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We propose an effective scheme to sense charged particles by employing two-color second-order sidebands (TSSs) in a hybrid optomechanical system. This is realized in an optomechanical cavity with a double-oscillator structure, where the Coulomb force acting on two charged oscillators participates in nonlinear optomechanical interaction. With the aid of mechanical mode splitting induced by the Coulomb force, we report that the TSS spectrum can be generated and enhanced when the strong absorption in the transmission spectrum allows the TSS generated pathways to be readily accessed. More importantly, after seeking two correlations between the TSS spectra and the charged particles deposited on the oscillator, we design a dual-parameter sensor to measure the mass and the charge of the external particles simultaneously. Through evaluating the influence of the thermomechanical noise on the optomechanical sensing device, the resolution for detecting the mass and the charge of the measured particles can be identified as δ m ≈ 1.7 × 10 − 18 g and δ Q ≈ 1.6 × 10 − 18 C , respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exceptional points (EPs) are critical phase points in non-Hermitian systems, exhibiting fantastic physical phenomena and plenty of applications, such as unidirectional reflectionless and ultrahigh-sensitive detection of perturbations. Here, a non-Hermitian metasurface based on multilayers split-ring resonators (SRRs) is proposed with specific EP effects. By changing the angle of the SRRs and adjusting the geometric parameters of the metasurface, EPs are generated with topologically protected 2π-phase accumulation. A unique EP effect can be achieved in the THz region, and high-performance sensing of environment refractive index can be realized around the EP position. Therefore, this work demonstrates an EP-based sensing enhancement at non-Hermitian systems compared to Hermitian ones and paves the way for the design of high-performance THz sensors based on topological polaritonic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We study the link between civic sense and recycling in Italy. • We highlight theoretical results obtained using a contribution game. • We use the Italian Multipurpose Household Survey (MHS). • We use an ordered probit model for years 1998, 2012, 2018, 2019. • We find a positive, robust and stable link between civic sense and recycling. This article studies from a conceptual, theoretical and empirical point of view the link between civic sense and recycling activities in Italy related to the years 1998, 2012, 2018, 2019. It establishes a link among the concepts of civic sense, whose essential components are behaviours, attitudes and interactions, with it being a typical traditional theoretical approach with perfectly rational and perfectly informed agents, along with a standard empirical analyses on the determinants of (household) waste recycling. Starting from a game-theoretic model of contribution with particular features related to the objective function of agents and a heterogeneity in their costs, the article aims to highlight how certain theoretical results get together with empirical evidence. In the empirical analysis, using the micro-data of a "Multipurpose Survey on Households" provided by the Italian National Statistical Office and an ordered probit model, the article finds a positive, robust and stable correlation between civic sense and household recycling activities The findings show that a higher civic sense is related to an increase in household recycling activities, respectively, of 1.2 percentage points in 1998, 4.3 percentage points in 2012, and 3.8 percentage points in both 2018 and 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Hermitian systems around exceptional points (EPs) demonstrate increased sensitivity as the EP order increases. We propose a protocol for constructing a reconfigurable non-Hermitian system consisting of three coupled optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) and demonstrate its enhanced sensitivity around EPs. The coupled OPO system exhibits reconfigurable high-order EPs and corresponding-order enhanced sensitivity (i.e. fourth and sixth order) when it is subjected to pump modulation. Furthermore, the coupled OPO system can synthesize directly a Floquet non-Hermitian system by introducing periodic pump modulation, and can achieve a tunable second-order Floquet EP without periodic modulation of the coupling rates. The convenient flexibility of the coupled OPO system allows it to operate at EPs of different orders and customize a Floquet EP by manipulating the pump parameters. Our protocol can thus contribute to the development of high-performance sensors and precision measurement devices by exploring the unique features of non-Hermitian systems around various EPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To critically explore experiences following thumb amputation and delineate elements of an ideal thumb prosthesis from the end user perspective. A qualitative study was undertaken with end user stakeholder groups, which included persons with a thumb amputation, rehabilitation professionals, and prosthetists. Analysis proceeded in line with conventional content analysis. Six patients with traumatic thumb amputation and eight healthcare providers (HCPs) were interviewed. Six themes were identified. The first theme discussed the impact of losing a thumb upon function, occupational activities, and mental wellbeing. The second theme reflected the idiosyncratic nature of thumb amputees, including their goals and nature of injury. The third theme stressed the costs associated with obtaining a thumb prosthesis. The fourth theme explored patient frustration and causes of device abandonment. Theme five summarized opinions on currently available thumb prostheses, and theme seven was the ideal design for a thumb prosthetic, including sensory elements and materials. Representative data from stakeholders mapped the current status of thumb prostheses. Preferences for an ideal thumb prosthesis included a simple, durable design with the ability to oppose, grasp, and sense pressure. Affordable cost and ease of fit emerged as systemic objectives. Provides insight into the experiences of individuals following thumb amputation. Identifies challenges that may lead to prosthetic abandonment so that these can be considered and addressed by rehabilitation professionals. Identifies positive elements and preferred materials in current prosthetics so that rehabilitation professionals may incorporate these more frequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: New onset or worsening of a headache disorder substantially contributes to the disease burden of post-COVID-19. Its management poses a suitable means to enhance patients' participation in professional, social, and personal activities. Unfortunately, the pathophysiology of post-COVID-19 headaches is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the role of (neuro-) inflammatory mechanisms in order to guide the development of anti-inflammatory treatment strategies. Methods: We included patients from the interdisciplinary post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation Study (PoCoRe, n = 184 patients) run at a tertiary care university hospital, comprising patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection ≥ 6 weeks prior to their initial consultation. Patients reporting any headache since their infection were considered for this study (n = 93). These were interviewed and classified according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, Third Edition (ICHD-3) by headache specialists. Patient sera were additionally analysed for levels of VILIP-1, MCP-1 (CCL2), sTREM-2, BDNF, TGF-ß1, VEGF, IL-6, sTREM-1, ß-NGF, IL-18, TNF-alpha, sRAGE, and CX3CL1 (Fractalkine). Markers of inflammation were compared between four groups of patients (none, unchanged, worsened, or new headache disorder). Results: Patients reported experiencing more severe headaches (n = 17), new onset headaches (n = 46), unchanged headaches (n = 18), and surprisingly, some patients denied having any headaches (n = 12) despite self-reports. Serum levels of CX3CL1 were increased in the worsened (2145 [811–4866] pg/ml) and new onset (1668 [0-7357] pg/ml) headache group as compared to patients with no (1129 [0-5379] pg/ml) or unchanged (1478 [346–4332] pg/ml) headaches. Other markers also differed between groups, but most significantly between patients with worsened (TGF-ß1: 60 [0-310] pg/ml, VEGF: 328 [86–842] pg/ml, ß-NGF: 6 [3–38] pg/ml) as compared to unchanged headaches (TGF-ß1: 29 [0–77] pg/ml, VEGF: 183 [72–380] pg/ml, ß-NGF: 3 [2–89] pg/ml). The results did not differ between headache phenotypes. Discussion: This study provides evidence that worsened or new headaches following COVID-19 are associated with pro-(neuro-)inflammatory profiles. This supports the use of anti-inflammatory treatment options in this population, especially in the subacute phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We developed a system to detect multiple target biomolecules through sensing motif-tethered oligodeoxynucleotides. DNA-based molecular probes gave the primary amine motif upon reaction with the target biomolecules, glutathione (GSH) and H2O2. After labelling with biotin, the product DNAs were selectively collected to be quantified by qPCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have received extensive attention in the fields of electrocatalytic sensing, and in response to the requirements of different sensing systems, a variety of metal single‐atom structures have been emerged. In this review, we at first introduce the current mainstream synthesis methods of SACs, and then focus on the structural regulation strategies of SACs and the structure‐performance relationship generated in electrocatalytic sensing. It is worth noting that we classify the regulation engineering of single‐atom structures and describe the corresponding enhanced performance of electrocatalytic sensing, which makes up for the shortcomings of reviews in this field. Eventually, the opportunities and challenges of SACs based electrochemical sensors are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Some persons with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) refuse or drop out of treatment because of the aversive nature of exposure and response prevention therapy when they have to face and tolerate unpleasant thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations. Indeed, one study suggested that a higher willingness to experience unpleasant thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations (WTE) predicts a better treatment outcome, but this finding has not been replicated yet. Methods: We examined whether WTE at admission predicted treatment outcome in a sample of 324 inpatients with OCD who received a multimodal treatment that included cognitive-behavioral therapy with exposure and response prevention sessions. Results: Obsessive–compulsive symptoms (based on OCD-specific self-report questionnaires) decreased with medium-to-large effect sizes (all ps < 0.001) and global functioning (based on therapist ratings) increased with a large effect size (d = 1.3, p < 0.001) from admission to discharge. In contrast to previous findings, however, WTE did not predict treatment outcome (all ps > 0.005). The effect of WTE on treatment outcome remained non-significant when controlling for any comorbidity, age, sex, length of stay, and antidepressant medication and was not moderated by these variables. Conclusions: Results indicate that higher WTE at the beginning of inpatient treatment does not facilitate improvements in obsessive–compulsive symptoms from admission to discharge. However, they also indicate that lower WTE at the beginning of inpatient treatment does not adversely affect treatment outcome, that is, even patients who indicate that they are unwilling to face the negative experiences associated with exposure and response prevention can still achieve considerable symptom reductions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fitness trackers are increasingly used by their wearers to monitor and optimise their exercise, health, and well-being. What is usually not considered is the role our interoceptive sense, the sense for inner-bodily processes, plays in the interpretation of body data and the formation of habits. By including neuroscientific research, perspectives from pragmatist philosophy, and science and technology studies into the analysis of self-tracking devices, this article will give a perspective on the scope and the effects of the involvement of the interoceptive sense in self-tracking practices. By offering a critical analysis of the contextualisation of experience through self-tracking devices, this article will argue that interoceptive awareness provides the context to make sense of body data. I propose here that paying greater attention to how interoception is involved in the mediation of bodily processes and activities through tracking devices can give novel insights into self-tracking as an embodied and affective practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prompted by the exhibition Francis Bacon: Man and Beast (January–April 2022), this article takes a cultural studies and historical poetics approach to the significance of skin in Bacon's nudes. Drawing upon Michel Serres's philosophy and the work of prominent figures within skin studies, this article argues that Bacon's paintings intuitively embody the significance of skin as a dynamic site/sight of sensory, lived, experience shaped by socio-historical context. Bacon's nudes are considered in relation to the dermalogical turn; the topological body; Didier Anzieu's skin ego and skin as our 'deepest surface'; and the importance of movement in Bacon's imagery, which correlates with Serres's notion that learning occurs through bodily motion. Serres recognises that cultural works – including painting and other creative practices – can convey complex multiplicities of knowledge synthesised into new and distinct forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Art is known to give rise to a large range of emotions in people. These emotions are associated with bodily sensations felt in various regions of the body and subjective feelings. The current study applies bodily sensation maps (BSMs; Nummenmaa et al., 2014) as a tool to measure art-elicited emotions by charting bodily sensations onto a body map. Through a web survey, 90 participants viewed 36 new media visual artworks. After each artwork, they were asked (a) to point out the regions of their body in which they felt activity getting stronger or weaker; (b) to select, if appropriate, up to two primary emotion words being anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness or surprise; and (c) to rate the intensity of the subjective feeling on a continuous scale. By allowing two primary emotion words for each artwork, participants could report more complex emotions. Among complex emotions, bittersweetness, delight, despair, and repugnance occurred the most, and delight stands as the most frequently used. Results show that BSMs are a resourceful method to investigate simple and complex emotions elicited by