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Despite extensive developments in the field of Human Resource Management, we still have limited and fragmented knowledge of how the external and internal environment of an organization influences direct employee voice. In this conceptual paper, we draw on signaling theory and theorize on whether and, if so, how direct employee voice and organizational voice climate are shaped at times of macro and organizational turbulence. Specifically, we introduce the concepts of solidary, utilitarian, and opportunistic crisis‐related Human Resource (HR) practices and propose that they send different signals to employees, influencing their voice perceptions in distinctive ways. We also theorize that employees interpret these signals vis‐à‐vis the experienced meso‐ and macroturbulence, a process that affects HR system strength and the subsequent formulation of voice perceptions and voice climate emergence. With this work, we contribute to the voice and strategic HR literature by offering an integrated and multilayered understanding of how top‐down processes at turbulent times such as crisis‐related HR practices can influence bottom‐up emergent phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women are more likely than men to be targets of incivility in the workplace. Scholars have referred to this pattern as selective incivility and suggest that incivility directed toward women—that is, selective incivility—is a form of modern sexism in the workplace. However, it remains unclear whether women themselves make sense of incivility from men as a form of gender bias, and when such perceptions shape whether women engage in unique responses to incivility perceived as selective. Drawing on social identity theory, we develop a conceptual model to better understand these relationships. Across two studies with working women, we show that women perceive male‐instigated incivility as selective. Further, our findings show that women are more likely to engage in problem‐focused‐responses (i.e., direct confrontation and formal reporting), rather than emotion‐focused responses (i.e., avoidance) in response to incivility perceived as selective and that these coping responses are, at times, moderated by the frequency of incivility. Overall, our research advances the literature on incivility, selective incivility, and gender bias at work, offers practical implications for managers seeking to foster workplace inclusion, and suggests novel directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the author's excitement and readiness to become the editor in chief of the Academy of Management Learning & Education (AMLE). The author emphasizes the importance of theoretical innovations in the field of management learning and education (MLE) and explores the potential for a "big picture" social science lens in MLE research. The article also highlights operational issues of interest to authors, reviewers, and readers of AMLE. The new editorial team is introduced, featuring diverse and competent editors from around the world. The article concludes by inviting readers to be part of the journey and expressing gratitude to colleagues for their support. [Extracted from the article]

As organizations strive for more flexibility, decentralized decision‐making has been at the core of many modern HR approaches. Yet, on a company‐wide scale, it remains unclear whether decentralized decision‐making structures improve organizational performance. Our study aims to illuminate prior ambiguous evidence by examining an employee‐level mechanism underlying the organizational‐level relationship between decentralization and performance, and scrutinizing the critical role of formal leaders for empowering employees in decentralized structures. Integrating the perspective of organizational structure as opportunities and constraints with social information processing theory, we argue that transferring decision‐making authority to lower organizational levels positively affects employees' emergent leadership, but only to the extent that direct supervisors engage in empowering leadership and guide employees' behaviors in decentralized structures. Our predictions are supported by a multilevel, multisource field study of 5807 individuals across 144 companies. We further find that emergent leadership yields a positive effect on organizational performance. By developing a multilevel model that explicates both an employee‐level mechanism and a contingency of the decentralization–organizational performance link, our study enriches understanding of the key role that formal leaders play for achieving the strategic goals of decentralized decision‐making in organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article responds to a comment on a previous article that argued critics of capitalism often confuse it with cronyism. The response addresses the assumptions made in the comment and highlights the complexities of government policy reflecting society's will. It also discusses the relationship between cronyism and capitalism, emphasizing that cronyism depends on the state's level of involvement in the economy. The article concludes by acknowledging the different perspectives on capitalism and cronyism and the need for further research on these topics. The text also discusses the potential for cronyism in government institutions and the relationship between cronyism and capitalism. It argues that firms' dependence on government increases the potential for cronyism, and that special interests often shape public policy to their own preferences. The text also addresses the assumption that government policy reflects society's will and explores the distinctions between cronyism and capitalism. It concludes by discussing the size and scope of the state and the challenges of government intervention in the private sector. Overall, the text highlights the need for further research on the antecedents of government policy and the potential consequences of government intervention. The text also discusses the topic of cronyism and its impact on government policy and effectiveness. It suggests methods such as citizen assemblies and shareholder resolutions to address cronyism and emphasizes the importance of understanding managers' value systems and their influence on decision-making. The text calls for more research on government effectiveness and the role of institutions in shaping public policy. It concludes by stating that management research on cr [Extracted from the article]

