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Philip K. Dick’s novels Ubik and The Man in the High Castle explore the idea of the multiplicity of realities, which can be understood better if interpreted from a cosmological point of view. The scientific principles of decoherence, as formulated by H. Dieter Zeh and Hugh Everett III, shed light on the nature of these fictional worlds, their creation and dissolution and their perception by both the protagonists and the reader. Ontological puzzles of the quantum world, based on the rejection of the special status of an observer in physical reality and fractal branching of the universe, offer insights into the mechanisms at work in these two novels. Decoherence may be the key to understanding the disintegrating borders between realities in both novels, which are manifested as worlds in superposition. However, the rules of this scientific principle are radically challenged by the emergence of what could be termed the agents of re-coherence. These agents reveal the existence of alternate realities in the novels, as well as the process of the violation of the decoherence principle. Not only are these occurrences interesting from both a scientific and artistic point of view, they also reveal the realities in the novels as being far more coherent than they seem on the surface and interpretable as literary parallels to thought experiments conceived as possible explanations of the quantum world theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

“I found myself, as I grew older, increasingly writing about sexuality and its manifestations in human practice. And I found most of my raw material in the lumber room of the Western European imagination,” Angela Carter wrote in “Notes from the Front Line.” The passage is significant for several reasons. Carter identifies sexuality in its diverse manifestations as her main concern and acknowledges images derived from European popular tradition as the source of her “raw material.” Moreover, she characterises her prose as intertextual and identifies herself as a Caucasian Westerner. It is from this contemporary, Europe-centred perspective that she, first, surveys manifestations of sexuality, and then uses them to create her own—often allegorical—imaginative stories. This paper is concerned with the former stage of Carter’s intellectual endeavour: surveying expressions of sexuality in public discourse from a Western woman’s point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, the case studies presented, clearly show how a history of Nordic literature would be inconceivable without considering the broader system of European culture and literature. Gunilla Hermansson/Jens Lohfert Jørgensen: Exploring NORDIC COOL in Literary History (= FILLM Studies in Languages and Literatures 15). The dimensions of a "cool" and stoic character in both medieval and early modern literature are examined in the articles by Per Thomas Andersen, Lohfert Jørgensen and Carin Franzén. [Extracted from the article]

Where integrated territorial development is concerned, contemporary regional research and policy is putting increased emphasis on the functional approach, as compared with the administrative approach. Such a change of orientation denotes reference to a functional area (such as a city and its zone of influence) as an object around which analysis and planning can be focused. While relevant Polish discourse on the strategic and spatial-planning system revolves increasingly around the concept of Functional Urban Areas (FUAs, or MOFs in Polish), few studies have attempted to divide the entire territory of Poland into such FUAs. The work detailed in this paper has thus sought to fill the gap through the de novo development of a procedural tool for delimitation that is nevertheless informed by previous studies; as well as through presentation of the results of the method’s application. The work thus commenced with a review and critical evaluation of Polish literature from the points of view of the conceptualization of Functional Urban Areas and methods used in their delimitation. We outline the use of related concepts involving the so-called Urban Agglomeration, City-region, Functional Urban Region, Metropolitan Area, Functional Urban Area, Local Labour-Market Area and Zone of Urban Influence (Table 1). We then focus on methods employed in researching Functional Urban Areas, identifying four important methodological dichotomies, i.e. (1) regions being defined zonally (by common characteristics) vs. nodally (by relations), and (2) regions developed deductively (by division) or inductively (by aggregation), as well as (3) the application of division that is either exhaustive (all units belong to a group) or non-exhaustive, and (4) classifications that are regional (involving spatially continuous regions) or else typological (Table 2). Summarising our review of the literature, we conclude that FUA delimitation needs to be based around nodal, inductive, exhaustive and regional division principles. On that basis, our original method of achieving