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This work designed and synthesized the first organic fluorescent sensor for lutein in aqueous solutions based on blue to yellow fluorescence change of thiosemicarbazide‐bridged bis‐tetraphenylene (Bis‐TPE). By condensing monohydroxy tetraphenylene derivatives with p‐phenylene di‐isothiocyanate, Bis‐TPE was produced. A fluorescence spectrophotometer was used to scan the fluorescence emission spectra from 380 to 700 nm with 360 nm as the excitation wavelength. The fluorescence spectra showed that Bis‐TPE exhibited high selective sensing ability for lutein in aqueous medium, and the fluorescence showed red‐shift phenomenon with a limit of detection as low as 0.26 μM for lutein. The sensing mechanism was confirmed by mass spectrometry, infrared, and fluorescence Job's plots based on the 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of double hydrogen bonding. The successful application of Bis‐TPE in sensing test strips means that Bis‐TPE can achieve efficient detection of lutein in complex environments. As a result, an aggregation‐induced luminescence‐based lutein fluorescence sensor was constructed, which exhibited highly selective and sensitive sensing of lutein, and provided a new research idea for the object detection of such structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-performance electrochromic (EC) and electrofluorochromic (EFC) materials have garnered considerable interest due to their diverse applications in smart windows, optoelectronics, optical displays, military camouflage, etc. While many different EC and EFC polymers have been reported, their preparation often requires multiple steps, and their polymer molecular weights are subjected to batch variation. In this work, we prepared two triphenylamine (TPA)-based and two tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based derivatives functionalized with terminal styryl groups via direct Suzuki coupling with (4-vinylphenyl)boronic acid and vinylboronic acid pinacol ester. The two novel TPE derivatives exhibited green–yellow aggregation-induced emission (AIE). The EC and EFC properties of pre- and post-thermally treated derivatives spin-coated onto ITO–glass substrates were studied. While all four derivatives showed modest absorption changes with applied voltages up to +2.4 V, retaining a high degree of optical transparency, they exhibited obvious EFC properties with the quenching of blue to yellow fluorescence with IOFF/ON contrast ratios of up to 7.0. The findings therefore demonstrate an elegant approach to preparing optically transparent, heat-induced, cross-linkable styryl-functionalized EFC systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

cis‐Linked cyclotetraphenylene dimer [2]c‐CTPE and trimer [3]c‐CTPE were synthesized via Pt‐mediated cyclization of cis‐diboronated tetraphenylethene. The structure of [2]c‐CTPE has been confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The strain energy of [2]c‐CTPE and [3]c‐CTPE was calculated to be 86.28 ⋅ kJ mol−1 and 9.23 kJ ⋅ mol−1, respectively. [2]c‐CTPE and [3]c‐CTPE are typical AIEgens and show mechanofluorochromic properties. The comparisons of cis‐linked cyclotetraphenylenes with gem‐linked cyclotetraphenylenes were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two blue-emitting materials, 4-(12-([1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl]-5′-yl)chrysen-6-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline (TPA-C-TP) and 6-([1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl]-5′-yl)-12-(4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenyl)chrysene (TPE-C-TP), were prepared with the composition of a chrysene core moiety and terphenyl (TP), triphenyl amine (TPA), and tetraphenylethylene (TPE) moieties as side groups. The maximum photoluminescence (PL) emission wavelengths of TPA-C-TP and TPE-C-TP were 435 and 369 nm in the solution state and 444 and 471 nm in the film state. TPA-C-TP effectively prevented intermolecular packing through the introduction of TPA, a bulky aromatic amine group, and it showed an excellent photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 86% in the film state. TPE-C-TP exhibited aggregation-induced emission; the PLQY increased dramatically from 0.1% to 78% from the solution state to the film state. The two synthesized materials had excellent thermal stability, with a high decomposition temperature exceeding 460 °C. The two compounds were used as emitting layers in a non-doped device. The TPA-C-TP device achieved excellent electroluminescence (EL) performance, with Commission Internationale de L′Eclairage co-ordinates of (0.15, 0.07) and an external quantum efficiency of 4.13%, corresponding to an EL peak wavelength of 439 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving high luminescence dissymmetry factors and quantum yields in the solid state remains a significant challenge in developing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials. This study presents the synthesis of double helices