Search

Many theories of political participation imply that close elections increase voter turnout, but empirical support for this is mixed. One challenge is that close elections occur in unrepresentative places, making it difficult to extend counterfactual inferences across the wider electorate. In this note, I study closeness in an alternative way by leveraging those who move home between elections. With a large‐scale longitudinal survey in Great Britain, comparing individuals who move between safe and competitive parliamentary constituencies, I provide evidence that closeness increases campaign contact but generally fails to affect turnout. British movers are politically comparable to the wider electorate, so the results can be cautiously generalised. This contributes to substantive literature on voter and party‐led theories of participation, while adopting an empirical strategy seldom used in the study of political behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fire incidents are something that every company must be aware of, because they can cause material and non-material losses. To deal with fires, a fire prevention and control system is needed. This system emphasizes preparation to prevent fires and can handle fires. However, the existence of a fire prevention and control system does not guarantee that a fire will not occur unless the fire prevention and control system is implemented well. Fire prevention program from PT PPA is a very important program to maintain the security, safety and successful operation of company facilities. Companies in the fuel storage area. The PPA preventive fire system is a digitalization program for detecting early indication of a series of fires. In principle, the PPA preventive fire system takes temperature readings in the fuel storage area which can then provide notifications or alerts to stakeholders in the fuel storage area using a certain algorithm so that they can provide messages via SMS (Short Message Service), WhatsApp Message and E-Mail. . Implementation of this system is an important step in mining work areas as the first preventive measure in the event of a fire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leadership 4.0, also called digital leadership, is a novel construct that allows organizations to move towards Industry 4.0. The current research aims to validate the content of a measurement instrument of Leadership 4.0 by means of Lawshe's model (1975) modified by Tristan (2008). This was achieved with the cooperation of 5 experts in the field who evaluated the relevance of each of the items by means of 3 assessment categories: essential, useful but not essential and not necessary. Content validity ratio (CVR) results were obtained that exceeded the minimum cut-off point of 0.58 in 13 of the proposed items and an overall content validity index (CVI) of 0.73 was obtained, which is above the cut-off point, indicating that the instrument is conceptually valid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gentrification is a process whereby neighbourhoods and their socio-economic composition upgrade through residential moves and social mobility. Relatively little attention has been paid to the spatial aspect of gentrification-induced residential moves. This systematic literature review focuses on the origin and destination of moves to and from gentrifying neighbourhoods, by gentrifiers (movers in) and displacees (movers out). It identifies where, when, and how such research has been conducted and highlights gaps in the literature. Our results suggest that the destination of displaced households has been studied extensively, while an understanding of the spatial origins of gentrifiers is lacking. The few studies dedicated to gentrifiers' origins mostly focus on intra-urban environments, overlooking potential mobility dynamics from outside the city-region. We highlight that capturing both origins and destinations of movers at different spatial scales is necessary to demonstrate how residential mobility creates interactions and demographic interdependencies between neighbourhoods and cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the power industry moving toward a green and low-carbon direction, renewable energy is occupying an increasingly larger share in the power system. However, compared with traditional thermal power generation, the instability of new energy generation is very prominent, which also leads to a decrease in the inertia of the power system after the grid integration of a high proportion of renewable energy. If no measures are taken, this may lead to frequency collapse accidents. Therefore, this paper first introduces two international major power outage accidents that have occurred in recent years, analyzing the causes, and then summarizes the inspiration obtained from the accidents. Subsequently, some research results on low inertia-related issues in the power system caused by the high proportion of new energy grid integration in recent years were summarized and analyzed from three aspects: inertia evaluation methods, optimal operation measures for the power system, and under frequency load-shedding (the abbreviation "ULFS" in the following text stands for it) schemes. Finally, suggestions were made for future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, it is an accepted fact that the way for businesses to be competitive under the hard conditions they are in is possible through innovation. Thanks to innovation, it is possible to adapt to technological developments, to respond to the changes required by the age, and to make competition sustainable. This article aims to test whether there is a meaningful difference between the perception of competitive position and innovation level. To determine 225 businesses located in the İnegöl district of Bursa and members of the IMOS association constitute the research universe. The sample frame is 384 business owners and managers taking place in these businesses. Data were collected using a face-to-face survey technique. The data obtained because of the survey were tested with factor, reliability, frequency, correlation, T-Test