delimitation of FUAs first entailed definition of such a region as a territorially continuous area including a central city or other urban locality and at least one subordinate local-government unit (gmina in Polish) connected to it by virtue of population flows (commutes to work and bidirectional migration) and located within the isochrone of 1 (or for the largest cities – 1.5) hours of travel to the central locality. A modified highest flow linkages method was used to allocate each gmina to an FUA, with use made of a commuting-to-work matrix (calculating the mean from the 2011 and 2016 commuting matrices from Statistics Poland) and an inter-municipal migration matrix (aggregating the 2011‑2020 migration matrices from Statistics Poland) as sources of information by which to assess functional relationships between gminas and potential central cities. The criterion of the maximum time separating a gmina and a central locality was then added in, a 1-hour isochrone being regarded as the limit of convenient single-day travel time to work, services or school, albeit extended to 1.5 hours for cities with more than 500,000 inhabitants. The Google Maps Distance Matrix API was used to determine distances, by reference to actual travel times accounting for road traffic. The delimitation procedure was completed as correction was applied to determine the spatial continuity of each FUA (Fig. 1). This procedure generated 413 FUAs (Fig. 2), each of between 2 and 92 gminas, and with areas ranging from 14 and 8800 km2 and populations of between 7500 and 3.3 million. The largest FUAs relate to the largest regional capitals in Poland, while the smallest involve small towns in regional peripheries. The number of FUAs, their average size, and the list of cities that emerged as FUA central localities bear some similarity with Poland’s second- (county-) level administrative division based on the unit known as the powiat. However, the main feature distinguishing the division into FUAs from the administrative division actually applied in the country concerns the huge size-range of individual FUAs, which generally correlate with the sizes of their central localities. In contrast, powiats as actually established are of rather similar size, regardless of the dimensions of their capitals. Indeed, the novelty of our means of delimiting Functional Urban Areas stems from its lack of regard for existing administrative boundaries at the level of the powiat or voivodeship (province-region), its exhaustive nature, the core reference to functional linkage, and the operability of the division into regions as founded in an integrated territorial approach. Our delimitation was developed to determine differences in spatial development, and to point to areas faced with specific challenges, including on account of their constituting internal peripheries. Internal peripherality is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon that intensifies the effects of various socio-economic processes resulting in the limitation of functional links. The authors also intend for the proposed delimitation to serve as a point of reference for various types of analyses and studies, of both an academic and an applied nature. A serious problem for contemporary research is that established territorial units do not typically constitute “functional wholes” playing host to interrelated socio-economic activity. In contrast, our proposed means of delimitation allows for these by aggregating data from Polish gminas to the designated FUA level, and by providing authentic reference areas on which research can be focused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in Time-Consciousness in the Late Twentieth and Early Twenty-first Century: a Response to Joe Davidson's "From the Future to the Past (and Back Again?): a Review of Aleida Assmann's Is Time Out of Joint? The Western world has produced the modernisation process and the modernisation process has produced the Western world, so the West and the idea of progress are mutually reinforcing.[3] In this view, future and past have nothing to do with each other. On the contrary, humans must make a joint effort in order to create a future for future generations. I am deeply indebted to Joe Davidson who very carefully read and reassessed the arguments of the book and started a debate that updates these ideas and takes them into the future. [Extracted from the article]

A literary criticism of the novels "The Plague of Doves" and "The Round House," both by Native American author Louise Erdich. Both books are grounded in the 1911 lynching of three Native Americans in Pluto, North Dakota for the alleged crime of murder, with the survivor a central character of both works. Topics include postmodernism in literature and criticism, historiography, and historical fiction, justice for Native American victims of crimes, especially women, and considerations of the novels' points of view.

A personal narrative is presented on how he managed to deal with hand and back muscle pain with medical writing and how they can be avoided.

