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The article contributes to a forum that discusses how publics can be studied within a global framework, specifically radio and its unintended publics. The author focuses on archival files preserved by the Uganda Broadcasting Corporation (UBC).

While many will be familiar with the British traitor William Joyce who, as Lord Haw-Haw, became infamous for his radio broadcasts to Britain on behalf of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, much less widely known and studied is the work of Büro Concordia, an organisation created by Joseph Goebbels to broadcast 'black' propaganda from Berlin to Britain. Between 1940 and 1945 five secret radio stations posed as the voice of British dissident, anti-war organisations operating within the United Kingdom, broadcasting a stream of propaganda which aimed to demoralise the British people and undermine its support for the war. While they can be credited with some limited success, they fell far short of what Goebbels had hoped and expected from them. These stations were launched by the Reich Propaganda Ministry, but the two dozen writers and speakers who produced these broadcasts from studios in Berlin were British citizens. This study evaluates these 'British renegades' and the system that identified, recruited and trained them, and concludes that whatever potential there might have been to influence the course of the war, the employment of people so wholly unsuited to the work ensured that Concordia was bound to fail from its inception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio broadcasting is an industry where creativity and innovation can be significantly influenced by Artificial Intelligence (AI), which can generate many ideas quickly, help the design process and inspire human creativity. This research aims to acquire factual knowledge revealing the important aspects that arise in Artificial Intelligence (AI). This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach. The findings show that AI can assist in content creation, listener preference analysis, and broadcast schedule optimization. It is important to note that AI cannot replace human wisdom and creativity, but can be used as a tool to enhance and complement human capabilities, making content creation and broadcasting more efficient and successful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new approach to monitoring farmer prices in low-income developing countries. This crowdsourcing approach involves broadcasting radio jingles inviting farmers to report the prices and locations at which they sold their crops to a toll-free call centre, with weekly prizes to incentivize reporting. An application to Malawi illustrates the feasibility of this approach in a setting where internet connectivity is limited but mobile phone coverage is reasonable. The majority of farmers reporting sold to assemblers or small traders and received substantially less than official minimum farm gate prices. Non-parametric analysis shows that farmer prices vary according to bargaining power and sales volume but not by distance to the point of sale. These findings may be explained by the fragmented and monopsonistic nature of food markets in Malawi, and farmers' mode of transport to the point of sale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In June 1940, from somewhere in Scotland, a radio station named Radio Caledonia began to broadcast Scottish nationalist, anti-government and anti-war propaganda to Britain, on behalf of an organisation called the Scottish Peace Front. Its objective was to bring about Scotland's exit from the war, an end to the capitalist system, and the creation of an independent, socialist Scotland. The speaker and scriptwriter behind Radio Caledonia was Donald Grant, a Scot, since dubbed Scotland's Lord Haw-Haw. But Radio Caledonia was only superficially a Scottish nationalist station. In reality, the Scottish Peace Front was an entirely fictitious group, and Radio Caledonia's programmes were made in and broadcast from Berlin under the direction of Joseph Goebbels, as one element of his propaganda campaign against Britain. Radio Caledonia, like other similar 'secret stations' commissioned by Goebbels, was conceived of by the Nazi Propaganda Ministry, and its broadcasts written and produced by British renegades. This paper looks at Grant's background and political beliefs, the Nazi propaganda organisation within which he worked in Berlin, and the broadcast output of Radio Caledonia. It concludes that far from being an authentically nationalist or socialist enterprise, Radio Caledonia was devised by German Nazis and British fascists as a tool to achieve their shared aim of bringing about an end to Britain's involvement in the war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article illuminates a correlation between Tibet's national identity and technological peripheralization through three intertwined tales involving Chinese, British and Tibetan radio stations in Lhasa between 1934 and 1950. Instead of a political backwater, Tibet was crucial to the competition between an expansionist British Empire and a growingly nationalistic Republic of China in the Himalayas throughout the first half of the twentieth century. As Britain and China monopolized the radio to substantiate their respective political ambitions, Tibet was compelled to adopt an image of geographical remoteness and technological underdevelopment. Upon breaking the foreign monopoly, the Tibetan government managed to appropriate this image for the propagation of its definitions of Tibetan state and national identities. Both the radio and the lack thereof in Tibet, therefore, became key to the Chinese, British and Tibetan governments' efforts in furthering their respective portrayals of the Tibetan state and nation, as well as Tibet's position in relation to its neighbours and the rest of the world. In addition to illustrating the interaction of power and technology in the creation of peripheral regions and competing identities, the history of radio