Drawing on social resources theory, we examine the impact of developmental job experience (DJE) on employees' job performance and the role of the team context in this relationship. In a multisource, multiwave dataset of 354 employees working on 40 teams in seven Chinese companies, we find that DJE has a positive indirect relationship with job performance through increasing employees' information and support seeking. This positive indirect relationship is stronger for employees on teams with a high average DJE and low variance in DJE; it is significantly weaker for employees on teams with a low average DJE and a high variance in DJE. These results reveal that the work and team contexts play important roles in the relationship between DJE and employees' work outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On crowdfunding platforms, the success of campaigns relies on the ability of projects to attract backers. While backers' motivations have been examined, the dynamics existing among the distinct profiles of backers remain underexplored. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this research offers a typology of backers' profiles and shows how these profiles contribute to the success of a crowdfunding campaign. Informed by the sociological theory of cooperation, these results explain how backers with different profiles influence each other's decisions to support crowdfunding campaigns. We provide guidelines to project leaders and platforms to attract backers with the best profiles at the best moment to optimise the campaign's success strategy. We also help crowdfunding platform managers build their crowd of backers and optimise their number of funded projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers a reconceptualization of class-in-capitalism and its articulation with racialization and gender that builds on critical strands of Marxian thought and integrates insights from Black radical and feminist socialist traditions. Rather than a transhistorical materialist conception of class simpliciter, we develop a historically-specific conception of class embedded within an analysis of capitalist social relations. The result is an account of class based not on the appropriation of a “material surplus,” but on asymmetrical social relations in the division of labor and disposition of its fruits. Developing this conception along three key axes of asymmetries—property, production, and personhood—we show how the dynamics propelled by capitalist social relations are co-constitutive with those of racialization, while both the privatization of reproduction and gender-based super-exploitation are systemic features of these dynamics. We emphasize law’s role in the history of these relations, and end with implications of our analysis for their transformation.

ABSTRACT Contemporary ontological constructivism often rests on the belief that social reality emerges from tacit agreements, underpinning mutual expectations and trust. In social theory, the concept of agreement has evolved from explicit social contracts to normative consensus and the idea of tacit knowledge that subtly binds social actors. This article challenges this prevailing approach by dissecting various constructivist positions and exposing the implications of agreement‐based ontological constructivism on our understanding of culture, norms, and society. The author revisits an alternative perspective, claiming that human society is equally a structure of disagreement. Emphasizing disagreement advocates for a realistic social theory and highlights the vital role of fiction in shaping social life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the attitudes and self-efficacy of university art education teachers in Wuxi, China, toward Artificial Intelligence (AI). Using Social Cognitive Theory and Diffusion of Innovations Theory, 384 valid questionnaires were collected. The results show that teachers generally lack confidence in AI, with only the “ease of use” dimension receiving positive feedback among five dimensions: relative advantage, compatibility, ease of use, trialability, and observability. Differences in attitudes and self-efficacy were found, with single teachers, associate professors, and digital art instructors exhibiting more positive attitudes and higher confidence. A significant positive correlation was found between teachers' attitudes toward AI and their self-efficacy in applying it in classrooms. The study proposes strategies to foster more positive perspectives and self-efficacy regarding AI for art educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article delves into the relationship between stigma and Rawlsian liberalism, examining how stigma can impact self-respect. It introduces two strategies within Rawlsian liberalism to combat stigma: the Self-Respect Strategy and the Hierarchy Strategy. The article suggests a new approach that combines both strategies to address urgent cases of stigma, particularly those affecting marginalized groups. This compilation of philosophical articles and studies explores various concepts like shame, equality, and discrimination from diverse perspectives, offering insights into moral philosophy and social norms. [Extracted from the article]