In the study, the movie of Rüzgarda Salınan Nilüfer is tried to be analyzed sociologically based on a Bourdieuan approach, specific to two families representing the middle class, and in line with the concepts of space, capital and habitus. The movie has a narrative through two families representing the new middle classes. On the one part, there is a family with a lower cultural capital density but a higher economic capital density; on the other hand, there is a second family with a higher cultural capital intensity but a lower economic capital intensity. Attempts to establish supremacy in the cultural field, the differences in the economic field, the cultural capital accumulation, eating and drinking practices in the context of the movie, divided into four sections of Bourdieuan tried to be considered from one point of view. Strategies and tactics developed by families struggling to gain status in the cultural field according to their cultural capital are conveyed to the audience throughout the movie. The focus is on the middle classes separating themselves from others with their lifestyles and habitus shaped in the context of their economic and cultural capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence algorithms offer marketers an insight to understand consumer behavior. Algorithms that follow the clicks of the consumer and create content based on their past likes offer efficiency and profitability advantages to businesses. Also consumers can focus on offers they may like. On the other hand, the consumer, monitored by the algorithms, connects to a single brand over time, always buys products from same retailers, is forced to buy similar products, is unable to see alternative products and service offers and choose more advantageous one for him. This situation is described by the concept of "filter bubble". According to Pariser, who named the concept, the situation which is called the "filter bubble effect", affects the society negatively by causing the polarization of ideas. In this review, which aims to provide a framework for future research efforts, the process from big data to the formation of personalization algorithms and the effect of creating a filter bubble in the consumer's mind are evaluated from a conceptual point of view with the approaches of different researchers. The subject is examined from the perspective of consumer psychology and ethics, and some examples are given. As a result, in order to avoid the influence of artificial intelligence, it is pointed out that it is possible for the consumer to avoid digital manipulation by having technology knowledge; it is necessary to spend more time learning the language of algorithms as much as possible, questioning their suggestions, and reaching the right information. In addition, it is also emphasized that digital marketing applications should include mutually beneficial surveillance and that the use of data should not lead to insecurity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first person represented as a subject's field of vision, as opposed to first-person language, has only been around for a century and a half. Yet the claims advanced by its philosophical inventor, Ernst Mach, are momentous: nothing less than the dissolution of the self into a world of sensations. A closer look at his images reveals less an elimination of the self than a reflection of the connection between subject, world, and others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This note analyzes the position of children's and youth literature in Latin America at the international level. On the one hand, the objective is to show the evolution of the position of the Latin American children's literature thanks to the development and diversity of the production of children's and youth books in Latin America, particularly in Mexico, Colombia, Argentina, and Brazil. On the other hand, we aim to explain why despite everything, its position continues to be peripheral in terms of the main international bodies for the consecration of this type of literature (ibby, Bologna Children's Book Fair, Munich's International Youth Library). Thus, it is intended to highlight from the point of view of the sociology of literature the domination relations (between languages and nations) that govern children's and youth literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How was narrative point of view developed through an optical device? In between Richardson's publication of Pamela in 1740 and Fielding's publication of Tom Jones in 1749, a device known as the zograscope first appeared in England in 1745. Whether appearing as a tabletop mirror or a wooden box, the zograscope allowed its users to see the world in three dimensions and in color from the comfort of home or in crowded venues. An understanding of psychological perspective as it was developed in eighteenth-century novels, and optical perspective as it was created by the zograscope, are incomplete without relating them to each other. They are equally identifiable as forms of narrative perspective, and demonstrate how text and image, and their materialities, came to interpenetrate each other in modern conceptions of point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines glassmaking in medieval Iberia from the point of view of technical literature, especially recipe books and alchemical treatises, in an attempt to assess to what extent this literary genre (if it is to be defined as such) may have affected, or have been affected by, technological developments in glassmaking between the eighth and sixteenth centuries. Iberian technical literature on the making of glass is put in connection with broader European and Mediterranean trends in the transmission of technical knowledge, the nature of scribal culture and the impact caused by the dissemination of the printing press. Ultimately, the paper aims to review the relationship that exists between the authors of technical literature and contemporary workshop practice, not only taking the written word as evidence, but also using the understanding provided by other fields of research, such