understanding of the development of semantic items from the perspective of historical linguistics, their complex paths of metaphorical extensions, as well as their usage in local linguistic contexts. In addition, the case studies also illustrate the transformative force of religion on the development of language, and the complex interplay between religious ideas and linguistic expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, more and more questions have been raised about the idea that a sentence alone can fully analyze the semantics without considering the context. When we talk about the acceptability of a sentence, we immediately and naturally think of the context in which the sentence can be used correctly. In the current English classroom teaching, teachers follow the traditional teaching procedures too much: first give detailed explanations, and then carry out mechanical exercises. The lack of flexible teaching methods and the creation of contexts affects the improvement of students' communicative ability. During my long-term learning of English, I have considered the following questions: how to make use of the function of context to make English learning diverse and challenging; how to create a variety of practical forms, such as creating a way to make students interested and able to participate in learning, in order to improve students' language communication ability. This paper analyzes the current situation of English teaching, expounds the concept and classification of context and language application, summarizes the applied linguistics theory and related theory, and analyzes the context of English linguistics horizon function and application. This study combines context with English learning, and English learning "how to create and use context," so as to improve students' communicative competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: low IP area; Najdi Arabic; topics typology; verb movement EN low IP area Najdi Arabic topics typology verb movement 1011 1038 28 07/05/22 20220701 NES 220701 1 Introduction The cartographic approach to syntactic structure has been increasingly used as a tool to investigate the nature of the structural and functional make-up of natural languages ([12], [13]; [25], [26]; [27]; [63], [64] among many others). Before we discuss our assumption that low topics in NA express a unique value of given information (i.e., familiar topical information), we would like to discuss a related construction in Levantine Arabic that appears to be amenable to our analysis developed for the object in clitic-object constructions in NA. We extend our proposal of clitic-object constructions of NA to the corresponding constructions in Jordanian Arabic and Palestinian Arabic, given that the same interpretation of the topics is obtained in these three dialects. There is evidence showing that OCD constructions in Levantine Arabic call for a similar treatment of clitic-object constructions in NA. 2 See [14], [40], [52], and [53] for the view that the preverbal subject in SVO clauses is a true subject (located in Spec,TP), not a topic or a focus in Arabic dialects including Moroccan Arabic, Palestinian Arabic, and Jordanian Arabic. [Extracted from the article]

This paper studies the textual cohesive devices in the old Arabic poem entitled ‘jafā widduhū’ by the Abbasid poet Basyār bin Burd. This would be done from the perspective of text linguistics. It aims to uncover the extent of organic unity in the text as an example of the old Arabic poetry. The study uses textual method and focuses on three salient aspects of the poem namely: reference, repetition, and conjunction. The study begins with reference as it is the most stand out feature in the text and a grammatical cohesive feature. Three of its categories were explained in the poem: personal, comparative, and implicative references. Subsequently, repetition will be discussed as a lexical reference and four of its categories will be elaborated namely: total, partial, synonymous, and semi synonymous repetitions. Conjunction is also a part of lexical cohesive device and four of its relations are evident in the poem: conjunctive relation, the relation between the whole and part, the relation between the parts, and the relation between the elements of a general category. It is evident in the end that the textual cohesive devices are deployed in the poem and they are overlapping in many instances thus proving the organic unity of the poem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the mechanism of digital linguistic landscapes in enabling engineering education for smart construction according to the educational dimensions of A (ability), S (skill), and K (knowledge). A questionnaire survey was conducted based on the core concepts of the informative dimension and symbolic dimension in digital language landscape as well as the ability dimension, knowledge dimension, and skill dimension in engineering education. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used as the test method. The results of the research demonstrate that the informative dimension and symbolic dimension are two main aspects of DLL in education of engineering students for smart construction. Additionally, DLL has a significant positive impact on the ability, knowledge, and skill education of engineering students for smart construction. The research has theoretical and practical significance, as it not only enriches research on the relationship between DLL and engineering education for smart construction but also expands the theoretical understanding of engineering education from the perspective of linguistics. Furthermore, the study explores the path of the practical application of digital language landscape to engineering education for smart construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on selection of several texts consider to be of special importance in relation to critical studies on "dis-ability", either because of the impact they have generated within the field of study, the experiences they reveal or, its novel way of being built. Topics include examines this selection will be of benefit to those who develop their academic or activism work from this particular perspective or, for those who are just approaching critical studies on disability.