in Tibet also reveals the essential roles played by the individuals who oversaw the radio's daily operations in such processes. Refusing to remain mere extensions of the state that they represented or the machine that they operated, these agents and technicians actively pursued their individual objectives, sometimes against the interests of their employers, shaping Tibet's modern political landscape in unexpected yet significant ways [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the analysis of materials such as online articles, blogs, and radio broadcasts, this paper investigates linguistic purism toward Russian and English loanwords in the understudied context of post-Soviet Armenia. Our analysis finds that public commentators categorize potential loanwords as "borrowings" (փոխառություն [pʰokhaṛutʰyun]) if acceptable and "foreignisms" (օտարաբանություն [ōtarabanutʰyun]) if unacceptable, while also comparing these loanwords with acceptable and unacceptable Armenian equivalent words. In categorizing both loanwords and Armenian equivalents, commentators base their arguments on evaluative contrasts related to threats to the language, the desirability of word meaning and usage, and stylistic appropriateness. Though commentators situate themselves into opposing purist and moderate camps, differentiated by their tolerance of loanwords and classifications of individual words, the two camps rely on the same ideological framework of contrasts and use similar argumentation. Thus, while the debate invokes binary criteria for evaluating words, similar to those identified in other instances of linguistic purism, Armenian commentators themselves often defy binary categorization, falling along a fluid language-ideological continuum in which seemingly opposing commentators sometimes demonstrate striking similarities. Framed alongside prior studies of language ideologies in post-Soviet spaces, this evidence suggests that the loanword debate has a more symbolic than practical function in Armenia's contemporary multilingual society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, within the context of the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Community Media Association (CMA) in 2023, and its role within the context of British radio history, will draw on grey literature from the CMA digital archives, including policy statements, policy briefings and background material for the lobbying actions during the period 1997–2007. First-hand material to be discussed will draw on interviews with key actors involved in policy-making until the introduction of Community Radio into legislation, as well as on press releases, statements and policy documents of the regulators Radio Authority and the Office of Communications, policy statements and documents published by the Department of Culture, Media and Sport, statements from the BBC and commercial radio representatives and parliamentary records of the debates on community radio legislation. The analysis and discussion of this material will help to establish the role of the main players in policy-making and regulation and how events unfolded between the outcome of 2 May 1997 general election, when the Labour Party took power, and 20 July 2004, when the Community Radio Order (CRO) was approved. It will also trace the development of the lobbying action of the CMA, the discussions and the tensions preceding the government's approval to go ahead with a new sector. It will argue that, despite having the merit of introducing a new sector in licensed radio broadcasting, after three decades of community media activists campaigning, the Labour Party fell short on its promises of funding the sector in its initial phase, denying it a solid and sustainable start. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of the study lies in the identification of the role of Artificial Intelligence technologies in fostering creativity of radio and television production, as perceived by practicing journalists and experts. This encompasses creativity in both textual and visual aspects of the presented content, ultimately leading to increased effectiveness and audience engagement. The study is based on the theoretical frameworks of William Gordon's creative thinking theory, the creative components theory, and the media environment theory . The study employed a deliberate sampling method, surveying 125 individuals from the audience of journalists and experts in the field of radio and television production within media institutions. The study revealed that 96.8% of the sample relies on primary sources of innovative ideas to achieve distinctive television production on television channels. Additionally, 59.2% of the sample believes that these technologies contribute to the availability of professional media values, which Artificial Intelligence technologies help ensure in television messages. Moreover, 71.2% of the sample exhibited a high awareness of the advantages of Artificial Intelligence technologies. The study established a correlational relationship between the level of interest of communication managers in television channels and the utilization of Artificial Intelligence technologies in radio and television production, as well as the diversity of topics in which these technologies are employed. Furthermore, there was a correlational relationship between the sample's perception of professional media values which Artificial Intelligence technologies help ensure in television messages and the features of employing Artificial Intelligence technologies in radio and television production. The study also found a correlational relationship between the motivations of journalists to adopt creativity in the production of audience-oriented television content and the interests of television institutions in adopting innovative ideas and transforming them into tangible creative methods in the production of television and radio content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New forms and practices of journalism evolve and stabilize when they are socially, culturally and institutionally enabled [Bossio, Diana, and Jacob L. Nelson. 