and ANOVA analyses using SPSS. As a result of the analyzes made, the perceptions of the product, strategy, process and market innovation, which are the sub-dimensions of the innovation level variable, show significant differences according to the companies’ entry into the market as first movers and followers, their competitiveness and branding levels. It has been determined that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables in the study and the sub-dimensions of the variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce a new unbinned two sample test statistic sensitive to CP violation utilizing the optimal transport plan associated with the Wasserstein (earth mover's) distance. The efficacy of the test statistic is shown via two examples of CP asymmetric distributions with varying sample sizes: the Dalitz distributions of B0 → K+π−π0 and of D0 → π+π−π0 decays. The windowed version of the Wasserstein distance test statistic is shown to have comparable sensitivity to CP violation as the commonly used energy test statistic, but also retains information about the localized distributions of CP asymmetry over the Dalitz plot. For large statistic datasets we introduce two modified Wasserstein distance based test statistics — the binned and the sliced Wasserstein distance statistics, which show comparable sensitivity to CP violation, but improved computing time and memory scalings. Finally, general extensions and applications of the introduced statistics are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Syntax-aware Word Mover's Distance (SynWMD), a method for sentence similarity evaluation, is proposed. • Word importance is inferred from the graph built by the syntactic parse trees. • The local syntactic parsing structure of words is considered in computing the distance between words. • Experiments on semantic textual similarity tasks and sentence classification tasks have shown the effectiveness of Syn-WMD. Word Mover's Distance (WMD) computes the distance between words and models text similarity with the moving cost between words in two text sequences. Yet, it does not offer good performance in sentence similarity evaluation since it does not incorporate word importance and fails to take inherent contextual and structural information in a sentence into account. An improved WMD method using the syntactic parse tree, called Syntax-aware Word Mover's Distance (SynWMD), is proposed to address these two shortcomings in this work. First, a weighted graph is built upon the word co-occurrence statistics extracted from the syntactic parse trees of sentences. The importance of each word is inferred from graph connectivities. Second, the local syntactic parsing structure of words is considered in computing the distance between words. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SynWMD, we conduct experiments on 6 textual semantic similarity (STS) datasets and 4 sentence classification datasets. Experimental results show that SynWMD achieves state-of-the-art performance on STS tasks. It also outperforms other WMD-based methods on sentence classification tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is widely used as a powerful matrix factorization tool in data representation. However, the traditional NMF, measured by Euclidean distance or Kullback–Leibler distance, does not take into account the internal implied geometric information of the dataset and cannot measure the distance between samples as well as possible. To remedy the defects, in this paper, we propose the NMF method with Earth mover's distance as a metric, for short GSNMF-EMD. It combines graph regularization and L 1 / 2 smooth constraints. The GSNMF-EMD method takes into account the intrinsic implied geometric information of the dataset and can produce more sparse and stable local solutions. Experiments on two specific image datasets showed that the proposed method outperforms related state-of-the-art methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first mover advantage is a critical factor for the productivity of firms that enter new markets. Surprisingly, however, the importance of timing is rarely explored in studies of interest groups and their influence on new policy agendas. In this article, we therefore develop a theory of first mover advantages in lobbying. We argue that especially more resourceful and more highly affected organizations should be able to benefit from early lobbying. Using granular survey data on the timing of lobby efforts by interest groups on Covid-19 related policies in 10 European democracies, we test this novel theory. Our results show that timing is an important predictor of lobbying influence, but that interest groups which are hardly affected by a new policy cannot benefit from early mover advantages in the same way as affected organizations. Moreover, we give evidence for differences in first mover advantages depending on organizational staff resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a finite-time controller is designed on high-precision positioning for an inertial reference unit (IRU) with asymmetric loads and mover sideslip based on a finite-time extended state observer (ESO). The asymmetric loads caused by centroid deviation from central axis are a negative factor, which results in a negative load torque for IRUs. The mover sideslip is another negative factor that brings about output forces errors between actual output forces and theoretical output forces for voice coil motors. The finite-time ESO is designed to estimate and compensate the asymmetric loads and mover sideslip. The finite-time controller is proposed with high convergence rate for the IRU. Experimental results are presented to show effectiveness of the proposed finite-time control method in high-precision positioning under asymmetric loads and mover sideslip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Root system architectures are complex and challenging to characterize effectively for agronomic and ecological discovery. Methods: We propose a new method, Spatial and Texture Analysis of Root SystEm distribution