In this study, we aim to reflect about the relevance of linguistic contacts (Pratt, 2013) as a decolonial effort to confront the linguistic effects arising from the coloniality of power in language education - especially in basic education and english teacher education. Therefore, grounded on Prattian considerations (2013), we analyze the pattern of homogeneity inherent to the imagined community and reflected in the linguistic community. In order to present alternatives that go against limiting attitudes of the english language teaching education course, we re-contextualize two examples. The first, refers to an activity on gender based on the self-reflection of a teacher in an elementary school classroom (Pessoa; Hoelzle, 2017), simultaneously confronting an example of a typical dialogue in english teaching materials. Such dialogue is configured as a faithful sample of the perspective of a linguistic community, surrounded by patterns of homogeneity and linearization. The second example, at a time of teacher education (Bastos et al, 2021), brings an activity that deconstructs the ideal model of native speaker. We believe that actions like these, which embrace the perspective of a linguistics of contact in the face of a language still considered hegemonic, establish viable paths to combat linguistic utopias (Pratt, 2013) in schools and universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, subjective constructions of modalization (deontic and epistemic) and of evaluation are investigated, from the perspective of Use-Centered Linguistics (BOYLAND, 2009; KEMMER; BARLOW, 1999), which, according to Diessel (2017) and Bybee (2016), presents Functionalist and Cognitive Linguistics contribution. Add to that the contribution of the Grammar of Visual Design in the dynamics of subjective construction in memes/posts. The subjective constructions are called deontic subjective constructions, epistemic subjective and evaluative subjective constructions, syntactically constituted by matrix clause followed by subjective complement clause. From 214 usage data collected from the Facebook social network site, we observed that discursive motivation determines the order of the subjective evaluative clause in relation to its matrix, since the topicalization of the subjective in the subjective evaluative construction presents very expressive results. On the contrary, the subjective epistemic construction values the categorical postposition of the complete clause. The matrix clause can be seen as a chunking, a sequential unit that projects impersonalization; the schematization of the category presents a slot that takes place as an adjective, the construction being partially schematic because the adjective that fills the slot varies between evaluative, deontic and epistemic. From a textual-discursive point of view, the subjective construction works as an "island" of impersonal, generic value, which is surrounded by personal information and personal experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of the study is the definitional understanding and reflection on the linguistic variables used in the methodology of text analysis. The impetus to write this paper was the definition of the very linguistic entities that text is made out of, and their conceptual and terminological designation from the point of view of text linguistics. The term variable was chosen for the flexibility of its status and value. Linguistic variables are presented from the perspective of systemic, textual, quantitative and corpus linguistics. Interpretation, which is used in the sense of explanation, is the methodological framework. The definition of linguistic variables is connected with the operational steps of segmentation, identification and classification. A distinction is made between the linguistic variables with a primarily systemic value, which traditionally show the linguistic (langue) and speech (parole) status, and the linguistic variables with a primarily textual and pragmatic value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This predicts that extraction from EQs under rogative verbs should yield structural island effects, typically associated with stark unacceptability, whereas extraction from EQs under responsive verbs should yield no structural island effects and should obtain acceptable ratings. Applying this logic to EQs, we make the following predictions: If EQs under rogative verbs are necessarily analyzed as structural islands, extraction from EQs under rogative verbs should be consistently judged unacceptable and we expect to see large island effects. The preponderance of acceptable ratings in both EQ-island conditions suggests that neither EQ is a syntactic island in Spanish, contrary to the analysis in [60], where it was proposed that I ask i -EQs were syntactic islands and I know i -EQs were not. In the non-island conditions (10a), (10c), the embedded structure is a declarative clause, which does not give rise to island effects, whereas in the island conditions (10b), (10d), it is an EQ, expected to yield island effects. If, on the other hand, EQs under rogative verbs are not structural islands we either expect to see (i) no island effects at all, or (ii) smaller island effects characterized by inconsistent judgment distributions. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports that there has been a marked increase in the number of theoretical studies exploring social, collective, historical, and media memory from a wide range of perspectives, including sociological, historiographic, cultural, and semiotic. Topics include considered that the question of memory has also been the subject of debates between various social actors.