2021. "Reconsidering Innovation: Situating and Evaluating Change in Journalism." Journalism Studies 22 (11): 1377–1381], signifying their acknowledgement in the triad of practice, academic research, and education. In the case of news podcasting, the practice is emerging in India, and so is academic research in the domain. However, the third vortex of education is largely missing in this case, as found in the course of the present research. This paper argues the need for podcasting to be included in the curricula of journalism schools in the Indian context. It presents the findings of 24 qualitative in-depth interviews with podcasting journalists and journalism educators in India, highlighting the need of including podcasting in curricula and the challenges to this. These two perspectives are then bridged to present a case for including news podcasting in the training of new journalists. The paper strongly argues that podcasting is a great value addition to journalism curricula, facilitating both aims of a journalism programme-employment and performing the normative function of journalism. Specifically, in India, this inclusion is necessary since news podcasting is a major way of reinventing audio journalism, which has been limited to only the public radio broadcasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deben Bhattacharya (1921–2001) had a prolific career as a field recordist that spanned the second half of the twentieth century. Yet his impressive contributions in radio, tv and film have to date been overlooked. Bhattacharya arrived in London from India in November 1949; by the end of the year, he had made his first broadcast on the BBC Eastern Service. Drawing on material held in the BBC Written Archives, this article focuses on Bhattacharya's work with the BBC from the late 1940s-1970s. It discusses Bhattacharya's work across different BBC departments: the Eastern Service, the General Overseas Service, the Third Programme, and the BBC Sound Archive. Overall, it highlights Bhattacharya's contribution to the curation of traditional folklore in the post-war period. I analyse how he interpreted cultural traditions via radio broadcasts and, through field recordings, made substantial contributions to the BBC Sound Archive's international folklore collections. Bhattacharya's relationship with the BBC reveals how he developed his career as a cultural entrepreneur, building speculative partnerships with large institutions that supported his activity in the field. The BBC offered Bhattacharya minimal upfront support for his work, however, which meant his field work was often conducted in deeply precarious circumstances. This article discusses how Bhattacharya negotiated institutional prejudices and embraced new opportunities to record and publish field recordings in the post-war creative and cultural industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on a radio broadcast called "Talking Foreign Policy," discussing the global climate crisis and possible responses. Topics covered include the urgency of addressing climate change, expert insights on the climate crisis, concrete examples of climate change threats, and ways countries can reduce greenhouse gas emissions to meet their targets.

Decolonial, postcolonial, and postmodern criticism is indebted to Frantz Fanon for revealing the hegemony of vision and visual language in Western imperial discourse. Yet, the import of Fanon's critique of coloniality reaches beyond a focus on vision into the sonorous. Attending to the often overlooked auditory dimension of Fanon's work, I argue, brings attention to the role of listening as a condition of possibility of a revolutionary consciousness. Listening to Fanon's careful descriptions of the experience of many Algerians of listening to the National Liberation Front's radio broadcast, The Voice of Free and Fighting Algeria in "This is the Voice of Algeria," I propose that what makes possible the institution of a revolutionary consciousness is listening to murmurs. Listening to the materiality of voice and sound rather than the propositional content of speech is revolutionary because it challenges core values central to the project of colonial modernity: metaphysical logocentrism and the fungibility to which colonial modernity strives to reduce colonized subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long-term biological time series are essential to evaluate previous responses of organisms to alterations in the environment. Biochronological methods based on archival fish otoliths allow setting such time series, but their predictive potential as proxies of past environmental conditions is still underexploited. In this study, we reconstructed growth variation in European sprat (Sprattus sprattus) in the Baltic Sea from 1956 to 2020 based on measurements of the archived otoliths. We used otolith annual increment widths as a proxy of fish somatic growth. We showed significant negative relationships between sprat growth and sprat spawning stock biomass (SSB) associated with strong intraspecific competition for limited food resources. We also identified a link between sprat growth and water salinity—indicator of the ecosystem's hydrological situation. For the first time, we estimated the SSB prior to the period of available historical data based on the otolith-derived information on the past growth variation. This estimation was based on the strong relationships between SSB and fish growth, complemented with temperature and salinity variables as predictors (R2 = 0.62). A model trained on at least 40 years of data from the more recent past allows us to robustly back-estimate SSB. This study provides new multidecadal data, giving insights into environmental factors affecting the growth of Baltic sprat, and demonstrates the potential of otolith-based biochronology for the provisioning of independent indices of the historical fish stock size. The proposed methodological approach broadens the portfolio of possible applications of the biochronology