based on planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane ([2.2]PCP) and tetraphenylethylene (TPE), which exhibit chiroptical and aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties. In particular, the double helix with long alkyl chains demonstrates tunable CPL activity driven by self‐assembly, exhibiting dissymmetry factors ranging from 10−4 to 10−2. Notably, doped PMMA films show an amplified dissymmetry factor of 0.058 and a high quantum yield of up to 51%. The designed molecules represent an ideal molecular functional material for generating efficient CPL with controllable dissymmetry factor and high emission efficiency in the solid state. This opens up possibilities for applications in chiroptical sensing, data storage, and light‐emitting devices based on solid‐state materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of new π‐conjugated molecular structures with controlled self‐assembly and distinct photophysical properties is crucial for advancing applications in optoelectronics and biomaterials. This study introduces the synthesis and detailed self‐assembly analysis of tetraphenylethylene (TPE) functionalized naphthalene diimide (NDI), a novel donor‐acceptor molecular structure referred to as TPE‐NDI. The investigation specifically focuses on elucidating the self‐assembly behavior of TPE‐NDI in mixed solvents of varying polarities, namely chloroform: methylcyclohexane (CHCl3: MCH) and chloroform: methanol (CHCl3: MeOH). Employing a several analytical methodologies, including UV‐Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS), these self‐assembled systems have been comprehensively examined. The results reveal that TPE‐NDI manifests as distinct particles in CHCl3: MCH (fMCH=90 %), while transitioning to flower‐like assemblies in CHCl3: MeOH (fMeOH=90 %). This finding underscores the critical role of solvent polarity in dictating the morphological characteristics of TPE‐NDI self‐assembled aggregates. Furthermore, the study proposes a molecular packing mechanism, based on SEM data, offering significant insights into the design and development of functional supramolecular systems. Such advancements in understanding the molecular self‐assembly new π‐conjugated molecular structures are anticipated to pave the way for novel applications in material science and nanotechnology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topological descriptors have drawn more interest recently because of the simplicity of generation and quick evaluation times, by avoiding time-consuming laboratory experiments. The distance based descriptors stand out as being pivotal in the QSAR and QSPR analysis of physico-chemical aspects. Dendrimers are branching polymeric molecules distinguished by its systematic growth pattern. Non-conjugated Ethylene oxide dendritic core attached with tetraphenylethylene is one such hyper branched polymer with strong solubility in a majority of organic solvents making them an active constituent for a variety of experimental purposes. No significant amount of research has been carried over based on the topological aspects of this dendrimer. This study effectively establishes the correlation between the chemical and physical attributes of the structure which can further aid in experimental research. In this work, various fundamental distance based descriptors of Ethylene oxide cored dendrimer have been evaluated by converting the original graph to quotient graphs using Djokovic̀-Winkler relation. Moreover, a graphical comparison of these descriptors has also been plotted to help comprehend the growth trend of these numerical values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aromatic heterocyclic compounds have received a lot of interest due to their various important medicinal and biological applications. The broad synthetic investigation and functional usefulness of heterocyclic molecules is driving a surge in research interest. They are found in more than 90% of innovative medications and bridge the gap between biology and chemistry, where so much scientific discovery and application happens. Heterocycles are also useful in a variety of domains, including pharmaceutical chemistry, biochemistry, and others. In this article, quantitative structure‐property relationship (QSPR) models is developed using sombor indices to predict fluorescence properties of aromatic hetero‐cyclic species based on their structural features. This allows researchers to estimate the fluorescence behavior of new molecules without performing experimental measurements. As an application, we have computed the sombor indices for self‐assembled supramolecular graphs made of terpyridine (TPE) and tetraphenylethylene (TPY) molecules that are produced as rosette cycles. This form of rosettes graph is used in electrical sensors, light emitting diodes, bioimaging and photoelectric devices, and so on. Tetraphenylethylene can be used to make fluorescent probes for next‐generation sensing applications with typical induced aggregative emission behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By synergistically employing four key strategies: (I) introducing tetraphenylethylene groups as the central core unit with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties, (II) optimizing the π‐conjugated length by extending the building block branches, (III) incorporating flexible groups containing ethylenic bonds, and (IV) applying crystal engineering to attain dense stacking mode and highly twisty conformation, we successfully synthesized a series of hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) exhibiting exceptional one/two‐photon excited fluorescence. Notably, when utilizing the fluorescently superior building block L2, HOF‐LIFM‐7 and HOF‐LIFM‐8 exhibiting high quantum yields (QY) of 82.1 % and 77.1 %, and ultrahigh two‐photon absorption (TPA) cross‐sections of 148959.5 GM and 123901.1 GM were achieved. These materials were successfully employed in one and two‐photon excited lysosome‐targeting cellular imaging. It is believed that this strategy, combining building block optimization and crystal engineering, holds significant potential for guiding the development of outstanding fluorescent HOF materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By synergistically employing four key strategies: (I) introducing tetraphenylethylene groups as the central core unit with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties, (II) optimizing the π‐conjugated length by extending the building block branches, (III) incorporating flexible groups containing ethylenic bonds, and (IV) applying crystal engineering to attain dense stacking mode and highly twisty conformation, we successfully synthesized a series of hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) exhibiting exceptional one/two‐photon excited fluorescence. Notably, when utilizing the fluorescently superior building block L2, HOF‐LIFM‐7 and HOF‐LIFM‐8 exhibiting high quantum yields (QY) of 82.1 % and 77.1 %, and ultrahigh two‐photon absorption (TPA) cross‐sections of 148959.5 GM and 123901.1 GM were achieved. These materials were successfully employed in one and two‐photon excited lysosome‐targeting cellular imaging. It is believed that this strategy, combining building block optimization and crystal engineering, holds significant potential for guiding the development of outstanding fluorescent HOF materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The precisely modulated synthesis of programmable light‐emitting materials remains a challenge. To address this challenge, we construct four tetraphenylethylene‐based supramolecular architectures (SA, SB, SC, and SD), revealing that they exhibit higher electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensities and efficiencies than the tetraphenylethylene monomer and can be classified as highly efficient and precisely modulated intramolecular aggregation–induced electrochemiluminescence (PI‐AIECL) systems. The best‐performing system (SD) shows a high ECL cathodic efficiency exceeding that of the benchmark tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride in aqueous solution by nearly six‐fold. The electrochemical characterization of these architectures in an organic solvent provides deeper mechanistic insights, revealing that SD features the lowest electrochemical band gap. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the band gap of the guest ligand in the SD structure is the smallest and most closely matched to that of the host scaffold. Finally, the SD system is used to realize ECL‐based cysteine detection (detection limit=14.4 nM) in real samples. Thus, this study not only provides a precisely modulated supramolecular strategy allowing chromophores to be controllably regulated on a molecular scale, but also inspires the programmable synthesis of high‐performance aggregation‐induced electrochemiluminescence emitters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The precisely modulated synthesis of programmable light‐emitting materials remains a challenge. To address this challenge, we construct four tetraphenylethylene‐based supramolecular architectures (SA, SB, SC, and SD), revealing that they exhibit higher electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensities and efficiencies than the tetraphenylethylene monomer and can be classified as highly efficient and precisely modulated intramolecular aggregation–induced electrochemiluminescence (PI‐AIECL) systems. The best‐performing system (SD) shows a high ECL cathodic efficiency exceeding that of the benchmark tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride in aqueous solution by nearly six‐fold. The electrochemical characterization of these architectures in an organic solvent provides deeper mechanistic insights, revealing that SD features the lowest electrochemical band gap. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the band gap of the guest ligand in the SD structure is the smallest and most closely matched to that of the host scaffold. Finally, the SD system is used to realize ECL‐based cysteine detection (detection limit=14.4 nM) in real samples. Thus, this study not only provides a precisely modulated supramolecular strategy allowing chromophores to be controllably regulated on a molecular scale, but also inspires the programmable synthesis of high‐performance aggregation‐induced electrochemiluminescence emitters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] 'Ligand-free' Pd-catalyzed reaction between arylboronic acid and diphenylacetylene affords a set of polyphenylated olefins and 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylnaphthalene whose yields are dependent on counteranion of PdII salt and additive nature. Tetraphenylethylene and hexaphenylbuta-1,3-diene are likely formed in tandem arylation/cross-coupling reaction with the participation of hydroxo/alkoxo alkenyl Pd species, whereas 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylnaphthalene formation probably proceeds through tandem arylation/C–H activation by halide-containing alkenyl Pd complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports the synthesis of cofacial organic cage molecules containing aggregation‐induced emissive (AIE) luminogens (AIEgens) through four‐fold Cu(I)‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) "click" reactions. The shorter AIEgen, tetraphenylethylene (TPE), afforded two orientational isomers (TPE‐CC‐1A and TPE‐CC‐1B). The longer AIEgen, tetrabiphenylethylene (TBPE), afforded a single isomer (TBPE‐CC‐2). The click reaction employed is irreversible, yet it yielded remarkable four‐fold click products above 40 %. The phenyl rings around the ethylene core generate propeller‐shaped chirality owing to their orientation, which influences the chirality of the resulting cages. The shorter cages are a mixture of PP/MM isomers, while the longer ones are a mixture of PM/MP isomers, as evidenced by their x‐ray structures. The newly synthesized cage molecules are emissive even in dilute solutions (THF) and exhibit enhanced AIE upon the addition of water. The aggregated cage molecules in aqueous solution exhibit turn‐off emission sensing of nitroaromatic explosives, with selectivity to picric acid in the 25–38 nanomolar detection range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A guest molecule containing a short alkyl spacer between the tetraphenylethylene group and the methylpyridinium group was designed and synthesized. After complexation with a water‐soluble pillar[5]arene, the resulting host‐guest complex can further self‐assemble into fluorescence‐emitting nanoparticles in water. By loading a commercially available dye Rhodamine 6G into the nanoparticles, an efficient artificial light‐harvesting system with high donor/acceptor ratios (>400/1) was successfully constructed. The obtained systems show considerable antenna effects with values of more than 10 times. The system also exhibits tunable fluorescence emission behavior and can be used as a fluorescent ink for information encryption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multicomponent metallacages can integrate the functions of their different building blocks to achieve synergetic effects for advanced applications. Herein, based on metal‐coordination‐driven self‐assembly, we report the preparation of a series of isoreticular tetraphenylethylene‐based metallacages, which are well characterized by multinuclear NMR, ESI‐TOF‐MS and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction techniques. The suitable integration of photosensitizing tetraphenylethylene units as faces and Re catalytic complexes as the pillars into a single metallacage offers a high photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 1707 μmol g−1 h−1, which is one of the highest values among reported metallacages. Femtosecond transient absorption and DFT calculations reveal that the metallacage can serve as a platform for the precise and organized arrangement of the two building blocks, enabling efficient and directional electron transfer for highly efficient photocatalytic performance. This study provides a general strategy to integrate multifunctional ligands into a certain metallacage to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production, which will guide the future design of metallacages towards photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multicomponent metallacages can integrate the functions of their different building blocks to achieve synergetic effects for advanced applications. Herein, based on metal‐coordination‐driven self‐assembly, we report the preparation of a series of isoreticular tetraphenylethylene‐based metallacages, which are well characterized by multinuclear NMR, ESI‐TOF‐MS and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction techniques. The suitable integration of photosensitizing tetraphenylethylene units as faces and Re catalytic complexes as the pillars into a single metallacage offers a high photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 1707 μmol g−1 h−1, which is one of the highest values among reported