The article examines the democratic legitimacy of randomly selecting legislators through minipublics, discussing arguments for and against this concept. Eric Shoemaker defends the use of empowered minipublics as a "micro-deliberative shortcut," countering criticisms from Cristina Lafont. Lafont's participatory democracy emphasizes public deliberation and participation, challenging the legitimacy of second-best alternatives like empowered minipublics. The text delves into the complexities of democratic theory and political philosophy surrounding the use of empowered minipublics in decision-making processes, highlighting the challenges in aligning public opinion with decision-making processes. [Extracted from the article]

The article explores the concept of "We-Mode" as a form of layered agency, where individuals can act and reason based on joint commitments with others. Examples such as a poetry group and a philosophy department are used to illustrate how joint commitments can lead to group attitudes without the need for a plural subject. The text references various authors and works on shared intention, group beliefs, and collective intentionality, offering a comprehensive overview of philosophical perspectives on social ontology and collective behavior. [Extracted from the article]

Background: The implementation of the maternal perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) policy is among the envisaged strategies to reduce the high global burden of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. However, implementation of this policy across various contexts is inconsistent. Theoretically informed approaches to process evaluation can support assessment the implementation of policy interventions such as MPDSR, particularly in understanding what the actors involved actually do. In this article, we reflect on how the normalisation process theory (NPT) was used to explore implementation of the MPDSR policy in Uganda. NPT is a sociological theory concerned with the social organisation of the work (implementation) of making practices routine elements of everyday life (embedding) and of sustaining embedded practices in their social contexts (integration). Methods: This qualitative multiple case study conducted across eight districts in Uganda and among 10 health facilities (cases) representing four out of the seven levels of the Uganda health care system. NPT was utilised in several ways including informing the study design, structuring the data collection tools (semi-structured interview guides), providing an organising framework for analysis, interpreting and reporting of study findings as well as making recommendations. Study participants were purposely selected to reflect the range of actors involved in the policy implementation process. This included direct care providers located at each of the cases, the Ministry of Health and from agencies and professional associations. Data were collected using semi-structured, in-depth interviews and were inductively and deductively analysed using NPT constructs and subconstructs. Results and conclusion: NPT served useful for process evaluation, particularly in identifying factors that contribute to variations in policy implementation. Considering the NPT focus on the agency of people involved in implementation, additional efforts are required to understand how recipients of the policy intervention influence how the intervention becomes embedded within the various contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Silent Dogwhistles" by Anna Klieber delves into the concept of using silence as a manipulative tool in political communication, known as silent dogwhistles. The article provides real-life examples, like Donald Trump's silence during the Capitol riot and Justin Trudeau's response to Black Lives Matter protesters, to illustrate how silence can convey messages to specific audiences. Klieber's analysis underscores the complexity and deniability of employing silence as a strategic communication tactic in political discourse, shedding light on the power of unspoken messages in shaping public perception. [Extracted from the article]

The article delves into the difficulties encountered by LGBTQ+ asylum seekers within the refugee status determination (RSD) system, emphasizing the challenges of gaining trust and facing discrimination. It discusses the concept of trust in the RSD system and how societal attitudes and stereotypes hinder LGBTQ+ individuals from accessing protection. The text also touches on the issue of institutional bleeding, where personal biases of RSD officers impact the fairness of the determination process, particularly for LGBTQ+ claimants. Recommendations are made to mitigate institutional bleeding and enhance trust within the RSD system, including implementing SOGI guidelines, offering cultural sensitivity training, and empowering claimants in the process. [Extracted from the article]

The article delves into Yvonne Vera's novel "Butterfly Burning" from a postcolonial feminist perspective, examining themes of patriarchal oppression and female subjectivity. It explores how the protagonist, Phephelaphi, challenges societal expectations and seeks autonomy beyond traditional gender roles. Through nuanced storytelling and complex characters, Vera offers a fresh perspective on African women's experiences and voices, challenging conventional narratives of women's roles in society and the impact of colonial and patriarchal structures on their agency. [Extracted from the article]