time series to indicate past changes in the aquatic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines two renditions of an artwork titled 100, which celebrate a historic radio transmission in 1916 during the Irish war for independence. The centenary artwork delves into the concept of radio transmission as an artistic expression rather than solely a practical function. The work explores the intersection of radio transmission with installation art, as well as its connections to sound art and sound design. Engaging with diverse theoretical frameworks, the article interrogates the boundaries of radio and its relationship with other media expressions. It also seeks to understand important historical works and events within radio, with a focus on exploring the roots of radio and its history in Ireland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the late 1930s, a unique strain of media criticism developed in Japan surrounding radio broadcasting, sound, and the limits of public speech. Galvanized by a ban on “groundless rumors” which stifled independent expression in favor of state broadcasting, many intellectuals heralded rumor as a voice of the people—a mode of aural transmission that presented a more vernacular alternative to the foreign intrusions of broadcast sound. In order to better apprehend this critique, however, this article situates it within a darker history of rumor and aurality that traces back to the violent aftermath of the Great Kanto Earthquake, revealing unspoken anxieties over ethnic and racial difference at the heart of Japan’s interwar media discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe a natural experiment occasioned by an abrupt increase in the transmission range of an independent Tanzanian radio station whose broadcasts emphasize current affairs and gender equality. Some villages that formerly lay outside the catchment area of this radio station could now receive it, while nearby villages remained outside of reception range. Before the change in transmitter range in 2018, we conducted a baseline survey in both treated and untreated villages and found them to be similar in terms of prevailing social attitudes and political interest. An endline survey conducted in 2020 shows that respondents in areas that received the new radio signal were substantially more likely to listen to the station, and their levels of political interest and knowledge about domestic politics were significantly higher than their counterparts in villages that the signal could not reach. Attitude change on a range of gender issues, however, was sporadic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first article-length study of Kuwentong Kutsero (A Coachman's Tales), an immensely popular radio comedy in mid-twentieth century Philippines. This sitcom had two iterations: the first aired a few years prior to the outbreak of the Second World War in the country, while the second dominated the airwaves in the postwar years and enjoyed even greater success than its predecessor despite major changes in the script. The programme was so influential that the phrase kuwentong kutsero entered the Tagalog lexicon as an idiom to mean tall tales. Such a level of success was ironic considering that in the postwar decades the cochero as an actual occupation was on its way to obsolescence. This article argues that the reformatted programme was able to improve on the breakthroughs of the original because of the changes in the language used, the type of humour employed, and the topics tackled—factors that could only be understood if analysed alongside the historical experience of actual rig drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we discuss the role that pirate radio played in a debate regarding the community-oriented sector of broadcasting and in incorporating the sector into the legal system. We concentrate on the period of the transformation from state monopolies to media pluralism in Poland, Austria and Hungary, which took place in the late 1980s and the 1990s. A qualitative content analysis is performed on legal texts and media coverage to identify discourses present in the debate. We complete this data with interviews and focus groups with policymakers and radio pirates and an analysis of legal regulations drawing on comparative law research. We show that the pirate radio movement in Hungary and Austria during the transformation processes seems to have had clearly defined goals and organisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nigerian media has always required technology to broaden reach and expand influence on the audiences across Nigeria and the globe. The story of the media in Nigeria has been that of disruptions brought by technological improvements especially in printing, radio and television broadcasting. Each incremental progress comes with perculiar challenge. Therefore, this study focused on the specific trajectory of technological disruptions within the Nigerian media environment in order to provide a comprehensive overview that highlights the radical nature of these disruptions and their transformative effects on the media industry; implications of these changes on the Nigerian mass media to effectively address the challenges they pose. Using Technological Determinsm Theory and Technology Acceptance Model as theoretical underpinning and among other things, the study recommended robust collaboration between technology firms and traditional media industries. It also advocated creative ways of swimming with the tide in a more creative way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article aims at presenting features specific to translating dramatic texts, the peculiarities of the genre and how these can be tackled in the process of translating. The case study comprises an analysis of the translation and adaptation for radio broadcasting of Samuel Beckett's Krapp's Last Tape. Theoreticians have constantly pointed out that drama translators should always focus on the performability, speakability, gestural and aural dimensions of the text, given that the