metallacages. Femtosecond transient absorption and DFT calculations reveal that the metallacage can serve as a platform for the precise and organized arrangement of the two building blocks, enabling efficient and directional electron transfer for highly efficient photocatalytic performance. This study provides a general strategy to integrate multifunctional ligands into a certain metallacage to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production, which will guide the future design of metallacages towards photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) molecules based on tetraphenylethylene (TPE) structure have been synthesized, but a clear understanding of the photophysical difference between different isomeric pyridyl‐based tetraphenylethylene molecules remains elusive. Herein, we designed a series of isomeric tetraphenylethylene‐pyridines (o‐Py‐TPE, m‐Py‐TPE, p‐Py‐TPE) to investigate the influence of the position of N atoms in the pyridine subunit on the photophysical property of the whole molecule by detailed DFT calculations and single‐crystal structures analysis. All compounds show typical AIE properties, and notably, the meta pyridyl isomer (m‐Py‐TPE) shows the highest solid photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) up to 64.56 %. Further investigation and DFT calculations indicate that the center C=C bond dihedral angles of the TPE subunit in the solid state of these compounds, which are affected by C−H⋅⋅⋅π interaction, play a vital role in their emission and PLQY properties. This work provides underlying principles for the design of pyridyl‐based TPE molecules with high photoluminescent performance in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabrication of fluorescent cellulose with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics is usually achieved by grafting tetraphenylethylene (TPE) to the cellulose backbone using TPE derivatives with highly active functional groups such as carboxylic, isothiocyanate, and alkynyl groups. However, besides the complicated synthetic routes of these TPE derivatives, conversion of hydroxyl groups in the cellulose chain to more reactive groups such as amine or azide groups is usually involved, and the resulting products have a degree of substitution (DS) of TPE lower than 0.08. Herein, a facile one‐pot strategy for the grafting of a TPE group to the cellulose backbone with high DS of up to 0.22 in a CO2 switchable solvent under mild reaction conditions is reported. The hydroxyl groups in the cellulose are in situ converted to cellulose carbonate intermediately during the dissolution step. Subsequently, nucleophilic substitution between the intermediate and a halogenated TPE derivative with bromine atom as leaving group is carried out to achieve the effective grafting of TPE. The synthetic route for this promising TPE derivative is much more convenient than those of TPE derivatives reported in previous studies. This work suggests a new and facile pathway for the synthesis of high‐emission fluorescent cellulose with AIE functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of novel organic fluorescent materials with strong luminescence in the aggregate state as well as stimuli response under external forces is of great importance for practical applications in the solid state. It is established that triphenylethylene and tetraphenylethylene are propeller-type aromatic molecular structures present in the majority of organic emitters with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties to prevent aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). In this study, we have incorporated a spiro-xanthene (SFX) core for the first time to design a new donor–π–acceptor–π–donor 4,4′-((3′,6′-dibutoxyspiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene]-2,7-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(N,N-diphenylaniline) (SP-TH) luminescent material with aggregation induced emission (AIE) and mechano-responsive properties. DFT calculations were carried out to study the electronic properties of SP-TH. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of SP-TH were systematically investigated. The photophysical (UV-Vis and PL spectroscopies) studies indicate that SP-TH has AIE features. In addition, the mechano-stimuli response of SP-TH was also investigated, and a hypsochromic shift (yellowish green to bluish green) was observed upon grinding the SP-TH sample and was analyzed using PXRD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two iron(II) compounds with the general formula of [Fe(phen‐TPE)2(NCX)2] ⋅ Y (phen‐TPE=3‐(tetraphenylethylene)‐1,10‐phenanthroline; X=S and Y=2DMF for 1 ⋅ 2DMF; X=Se and Y=DMF for 2 ⋅ DMF) were synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography and magnetic measurements. Both compounds exhibited thermal‐induced complete one‐step spin‐crossover (SCO) behavior with the critical transition temperatures of 210 K and 260 K for 1 ⋅ 2DMF and 2 ⋅ DMF, respectively. The SCO behavior of these two isomorphic compounds depended