art in terms of bodily sensations and subjective feelings. Interestingly, we found that art-elicited emotions were always characterized by increased activity in the head area. This study provides novel insights into the nature of art-elicited emotions and how they are experienced in the body, as well as how they are related to emotions in everyday life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a highly impairing condition with important public health impacts. Despite the availability of treatment options for AUD, research shows that few people receive treatment, and even fewer can maintain abstinence/low‐drinking levels. This study investigated the role of personality traits in past‐year alcohol use among individuals with severe AUD who ever attended Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), a widespread and easily accessible self‐help group for alcohol problems. Methods: Univariable and multivariable regressions were performed separately in females and males with alcohol consumption as an outcome. Socioeconomic factors, genetic liability, and psychopathology were included as covariates in the analyses. Results: Results from the multivariable model indicated that in females who attended AA, greater alcohol use was related to both positive and negative urgency and low sensation seeking, while in males, greater alcohol use was related to positive urgency. Results also showed that, in both sexes, younger age and lower educational levels were associated with greater alcohol use. Moreover, single males and individuals with lower AUD severity were at higher risk of using alcohol in the past year. Conclusions: These findings highlight sex‐specific correlates of drinking in individuals with AUD who engaged in self‐help groups. These findings may help to improve treatment options, as personality encompasses modifiable traits that can be targeted in psychological interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgroud: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes, affecting about half of individuals with the disease. Among the various symptoms of DN, the development of chronic pain stands out and manifests as exacerbated responses to sensorial stimuli. The conventional clinical treatments used for general neuropathy and associated painful symptoms, still brings uncomplete and unsatisfactory pain relief. Patients with neuropathic pain syndromes are heterogeneous. They present with a variety of sensory symptoms and pain qualities which difficult the correct diagnosis of sensory comorbidities and consequently, the appropriate chronic pain management. Aims: Herein, we aimed to demonstrate the existence of different sensory profiles on diabetic patients by investigating epidemiological and clinical data on the symptomatology of a group of patients with DN. Methods: This is a longitudinal and observational study, with a sample of 57 volunteers diagnosed with diabetes from outpatient day clinic of Hospital Universitário of the University of São Paulo—Brazil. After being invited and signed the Informed Consent Form (ICF), patients were submitted to clinical evaluation and filled out pain and quality of life questionnaires. They also performed quantitative sensory test (QST) and underwent skin biopsy for correlation with cutaneous neuropathology. Results: Data demonstrate that 70% of the studied sample presented some type of pain, manifesting in a neuropathic or nociceptive way, what has a negative impact on the life of patients with DM. We also demonstrated a positive association between pain and anxiety and depression, in addition to pain catastrophic thoughts. Three distinct profiles were identified in the sample, separated according to the symptoms of pain: (i) subjects without pain; (ii) with mild or moderate pain; (iii) subjects with severe pain. We also identified through skin biopsy that diabetic patients presented advanced sensory impairment, as a consequence of the degeneration of the myelinated and unmyelinated peripheral fibers. This study characterized the painful symptoms and exteroceptive sensation profile in these diabetic patients, associated to a considerable level of sensory degeneration, indicating, and reinforcing the importance of the long‐term clinical monitoring of individuals diagnosed with DM, regarding their symptom profiles and exteroceptive sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carrier sense allows end devices to improve the communication quality through autonomous decentralization by consuming power. In particular, energy detection-based carrier sense can improve communication quality compared with peak detection-based carrier sense. To improve the trade-off between communication quality and energy consumption in low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs), this study proposes a self-tuning method for the signal detection level of an energy detection-based carrier sense, that is, the carrier sense level in sub-GHz band LPWANs. In the proposed method, the carrier sense level of each end device is determined based on the reception success probability of the acknowledgment packet, such that they become low carrier sense levels for an end device with low probability and high carrier sense levels for an end device with high probability. The proposed method enables autonomous decentralized derivation of the carrier sense level using only existing protocols. Numerical examples show that the proposed method can improve the performance of end devices with a high path loss to a gateway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laser-scribed graphene (LSG), a classic three-dimensional porous carbon nanomaterial, is directly fabricated by laser irradiation of substrate materials. Benefiting from its excellent electrical and mechanical properties, along with flexible and simple preparation process, LSG has played a significant role in the field of flexible sensors. This review provides an overview of the critical factors in fabrication, and methods for enhancing the functionality of LSG. It also highlights progress and trends in LSG-based sensors for monitoring physiological indicators, with an emphasis on device fabrication, signal transduction, and sensing characteristics. Finally, we offer insights into the current challenges and future prospects of LSG-based sensors for health monitoring and disease diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanostructures of pores and protrusions in the insect cuticle modify molecular permeability and surface wetting and help insects sense various environmental cues. However, the cellular mechanisms that modify cuticle nanostructures are poorly understood. Here, we elucidate how insect-specific Osiris family genes are expressed in various cuticle-secreting cells in the Drosophila head during the early stages of cuticle secretion and cover nearly the entire surface of the head epidermis. Furthermore, we demonstrate how each sense organ cell with various cuticular nanostructures expressed a unique combination of Osiris genes. Osiris gene mutations cause various cuticle defects in the corneal nipples and pores of the chemosensory sensilla. Thus, our study emphasizes on the importance of Osiris genes for elucidating cuticle nanopatterning in insects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: So far, there have been no in-depth analyses of the connection between tinnitus sensation--level loudness and sleep quality. Accordingly, the present study was formulated as a mediation analysis focused on exploring this relationship. Method: Overall, 1,255 adults with consecutive subjective tinnitus who had sought outpatient treatment were enrolled in the present