Ferdinand Tönnies' main legacy in social theory, the community-society dichotomy developed in his work Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (Community and Society, GuG) of 1887, showed its potential for grasping but also for creating social reality during the First World War (WWI), a conflagration welcomed by some of the most prominent intellectuals throughout Europe. One the most important terms for mobilising support for the war effort in Germany was Gemeinschaft (community), which Tönnies had opposed to (capitalist, modern, western) Gesellschaft (society). Many German intellectuals came to defend the now notorious "ideas of 1914", inter alia Volksgemeinschaft (folk community), the toxic potential of which was most clearly revealed later under National Socialism. This served to relativise the ideas of 1789 – liberty, equality, and fraternity. The folk community was evoked together with a national truce between the social classes over the distribution of material and symbolic capital, known as the Burgfrieden, literally, the peace of the citadel, mirroring the Union Sacrée (Sacred Union) called forth by President Raymond Poincaré in France in 1914. Volksgemeinschaft figured in much of the polemics of Germany's intellectual class throughout the war. Tönnies' dichotomy and his variations on the theme formed one of the most significant conceptual inventions to be mobilised in wartime public opinion, for instance when Thomas Mann asserted a fundamental difference between western European Zivilisation and German Kultur – a dichotomy already found in Tönnies' work of 1887 – in Mann's Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen (Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man), written between 1915 and 1918. While Tönnies did not claim Germany had a monopoly over culture, he had suggested in 1887 that the United States lacked national character, ushering in the notion that the degree of community depended on nationhood. Defining features of community – the sense of common appurtenance or the devotion of the individual to the Whole – characterised early German as opposed to Durkheimian social theory, which was more concerned with the division of functions and exchanges, as can be seen in the work of leading members of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Soziologie (German Sociological Association, DGS). While Tönnies' GuG offered incisive concepts for social critique, his positions on WWI, like those of other early 20th century social theorists, raise the question of how such a perspicacious intelligentsia could have been won over by causes now viewed as calamitous, at a time when Europe's belligerent nations' intellectual elite were accusing one another of myopia and intellectual dishonesty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Special Issue examines the ways in which emerging or established social theorists from Continental Europe and the United States were personally and politically involved in and affected by the First the First World War (WWI), and considers how the war shaped their sociological theories. WWI was a pivotal moment that transformed global and historical systems in ways that challenged conventional social scientific assumptions about the supposed shift from "traditional" to "modern" societies and compelled sociologists to reconsider the impact of industry and military affairs on everyday life. The period from 1914 to 1918 has typically been ignored or bracketed by later scholars as a largely inconsequential gap in an otherwise uninterrupted flow of intellectual production. By considering not only individual theorists and their social networks but also the transformation of the discipline as a whole, the contributors to this Special Issue offer a systematic assessment of the relevance of this formative period in the development of sociological theory and of the impact of war in shaping the modern world. The Editors' Introduction highlights how the scale and intensity of the total war that engaged the countries of Europe and North America in 1914 came as a shock to most intellectuals, even though nationalistic wars had become familiar to them from the precious century. The central role of nation-states in carrying out what was at the time was called the European War, and later came to be known as the First World War, made it impossible for social scientists and other intellectuals in the belligerent countries to remain neutral. Even those who were not directly active in or publicly vocal about the war felt compelled to take a stand, and many reached their highest level of public visibility and political influence during the WWI era, often beyond the reputation they achieved before or after. The complex problems emerging within the nation-state system that the war had exposed renewed their sense of professional duty and patriotic loyalty while focussing their attention on questions concerning the geopolitics of international warfare and peace; the role of the modern state and its bureaucratic institutions; the nature of civil society and ethnic communities; the forces of political economy and cultural mobilization; and the emancipatory potential of colonial capitalism and racialized imperialism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alfred Schütz, who joined the Austrian army at 17 years old as a lieutenant in 1917, faced traumatic experiences during the First World War that deeply