as the study of the chemical characterization of medieval glass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: verify which determinants influence the recognition of the Impairment Test (IT) loss recognition in Brazilian companies listed in B3. Methodology: The research was performed with 169 non-financial companies listed in B3, which may or may not have presented information of IT loss, in the analysis period from 2009 up to 2017. To test the hypotheses of this research, the logit model was applied. In order to avoid the outliers problem, which may affect the estimated coefficients, all variables were winsorized in 1% in each side of their distribution. The results, however, with and without winsorization were mantained in order to attest to the consistency of the findings. The standard errors were clusterized, so as to avoid autocorrelation problems in the model's residual data. Results: It was noticed that the Return on Equity, the Book-to-Market index, Management Change, Big Bath and Property Control were considered influential determinants on IT loss recognition in the companies listed in B3. Contributions of the Study: The study brings forth practical justifications for IT appliability, offering importante accounting information for managers, investors, accounting professional, policy and rule makers. From a theoretical point of view it contibutes to the literature on determinant factors for IT loss of actives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sensitive skin (SS) is a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. In most patients, symptoms occur within 1 h following exposure to trigger factors and may persist for minutes or even hours. Numerous triggering factors (physical, chemical or psychological) are suspected and described in articles. The aim of this article was to perform a systematic literature review to collect data on the triggering factors involved in SS and to then perform a meta‐analysis. Thirteen studies were included in the systematic literature review. Subjects were classified into groups, SS or no sensitive skin (NSS), and triggering factors were researched through responses to different questions. SS could be triggered by numerous factors. The most important triggering factor was cosmetics, with an odds ratio (OR) equal to 7.12 [3.98–12.72]. Other triggering factors were physical (variations in temperature, cold, heat, wind, sun, air conditioning, wet air and dry air), chemical (water and pollution) or psychological (emotional) factors. After cosmetics, the most important factors were wet air, OR 3.83 [2.48–5.91]; air conditioning, OR 3.60 [2.11–6.14]; heat, OR 3.5 [2.69–4.63]; and water, OR 3.46 [2.56–4.77]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is an analysis of the XXII Congress of the AILC/ICLA Literature of the World and the Future of Comparative Literature which took place between July 29 and August 2, 2019 in Macau. As its name indicates, the lectures and workshops emphasised the concept of "literature of the world", which is considered less elitist than the traditional, and more homogenous, concept of "world literature". The idea that the (world) literature cannot be approached only from one cultural or theoretical point of view also permeated the joint Czecho-Slovak issue of the journal World Literature Studies entitled "The Image of Remote Countries in the Literatures of Central and Eastern Europe" published on the occasion of the Congress. Using various literary materials, the issue attempted to discuss modern methodological approaches to intercultural problems from the imagological intercontinental perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural insurance in Indonesia is focused specifically on rice farming and is locally known as Asuransi Usahatani Padi (AUTP). To encourage farmer participation, the government subsidises farmers' cost of insurance (premium) by 80%. Despite high subsidy, AUTP is still unable to reach the coverage target. The objectives of this study are to investigate farmers' Risk Aversion Level (RAL), its influence on farmers' decision to participate in AUTP, and the effect of farmers' participation in AUTP on their income. The result of this study can contribute to enriching agriculture insurance literature from the point of view of developing countries and catalyse other studies on this matter especially in Indonesia. The analysis methods used in this study were multiple pricelist designs and propensity score matching with a logistic regression model. 130 farmers were interviewed. The results showed that farmers tend to have a high level of risk aversion (82.3% of farmers insure almost all of their land). RAL has a significant effect on farmers' decision to purchase AUTP (< 0.01). A positive value of Average Treatment on the Treated (ATT) indicated that participation in AUTP has a positive impact on farmers' income. AUTP is able to absorb production risks and encourage use of high input in farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Narratives can be used to persuade individuals to change their attitudes and behaviors, and can be especially effective is in changing attitudes toward individuals that are stigmatized or otherwise labeled as outgroup members. One feature that can influence a story’s persuasive effectiveness is the story’s point of view (POV). This study experimentally investigated the relative impacts of 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-person POVs on attitudes toward, and beliefs about, gay people. Results showed that participants who read the 3rd-person story had significantly more positive attitudes toward gay people than those who read the 1st-person story. In all cases, POV appeared to have no impact upon narrative transportation or identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay considers the role of Jamesian point of view in the cultural struggle waged during the interwar years to legitimate the novel as an art form. Starting with Percy Lubbock's famous formulation of point of view, it examines the different positions writers, critics, and other consecrating agents