with Earth mover's Distance (STARSEED), for comparing root system distributions that incorporates spatial information through a novel application of the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD). Results: We illustrate that the approach captures the response of sesame root systems for different genotypes and soil moisture levels. STARSEED provides quantitative and visual insights into changes that occur in root architectures across experimental treatments. Conclusion: STARSEED can be generalized to other plants and provides insight into root system architecture development and response to varying growth conditions not captured by existing root architecture metrics and models. The code and data for our experiments are publicly available: https://github.com/GatorSense/STARSEED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biologics manufacturing has seen many new developments in recent years. The industry is moving away from processing systems based on stainless steel (with cleaning and validation requirements) to single‐use systems (sterilized, disposable plastics). This communication presents an overview of the current single‐use mixing technology landscape, requirements and challenges driven by the need for versatile biomanufacturing platforms with increased productivity. A case study is presented with an insight into Lonza Ibex® Solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Processed foods, and particularly "ultra-processed foods" (UPFs), as categorized by NOVA, have been highly criticized over the last few years. At the same time, consumers consistently perceive processed foods as less healthy and less natural than unprocessed foods. This commentary aimed to examine the relationship between the degree of food processing, healthiness, and naturalness. A case study was included wherein the naturalness (measured through the Food Naturalness Index) and healthiness (measured through the Nutri-score) of 734 snack bars (classified as UPFs by NOVA) were analyzed. The degree of processing, food healthiness, and naturalness are different aspects of food. Our results show that not all snacks analyzed are necessarily unhealthy and unnatural. Importantly, there were significant differences between them in terms of Nutri-score and FNI values, which suggests that it is not appropriate to rate an overall product category (i.e., snack bars) as nutritionally poor and unnatural. Our findings can help stimulate an interdisciplinary dialogue routed in scientific evidence to clarify the role of so-called UPFs in the food system. • Consumers perceive processed foods as less healthy and less natural in comparison to unprocessed foods. • Degree of food processing, healthiness and naturalness are discussed from the technical and consumer perspective. • Degree of processing, food healthiness and naturalness are different aspects of foods. • The NOVA fails to correctly classify foods regarding healthiness and naturalness. • NOVA represents a barrier for the industry to move towards healthier and more natural foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quantum coupling of two given quantum states denotes the set of bipartite states whose marginal states are these given two states. In this paper, we provide tight inequalities to describe the structure of quantum coupling. These inequalities directly imply that the trace distance between two quantum states cannot be determined by the quantum analog of the earth mover's distance, thus ruling out the equality version of the quantum Kantorovich–Rubinstein theorem for trace distance even in the finite-dimensional case. In addition, we provide an inequality that can be regarded as a quantum generalization of the Kantorovich–Rubinstein theorem. Then, we generalize our inequalities and apply them to the three tripartite quantum marginal problems. Numerical tests with a three-qubit system show that our criteria are much stronger than the known criteria: the strong subadditivity of entropy and the monogamy of entanglement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning (DL) based semantic segmentation methods have achieved excellent performance in biomedical image segmentation, producing high quality probability maps to allow extraction of rich instance information to facilitate good instance segmentation. While numerous efforts were put into developing new DL semantic segmentation models, less attention was paid to a key issue of how to effectively explore their probability maps to attain the best possible instance segmentation. We observe that probability maps by DL semantic segmentation models can be used to generate many possible instance candidates, and accurate instance segmentation can be achieved by selecting from them a set of “optimized” candidates as output instances. Further, the generated instance candidates form a well-behaved hierarchical structure (a forest), which allows selecting instances in an optimized manner. Hence, we propose a novel framework, called hierarchical earth mover’s distance (H-EMD), for instance segmentation in biomedical 2D+time videos and 3D images, which judiciously incorporates consistent instance selection with semantic-segmentation-generated probability maps. H-EMD contains two main stages: (1) instance candidate generation: capturing instance-structured information in probability maps by generating many instance candidates in a forest structure; (2) instance candidate selection: selecting instances from the candidate set for final instance segmentation. We formulate a key instance selection problem on the instance candidate forest as an optimization problem based on the earth mover’s distance (EMD), and solve it by integer linear programming. Extensive experiments on eight biomedical video or 3D datasets demonstrate that H-EMD consistently boosts DL semantic segmentation models and is highly competitive with state-of-the-art methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is the relation of an earlier being to a later such that given the earlier there is or will be a later? I call this the question of material continuation. To answer, I