study. Results: Direct effects of tinnitus sensation--level loudness on sleep quality were not statistically significant (95% confidence intervals [CI] include zero), as measured by the point estimate, -0.016. However, the 95% CI for indirect effects did not include zero when assessing the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores, the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores, the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, and self-reported tinnitus annoyance. Conclusions: These results suggest that tinnitus sensation--level loudness does not directly have an effect on sleep quality. However, it indirectly impacts sleep quality, mediated by SAS scores, SDS scores, the impact of tinnitus on life measured using the VAS, and self-reported tinnitus annoyance. As such, alleviating anxiety and depression in patients with tinnitus may result in reductions in their insomnia even if there is no reduction in tinnitus loudness. Importantly, otolaryngologists and other clinicians treating tinnitus should refer patients with tinnitus suffering from insomnia with comorbid depression or anxiety for appropriate psychological and/or psychiatric treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Experimental research evaluating differences between the visceral and somatic stimulation is limited to pain and typically uses different induction methods for visceral and somatic stimulation (e.g., rectal balloon distention vs. tactile hand stimulation). Our study aimed to compare differences in response time, intensity, unpleasantness, and threat between identical electrical visceral and somatic stimulations at both painful and non‐painful perceptual thresholds. Methods: Electrical stimulation was applied to the wrist and distal esophagus in 20 healthy participants. A double pseudorandom staircase determined perceptual thresholds of Sensation, Discomfort, and Pain for the somatic and visceral stimulations, separately. Stimulus reaction time (ms, via button press), and intensity, unpleasantness, and threat ratings were recorded after each stimulus. General linear mixed models compared differences in the four outcomes by stimulation type, threshold, and the stimulation type‐by‐threshold interaction. Sigmoidal maximum effect models evaluated differences in outcomes across all delivered stimulation intensities. Key Results: Overall, visceral stimulations were perceived as more intense, threatening, and unpleasant compared to somatic stimulations, but participants responded faster to somatic stimulations. There was no significant interaction effect, but planned contrasts demonstrated differences at individual thresholds. Across all delivered intensities, higher intensity stimulations were needed to reach the half‐maximum effect of self‐reported intensity, unpleasantness, and threat ratings in the visceral domain. Conclusions and Inferences: Differences exist between modalities for both non‐painful and painful sensations. These findings may have implications for translating paradigms and behavioral treatments from the somatic domain to the visceral domain, though future research in larger clinical samples is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to identify unique constellations of sensory phenotypes for genetic etiologies associated with diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). Caregivers reported on sensory behaviors via the Sensory Profile for 290 participants (younger than 25 years of age) with ASD and/or ID diagnoses, of which ~ 70% have a known pathogenic genetic etiology. Caregivers endorsed poor registration (i.e., high sensory threshold, passive behaviors) for all genetic subgroups relative to an "idiopathic" comparison group with an ASD diagnosis and without a known genetic etiology. Genetic profiles indicated prominent sensory seeking in ADNP, CHD8, and DYRK1A, prominent sensory sensitivities in SCN2A, and fewer sensation avoidance behaviors in GRIN2B (relative to the idiopathic ASD comparison group). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In mammals, the ventral respiratory column (VRC) plays a pivotal role in integrating neurochemically diverse inputs from brainstem and forebrain regions to generate respiratory motor patterns. VRC microinjection of the neuropeptide galanin has been reported to dampen carbon dioxide (CO2)-mediated chemoreflex responses. Additionally, we previously demonstrated that galaninergic neurons in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) are implicated in the adaptive response to hypercapnic stimuli, suggesting a link between RTN neuroplasticity and increased neuronal drive to the VRC. VRC neurons express galanin receptor 1, suggesting potential regulatory action by galanin, however, the precise galaninergic chemoreceptor-VRC circuitry remains to be determined. This study aimed to identify sources of galaninergic input to the VRC that contribute to central respiratory chemoreception. We employed a combination of retrograde neuronal tracing, in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry to investigate VRC-projecting neurons that synthesise galanin mRNA. In an additional series of experiments, we used acute hypercapnia exposure (10% CO2, 1 h) and c-Fos immunohistochemistry to ascertain which galaninergic nuclei projecting to the VRC are activated. Our findings reveal that a total of 30 brain nuclei and 51 subnuclei project to the VRC, with 12 of these containing galaninergic neurons, including the RTN. Among these galaninergic populations, only a subset of the RTN neurons (approximately 55%) exhibited activation in response to acute hypercapnia. Our findings highlight that the RTN is the likely source of galaninergic transmission to the VRC in response to hypercapnic stimuli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The communication of pain has been figured, in both the canonical work of Elaine Scarry and in biomedical discourse, as bringing pain up from bodily depths to a surface where it is visibly manifest to others. This study of acute physical pain in three popular American narrative texts and their film adaptations suggests that the oculocentrism of such accounts has elided the significant role of sound, both verbal and nonverbal, in the expression and witnessing of physical pain. Instances of what was classified in the nineteenth century as sensation literature, these three texts produce direct sensory effects. Scott Smith's The Ruins (2006) is a horror novel, William Goldman's Marathon Man (1974) a thriller, and Aron Ralston's Between a Rock and a Hard Place (2004) (film: 127 Hours) an adventure-survival memoir. Reading pain in each of three triple texts—book, film, and the screenplay transmitting pain from one to the other—opens up a new archive of pain texts that promise sensation rather than relief, offering a new perspective on the imaginative—and paradoxically ameliorative—creativity brought into being by the notorious recalcitrance of pain. This essay argues for attention to the protolinguistic pain language of groans and screams; for a poetics of "ouch." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article delves into specific nerve pathways and their role in hip joint innervation, highlighting the sensory and motor functions involved. It also discusses common clinical scenarios where knowledge of hip joint innervation is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment, such as in cases of hip pain, trauma, or postoperative management.