took with respect to it as point of view became the defining formal device of the modernist novel. This new perspective on point of view prompts us to reconsider its critical usefulness and sheds light on the role of realism in the critical naturalization of the novel as a world system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea of adequately ‘representing’ violence was an important point of discussion amongst Resistance artists and intellectuals at the time of the French Occupation. In particular, intellectual resistant Jean Paulhan had written on the subject in his text introducing Jean Fautrier’s retrospective exhibition of November and December 1943 in occupied Paris, ‘Fautrier the Enraged’. While the thematic of the exhibition proposed an academic and traditional subject matter, Paulhan demonstrated that Fautrier’s typically matierist and anti-naturalistic approach was instrumental in ‘suggesting reality’. Fautrier’s individual creative process, Paulhan argued, led to a transparent experience to be shared between viewer and artist not only on an aesthetic level, but also from a political point of view. At the time of ‘Fautrier the Enraged”s writing, Paulhan had indeed been concerned with issues of political engagement, as is evident from his essay ‘The Flowers of Tarbes or Terror in Literature’ (1941), which reflects upon the human condition and is concerned with reconciling poetry, politics and ethics. The author believes that such questions were being addressed in Paulhan’s text on Fautrier and by Fautrier’s art and that an aesthetic reading of Paulhan’s text is inseparable from a political interpretation of Fautrier’s art within the context of the Occupation. Indeed, the aesthetic criteria used in Paulhan’s text as framework to his argument were then loaded with political meaning. For instance, Paulhan considered virtuosity as an essential artistic characteristic to be opposed to the art of imitation based on the technical ability to observe and simulate ‘nature’ as imposed by the occupants. With excerpts from Paulhan’s essay and exchange of letters with Fautrier as well as visual analysis of some of the artworks presented in the exhibition, this paper deals with the wider issues of ‘representation’ in the historical and cultural context of the Second World War in France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the lost it-narrative "Frailties of Fashion; or, the Adventures of an Irish Smock," originally titled "The Adventures of an Irish Smock: Interspersed with Whimsical Anecdotes of a Nankeen Pair of Breeches," by George Lister, as it was mentioned by scholar Richard K. Meeker's 1955 thesis on these narratives.

Manages to pay keen attention to the topics and theories one would expect to find in a recent Anglophone volume in the environmental humanities, even as it allows a vernacular history of environmental thinking to emerge. Books Reviewed E9 The volume is divided into four parts. Edited by two of the most influential voices in Luso-Brazilian ecocritical studies, Victor K. Mendes and Patrícia Vieira, Portuguese Literature and the Environment (Lexington Books, 2019) contributes significantly to the consolidation of Portuguese ecocriticism. [Extracted from the article]

Guided bone regeneration using titanium-reinforced expanded teflon non-absorbable membranes (e-PTFE) has proven, through rigorous studies on many occasions, that it is a safe and predictable method to achieve bone growth at mandible and maxilla level, both vertically and horizontally. However, the technique itself is one that requires special operative skills and is not without postoperative complications. The purpose of this paper is to review most of these postoperative complications, their management and the key operative elements that help preventing them. Complications are presented both from the perspective of the meta-analysis performed from the present literature and from the point of view of the author's personal experience, personal casuistry being presented. This paper will discuss all this starting with the complications without negative impact on the bone regeneration such as, late exposure of the membrane and ending with the most serious ones, such as the suppuration of the augmented anatomical regions. All of these can be avoided or minimized by using a correct operating technique. In addition, once installed, we can minimize the negative effects on bone regeneration by a proper management applied at the right time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to highlight, from the point of view of the specialized literature, the role of the Romanian rural household in rural economy, while taking into consideration the opportunities and constraints of the new rural development paradigm. The basic activity of the Romanian rural household is agriculture, with subsistence as main characteristic; yet it should not be neglected that agriculture must ensure food security, ensure the rural population's stability through job opportunities and decent incomes, contribute to environment protection, hence the need to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of farming activities on the subsistence household farm. The rural household (which partially overlaps with the small peasant farm) has a recognized role in maintaining the rural settlements, being responsible for the preservation of natural, social and cultural resources. The present generation of farmers, according to the European Commission, has the multiple role of farmer, custodian of rural areas and entrepreneur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A literary criticism of the novel "Persuasion," by Jane Austen, is presented. Topics include the role of first person point of view in the book, the relation of the marginalization of women to the notion of spectatorship in the novel's points of view, and the significance of picturesque scenes in the novel. The ideas of artist William Gilpin and art historian Peter de Bolla, as addressed in his book "The Education of the Eye: Painting, Landscape, and Architecture in Eighteenth-Century Britain," are noted.