final product has to be playable in front of an audience. The ultimate goal is to obtain a text that sounds natural and is easily understood, where the aural and gestural dimensions fit and work together. In order to make the translated text performable in another medium, certain changes are necessary. In the present case study – adapting a play for radio broadcasting –, everything visual becomes aural, and in this process stage directions are the most challenging to be handled. Adding, omitting or rephrasing are options that the translator has to constantly consider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the opportunities and challenges for classifying human posture in indoor scenarios by analyzing the Frequency-Modulated (FM) radio broadcasting signal received at multiple locations. More specifically, we present a passive RF testbed operating in FM radio bands, which allows experimentation with innovative human posture classification techniques. After introducing the details of the proposed testbed, we describe a simple methodology to detect and classify human posture. The methodology includes a detailed study of feature engineering and the assumption of three traditional classification techniques. The implementation of the proposed methodology in software-defined radio devices allows an evaluation of the testbed's capability to classify human posture in real time. The evaluation results presented in this paper confirm that the accuracy of the classification can be approximately 90%, showing the effectiveness of the proposed testbed and its potential to support the development of future innovative classification techniques by only sensing FM bands in a passive mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 1930 and 1943 over 400 public radio receiver installations were erected by Japan's national broadcaster in public parks around Japan. They were intended to bring radio broadcasting, during this period the voice of the state, to a wider audience and to play a part in Japan's home-front mobilisation efforts. The majority of installations seem to have been destroyed during or shortly after World War Two but roughly 40 are known to be extant, these have yet to receive systematic attention from either Japanese or foreign academics, they thus offer a fresh focus for research into the relationships between the interwar Japanese state and the listening publics. This paper aims primarily to draw attention to the existence of these little—known objects, it also offers a sketch of the media landscape into which they emerged, and covers two significant contemporary social developments—the growth of coordinated mass sport and exercise, and the 'year 2600' celebrations of 1940—which contributed to the spread of radio towers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The two main steps of translation, peptidyl transfer, and translocation are accompanied by counterclockwise and clockwise rotations of the large and small ribosomal subunits with respect to each other. Upon peptidyl transfer, the small ribosomal subunit rotates counterclockwise relative to the large subunit, placing the ribosome into the rotated conformation. Simultaneously, tRNAs move into the hybrid conformation, and the L1 stalk moves inward toward the P-site tRNA. The conformational dynamics of pretranslocation ribosomes were extensively studied by ensemble and single-molecule methods. Different experimental modalities tracking ribosomal subunits, tRNAs, and the L1 stalk showed that pretranslocation ribosomes undergo spontaneous conformational transitions. Thus, peptidyl transfer unlocks the ribosome and decreases an energy barrier for the reverse ribosome rotation during translocation. However, the tracking of translation with ribosomes labeled at rRNA helices h44 and H101 showed a lack of spontaneous rotations in pretranslocation complexes. Therefore, reverse intersubunit rotations occur during EF-G catalyzed translocation. To reconcile these views, we used high-speed single-molecule microscopy to follow translation in real time. We showed spontaneous rotations in puromycin-released h44-H101 dye-labeled ribosomes. During elongation, the h44-H101 ribosomes undergo partial spontaneous rotations. Spontaneous rotations in h44-H101-labeled ribosomes are restricted prior to aminoacyl-tRNA binding. The pretranslocation h44-H101 ribosomes spontaneously exchanged between three different rotational states. This demonstrates that peptidyl transfer unlocks spontaneous rotations and pretranslocation ribosomes can adopt several thermally accessible conformations, thus supporting the Brownian model of translocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses two books, "Cold War Radio: The Russian Broadcasts of the Voice of America and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty" by Mark Pomar and "Under the Radar: Tracking Western Radio Listeners in the Soviet Union" by R. Eugene Parta. Pomar's book focuses on the conception and development of the programs of the two Russian services and their impact on international broadcasting, U.S.-Soviet relations, Russian political and cultural history, and the end of the Cold War. Parta's book explores audience research conducted by RFE/RL, providing insights into the methods and techniques used, as well as the personalities involved. Both books are well-written and based on substantial documentation, making them valuable additions to the literature on U.S. international broadcasting. [Extracted from the article]

An essay is presented which explores the aesthetics of popular music radio stations and programs. Topics discussed include the reported impact of digital media on terrestrial radio broadcasting, the role of radio disc jockeys (DJ) as both performer and curator, the structure of the radio show "Theme Time Radio Hour," hosted by singer-songwriter Bob Dylan which aired from 2006 to 2009, the musicians that served as radio DJ such as Jarvis Cocker, Iggy Pop, and Cerys Matthews, and the way radio programs provide educational information on songs to their audience.