This study explores the centrality of the senses for the maintenance or disruption of people's commonsensical familiarity with the world. Drawing from in-depth interviews with people affected by depersonalization/derealization, which the American Psychiatric Association defines as a dissociative condition in which people perceive the world as dream-like, I conceptualize what I term somatic defamiliarization. I define somatic defamiliarization as a process whereby people experience previously unquestioned sensory phenomena, such as mundane objects or their bodies, as unfamiliar. Building on Berger and Luckmann's work, I contend that somatic defamiliarization is a perpetual, albeit latent, condition of social life that threatens reality maintenance. I discuss how the concept of somatic defamiliarization can be applied to explore the somatic qualities of experiential ruptures that people may undergo in various circumstances, such as immigration or war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Panentheism is the position that the world is in some sense 'in' God, and God 'in' the world, without the world being identical to God. Thus, it tries, like what I call mainstream theism and against pantheism, to protect the transcendence of God, while giving greater emphasis to his immanence in creation than the former. I aim to explicate an approach that I call Orthodox Panentheism. The word 'orthodox' is to be read in two ways. First, the picture is derived from the writings of some of the most important figures in Eastern Christian thought, so that it is Orthodox in the 'big "O" sense'. Second, I hope to show that it is a legitimate Christian picture of the God–world relation which is both distinctive and worthy of being called 'panentheism' – an orthodox panentheism in the 'little "o" sense'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with exploring legal atmospheres during colonial expansionism and the early period of confederation of British Columbia. By describing the theatrical and performative aspects of legal colonialism, the archival documents from this time represent interesting, yet oft-overlooked, significances that attention to sensory and affective experiences captures. Examining "affective atmospheres" disclosed in such colonial settings reveals ways that the colonial regime promulgated its influence in non-rational, non-legal manners. As well, drawing out the material conditions of topography shows how the environment acts more than just a backdrop for the staging of legal expansionism, as it acts also as a constitutive force in the development of colonial legal arrangements. At the same time, the colonial regime was forgetful of these same contextual, topographical, and atmospheric origins of law insofar as it promulgated myths of the universality, objectivity, and superiority of English law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyse variations in the n-butanol threshold and odour identification scores of the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Centre test in various grades of olfactory dysfunction and in different nasal conditions leading to olfactory loss. Method: Retrospective observational study. Results: All grades of olfactory dysfunction were predominantly noted among males. In chronic rhinosinusitis, anosmia or severe hyposmia was seen in 87.5 per cent of patients without polyps in comparison with 68 per cent of patients with polyps. In addition, 90 per cent of patients with atrophic rhinitis and post-traumatic loss had anosmia, but only 30.7 per cent of patients with allergic rhinitis had anosmia. Pepper was the most affected smell for all the nasal diseases except atrophic rhinitis, in which asafoetida and baby powder smells were affected more. Conclusion: In most inflammatory sinonasal conditions, odour identification is relatively preserved even when the threshold is maximally affected. In patients with comparable olfactory dysfunction based on the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Centre test score, a relatively preserved suprathreshold odour identification score may predict better prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Propofol for anesthesia has become increasingly popular for endoscopic procedures. However, pain on propofol injection (POPI) remains an issue with administration. The primary endpoint of this study was to identify patient characteristics and factors, such as IV site and gauge, that could predict the occurrence of POPI. Methods: This was a prospective chart review study of 291 patients undergoing endoscopic procedures. The patient's demographics, intravenous (IV) site, and gauge were extrapolated. POPI was scored 0–3: 0 for no pain, 1 for minimal discomfort or awareness of sensation, 2 for discomfort but manageable/tolerable, and 3 for severe discomfort with writhing. Results: 291 patient charts were reviewed. One patient was excluded for a lower extremity IV site. 225 (77.6%) had no pain, 48 (16.6%) grade 1 pain, 16 (5.5%) grade 2 pain, and 1 (0.3%) grade 3 pain. 137, 13, and 140 patients respectively had antecubital (AC), forearm, and hand IVs. Zero patients with an AC IV experienced a score greater than 1. Compared to AC, forearm IVs with pain of 2–3 had a univariate odds ratio (OR) of 11.3 (0.66,1.92; p-value < 0.001), and hand IVs had a univariate OR of 18.8 (2.46,143.3; p-value < 0.001) with a multivariable OR 15.2 (1.93,118.9; p-value 0.004). Patients with anxiety/depression and pain had a univariate OR 2.31 (1.09, 7.27; p-value 0.031) with a multivariable OR 2.85 (1.06, 7.74; p-value 0.039). SSRI/SNRI use had a univariate OR 1.56 (0.57,4.28; p-value 0.38). Alcohol use had a univariate OR 1.24 (0.39,3.91; p-value 0.71). Narcotic use had a Univariate OR 6.18 (1.49,25.6; p-value 0.012). Diabetic patients had a univariate OR of 1.42 (0.45,4.48; p-value 0.55). Chronic pain had a univariate OR of 3.11 (1.04,9.28; p-value 0.042). Females had a univariate OR 0.98 (0.37,2.63; p-value 0.95). Conclusion: This study identified potential characteristics for having POPI. The incidence of POPI was statistically significant in patients with hand and forearm IVs compared to AC IV sites, larger IV gauges, history of depression/anxiety, history of chronic narcotic use, fibromyalgia, and chronic pain syndromes. This shows the potential of premedicating with analgesics or using AC sites on these select patients to help reduce the risk of POPI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple aqueous host:guest sensing array can selectively discriminate between different types of citrus varietal from peel extract samples. It can also distinguish between identical citrus samples at varying stages of ripening. The discrimination effects stem from detection of changes in the terpenoid composition of the peel extracts by the host:guest array, despite the overwhelming excess of a single component, limonene, in each sample. The hosts are insensitive to limonene but bind other monoterpenes strongly, even though they are similar in structure to the major limonene component. This work demonstrates the capability of host:guest arrays in sensing target molecules in environments with the competing agents present at high abundances in the sample matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBuruli ulcer (BU) is a skin infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans and a neglected tropical disease of the skin (skin NTD). Antibiotic treatments are available but, to be effective in the absence of surgery, BU must be detected at its earliest stages (an innocuous-looking lump under the skin) and adherence to prescribed drugs must be high. This study aimed to develop multisensory medical illustrations of BU to support communication with at-risk communities. We used a Think Aloud method to explore community health workers’ (n = 6) experiences of BU with a focus on