The view that narrative artworks can offer insights into our lives, in particular, into the nature of the emotions, has gained increasing popularity in recent years. However, talk of narrative often involves reference to a perspective or point of view, which indicates a more fundamental mechanism at work. In this article, I argue that our understanding of the emotions is incomplete without adequate attention to the perspectival structures in which they are embedded. Drawing on Bennett Helm's theory of emotion, I argue that the narrative view fails to take into account the influence of perspective on the emotions. In order to address this gap in our understanding of the emotions, I highlight a mode of engagement with literature that prioritizes the perspectival features of a work. Focusing on lyric poetry, I argue that non-narrative artworks are those best placed to highlight this fundamental aspect of our emotional experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's Theology, theologising with children, or Child Theology has become an established concept in the discipline of religious education in Germany. The discipline departs from the point of view that children have a right to their religion, which makes the process of religious education the focal point. It is, however, important to understand the theology generated by children and also to create interaction with their religious views. This requires dialogue in which relevant questions are to be considered and discussed. The challenges for religious educators are subsequently treated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A literary criticism of the book "Su único hijo" by Spanish author Leopoldo Alas is presented. It focuses on the main character of the novel, Bonifacio Reyes, and explores the symbolic significance of his conflicting paternity. Topics addressed include the narrative voice of the novel, the changes of narrative temporality as an innovation of Alas' work, and the approach to modernity in the novel.

This article is located at the crossroads between two distinctive human traits, empathy and rational thought, with narrative emerging as a particularly powerful means to enable young readers to bring them together. Specifically, we discuss the role that critical literary exegesis plays in the development of empathic consciousness in literary readers. The discussion is conducted through the critical narrative discourse analysis of a short story that is widely read by Portuguese young students. The story deals with what has become a living experience for many students – emigration – and puts opposing social ideologies about this experience in a subtle dialogue. Narratological critical analysis provides an essential tool for readers to turn those ideologies inside out. It enables them to escape the main character’s conformist positioning and develop a liberating empathy, and hence a more sensitive perspective about the social reality that the narrator offers for our consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper we are interested in the study of the combinatorial aspects related to the extension of the Burrows-Wheeler transform to a multiset of words. Such study involves the notion of suffixes and conjugates of words and is based on two different order relations, denoted by < lex and ≺ ω, that, even if strictly connected, are quite different from the computational point of view. In particular, we introduce a method that only uses the < lex sorting among suffixes of a multiset of words in order to sort their conjugates according to ≺ ω-order. In this study an important role is played by Lyndon words. This strategy could be used in applications specially in the field of Bioinformatics, where for instance the advent of 'next-generation' DNA sequencing technologies has meant that huge collections of DNA sequences are now commonplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study in authorship, focusing on the author's creation of an unreliable narrator in her 2011 novella "Will Martin." Details are given describing the story's historical background, charting an 18th-century voyage to New South Wales. The dynamics between theoretical and historical research seen in several drafts are analyzed. Comments are also given regarding the blurred lines between fictionalization of history and the ambiguity of narrative historical records.