In 2022, a number of literary critics observed that exactly 100 years had elapsed since 1922, the year that Ezra Pound had once proclaimed as “Year one of a new era.” He was doubtless referring to the publication of T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land as well as James Joyce’s Ulysses. It was the year that Einstein won the Nobel Prize in physics. Not generally noted, but certainly of social importance was the entry of the BBC into the world of radio broadcasting—a major event in the shaping of culture in Great Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New media and new applications of existing media are typically seen as ways of distributing knowledge more effectively, often with hopes that this process will strengthen democracy. Adopting a history-of-knowledge approach, the authors analyze methods of knowledge circulation attending early print, nineteenth-century mechanics' institutes and public libraries, early radio broadcasting, and explanatory journalism, providing a comparative historical framework for a recent new-media platform for distributing knowledge, The Conversation network. Appealing to a socially broad audience has consistently been a challenge. Efforts to distribute knowledge also reflected differences in prevailing media ecosystems, national systems of political economy, and contemporary social/political concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, the linguistic characteristics of speech etiquette formulas in radio broadcasting are analyzed. The theoretical significance of the article is to determine the role of speech etiquette formulas in mass media, in particular, in the radio language system. Such work will help to further develop the rules regarding explicit and implicit ways of expressing emotions through language. The practical importance of this is explained by the importance of establishing intercultural relations according to the rules of a certain culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold War Radio: The Russian Broadcasts of the Voice of America and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty U.S. international broadcasting platforms - Voice of America (VOA) in Washington, DC, and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) in Munich and since 1995 in Prague - have been continually broadcasting to native Russian speakers in their own language from the Second World War through the Cold War into the post-Communist period, especially now with Russia's invasion of Ukraine. As is the case today, the Cold War period was marked by high tensions between Washington and Moscow and creative programming by the VOA and RFE/RL. [Extracted from the article]

After the communist takeover of Czechoslovakia in 1948, Slovaks in the USA and Canada came to the aid of the Roman and Greek Catholic churches in Czechoslovakia, which the communist regime was trying to destroy. They raised funds for the support of Slovak émigré priests in Canada and in Rome, helped fund Vatican Radio broadcasts to Slovakia, helped to publish and smuggle religious publications to Slovakia, and helped to establish the monthly Slovenské hlasy z Rima, the scholarly annual Slovak Studies and the Slovak Institute in Rome. They also agitated for religious freedom in their homeland, for the creation of a Slovak Church Province, and they organized the first anti-government demonstration since 1969 on Good Friday 1988 in Bratislava. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the relationship between radio broadcasting and post-World War II discourses of scientific and technological ambivalence, specifically looking at a special broadcast of the America's Town Meeting of the Air radio discussion program conducted at the 1946 George Westinghouse Centennial Forum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Titled 'Science: Salvation or Destroyer of Mankind?', the broadcast posited that there were two possible paths for science – one leading to future peace and prosperity, and the other bringing about world catastrophe. Here, the 'voice of science' – atomic scientist Harold C. Urey, microbiologist Selman A. Waksman, science reporter William L. Laurence, and medical doctor Herman N. Bundesen – addressed the new scientific challenges facing society after World War II, where the question of humanity's future was presented as a matter of life and death. An examination of the rhetoric of this broadcast within the broader historical context of the George Westinghouse Centennial Forum demonstrates how the liberating or dangerous potentials of science intersected with the challenges of presenting science on the air, revealing some of the inherent contradictions in broadcasting's relationship to science and placing radio itself in a position that parallels the 'two sciences' question posed on Town Meeting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The short story "Theatre 6" is one of three post-apocalyptic short stories included in Sarah Hall's collection Madame Zero, first broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in 2013. The story is inspired by the real-life case of Savita Halappanavar, who died of septic shock at Galway University Hospital in 2012 because of being denied an abortion on grounds of septic miscarriage. The text paints a dystopian vision of a not so far away future where the Hunter fetal care act legislatively places the life of unborn babies higher than the one of mothers. The protagonists are a genderless anaesthesiologist, Dr. Rosinski, and a nameless patient, brought to a London hospital in septic shock, following a denied abortion in spite of a miscarriage suffered several days before. The time of narration is uncertain; however, the story is generally taken to be placed in a future where present-day anti-abortion tendencies have taken over the British judicial system. The story discusses the being/non-being dichotomy from a variety of perspectives: life-death, morals-hypocrisy, religion-secularism, male-female, empathy-bureaucracy, truth-duplicity. The ultimate question the text raises is what or whose life is sacred in a world that has jettisoned all semblance of sanity? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the program called "Gecenin İçinden" broadcast on TRT Radio 1 due to the 59th Library Week, the interview consists of the answers to the questions posed on the history of Turkish Librarianship, important examples, the place and importance of libraries in socio-cultural and academic life, and the role of books and libraries in the socialization of knowledge in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