influenced his later intellectual pursuits. This article examines how Schütz's wartime and postwar experiences shaped his intellectual and political contribution to sociology. The trauma Schütz faced during and after the war profoundly influenced his views on the ethical competence and integrative capacities of common sense, particularly in his applied theory essays of the 1940s. Highlighting the modern crisis of alienation, Schütz's works such as "The Stranger" and "The Homecomer" reflect his commitment to understanding and overcoming the estrangement and confusion that arise from social and spatial displacement and the ideology of irreconcilable alienness. Rather than treat what is missing from the biographical archive as an irretrievable loss or absence, the article reads parts of Schütz's later writings for traces they bear of his unrepresented wartime and postwar experiences, and argues that his applied theory essays partly serve as a delayed response to his youthful traumas. Ultimately, Schütz's insights into foreignness offer profound reflections on the interplay between historical events, personal experiences, and social theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building and expanding on significant pre-existing scholarship, this article surveys Georg Simmel's public reactions to the war, concentrating on his most widely circulated statements of the period, before moving on to some further considerations on the significance of the war for Simmel's sociological and philosophical vision as a whole. At the forefront are three or four main emphases of Simmel's thinking in the relevant texts. These include the politics of Europe and the nation in Simmel's thought; themes of death and finitude in modern culture; the West and Western hubris on the stage of world history; and money, law and violence in international affairs at the outset of the 20th century. Though there can be little doubt of the sheer virulence of Simmel's and other German writers' reaction to the outbreak of hostilities in 1914, the war's profoundly transformative experience could move Simmel gradually to embrace another, more reasoned and self-reflective form of salient struggle with 'the West' and Western 'civilization' in European relations, disabused of nationalistic anguish and resentment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this article is to motivate the idea of a social reason and demonstrate its usefulness in social theorizing. For example, in a society that values getting married young, the fact that one is young is a reason to get married. In racist and sexist societies, we have social reasons to be racist and sexist. Social reasons give rise to social requirements and obligations, where these requirements often conflict with prudential and moral requirements. My application of reasons to social philosophy parallels Charles Mills' and Carole Pateman's applications of social contract theory to political philosophy. While they use social contract theory to make sense of patriarchy and white supremacy, I use the theory of normative reasons to make sense of social injustice. The theory of normative reasons meets non‐ideal theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to explore pharmaceuticalisation processes in professional work contexts. The approach focuses on identifying patterns of medicine and dietary supplement use for managing work performance, and on discussing the relationship between these consumption practices and work-related pressure factors. This analysis adapts the notions of 'normalisation' to understand the extent of cultural acceptability of these practices, and the notion of 'differentiated normalisation' to capture the tension between the trend towards normalisation of such consumption and its partial social (in)visibility within work settings. Empirical support for this analysis is based on a sociological study conducted in Portugal on professions under high performance pressures. The study involved three professional groups – nurses, journalists and police officers. A mixed methods approach was used, including focus groups, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Overall, the results show a trend towards the use of medicines and supplements for performance management, which reveals itself as a cultural response to work-related social pressures. Such consumption coexists with irregular patterns of either occasional or long-term use, as well as heterogeneous processes of 'normalisation' and 'hidden' consumption. Conclusions point to a social interconnection between the intensification of work pressures and the pharmaceuticalisation of work performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global drug policy is in a period of change. Human rights can play an important role in such change, but more work is needed to understand the how rights work and why they might come to matter. Drawing on insights from a major study on drug policy and human rights, I argue that important new dynamics in respect of how drugs are thought to relate to health are emerging, including a conceptualisation of some drugs as capable of generating or improving health, rather than undermining it. Drugs are in some cases coming to be understood not as the origin of social problems but as the solution for them. I introduce the concept of 'solutionisation' as a tool for understanding the mechanisms by which human rights shapes ontologies, positioning 'solutionisation' as corollary and counterpart to Carol Bacchi's work on policy 'problematisation' (Bacchi [2009]. Analysing Policy: What is the Problem Represented To Be? Pearson). I argue that both 'problematisation' and 'solutionisation' have