This special issue contains seven papers addressing the 'subject' and/or 'topic' particles in Japanese and Korean from the perspectives of interactional linguistics and conversation analysis. The analyses presented in these papers (four on Japanese and three on Korean data) all pay detailed empirical attention to the structures of social interaction as crucial to understanding the interactional functions of these particles. In so doing, these analyses transcend some of the traditional confines of the field of linguistic enquiry. Instead of purporting to come up with a unified account of these particles, the papers closely attend to how they are employed by adult and child speakers alike as resources for organizing actions in everyday social life, e.g., accomplishing joint perception/activity, structuring recipiency, stance marking, or doing categorization. The insights they yield shed light on the interactional functions of these particles, enabling us to see that the notions of 'subject' and 'topic' fall considerably short of representing the dynamic and methodic ways in which they are actually used by the participants for a real-time management of the processes of communication and social interaction. • The grammatical labels of 'subject' and 'topic' are challenged. • This special issue empirically investigates the use of these particles in talk-in-interaction. • The use of these particles are sensitive to interactional agenda and sequential position within an activity. • Particle marking of NPs is a resource to deal with interactional concerns when referring to an entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quintus' literary reputation is on the rise, in the wake of a general reappreciation of late antique literature. In my article I discuss Quintus' use of embedded focalization: when we look at events through the eyes of one of the characters. Quintus uses this narrative device both in the same way as Homer, but also in original new ways. One such new way is the serial use of embedded focalization at the moment of arrival of a champion. The ample use of embedded focalization can be added to the list of stylistic features which contribute to the well-known visual aesthetics of late antique poetry, such as ekphrasis, miniaturization, enumeration, and the juxtaposition of episodic scenes. But I also argue that Quintus through the ubiquitous presence of spectators frames the action of his story as a spectacle, a race or gladiatorial show, which gods and characters and hence his narratees, watch as if sitting in an amphitheatre or circus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the language employed by the people who went through a neardeath experience (NDE) when depicting their journey to the other world, the Afterlife, as well as on C. S. Lewis's essay 'On Stories' (1965) in an attempt to draw a parallel between the world that opens up after death, on the one hand, and the world of stories, on the other. Using Raymond A. Moody's Life after Life (1975/2015) and Eben Alexander's Proof of Heaven (2012) as my NDE corpus, I explore the linguistic vehicles and the underlying conceptual metaphors and image schemas used by NDErs when depicting the typical stages that make up their near-death experience. Starting from the assumption that the lexis provides us with points of access to the conceptual content and ultimately to a cognitive world, I use the analytical tools provided by Conceptual Metaphor Theory, namely conceptual metaphors and image schemas, so as to unveil the passage of the soul the other world. To this end, I uncover a ten-stage idealized cognitive model of NDE, based on Lakoff's concept of ICM (1987) and Barsalou's model of a frame (1992). One of the aims of the article is to evince that, despite the unanimous claim made by NDErs that their experience is ineffable, they do succeed in providing a depiction--as imperfect as it may be--of this passage between worlds, which results in a world in itself. At the discursive level, I argue that the true 'creators' of this world are the kinesthetic image schemas which are pre-conceptual in nature and inherently meaningful. What is more, I aim to unveil the convergences between the NDE narratives and stories as they are analyzed by C. S. Lewis in his essay 'On stories'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate focus markers in Catalan that can take on discourse-particle readings. We focus on two Catalan elements that have not been studied from a formal linguistics perspective so far: the focus adverb precisament 'precisely' and the focus particle també 'also'. We demonstrate that these elements feature interpretations that we identify as a type of meaning familiar from discourse particles in languages other than Catalan. After having outlined the basic distribution and interpretative effects of these particles, we analyze the semantics and pragmatics of precisament and també within a probabilistic argumentative framework, and we then conclude the paper by comparing the observations and analyses we have pointed out for Catalan to other languages that feature a discourse-particle reading of similar focus markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of gender in print media is poorly understood both at the level of the post-Soviet (postcolonial in nature) journalism studies and in the general context of social research. A similar situation is observed with regard to the study of the gender sphere of concepts, and at the postmodern stage of development of periodicals. Postmodern convergence of methodology and research objects of the humanities will make it necessary to study social and mass media phenomena from the point of view of linguistics, sociology and journalism. This makes it relevant to study media issues of gender through links with language (cognitive linguistics). The purpose of the work is to clarify the gender sphere of concepts in the study of Ukrainian periodicals for women and men. The article implements a combination of concrete-historical, structuraltypological, system-functional methods. Descriptive and comparative methods, typology, modeling methods are used at different stages of work. The study used the method of content analysis to study the gender content of modern gender-labeled magazines. The article proves that the gender sphere of concepts is based on the basic gender macroconcepts “woman” and “man”. They are used in the periodicals under study in various proportions, depending on what roles are played by a woman or a man in society. It is from the balance, thoughtfulness, responsible selection of gender characteristics that are presented in gender-labeled periodicals that modern and future gender images are formed, the idea of ideal women and men, their needs, opportunities, responsibilities in the family, at work, and in general in all spheres of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Dalian dialect, the construction of "AT (A) X" has no doubtful meaning, but represents a degree of aggravation. This meaning cannot be derived from the meaning of its components, but can only be analyzed from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. This kind of construction is not only typical in grammar, but also reflects the user' s specific cognitive model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on assignment that offered opportunities to share perspectives with peers, to co-construct meaning, and to experience the real-world practice of collaborative writing. Topics include considered that idea of writing as a partnership may be viewed as less rigorous in holding each student accountable.