British novelist Herbert George Wells' 1897 science-fiction novel The War of the Worlds is a story about an invasion of the planet Earth by extraterrestrial beings. The novel is Wells' reaction to his firsthand witnessing of the horrors of British colonialism. Seeing what travesties humans were capable of inflicting on other humans, the story is a projection of colonial anxiety. On 30 October 1938, American theatre director and filmmaker Orson Welles, along with adapter Howard Koch and the actors of the Mercury Theatre, performed H. G. Wells' nineteenth-century science-fiction novel The War of the Worlds as a radio play. Infamous in its reception, the 1938 broadcast was an early example of so-called 'fake news'. On 9–13 March 2022 the University of Missouri Department of Theatre (USA) staged a theatrical version of The War of the Worlds, using the script from the 1938 radio play. I had the privilege of directing the show alongside a culturally diverse production team and cast. The concept behind the MU production was to utilize decolonial strategies of production in order to cut through 'fakeness', and explicate connections between the story and colonial anxieties. We attempted to expose the means of the production of the false narrative through the utilization of anti-racist and anti-sexist directing strategies, and Brechtian theatrical techniques. This essay is an exploration of how our production elucidated the themes of invasion and replacement in the original novel, the radio broadcast and the contemporary version. This analysis reveals the multitude ways in which fantasies of an alien invasion is rooted in the same colonial anxieties that are driving a widespread state of cultural unrest today, and suggests some strategies for making theatre that attempts to ease some of these anxieties. Directors who produce theatre must constantly read 'against the grain' of colonial anxieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the question of whether the broadcasting of radio programs in a senior and nursing center qualifies as a "public performance" and is therefore subject to licensing and compensation. The Higher Regional Court of Zweibrücken has ruled that this is not the case, as the residents of the center constitute a private group of individuals and not an "indeterminate number of potential recipients". This decision contradicts other rulings and is now being reviewed by the Federal Court of Justice. It is pointed out that there is inconsistent case law on this issue and clarification must be awaited from the Federal Court of Justice. [Extracted from the article]

This publication is linked to the following EFSA Journal article: https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8271 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanoparticles with highly asymmetric sizes and charges that self-assemble into crystals via electrostatics may exhibit behaviors reminiscent of those of metals or superionic materials. Here, we use coarse-grained molecular simulations with underdamped Langevin dynamics to explore how a binary charged colloidal crystal reacts to an external electric field. As the field strength increases, we find transitions from insulator (ionic state), to superionic (conductive state), to laning, to complete melting (liquid state). In the superionic state, the resistivity decreases with increasing temperature, which is contrary to metals, yet the increment decreases as the electric field becomes stronger. Additionally, we verify that the dissipation of the system and the fluctuation of charge currents obey recently developed thermodynamic uncertainty relation. Our results describe charge transport mechanisms in colloidal superionic conductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in consumer behavior in accessing information in the digitalization era have become a challenge for radio broadcaster RRI Medan to maintain its existence. Therefore, communication management needs to innovate and develop effective communication strategies to stay relevant and interesting to listeners. This research was conducted to determine the communication strategy of broadcaster RRI Medan in maintaining its existence in the digitalization era. This type of research is descriptive qualitative which aims to explain and describe. Researchers use content analysis in analyzing data. The data analysis used in this study is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Radio conveys information and instructions to its listeners quickly, or it can be said that it is also delivered directly. Having a good communication strategy as well as interesting content really helps radio in maintaining its existence in society. In addition, Broadcasters are the spearhead for broadcast radio. The research results show that. RRI Medan also makes it easier for listeners to listen to broadcasts through the RRI play go application and other internet access. In this effort, RRI Medan can maintain its existence in the digitalization era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Set up covertly during the Second World War and continuing until the Suez crisis of 1956, the Near East Arab Broadcasting Station – better known as Sharq al-Adna – was for most of its life one of the most influential radio stations in the Middle East. This article draws on an unpublished memoir by a former director of the station, to tell the little-known story of a British attempt to win Arab hearts and minds during a formative period in the emergence of the modern Middle East. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