significantly on robust intermolecular π⋅⋅⋅π interactions, NCX− groups and solvent molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD), an amyloid-related disease, seriously endangers the health of elderly individuals. According to current research, its main pathogenic factor is the amyloid protein, which is a kind of fibrillar aggregate formed by noncovalent self-assembly of proteins. Based on the characteristics of aggregation-induced emission (AIE), a bislactosyl-decorated tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecule TMNL (TPE + malononitrile + lactose), bearing two malononitrile substituents, was designed and synthesized in this work. The amphiphilic TMNL could self-assemble into fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence emission in physiological PBS (phosphate buffered saline), achieving excellent fluorescent enhancement (47-fold) upon its combination with Aβ1–42 fibrils. TMNL was successfully applied to image Aβ1–42 plaques in the brain tissue of AD transgenic mice, and due to the AIE properties of TMNL, no additional rinsing process was necessary. It is believed that the probe reported in this work should be useful for the sensitive detection and accurate localization mapping of Aβ1–42 aggregates related to Alzheimer's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have found use in broad range of applications such as in catalysis and nanomedicine. Despite the fact that thiol-based AuNPs have been widely studied, they suffer from relative instability in various conditions, such as high and low temperatures, pH variations, and are prone to oxidation. Over the last decade, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been under spotlight as suitable ligands to stabilize metal nanoparticles and surfaces. Although NHC-functionalized AuNPs have been shown to outperform their thiol-based analogs in terms of stability, their applications in nanomedicine have not been realized. Hybrid nanomaterials, such as AuNPs tagged with π-conjugated molecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property, are promising candidates to develop fluorescent materials for cellular imaging. The combination of NHC-stabilized AuNPs with AIE to form stable, fluorescent hybrid AuNPs is of significant interest to open the door to develop new NHC-based nanomaterials. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of water-soluble fluorescent NHC-decorated AuNPs for potential applications in nanomedicine. Their stability in biologically relevant conditions is investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the unique synthesis of chiral supramolecular tri‐ and penta‐BCPs with controllable chirality using kinetically adjusted seeded supramolecular copolymerization in THF and DMSO (99 : 1, v/v). Tetraphenylethylene (d‐ and l‐TPE) derivatives bearing d‐ and l‐alanine side chains formed thermodynamically favored chiral products via a kinetically trapped in monomeric state with a long lag phase. In contrast, achiral TPE‐G containing glycine moieties did not form a supramolecular polymer owing to the energy barrier in its kinetically trapped state. We show that the copolymerization of the metastable states of TPE‐G not only enables the generation of supramolecular BCPs by the seeded living growth method, but also transfers chirality at the seed ends. This research demonstrates the generation of chiral supramolecular tri‐ and penta‐BCPs with B‐A‐B, A‐B‐A‐B‐A, and C‐B‐A‐B‐C block patterns accompanying chirality transfer via seeded living polymerization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the unique synthesis of chiral supramolecular tri‐ and penta‐BCPs with controllable chirality using kinetically adjusted seeded supramolecular copolymerization in THF and DMSO (99 : 1, v/v). Tetraphenylethylene (d‐ and l‐TPE) derivatives bearing d‐ and l‐alanine side chains formed thermodynamically favored chiral products via a kinetically trapped in monomeric state with a long lag phase. In contrast, achiral TPE‐G containing glycine moieties did not form a supramolecular polymer owing to the energy barrier in its kinetically trapped state. We show that the copolymerization of the metastable states of TPE‐G not only enables the generation of supramolecular BCPs by the seeded living growth method, but also transfers chirality at the seed ends. This research demonstrates the generation of chiral supramolecular tri‐ and penta‐BCPs with B‐A‐B, A‐B‐A‐B‐A, and C‐B‐A‐B‐C block patterns accompanying chirality transfer via seeded living polymerization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of novel azido molecules with demonstrated crosslinking ability when used as additives in polymer/fullerene organic solar cells. These compounds derived from fullerenes C60 and C70, or dyes from perylenediimide, perylene and tetraphenylethylene frameworks, bearing a different number of azido groups, are of particular interest to stabilize and increase the thermal stability of the device morphology. In particular, the electro and photoactive dye