offer a review of several philosophers' thoughts, including those of Zeno, Aristotle, Descartes, Bertrand Russell, Henri Bergson, and Alfred North Whitehead. While there is considerable variety among the ontological views of these philosophers, and indeed some direct opposition of both method and assertion, my review suggests that material continuation may be explained by reference to a principle of continual creation. This principle is reflected in Aristotle's unmoved mover, in Descartes's account of God's activity in persistence, in Bergson's concept of la durée, and in Whitehead's principle of creativity. It disappears from view in objective methodologies first emerging in pre-Socratic thought, made rigorous by the development of science by the modern philosophers such as Descartes, and realized in the scientist philosophy of Russell. I include some consideration of whether the creative principle might be ideal or divine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning has achieved promising performance in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. Training deep models usually requires labeling massive HSIs, which, however, is prohibitively time-consuming and expensive. To fill in the gap, this article proposes a novel meta-learning method for HSI few-shot classification that conducts HSI classification with a few labeled samples. Specifically, we introduce the Earth mover’s distance (EMD) as a metric. The designed EMD metric learning module aims to calculate the similarity of paired embedding features by decomposing embedding features into a set of local representations. The EMD metric aims to find the optimal matching flows between local representations that have the minimum matching cost. Furthermore, we attempt to learn class prototype representation for each hyperspectral class using the EMD metric. The proposed network effectively learns general knowledge from base HSIs and transfers such knowledge to the classification of novel HSIs. We conduct HSI few-shot classification by training on three base HSIs and classification on three novel HSIs. Extensive experimental results on three novel HSI datasets demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the existing state-of-the-art HSI methods, including two HSI few-shot methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To aid in making software bug-free, several high-tech companies are moving from coding to modelling. In some cases model checking techniques are explored or have already been adopted to get more value from these models. This also holds for Canon Production Printing, where the language OIL was developed for modelling control-software components. In this paper, we present OIL and give its semantics. We define a translation from OIL to mCRL2 to enable the use of model checking techniques. Moreover, we discuss validity requirements on OIL component specifications and show how these can be formalised and verified using model checking. To test the feasibility of these techniques, we apply them to two models of systems used in production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the accelerated growth of technology, the use of Virtual Reality has become increasingly significant. Virtual reality aims to create simulations where the user interacts with objects in a virtual environment. Safety training guides employees of a company to carry out their activities safely, so that there are no accidents. However, the virtual reality used in training to prevent accidents in the work environment aims to increase the perception of employees and thereby avoid accidents in a particular activity. The present work aims to verify the applicability in the use of Virtual Reality in the development of people in the identification of risks in storage activities in the logistics sector. The study is based on a case study where interviews were conducted with employees in the storage sector of a company located in Serra ES. From the interviews conducted, it can be seen that most employees believe that the use of virtual reality is beneficial for both the company and the employees. Therefore, it is concluded that the applicability of Virtual Reality in the company can bring as a benefit a better image and greater competitiveness in the market, in addition to being recognized as investing in a safe work environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dempster-Shafer evidence theory has been extensively used in various applications of information fusion owing to its capability in dealing with uncertain modeling and reasoning. However, when meeting highly conflicting evidence, the classical Dempster's combination rule may give counter-intuitive results. To address this issue, we propose a new method in this work to fuse conflicting evidence. Firstly, a new evidence distance metric, named Belief Mover's Distance, which is inspired by the Earth Mover's Distance, is defined to measure the difference between two pieces of evidence. Subsequently, the credibility weight and distance weight of each piece of evidence are computed according to the Belief Mover's Distance. Then, the final weight of each piece of evidence is generated by unifying these two weights. Finally, the classical Dempster's rule is employed to fuse the weighted average evidence. Several examples and applications are presented to analyze the performance of the proposed method. Experimental results manifest that the proposed method is remarkably effective in comparison with other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entry timing is critical for a firm's sustainability, and it is determined after comparing the first mover advantage (FMA) and the late mover advantage (LMA). This study aims to continue the extant discussion on FMA and LMA to explore the important determinants and their effects on FMA or LMA in a smartphone market. The methodology of building a theory from a comparative case study is adopted using Apple iPhone and Samsung Galaxy cases in a smartphone market. This study verified that market- and firm-level determinants are more linked with FMA, and the isolating mechanism