value for sociological analyses of human rights and that we need to pay careful attention to the co-constitutive dimensions of drugs and human rights, to understand how norms about health, self and subjects are made, sustained, and brought under pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, we introduce recent debates on both concepts of organization and organization's future. Since Max Weber's ideas gained acceptance, there has been a strong link between social theory (rationalized modernity) and a concept of organization (bureaucracy) in organization theory as well as organizational sociology. Today, organizational scholarship challenges, but at the same time defends, this classical link. We argue that both positions can be substantiated empirically. This situation motivates a debate on updating and revitalizing the link between organizational concepts and social theories that we aim to put forward with this special issue of Critical Sociology. We discuss the assembled contributions in relation to this fundamental conceptual debate of organization research and conclude that the richness of social theories can still serve as an inspiration to explain recent organizational phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current discussions surrounding organizational sociology theories indicate a state of stagnation. This paper aims to invigorate theoretical innovation by drawing on contemporary social theories, particularly employing a critical realist perspective. Focused on addressing the theoretical convergence between organizational and collective action sociologies, as identified by Friedberg, the paper reinterprets his concept of organized collective action through the critical realist collective subjectivities theory, as proposed by Vandenberghe. The objective is to generate an original Critical Realist Model for Organizational Sociology. This initiative stems from critical realism's critique of flat ontologies and epistemologies that tend to conflate different objects of reality. The proposed model takes the form of a trialectic generative sequence, highlighting driven objects configured in a specific ontological situation as the necessary, but not sufficient, condition for the emergence of organizations. This sequence includes (a) time-space co-presence and the embodiment process; (b) symbolic community sharing and the identification process; and (c) power dynamics and the processes of representation, delegation, and subordination. This model positions collective organized action as a fundamental intermediary concept for understanding organizations and collective action within a realistic social theory. It indirectly contributes to addressing the broader debate on agency and structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the multilingual language context of deaf children's lives provides an essential knowledge base from which to develop the early support of children and families. Current models of early support tend to draw on Euro-Western understandings of the multilingual lives of families of deaf children and assume an established infrastructure around language and communication intervention. This paper examines the multilingual contexts of deaf children in Ghana; a low-resourced country in sub-Saharan Africa where the use of multiple local languages is a part of the eco-cultural context for early development, but where the early support of deaf children is under-resourced, and there is limited understanding of childhood deafness and the potential of sign language communication. Through interviews with caregivers of deaf children and the documentation of language biographies, we examine the proximal and distal influences on multilingual languaging and communication choices. We draw on Bourdieusian social theory to identify ways in which power and agency dynamically shape multilingual communication possibilities for deaf children and their caregivers, specifically in relation to the legitimised use of sign language among other local languaging practices. Implications for the development of context-sensitive models of early support for multilingual deaf children and their families are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical physiotherapy has been a rapidly expanding field over the last decade and could now justifiably be called a professional sub-discipline. In this paper we define three different but somewhat interconnected critical positions that have emerged over the last decade that share a critique of physiotherapy's historical approach to health and illness, while also diverging in the possibilities for new forms of practice and thinking. These three positions broadly align with three distinctive philosophies: approaches that emphasize lived experience, social theory, and a range of philosophies increasingly referred to as the "posts". In this paper we discuss the origins of these approaches, exploring the ways they critique contemporary physiotherapy thinking and practice. We offer an overview of the key principles of each approach and, for each in turn, suggest readings from key authors. We conclude each section by discussing the limits of these various approaches, but also indicate ways in which they might inform future thinking and practice. We end the paper by arguing that the various approaches that now fall under the rubric of critical physiotherapy represent some of the most exciting and opportune ways we might (re)think the future for the physiotherapy profession and the physical therapies more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This interdisciplinary study applies Erving Goffman's sociological theory of the total institution