the role of their five senses, since these non-medical disease experts are familiar with the day-to-day challenges presented by BU. Thematic analysis of the transcripts identified three key themes relating to ‘Detection,’ ‘Help Seeking,’ and ‘Adherence’ with a transcending theme ‘Senses as key facilitators of health care’. New medical illustrations, for which we coin the phrase “5D illustrations” (signifying the contribution of the five senses) were then developed to reflect these themes. The senses therefore facilitated an enriched narrative enabling the production of relevant and useful visuals for health communication. The medical artist community could utilise sensory experiences to create dynamic medical illustrations for use in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vertebrate sense of taste allows rapid assessment of the nutritional quality and potential presence of harmful substances prior to ingestion. Among the five basic taste qualities, salty, sour, sweet, umami, and bitter, bitterness is associated with the presence of putative toxic substances and elicits rejection behaviors in a wide range of animals including humans. However, not all bitter substances are harmful, some are thought to be health-beneficial and nutritious. Among those compound classes that elicit a bitter taste although being non-toxic and partly even essential for humans are bitter peptides and l-amino acids. Using functional heterologous expression assays, we observed that the 5 dominant human bitter taste receptors responsive to bitter peptides and amino acids are activated by bile acids, which are notorious for their extreme bitterness. We further demonstrate that the cross-reactivity of bitter taste receptors for these two different compound classes is evolutionary conserved and can be traced back to the amphibian lineage. Moreover, we show that the cross-detection by some receptors relies on "structural mimicry" between the very bitter peptide l-Trp-Trp-Trp and bile acids, whereas other receptors exhibit a phylogenetic conservation of this trait. As some bile acid-sensitive bitter taste receptor genes fulfill dual-roles in gustatory and non-gustatory systems, we suggest that the phylogenetic conservation of the rather surprising cross-detection of the two substance classes could rely on a gene-sharing-like mechanism in which the non-gustatory function accounts for the bitter taste response to amino acids and peptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prof. Khwaja Sadiq Husain is a highly respected physician in Pakistan, known for his exceptional clinical skills and teaching abilities. He served as the Principal of King Edward Medical College and President of the College of Physicians & Surgeons of Pakistan. Despite his declining health, he maintains a great sense of humor. During a recent visit, he shared his contentment with life and expressed gratitude for his family and career. Prof. Husain has been a strong advocate for professional ethics in the medical field and has been recognized for his contributions to medical journalism. [Extracted from the article]

In the sixth generation (6G) era, intelligent machine network (IMN) applications, such as intelligent transportation, require collaborative machines with communication, sensing, and computation (CSC) capabilities. This article proposes an integrated communication, sensing, and computation (ICSAC) framework for 6G to achieve the reciprocity among CSC functions to enhance the reliability and latency of communication, accuracy and timeliness of sensing information acquisition, and privacy and security of computing to realize the IMN applications. Specifically, the sensing and communication functions can merge into unified platforms using the same transmit signals, and the acquired real-time sensing information can be exploited as prior information for intelligent algorithms to enhance the performance of communication networks. This is called the computing-empowered integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) reciprocity. Such reciprocity can further improve the performance of distributed computation with the assistance of networked sensing capability, which is named the sensing-empowered integrated communications and computation (ICAC) reciprocity. The above ISAC and ICAC reciprocities can enhance each other iteratively and finally lead to the ICSAC reciprocity. To achieve these reciprocities, we explore the potential enabling technologies for the ICSAC framework. Finally, we present the evaluation results of crucial enabling technologies to show the feasibility of the ICSAC framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Similarity of nitroimidazole and nitrofuran antibiotics in molecular structure and photophysical properties makes them difficult to distinguish via luminescence sensing technology. Herein, this is solved by a dye-encapsulated lanthanide metal--organic framework luminescent sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glycinergic neurons regulate nociceptive and pruriceptive signaling in the spinal cord, but the identity and role of the glycineregulated neurons are not fully known. Herein, we have characterized spinal glycine receptor alpha 3 (Glra3) subunit-expressing neurons in Glra3-Cre female and male mice. Glra3-Cre(+) neurons express Glra3, are located mainly in laminae III-VI, and respond to glycine. Chemogenetic activation of spinal Glra3-Cre(+) neurons induced biting/licking, stomping, and guarding behaviors, indicative of both a nociceptive and pruriceptive role for this population. Chemogenetic inhibition did not affect mechanical or thermal responses but reduced behaviors evoked by compound 48/80 and chloroquine, revealing a pruriceptive role for these neurons. Spinal cells activated by compound 48/80 or chloroquine express Glra3, further supporting the phenotype. Retrograde tracing revealed that spinal Glra3-Cre(+) neurons receive input from afferents associated with pain and itch, and dorsal root stimulation validated the monosynaptic input. In conclusion, these results show that spinal Glra3(+) neurons contribute to acute communication of compound 48/80- and chloroquine-induced itch in hairy skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This inquiry demonstrates Scotus' and Peirce's shift from representing haecceities as momentary objects in Secondness (depending heavily upon sensation), to the recognition that haecceities force their way into the awareness as mental objects. As such, both conclude that mental objects to be haecceities. Nonetheless, it is Peirce who more clearly determines that haecceities materialize as apparitions (cognitions) – incorporating physically absent places, objects, and moments. Peirce's continuum, and his commitment to realism are responsible for considering apparitions to be haecceities. Both Peirce and Scotus contend that although haecceities are individual, they, nevertheless should be folded into the continuum. In line with the Scholastic record, Peirce defines haecceity as "thisness," which encompasses the riveting effect of Objects (including places) – proximate to observers (inward and outward) space and/or time. Haecceities allow for intrusion of present objects and places upon interpreters' consciousness – noticing properties of objects with some degree of awareness. This beckoning effect of objects in single, intense experiences accounts for selection of certain objects over others in the attentional stream. As such, context illuminates the core meaning within the sign (synchronic, diachronic) – demonstrating the need for Peirce's continuum. But, Peirce's continuum does not stop at present objects (mental, physical); it proposes the need for "concretion," rather than Scotus' adherence to "contraction." In other words, the "all cannot be in the one" (as Scotus claims) if possible objects are not incorporated into the continuum. In short, Peirce's "concretion" supplies a fuller account of object meaning, given that it integrates future objects and future meanings (would-bes). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Do the 3.5 million US veterans, who primarily utilize private healthcare, have similar bum pit exposure and disease compared to the VA Bum Pit registry? Methods: This is an online volunteer survey of Gulf War and Post-9/11 veterans. Results: Bum pit exposure had significantly higher odds of extremity numbness, aching pain and burning, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease, constrictive bronchiolitis, pleuritis, and pulmonary fibrosis. Chi-square did not reveal a difference in bum pit exposure and cancer diagnoses. Conclusions: These data demonstrate increased risk of neurological symptoms associated with bum pit exposure, which are not covered in the 2022 federal Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act. Additional data will allow for the continued review and consideration for future medical benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a current measurement error compensation method for single current sensor SPMSM drives under low-frequency modulation index operation. When using a single current sensor, two phase currents are sampled and the other phase current is calculated. Since the sampling instants of two-phase currents are separate, the sampled currents cannot represent the motor current at the same instants. Due to this current measurement error, the motor control performance can be degraded. This paper analyzes the impact of the current measurement error and proposes a current measurement error compensation method. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the proposed compensation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study evaluated interoceptive sensibility, intuitive and disordered eating among bariatric candidates, operated individuals and individuals with obesity seeking non‐surgical treatment. Method: We recruited 57 individuals with obesity seeking nonsurgical weight‐loss (IOB), 84 bariatric candidates (Pre) and 22 individuals post‐bariatric surgery (Post) who responded to questionnaires: Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Intuitive Eating Scale‐2 (IES‐2), Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, Binge Eating Scale, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck's Depression Inventory. Results: Overall, the Post group manifested higher scores on 'Body‐Listening' (F = 4.95, p = 0.01), 'Emotional Awareness' (F = 8.83, p < 0.001) and 'Trusting' (F = 6.71, p = 0.002) interoceptive dimensions, on the IES‐2 total score (F = 5.48, p = 0.007) and 'Reliance on hunger and satiety cues' (F = 31.3, p < 0.001) when age was controlled. The IOB group presented higher scores on emotional (F = 3.23, p = 0.047) and binge eating (F = 5.99, p = 0.004). Among operated individuals, intuitive eating mediated the relationship between interoceptive sensibility dimensions and binge eating: 'Attention regulation' (54%) 'Self‐regulation' (75.1%), 'Body listening' (94.09%) and 'Trusting' (84.9%). Conclusions: Our results suggest the therapeutic potential of interoceptive sensibility and intuitive eating in obesity management in/beyond the bariatric context. Highlights: Few studies address interoceptive sensibility, disordered and intuitive eating in relation to obesity management in and beyond the bariatric context.The present study assessed and demonstrated group differences and interrelations between interoceptive sensibility dimensions, disordered and intuitive eating among bariatric candidates, operated individuals and individuals with obesity seeking nonsurgical weight loss.Interoceptive sensibility and intuitive eating appear to be promising psychotherapeutic targets in disordered eating and weight management in obesity and obesity surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spectroscopy is a powerful tool to identify the specific fingerprints of analytes in a label-free way. However, conventional sensing methods face unavoidable barriers in analyzing trace-amount target molecules due to the difficulties of enhancing the broadband molecular absorption. Here, we propose a sensing scheme to achieve strong fingerprint absorption based on the angular-scanning strategy on an all-silicon metasurface. By integrating the mid-infrared and terahertz sensing units into a single metasurface, the sensor can efficiently identify 2,4-DNT with high sensitivity. The results reveal that the fingerprint peak in the enhanced fingerprint spectrum is formed by the linked envelope. It exhibits a significant enhancement factor exceeding 64-fold in the terahertz region and more than 55-fold in the mid-infrared region. Particularly, the corresponding identification limit of 2,4-DNT is 1.32 µg cm−2, respectively. Our study will provide a novel research idea in identifying trace-amount explosives and advance practical applications of absorption spectroscopy enhancement identification in civil and military security industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron, as the most prevalent critical trace element in the human body, is crucial for many basic physiological functions and has many environmental applications. Therefore, excellent chemosensors with high sensitivity and good selectivity toward iron are highly desired. Three new fluorescent colorimetric chemosensors (CS1, CS2, and CS3) were synthesized and prepared through a one-step reaction to selectively detect Fe3+ in aqueous media. To effectively coordinate metal ions, the sensors contain rhodamine derivatives with different "N, O" donor atoms. Of these sensors, CS2 and CS3 demonstrated sensing behavior and colorimetric "off–on" sensing for Fe3+ over various biologically important metal ions, rendering good selectivity. Fluorescent imaging was performed to confirm the possibility of applying the sensors in living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Sensory health declines with age but remains critical to the navigation and enjoyment of everyday life. Neighborhoods are key sites of environmental exposure, social engagement, and access to resources that can shape sensory health, yet the residential neighborhood is understudied as a determinant of sensory function. Methods We use data from Rounds 1 and 2 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project to examine how subjective and objective measures of older adults' residential areas are associated with sensory health in a series of cross-sectional and multilevel regression models. Results In cross-sectional models, higher levels of perceived neighborhood social ties are associated with significantly better self-rated vision. Older adults who reside in more densely populated tracts are more likely to have significantly worse olfactory identification, whereas residing in tracts with higher levels of concentrated disadvantage is associated with significantly lower levels of self-rated vision. In multilevel models, residing in more densely populated tracts is associated with significantly worse olfactory identification, whereas tract-level concentrated disadvantage is associated with significantly worse hearing and vision. Discussion We propose that neighborhood characteristics could influence certain environmental exposures, the amount of time that older adults spend out of the home, patterns of social engagement, and access to preventative