along with the environment as well as firm-level enablers are useful for explaining FMA. This study also uniquely found that the product-level determinant is closely linked with LMA, which has not been explored much in relation to LMA. This study theoretically contributed to extending the conceptual framework as well as enabling the mechanism of entry advantage, and it has managerial implications of how the first mover or the late mover can benefit from their entry advantage by exploiting their relative strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology roadmapping is a widely accepted method for offering industry foresight as it supports strategic innovation management and identifies the potential application of emerging technologies. While roadmapping applications have been implemented across different technologies and industries, prior studies have not addressed the potential application of emerging technologies in the retail industry. Furthermore, few studies have examined service-oriented technologies by a roadmapping method. Methodologically, there are limited roadmapping studies that implement both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Hence, this article aims to offer a foresight for future technologies in the retailing industry using an integrated roadmapping method. To achieve this, we used a sequential method that consisted of both text mining and an expert review process. Our results show clear directions for the future of emerging technologies as the industry moves toward unmanned retail operations. We generate eight clusters of technologies and integrate them into a roadmapping model, illustrating their links to the market and business requirements. Our study has a number of implications and identifies potential bottlenecks between the integration of front- and back-end solutions for the future of unmanned retailing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes migrant self-selection from Portugal between 1885 and 1930 for both men and women. Leveraging newly digitized data on migrants' characteristics across districts and literacy as a selection indicator, we document that self-selection was positive over the entire period but varied markedly across space and time. In some districts, migrants' literacy was similar to the general population, while in others over three times as large. In line with models of household migration, selection was significantly lower among migrant women, who were more likely to be tied movers. Our econometric analyses show a large negative relationship between migrant flows and self-selection, notably among men. We also find that the vintage of networks mattered differently by gender: male self-selection was more responsive to recent flows, while female self-selection was mostly influenced by past flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(a) ∼20,000 ijs of four different commercial species of entomopathogenic nematodes were individually placed in vertically oriented PVC columns containing oven-dried sand. (b) Ijs were incubated for varying time periods depending on species as species move at different rates. (c) After incubation time, the top section (containing non-moving nematodes) and the bottom section (containing moving nematodes) of each PVC column was removed and rinsed in water to decant ijs from sand. (d) 500 ijs were sampled from the non-mover and mover ijs in each column. These ijs were exposed to a Galleria mellonella larva and allowed to infect the larva. After 24 hours, the larva was dissected and the number of ijs inside the insect was counted. (e) The percent invasion was compared between movers and non-movers using JMP® Pro 14.1.0 to determine if nematodes that move more have a higher infectivity rate than non-movers. [Display omitted] • Increased dispersal of EPNs may provide tradeoffs, such as risk of mortality in exchange for increased invasion potential. • Invasion of G. mellonella was assessed between the "movers" and "non-movers" of four species of entomopathogenic nematode. • S. carpocapsae movers were the only nematodes that did not show increased invasion potential. • H. indica , traditionally classified as a cruiser forager, had a movement index similar to an ambush forager. • EPNs classified as ambushers may not gain increased invasion success compared to EPNs who are cruisers or intermediates. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are roundworms that parasitize insects with the aid of symbiotic bacteria. These nematodes have been used both as model organisms and for biological control of pests. The specialized third stage of an EPN, known as an infective juvenile (IJ) must forage to find a host with strategies varying from species to species (cruising, ambushing, and intermediate). Some IJs move more than others to find a host, despite an increased risk of predation and desiccation. This hints at potential underlying benefits (e.g., increased invasion) for EPNs that move more. We assessed whether EPNs that moved farther down a soil column also exhibit higher levels of invasion when compared to nematodes that remained at or near their point of origin. We found that movers in the cruisier and intermediate species: Steinernema riobrave, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora , and H. indica had higher invasion rates compared to their counterparts that did not move. S. carpocapsae , an ambusher, did not exhibit invasion differences between EPNs that moved versus those that did not. For the three cruiser/intermediate EPNs we tested, our results support our hypothesis that EPNs that tend to move more enjoy related benefits such as increased invasion potential. Further studies are required to explore other parameters that may interact with movement. The results of this study can potentially be used to develop EPN strains that move more and invade more, and thus can potentially be more effective biological control agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The general mathematical model of mover was established by using physics-based method. • A state error feedback-based state observer was