and the psychological framework of institutional betrayal to better understand how ongoing gendered and racialized power structures are maintained in Canadian policing. An intersectional analysis of 116 in-depth interviews with police officers from 31 police services and an on-line, national survey (N = 727) reveal that steep institutional requirements of assimilation and conformity, combined with various, commonly reported mechanisms of institutional betrayal effectively silenced, discredited, and/or minimized reports of sexual and gender and/or race-based workplace abuse. This led to significantly negative impacts on racialized women, men, and white women's mental health, retention rates, and willingness to report workplace abuse. Overall, this study found the ongoing presence of systemic racism and sexism within police services across Canada, institutional knowledge of their existence, coordinated efforts to contain complaints, and ongoing resistance to meaningful change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problematic integration theory is a theory in communication that deals with the processing of messages by humans. It is helpful to study challenges and their solutions in the health communication context to develop effective relationships, treat patients, and, ultimately, ensure the well-being of society. A scoping review was conducted. Three databases were searched following the PRISMA‐ScR statement without a time frame. Independent screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts was performed, and the studies selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria were assessed. The required information was then extracted from the studies and entered into Excel software. A total of 43 studies related to PI theory were identified in the databases. The results indicated that PI theory is used to interpret feelings, beliefs, challenges, concerns, and problematic dilemmas in five thematic categories: elderly care, cancer care, infertility, pregnancy, and childbirth care, illness care, and sexual care. Each of the papers also offers distinctive and valuable considerations for interventions such as communication strategies, coping mechanisms, uncertainty and certainty management, information management, education, training, support groups, and campaigns to improve decision-making and meet the challenges of health communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document "Radicalization in the Asia-Pacific Region: Themes and Concepts" is a special issue that aims to enhance understanding of radicalization in the Asia-Pacific region. It includes various research papers that explore the diverse socio-economic, political, ideological, technological, and cultural systems influencing radicalization. The papers discuss topics such as the 3 N Model of radicalization, the role of masculinities in recruitment and disengagement from militant groups, and the impact of martialization on individuals' values. Additionally, the document delves into specific case studies from Indonesia, examining the promotion of moderate Islam, relationships between existential anxiety and support for violent extremism, and the role of group identification in religious collective action. The papers highlight the need for context-focused research, interdisciplinary dialogue, and culturally specific perspectives to address the complexities of radicalization in the region. [Extracted from the article]

COVID-19 outbreak produced an unprecedented crisis in care sectors. Nursing home workers, healthcare, social care, and clinical social workers (HSCW) often took the burden of managing the crisis in their facilities, risking increased stress, trauma, and burnout. As a response to this issue, increased interest in self-care in health and social work literature could be observed. Yet, the concept of self-care is problematic, as it focuses attention on the individual responsibility to care for oneself, regardless of organisational and structural factors and obstacles. The article provides a critical literature review, focused on risk factors and psychological consequences of the pandemic in health and social care and clinical social work, and on the proposed response, namely, self-care. The aim of the article is to systematise knowledge about approaches to self-care in these sectors and to critically review those approaches. Critiques of self-care are considered, including those informed by Foucauldian perspective of governmentality and responsibilization. The concept of community care is introduced as an implication and an answer to these critiques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the sufficiency theory of justice in health, justice requires that people have equal access to adequate health. In this article, I lay out the structure of this view and I assess its distributive implications for setting priority (i) between health needs across persons and (ii) between health care spending and other societal goods. I argue, first, that according to the sufficiency theory, deficiency in health cannot be completely offset by providing other societal goods. And, second, that it can prevent the medicalization of societies by stressing that improvements beyond the level of adequate health have relatively little weight, if any, from the standpoint of justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immortality constitutes a very human desire and its pursuit arguably shapes prominent features of human societies. In the twenty-first century, capitalism develops technologies that promise immortality as indefinite survival. Scholars who study immortality often showcase the links between technology, social