derivatives allow the introduction of additional functionality with the possibility of extending the absorption domain of the photoactive layer. In addition, and more broadly, such azido crosslinkers could find applications in the field of optoelectronic devices as a simple and cheap strategy to improve the performance and long‐term stability of organic solar cells, perovskites solar cells, or organic light‐emitting diodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein we report the self-assembly of an amino-acid substituted tetraphenylethylene (TPE) into a hydrogen-bonded dimeric capsule. Depending on the conditions applied the presented TPE derivative exhibits bluish photoluminescence with QYs up to 24% due to the AIE effect and excimer formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fluorescent polymer probe was developed by connecting tetraphenylethylene (TPE) with glucose via the formation of borate ester linkages. Based on the selective breaking of C–B bonds, the macroscopic and fluorescence detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro and in cells was successfully realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dual‐state emission luminogens (DSEgens) are receiving research interest in the construction of multifunctional materials due to their inherent advantage of high emission efficiency in both the molecularly dispersed solution state and the solid state. However, it remains challenging in synthesizing DSEgens via a delicate manipulation of the molecular structures. This work presents an example of bright DSEgen synthesis by tuning the molecular electronic structures and conformations. Three coumarin‐tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecules with a donor‐acceptor electronic structure and highly twisting conformations have been synthesized. While compound resulting from direct conjugation of coumarin with a TPE unit shows aggregation‐induced emission, compound with an N,N‐diaminoethyl modification on the 7‐position of coumarin and compound with a further phenyl linker between coumarin and TPE units feature strong dual‐state emission. Benefiting from their strong solid emission and twisting conformations, these fluorophores display reversible mechanofluorochromism. Finally, applications for rewritable information storage in the solid state and live‐cell imaging in the solution state were demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through McMurry coupling reaction, three meso‐position functionalized pillar[5]arene derivatives (H‐1, H‐2, and H‐3) have been successfully prepared by embedding aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens, diphenyldibenzofulvene (DPDBF) and tetraphenylethylene (TPE)) into the skeleton of supramolecular macrocycles. H‐1, bearing [15]paracyclophane ([15]PCP) and DPDBF moiety, exhibits yellow emission and demonstrates obvious AIE effect. In order to further improve the host‐guest properties of this type of structure, H‐2 and H‐3 are prepared by replacing the [15]PCP moiety with pillar[5]arene backbone, both of which show significant AIE effect and excellent host‐guest complexation properties with pyrazine salt guest G‐1 and 1,4‐dicyanobutane G‐2. Our findings indicate that G‐1 can decrease the fluorescence intensity of the AIE macrocycles, while G‐2 can increase their fluorescence intensity in solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a novel stimuli‐responsive fluorescent material platform that relies on an evocation of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) from tetraphenylethylene (TPE)‐based surfactants localized at one hemisphere of biphasic micro‐scale Janus emulsion droplets. Dynamic alterations in the available interfacial area were evoked through surfactant‐induced dynamic changes of the internal droplet morphology that can be modulated as a function of the balance of interfacial tensions of the droplet constituent phases. Thus, by analogy with a Langmuir–Blodgett trough that enables selective concentration of surfactants at a liquid–gas interface, we demonstrate here a method for controllable modulation of the available interfacial area of surfactant‐functionalized liquid–liquid interfaces. We show that a morphology‐dependent alteration of the interfacial area can be used to evoke an optical signal, by selectively assembling synthesized TPE‐based surfactants on the respective droplet interfaces. A trigger‐induced increase in the concentration of TPE‐based surfactants at the liquid–liquid interfaces results in an evocation of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE), inducing an up to 3.9‐fold increase in the measured emission intensity of the droplets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dimeric fluorescent macrocycle m‐TPE Di‐EtP5 (meso‐tetraphenylethylene dimeric ethoxypillar[5]arene) is synthesized based on the meso‐functionalized ethoxy pillar[5]arene. Through the connectivity of two pillar[5]arenes by CC double bond, the central tetraphenylethylene (TPE) moiety is simultaneously formed. The