established. • Controller based on model predictive control (MPC) was designed. The control matrix was solved based on the primal-dual method and Hildreth iterative method to improve the calculation efficiency and the stability of the actual operation. • The results showed that the control error of the MPC controller was reduced by 70 % compared to the PI controller. Motion control of Blanket Remote Maintenance Mover (BRMM) is studied in the maintenance and transportation process of blanket in the China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR). Firstly, the mathematical model of mover is established in state space function type to provide model basement of model predictive control (MPC) controller. Secondly, system state observer was designed to provide system states to controller. Thirdly, to realize high accuracy motion control of BRMM, MPC controller was solved by using innovative primal-dual method and Hildreth iterative method. Finally, simulation and experiment were conducted to verify the control effectiveness of proposed controller. The results showed that control error was reduced by 70 % by using proposed controller. This work also provides application experience for blanket maintenance in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stratification is commonly employed in clinical trials to reduce the chance covariate imbalances and increase the precision of the treatment effect estimate. We propose a general framework for constructing the confidence interval (CI) for a difference or ratio effect parameter under stratified sampling by the method of variance estimates recovery (MOVER). We consider the additive variance and additive CI approaches for the difference, in which either the CI for the weighted difference, or the CI for the weighted effect in each group, or the variance for the weighted difference is calculated as the weighted sum of the corresponding stratum‐specific statistics. The CI for the ratio is derived by the Fieller and log‐ratio methods. The weights can be random quantities under the assumption of a constant effect across strata, but this assumption is not needed for fixed weights. These methods can be easily applied to different endpoints in that they require only the point estimate, CI, and variance estimate for the measure of interest in each group across strata. The methods are illustrated with two real examples. In one example, we derive the MOVER CIs for the risk difference and risk ratio for binary outcomes. In the other example, we compare the restricted mean survival time and milestone survival in stratified analysis of time‐to‐event outcomes. Simulations show that the proposed MOVER CIs generally outperform the standard large sample CIs, and that the additive CI approach performs better than the additive variance approach. Sample SAS code is provided in the Supplementary Material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a method for the active control of the deformations on a magnetically levitated moving-magnet planar motor. The planar motor under consideration is comprised of a stator on a double coil array configuration and a mover with permanent magnets, and it is designed to perform positioning tasks with nanometer level of accuracy. Due to the spatially asymmetric, nonuniform force distribution on the magnet plate, mechanical deformations are induced to the mover, which can severely hinder the desired positioning accuracy. The proposed method overcomes this challenge by properly shaping the force distribution on the moving magnet plate, which is enabled by the presence of multiple coils interacting with the mover, corresponding to an “overactuation” scheme. As a consequence, the independent control of elementary deformation shapes (modes) is achieved. The proposed overactuation scheme is experimentally validated on a planar motor prototype, proving the efficiency of the proposed method during both standstill and motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I present a translation and analysis of Metaphysics a 1, 993 b 23-31 to subsequently show how Alexander of Aphrodisias's interpretation of said passage led medieval philosophers to attribute a doctrine of creation to Aristotle. For Alexander, those things that are most true and those beings that are in the highest degree, about which Aristotle speaks in Met. a 1, a passage that originally addressed the relationship between the premises and conclusions of demonstrations, are the unmoved movers, which have a relationship of imitation or participation with the things that depend on them. In Averroes, who favors the Neoplatonic notion of perfection, the causality of the unmoved mover becomes an efficient causality in its fullest sense: an explanation not only of the movement of the heavens, but of their being and that of all things. Thus, he implicitly presents Aristotle as a monotheistic and creationist philosopher. Thomas Aquinas, using the notions of "being by essence" and "being by participation" and deriving a notion of "always being" from that of "always being true", also transforms the unmoved mover into a true creator and explicitly points out the reasons for his interpretation in the text of Aristotle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The latest release of MODFLOW 6, the current core version of the MODFLOW groundwater modeling software, debuted a new package dubbed the "mover" (MVR). Using a generalized approach, MVR facilitates the transfer of water among any arbitrary combination of simulated features (i.e., pumping wells, stream, drains, lakes, etc.) within a MODFLOW 6 simulation. Four "rules" controlling the amount of water transferred from a providing feature to a receiving feature are currently available. In this way, MVR can represent natural connections between features, for example, streams entering or exiting lakes, and perhaps more interestingly, it also can transfer water among simulated features to more accurately simulate water management. An example model representative of an agricultural setting demonstrates some of the available MVR connections. For example, an irrigation event