The essay examines the relationship between Tullio De Mauro’s general linguistic theories and his perspective on educational linguistics, highlighting how this link has been deep since his early work on the Italian linguistic condition and the nature of linguistic activity. This close connection was constantly present in the topics of De Mauro’s courses at the University of Rome «La Sapienza». [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to analyze and interpret the morphological marks that refer to possession in the grammatical context of the name; likewise, demonstrate how a nominal possessive structure is built in this language. The analysis of the data collected in the field was done from the perspective of descriptive linguistics (Himmelmann, 1998; Chelliah & De Reuse, 2011), which includes the collection of first-source data, the detection of regular patterns that underlie the functioning of the grammatical aspects studied and their study based on categories and terminology that are widely disseminated in descriptive works. In Wayuunaiki, position marks are distinguished: the inalienable possession marks and the alienable possession marks. To the category of inalienable belong the names that refer to the parts of the human body, the terms of kinship, the parts of the body of animals, the parts of plants, some inanimate names that refer to things closely related to humans. Morphologically, Wayuunaiki treats inalienable and alienable names differently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How was narrative point of view developed through an optical device? In between Richardson's publication of Pamela in 1740 and Fielding's publication of Tom Jones in 1749, a device known as the zograscope first appeared in England in 1745. Whether appearing as a tabletop mirror or a wooden box, the zograscope allowed its users to see the world in three dimensions and in color from the comfort of home or in crowded venues. An understanding of psychological perspective as it was developed in eighteenth-century novels, and optical perspective as it was created by the zograscope, are incomplete without relating them to each other. They are equally identifiable as forms of narrative perspective, and demonstrate how text and image, and their materialities, came to interpenetrate each other in modern conceptions of point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article author talks about Listening Argument considered it as an argument that listens to and explores multiple perspectives on an issue, including one is own multiple perspectives, in order to come to a decision or new understanding. Topics include considered that it explore the idea of listening arguments in response to growing concerns about the kinds of arguments taking place in online spaces.