care that collectively affect sensory health. Residential neighborhoods may be important sites of potential intervention to slow age-related sensory declines and other related conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Lucan account of Jesus' calling of the first disciples differs from the dominant and better known Marcan narrative in a number of ways. The Lucan account has been prefaced by an introduction to the person and actions of Jesus and specifically triggered by the miraculous catch of fish that Luke shares with John 21. Drawing on psychological type theory and the SIFT approach to biblical hermeneutics, this study tests the hypothesis that sensing types and intuitive types will see different things in this passage. The theory was tested by inviting a group of 19 clergy and lay members of ministry teams to work in type-alike groups. The data are consistent with the theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multifunctional sensors have played a crucial role in constructing high-integration electronic networks. Most of the current multifunctional sensors rely on multiple materials to simultaneously detect different physical stimuli. Here, we demonstrate the large piezo-pyroelectric effect in ferroelectric Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) single crystals for simultaneous pressure and temperature sensing. The outstanding piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of PMN-PT result in rapid response speed and high sensitivity, with values of 46 ms and 28.4 nA kPa−1 for pressure sensing, and 1.98 s and 94.66 nC °C−1 for temperature detection, respectively. By leveraging the distinct differences in the response speed of piezoelectric and pyroelectric responses, the piezo-pyroelectric effect of PMN-PT can effectively detect pressure and temperature from mixed-force thermal stimuli, which enables a robotic hand for stimuli classification. With appealing multifunctionality, fast speed, high sensitivity, and compact structure, the proposed self-powered bimodal sensor therefore holds significant potential for high-performance artificial perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research examining migrant homemaking is multi-disciplinary and well-developed, providing evidence that 'home' exists in multiple places. However, only a small component of this work examines the role of the senses. This paper draws on research conducted between 2015 and 2019 in Glasgow, a city in Scotland, UK, with migrant, refugee and asylum-seeking women that used photo elicitation interviews, to bridge the gap between scholarship on migrant homemaking and the senses. The paper empirically demonstrates how the senses allow migrants to cultivate the embodied experience of physically being elsewhere by drawing on sensory memories, practices, and material cultures, specifically engaging taste and smell. The paper analyses the experience of four participants who described this sensation, and addresses the impact of the security of migrant status and financial resources in sensory homemaking. The concluding discussion proposes the concept of 'sensory space-time compression' as a novel way of understanding the sensory experiences of home in the context of migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the thesis that participants in shared intentional activities have first-person plural 'practical knowledge' of what they are jointly doing, in the sense of 'practical knowledge' articulated by G.E.M Anscombe. Who is supposed to be the subject of such knowledge? The group, or members of the group, or both? It is argued that progress with this issue requires conceiving of collective activities (of the kind affording 'plural practical knowledge')as instances, not of supra-personal agency, but of interpersonal agency; specifically: as involving communication. There is a sense, it is suggested, in which the basic form of plural practical knowledge is relational: 'I am doing x with you.' [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Chalcogen bonding-driven interaction of 1,2,5-chalcogena- diazoles with charged and neutral Lewis bases is discussed. It is highlighted that this interaction is a promising method for optically-detected recognition and sensing of the bases, and, at one, for the formation of otherwise challenging chemical bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the sensory processing abilities of adults with acquired hearing loss and determine whether their sensory processing patterns differ from those of the general population and adults with normal hearing. Method: The study evaluated the sensory processing functions of 30 adults with acquired hearing loss using the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile and compared them with the sensory processing functions of 30 adults with normal hearing. Results: The results showed that individuals with hearing loss have a significantly higher sensitivity to stimuli related to motion, vision, activity and touch, exhibiting a low-registration sensory pattern and a sensation-avoiding pattern that differed from those of most individuals. Conclusion: Assessing sensory processing profiles can help identify specific sensory difficulties and inform individualised treatment plans. The study highlights the importance of considering sensory processing patterns in the management of hearing loss to improve overall well-being and quality of life for adults with hearing loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construct of belonging has played a central role in psychological theories for many years, prompting research that benefits many people. However, there is little consensus for how to measure sense of belonging. We developed an 8-item measure of belonging that is easily adapted to specific contexts. The items capture a sense of being valued, accepted, included/connected, and fitting into a social environment. Study 1 examined candidate items and facilitated item selection. Study 2 demonstrated internal consistency and convergent validity of the scale. Loneliness and belonging were inversely correlated but each made independent contributions predicting general measures of well-being. Together, they fully mediated the effect of positive social contact on three of the four well-being measures. Study 3 experimentally demonstrated the differential sensitivity of specific (belonging at your university) and global (belonging in general) forms of the scale. Participants who wrote about an experience of inclusion relevant to a specific context reported more belonging than participants who wrote about an exclusion experience, but only on the specific, and not global, scale. The measure of belonging reported here is validated in adult samples; it is a flexible tool for research on the sense of belonging, its antecedents, and consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rydberg atom-based electric field sensing can provide all-optical readout of radio frequency (RF) fields in a dielectric environment. However, because a single set of optical fields is typically used to prepare the Rydberg state and readout its response to RF fields, it is challenging to perform simultaneous and independent measurements of the RF field(s). Here, we show that using two independent schemes to prepare and readout the same Rydberg state can be used to perform independent measurements in general, which we demonstrate specifically by resolving the RF polarization. We expect this work will be useful for fiber-coupled sensor heads where spatial multiplexing is challenging as well as for complex multi-level sensing schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]