UNED, the National Distance Education University, is a public university celebreting its 50th anniversary in 2022. Since 2015 it collaborates in disseminating the activities of the International Year of Light and light based Technologies and since 2018 the activities of the International Day of Light (16 May). Every year, UNED records radio and TV programs related to the International Day of Light, which are broadcast shortly prior to May 16th. Along these years, a total of 8 tv programs have been broadcast through the national second channel (La 2 de TVE), and through the International Channel and other local channels. In addition, other 10 radio programs have been broadcast though Radio 3 - RNE (Radio Nacional de España). These programs are available through the Spanish Light Day website (https://www.diadelaluz.es/), through the UNED institutional repository, as well as in the National Spanish Radio and TV repositories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Music has always played an important role in alleviating physical and mental ailments. However, systematic research on the benefits of music use has only evolved in the last three decades. Here, we consider possible ways of introducing music into the Slovenian healthcare system. We present the current achievements of our project, such as spreading awareness through radio broadcasts, a study on the attitudes towards music interventions among musically active physicians, and a hospital radio prototype. Ultimately, we bring attention to our future endeavours, including the adaptation of the musical sophistication questionnaire and a pilot study on music therapy for people with Parkinson's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses Cold War Soviet radio broadcasting. After World War II the Soviet broadcasting system was no longer isolated from foreign media. The information spread by Western radio stations created new problems and obstacles for the Soviet broadcasting authority Gosteleradio. The authorities feared their information monopoly would suffer because they could not effectively prevent Soviet citizens from listening to popular foreign news and entertainment programmes. Jamming Western radio programmes turned out to be quite expensive and ineffective because Soviet citizens always found ways to evade the jammed frequencies. Hence, the authorities tried to cope differently with this situation: by creating the concept of kontrpropaganda they fought more openly with the information contents Western radio stations offered in their programmes. But instead of arguing on rational ground they condemned them morally. At the same time Soviet authorities began to improve their own radio programmes by analysing sociological surveys about listener preferences and by creating new programme concepts for their news and entertainment shows. A famous example for these programmes is the creation of Majak in 1964, a new unionwide around-the-clock news and entertainment programme. Despite being quite popular and peculiarly Soviet it did not solve the main obstacles facing Soviet radio broadcasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In its history of over 100 years, radio has repeatedly been caught up in the tensions of political ambitions and has often been instrumentalised and used to influence the masses, particularly in the context of war and other conflicts. The question therefore seems justified: What makes radio susceptible or suitable for agitation, incitement, manipulation, and propaganda? Research on radio and broadcasting provides some initial answers to this question, but cannot provide universally valid statements, because propaganda and the systematic contexts as well as the use of the medium vary considerably in each case. However, radio theory and media studies allow us to better understand, to classify and contextualise the medium, and thus to develop explanatory methods. First, this article provides an overview of radio and broadcasting research from a media studies perspective as a first orientation for a study of radio as a propaganda tool. In a second step, it discusses radio in the context of propaganda. Finally, to examine radio (as an instrument of propaganda), it is necessary to consider media materialist, media systematics and media/radio theoretical perspectives, which is presented in a third step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than 4,700 radio reports from the United States Information Service/Vienna can be found today in the holdings of the Österreichische Mediathek. The radio broadcasts, which presented a diverse picture of U.S. society and at the same time propagated U.S.-Austrian ties, were made available to the Austrian Broadcasting Corporation (ORF) for broadcast in various program channels from the 1950s to the 1970s. In the course of the research project "The Radio Reports of the United States Information Agency (USIA) for Austria 1953-1979: US American Self-perception and Austrian Outside Perception", this comprehensive audio source material was placed in a (media) historical context and analyzed with regard to American and Austrian images of the self and of the outside world. In this article, insights are given into the programmatic background, the content design and focus, as well as the rhetorically emotionalizing presentation of these broadcasts, which conducted public and cultural diplomacy in the sense of the U.S. government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intensive use of digital technology and social media during the confinement due to Covid-19 naturalized a close relationship and familiarity between the radio and listeners. Based on this, a case study was carried out focused on the five general broadcast networks of the Colombian radio market (Caracol Radio, W Radio, Blu Radio, rcn Radio, and La fm). This article reviews the production of content through a mixed methodology based on listening to radio programs and collecting actions on social media. Some sort of "intensity" may be observed in these programs, to facilitate brief and immediate consumption through rhetorical, sound, and visual codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A liberalisation policy would later take effect to ensure that state-owned radio stations did not broadcast beyond their states within Nigeria - this policy, according to the author, was influenced by the IMF and the World Bank. The author familiarises the reader with different scholarly perspectives on public policy actualisation stages, which include problem identification, policy formulation, policy support through legislation, policy implementation and evaluation. The limitation of the liberalisation policy - the available state and private radio stations did little community and development-focused broadcasting - heightened the call for community radio (third-sector broadcasting). [Extracted from the article]