that transfers surface water from an irrigation delivery ditch to multiple cropped areas demonstrates a "one-to-many" connection that is possible within MVR. Conversely, irrigation or precipitation runoff from multiple fields may be routed to a particular stream segment using "many-to-one" MVR connections. MVR supports many additional connection types, several of which are demonstrated by the included example problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's economy has achieved tremendous development in recent years. People's living standards have gradually improved. With economic development, people's pursuit of quality of life is increasing day by day, laying the foundation for developing China's sports industry. At the same time, the development of the sports industry to a certain stage would promote economic growth. For example, in some western developed countries, the contribution of the sports industry to the economy has far exceeded the traditional industry. It has become a new growth point for economic development. Although the China's sports industry has achieved certain development, it is still in its infancy. Compared with western developed countries, China's sports industry development is still relatively slow. There are still some problems in the development of the sports industry. This paper mainly discusses the relationship between China's sports industry and economic development. First of all, by understanding the development conditions, characteristics, and contribution to the economic growth of the foreign sports indust ry, the development process, development status, influencing factors, and existing problems were compared and analyzed. China's sports industry's economic and social effects on economic development were qualitatively described. Secondly, the gray correlation analysis method was used to empirically study the relationship between the added value of China's sports industry and the economic development index. The correlation degree was calculated. The results showed that the added value of the sports industry is highly related to the indicators of fixed asset investment, fiscal income, and added value of the tertiary industry. There is a moderate correlation with GDP and GDP per capita and a low correlation with the total import and export and employment personnel in the tertiary industry. At the present stage, the whole society fixed assets investment, fiscal revenue, total tourism, the added value, GDP, per capita GDP development of the sports industry added value have a significant role. In turn, total import and export as well as tertiary industry employment development on the increase of added value is not significant. Thus, they did not play a good driving role between each other. Finally, according to the qualitative and quantitative analysis results, there is a certain correlation between China's sports industry and economic development. The author put forward countermeasures and suggestions to drive the sound and rapid development of the sports industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We contribute to the pressing question of how organizational design influences corporate wrongdoing by studying different decision structures — simultaneous vs. sequential — in experimental coordination games. Participants can report private information honestly, or lie to increase their own, as well as the group's, payoff. In simultaneous decision structures, all group members report at the same time, without information about the reports of others, whereas in sequential decision structures there is a first mover who decides first. We find that the presence of a first mover decreases dishonesty levels in repeated interactions (but not in one-shot settings). We argue that this effect is primarily driven by image concerns of decision leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrative lighting concepts, the process of including the physiological and psychological impacts from lighting into the design process for buildings and urban spaces, are still in their infancy. There are many aspects that are not known or only partially understood and this restricts the widespread application of integrative lighting. This paper explores some of the issues from the viewpoint of a lighting product manufacturer and discusses possible ways to move forward as an industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the selection of third-party logistics providers (3PLs) based on the best prices offered by them. The focus is on outbound logistics where 3PLs must have their own distribution centres for storage and picking activities. They must also have suitable trucks for distribution to different small-scale customers. The motivation for this paper is a case study from Germany in which a furniture company with hundreds of small customers in ten zones is seeking one or more 3PLs to do the distribution. A mathematical programming model was built based on integer programming where demand per order can be expressed using exponential distribution in each customer zone. The main contribution of this paper is that it finds the best 3PLs based on the different pricing methods of the various providers; this means including the location problem indirectly using the new integer programming model. The model takes into consideration three different methods of pricing based on the offers of five 3PLs. These different methods make it difficult for the decision makers to choose the best solution, especially if specific trends in demand are expected in the future for some customer zones. The results show that future increases in demand in terms of the number of orders or order size could affect the optimal solution. The best pricing method with the lowest variability in cost over time is selected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the help of time-dependent scattering theory on the observable algebra of infinitely extended quasifree fermionic chains, we introduce a general class of so-called right mover/left mover states which are inspired by the nonequilibrium steady states for the prototypical