structures and immortality projects, but a critical inquiry is needed to examine how (techno-)capitalism creates immortality projects that expand the frontiers of capital in contemporary societies. In this article, I highlight how techno-capitalism configures three prominent immortality imaginaries: transhumanist digital immortality, radical biological life-extension, and cryonics. I identify three tendencies of techno-capitalism − 1) expanding commodification to new realms of life, 2) creating new forms of alienation and 3) subordinating life to the private accumulation of capital – and explain how they shape the immortality imaginaries. I argue that pursuing techno-capitalist immortality would induce significant harms for human beings, promising freedom from death but actually sustaining techno-capitalism's exploitative relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While capitalism continues to be regarded as the dominant socioeconomic system globally, some observers have sought to show that recent economic and technological developments could pave the way for something new and potentially more destructive than capitalism itself. In this special issue, the persistence of capitalism is highlighted. It is treated as a dynamic system, capable of adapting to the different challenges thrown at it, be they economic, political, cultural, or technological. The different contributions take stock of capitalism's latest evolutionary tendencies and offer analyses which reflect two themes central to capitalism's theorization: its characterization and critique. In this introduction I preview each article in the light of those themes and identify the two overarching contributions this special issue makes to the theorization of contemporary capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Up to date, the systemic mechanisms that explain the intergenerational transmission of familial dysfunction remain theoretically and empirically unclear. Hence, this study examines the intergenerational transmission of relational and intrapersonal dysfunction and their collective effect on the psychological adjustment of third-generation children through the lens of Bowen family systems theory. Lithuanian parents (N = 348; M age = 40.66; range 26–59) of children aged six to ten years cross-sectionally reported on their differentiation of self (DoS), emotional and relational dynamics within their family-of-origin and nuclear family, and the psychological adjustment of their child of greatest concern. Structural equation modeling and mediation analyses findings offered empirical support to Bowen theory, highlighting that family-of-origin dysfunction is associated with nuclear family intrapersonal and relational dysfunction, and ultimately with third-generation's psychological maladjustment. Results demonstrated that a poor family-of-origin emotional system appears to contribute, via triangulation processes, to reduced DoS in adult children. The reduced DoS appears to perpetuate intergenerational triangulation, and to negatively impact couple relationship and co-parenting functioning within the nuclear family. In contrast to triangulation, couple dysfunction was found to predict poorer psychological adjustment in third-generation offspring. This study advances family systems theory by (i) examining the prominent role of triangulation and DoS within the intergenerational transmission process, (ii) highlighting the potential differential impact of a negative nuclear family emotional system on children through triangulation, and (iii) clarifying the potential role of spousal relationship satisfaction and co-parenting in mediating the relationship between parental DoS and offspring's psychological adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The revision of the constitution in 1848 ended the constitutional role of the nobility. Their national political power declined from the end of the 19th century in line with the modernisation theory. Data collected on all burgomasters for 1910, 1920, 1930, and 1940 confirm this trend at the local level: the percentage of municipalities with a noble burgomaster declined as well. Following Lammers' sociological theory on occupation regimes, Dutch nobility could make use of the opportunities during the Nazi-German occupation to maintain or regain their power by taking up burgomasters' positions. To avoid dismissal, the pre-war appointed burgomasters had to accept and implement measures imposed by the occupying forces. Our research shows that noble burgomasters were just as often dismissed as non-noble burgomasters. Also, noble burgomasters resigned as frequently as non-noble burgomasters in protest against the Nazi-German policies. Vacant burgomasters' posts offered openings to obtain local power. Only eight of the about 550 newly appointed burgomasters during the occupation were a member of the nobility. Seven of them were a member of the National Socialist Movement (NSB) compared to about 337 newly appointed non-noble burgomasters. It looks like the German occupier failed in attracting the nobility to cooperate as burgomasters while the nobility wasn't very keen in taking up these positions. Why weren't there more noble burgomasters in power during the occupation years? Following Dronkers' theory that during upheaval being of noble origin loses its significance, members of the nobility had to compete with pro-German NSB-members during the occupation years. Supporting Dronkers' finding that the nobility used university education to regain power, the share of university graduates was twice as high among noble burgomasters in 1940. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]