This paper aims to present, under the perspective of the Linguistics Historiography, some ideas in the Archeology of Knowledge, in which Michel Foucault substantiates the archaeological method. After characterizing the climate of opinion in which the book is published, the transformation of the document into a monument stands out as fundamental for Foucault's discursive analysis. In addition, it describes how the singular notions of discourse and statement presented by Foucault ratify such an analysis as intrinsic to the discourse. Finally, it is proposed to integrate the foucauldian idea of a monument to discursive studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Grammar of Visual Design (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 2006 [1996]) approaches the visual semiotic mode based on the perspective of systemic-functional linguistics (HALLIDAY, 1978; 1985; 2014). The authors propose a system to analyze images according to the representational, interactive and compositional metafunctions. This paper analyses images of classrooms in the front page of a Unit named Let's Go to School, of volume 1 of the textbook collection Way to English for Brazilian Learners (FRANCO; TAVARES, 2015). Those images represent classrooms from Brazil, Germany and Ethiopia and were analyzed from the perspective of the interactional and compositional metafunctions. The results indicate that there is a gradation in interaction among the images and that the compositional elements interact to present the Ethiopian school as the most distant from the reader and the one that builds less interaction; the images also construct and perpetrate a stereotyped vision of the African people in the textbook and a Eurocentric vision of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to contribute to the understanding of writing and/or rewriting of texts under the Systemic Functional Linguistics theoretical perspective (HALLIDAY, 1978; HALLIDAY; HASAN, 1985). It presents the researches developed in undergraduate and graduate levels as well as publications which address this discussion. The studies focused on this article were developed within the project Systemic Functional Linguistics and Academic Writing/Rewriting. The corpus of this study are texts written by first-year students of the Letters Course at UFRGS. The texts are available in the blog named Reading and Writing of Texts. The results show a concern with the teaching of reading and writing beyond academic context since they help students and teachers to understand how language works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modalities are linguistic tools that encode the knowledge and attitudes of the speaker about the real or unreal world. Its semantic and structural handling, the number of meaning areas used has made it one of the categories that are difficult to define and classify. Since 19th century, modality has been addressed with different approaches and perspectives in the field of linguistics, so that many classifications have been made. In some of the its classifications, the subjunctive modality has evaluated under different modality types, while in others has not find a place. In this study, subjunctive modality formed by the sub-fields of order, volition, request, entreaty has emphasized. Subjunctive modality is coded in Kazakh with various markers such as modal suffixes, analytical structures, verbs, prepositions, discourse strategies. The majority of the studies in Turkey is structural and about its morpho-syntactic and morphological markers. In this study, differently, verbs indicating subjunctive modality in Kazakh has been examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business English speeches are an essential form of business communication, and the question of how to improve their effectiveness is essential to successful business communication. Based on a self-built corpus of Business English speeches, this paper studies the relationship of sentence structure, business vocabulary, and speech type with business speeches by using a quantitative statistical method. It reveals that the sentence structure used by the speaker changes according to the content and type of speech, while the proportion of business vocabulary relative to the type of business speech stays at a low level of 5%, with little variance. Sentence structure and the frequency of business vocabulary should be adapted according to the type of speech so that positive effectiveness can be ensured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemic intelligence deals with the detection of outbreaks using formal (such as hospital records) and informal sources (such as user-generated text on the web) of information. In this survey, we discuss approaches for epidemic intelligence that use textual datasets, referring to it as “text-based epidemic intelligence.” We view past work in terms of two broad categories: health mention classification (selecting relevant text from a large volume) and health event detection (predicting epidemic events from a collection of relevant text). The focus of our discussion is the underlying computational linguistic techniques in the two categories. The survey also provides details of the state of the art in annotation techniques, resources, and evaluation strategies for epidemic intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: Historical archaeology can be defined as the specialty that deals with the recent human past, in America's case, since the arrival of the Europeans to the continent, through the material evidence of human activities and other sources of information. Works carried out within this scope deal with multiple topics and from different theoretical perspectives. Many epistemological debates have taken place on the definition of historical archaeology and the use of different sources of information. Conceptualizations should not be imposed uncritically, as local processes vary greatly. The topics developed in Argentina during the last 25 years reflect its maturity in the country and the diversity of problems that can be studied by this field of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When we question ourselves about the place for Applied Linguistics in undergraduate degrees in Language Teaching, in the context of the Amazon, Acre state, we observe the multiplicity of theoretical concepts in the syllabi of the Letras undergraduate degree courses at Federal University of Acre, which enable us to dialogue with Celani (1992), Moita Lopes (2006; 2015), Paiva, Silva and Gomes (2015) on the various possibilities of doing Applied Linguistics in the Brazilian scenario. For the analyzes which we propose to carry out, four discipline summaries of the Letras undergraduate degree courses from that institution were selected, to verify which perspectives of Applied Linguistics were present in these syllabi, problematizing the role of this field in language teacher education. In our studies, we found that the discipline summaries present statements that dialogue with the various conceptions of Applied Linguistics addressed, mainly, by Moita Lopes (2015) and that, while some Letras undergraduate degree courses value Applied Linguistics, others, unfortunately, seek to silence it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article author talks about transitioning judges' contributions to the practice of law. Topics include reports that former judges left the appellate bench at different times and for different reasons; and considered that worked for regularly retain former judges to advise on pending cases or to serve as neutrals in alternative dispute resolution (ADR) because of the value of their experience and perspective.