nonequilibrium configuration of a finite sample coupled to two thermal reservoirs at different temperatures. Under the assumption of spatial translation invariance, we relate the 2-point operator of such a right mover/left mover state to the asymptotic velocity of the system and prove that the system is thermodynamically nontrivial in the sense that its entropy production rate is strictly positive. Our study of these not necessarily gauge-invariant systems covers and substantially generalizes well-known quasifree fermionic chains and opens the way for a more systematic analysis of the heat flux in such systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When do brands get credit for contributing to the greater good? Prior research has shown that consumers reward brands for prosocial initiatives (e.g., corporate philanthropy, social responsibility, cause marketing) in line with the perceived purity of their motives. We report four experiments demonstrating that consumers interpret the order in which brands launch prosocial initiatives as a signal of their underlying motivations for doing good. Whereas prosocial first movers appear to care genuinely about the causes they support, prosocial followers (i.e., those that imitate the prosocial actions of other brands) typically seem to have more selfish intentions, even if their initiatives have an equal or greater social impact. This discrepancy in perceived motives, in turn, serves as an additional source of first mover preference, above and beyond previously studied first mover effects and unique to greater good marketing contexts. It also leads consumers to reward followers for launching more original prosocial initiatives, even if these seem less impactful for society. These findings bridge literatures on prosocial behavior and entry order, and they offer practical insight for brands looking to combine profits and purpose. This article is part of the issue "Consumer Psychology for the Greater Good". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of silk was an important aspect of the economy of Islamic Sicily that the Norman count and then kings of Sicily worked to maintain. The production of silk survived along with other economic practices of Islamic Sicily, such as irrigation techniques and land use. Silk continued to move along the trade routes of the Central Mediterranean into the twelfth century. While those connections were disrupted by unrest and revolt at the end of the twelfth century, they survived in some form until the mid-thirteenth century. It was only the expulsion of Muslims from Sicily that ended these connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When calculating the similarity between samples, the conventional KNN algorithm deemscach attribute equally important, and ignores the distinction of the attributes' significance. In order to address this issue, this paper employed the earth mover's distance to calculate the weight of each condition attribute. Firstly, this method divided two distributions according to the nearest neighbor relationship. Then, it designed an evaluation function based on earth mover's distance to gauge the inconsistency degree between the neighborhood of each sample with regard to each attribute and its equivalent refinement induced by the decision attribute. Last, it transformed the inconsistency degree to the significance of the corresponding attribute to implement an attribute weighted KNN. Through systematic experiments on several datasets, it verifies that the proposed method is insensitive to parameters and can significantly improve the classification performance of KNN, and outperforms some state-of the-art classification methods. The results show that this method can select more accurate nearest neighbor samples by attribute weighting, and can be widely used in methods base on nearest neighbor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The angle between the piezoelectric stack (PES) and the mover would significantly affect the output performances of stick-slip piezoelectric actuators in theory; however, this issue has not been explored. Accordingly, in this paper, to investigate the effects of the angle, a stick-slip piezoelectric actuator with a changeable angle between the PES and the mover was proposed, and its structure was briefly introduced first. Then, the relationship between the angle and the parasitic motion was theoretically calculated. After that, the output performances of the actuator were characterized under different angles between the PES and the mover. The results indicated that the angle between the PES and the mover significantly affected the one-step maximum displacement and the backward motion. After comprehensive analysis, the best output performances of the actuator were obtained under the angle of 0°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind power enterprises and energy storage companies have combined to form a wind-storage supply chain. Choosing a wind-storage combined power generation system will help companies make faster and better decisions and increase the value of cooperation in the wind-storage supply chain. Based on industry characteristics, 22 indexes that affect the collaborative decision-making of wind-storage combined power generation systems are selected, and an index evaluation system based on the interpretative structure model is designed. The entropy method is used to determine the index weight. Three collaborative decision-making models are designed, namely, a collaborative decision-making model based on the entropy weight method–fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, a collaborative decision-making model based on the entropy method–TOPSIS, and a collaborative decision-making model based on fuzzy TOPSIS. The reliability of the model is verified through comparative analysis. At the same time, development suggestions in six aspects are put forward. This article provides a reference for collaborative decision-making between wind power enterprises and energy storage companies in the wind-storage supply chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]