Despite the fact that the tools of narratology have been used to explore a wide range of musical genres, the nineteenth-century lied has never been the subject of sustained narratological inquiry. This article proposes an application of narrative theory to the analysis and interpretation of the Romantic lied, illustrated with analyses of works by Schubert, Robert and Clara Schumann, Liszt, and Brahms. Drawing upon recent scholarship on narrative in lyric poetry and the narratological theories of Mieke Bal, the article focuses on selected aspects of narratology: the events of lyric poetry and the ways music can create new ‘discourse events’, and how music affects issues of mediacy, in particular voice and focalization (perspective). Music provides much more than mere accompaniment; rather, it can become an integral component of the narrative discourse, bringing new potential meanings to the original poem and opening up for the music analyst new interpretative angles. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article is an introduction to the creative research process « (His)tories of Infamous Women » (thesis project presented at the Masters in Literature, UPTC), which explores the topic of infamy, through the writing of imaginary biographies of peasant women from the beginning of the XXc in San Gil and Socorro, Santander. This project uses the literary phenomenon to question the way in which history has been told from a male view point. For this reason, this article reveals the importance of the voice of the infamous subjects in literature and examines the construction of memory in a culture, in the company of authors who have explored this topic in different moments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article makes a provisional assessment of the question of enunciative postures. It begins by distinguishing co-enunciation and co-locution and defining postures with respect to the role of the enunciators in the co-construction of points of view (POV): co-enunciation corresponds to the speaker's co-construction of a common POV, which commits them as enunciators. Over-enunciation is defined as an unequal co-construction of a dominating POV and under-enunciation consists of the unequal co-construction of a dominated POV. The second part illustrates the role of these different postures in the analysis and interpretation of texts with the aim of optimising their pedagogical exploitation by defining the enunciative stakes and the interactional positioning underlying in the construction of POV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sandbadnameh is an allegorical work of sixth century with bombastic prose. This book consists of one main story and thirty three secondary tales. In various issues such as the deceit of women, kings and princes and speaking animals these tales imply vivid moral subjects. After classifying the tales regarding theme and motif for structural analysis, other elements of fiction such as character, setting, point of view, stage, plot, tone, style and addressee are explored briefly. The aim of such investigation is to compare the Zahiri's fiction writing with today's definitions and criteria of fiction writing and the rate of his commitment to maintain the framework of fiction writing. Using stock and allegorical characters, fixed tone and style in dialogue tales, lack of variegated plot and logical and stable relationship between events make this work far from contemporary criteria of fiction writing in spite of its great volume, and introduce it as a symbolic and allegorical tale. On the other hand, bombastic and embellished prose as well as being loyal to ancient fiction writing have added to literary significance of this literary work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent “social turn” in art, in which art favours using forms from social life above its own, has been extensively discussed.Relational Aestheticsby Nicolas Bourriaud,Conversation PiecesandThe One and the Manyby Grant Kester, essays by Claire Bishop who supplies the term “the Social Turn,” and her recent publicationArtificial Hells, are now as important to the field as the art they scrutinise. Ironically, however, when this discussion regards the implications of the “turn”, it habitually addresses the effects of this development from – and for – art’s point of view, overlooking the way in which artists’ inroads into social life may be differently regarded in the social realm. As much as this represents a failure to illuminate a particular area for knowledge, it also signifies a failure to take art’s revalorised commitment to the social to its ethical conclusion: such, from two perspectives, is the “dark side” of art’s social turn. This article seeks to mitigate these oversights. In particular, it looks at art in which an artist undertakes another person’s professional work. Considering the effects of this on those whose practices are appropriated, I propose a consultative approach, involving ethnographic and empathetic modes of address. Consequently, this article does not present an answer to the question it poses, “how do professionals in the social realm see art’s appropriations of their practices?” but rather, a framework for approaching that. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to classify the main psychological theories about guilt from a cognitive point of view, and to show other types than traditional concepts of guilt. Two criteria were used for classification: whether there was direct interaction with others, and whether one considers only his own act or both his act and the acts of others. The first type of guilt arises from a focus on what one has done, and involves self-reproach for doing wrong. The second involves guilt derived from relatedness, which centers on the other whom one has injured. A third type of guilt results from disequilibrium in an interaction between one person and another. The fourth type is the guilt between no particular relationship, including survivor's guilt. The third type is described in psychological theory which was developed originally in Japan like as the Ajase complex and is presented in some Japanese literary works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]