resultant bicyclic molecule not only retains the host–guest properties of pillararenes but also introduces the interesting aggregation‐induced emission properties inherent in the embedded TPE structure. Three dinitrile derivatives with various linkers are designed as guests (G1, G2, and G3) to form host–guest assemblies with m‐TPE Di‐EtP5. The morphological control and fluorescence properties of the assemblies are successfully realized. G1 with a shorter alkyl chain as the linker completely threads into the cavities of the host. G2, due to its longer chain length, forms a linear supramolecular polymer upon binding to m‐TPE Di‐EtP5. G3 differs from G2 by possessing a bulky phenyl group in the middle of the chain, which can be further assembled with m‐TPE Di‐EtP5 to form supramolecular layered polymer and precipitated out in solution, and can be efficiently applied to photocatalytic reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, trimethyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (TMe‐β‐CDx) and γ‐cyclodextrin (γ‐CDx) could dissolve a tetraphenylethylene derivative (TPE−OH4) in water through high‐speed vibration milling. The fluorescence intensity of the TMe‐β‐CDx−TPE−OH4 complex was much higher than that of the γ‐CDx−TPE−OH4 complex, as the rotation of the central C=C double bond of TPE−OH4 after photoactivation was inhibited in a smaller TMe‐β‐CDx cavity in comparison with the γ‐CDx cavity. In contrast, the fluorescence intensity of the γ‐CDx−TPE−OH4 complex was very weak; nevertheless, it increased after the addition of liposomes due to the transfer of TPE−OH4 from the γ‐CDx cavity to the lipid membrane as a "turn‐on" phenomenon. Furthermore, to apply temperature sensor, it was demonstrated that the fluorescence intensity in the liposomes depended on the phase‐transition temperature. By using the fluorescence turn‐on phenomenon, TPE−OH4 could detect the presence of HeLa cells and E. coli by fluorescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we have reported a tetraphenylethylene (TPE) based fluorescent chemosensor 4,4′,4′′,4′′′‐(ethene‐1,1,2,2‐tetrayl)tetrakis(N,N‐dimethylaniline) (TPE‐DMA) for the selective detection of explosive nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), such as 2, 4, 6‐trinitrophenol also called as picric acid (PA), 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), and p‐nitrophenol (NP) over other NACs in CHCl3. TPE‐DMA is highly selective and sensitive toward PA in presence of various metal ions and anions. The quenching efficiency can be calculated from the Stern‐Volmer equation and was found to be 4.02×104 M−1, 1.82×104 M−1and 3.12×104 M−1 respectively for PA, DNP and NP. The detection limit of TPE‐DMA towards PA, DNP and NP of about 4.088×10−6 M, 5.155×10−6 M and 3.989×10−6 M respectively. Furthermore, to study the practical applicability of TPE‐DMA, visual‐eye detection was performed not only in solid‐state on TLC plates but also in solution state in CHCl3 under visible light as well as UV light illumination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pair of chiral, emissive and porous tubular multi-functional organic molecular cages were synthesized easily by imine chemistry of 4,4′,4′′,4′′′-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)-tetrabenzaldehyde (ETTBA) with (R,R)- or (S,S)-diaminocyclohexane (CHDA). It was found that the chirality of CHDA was transferred and amplified to tetraphenylethylene (TPE) in the process of formation of cages, which further endowed the cages with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) characteristics. As a result of the synergy of the chirality and porous structure in the solid state, both cages exhibited a good chiral adsorption enantioselectivity to a series of aromatic racemates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review addresses the latest advancements in the integration of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) materials with polymer electrospinning, to accomplish fine‐scale electrospun fibers with tunable photophysical and photochemical properties. Micro‐ and nanoscale fibers augmented with AIE dyes (termed AIEgens) are bespoke composite systems that can overcome the limitation posed by aggregation‐caused quenching, a critical deficiency of conventional luminescent materials. This review comprises three parts. First, the reader is exposed to the basic concepts of AIE and the fundamental mechanisms underpinning the restriction of intermolecular motions. This is followed by an introduction to electrospinning techniques pertinent to AIE‐based fibers, and the core parameters for controlling fiber architecture and resultant properties. Second, exemplars are drawn from latest research to demonstrate how electrospun nanofibers and porous films incorporating modified AIEgens (especially tetraphenylethylene and triphenylamine derivatives) can yield enhanced photostability, photothermal properties, photoefficiency (quantum yield), and improved device sensitivity. Advanced applications are drawn from several promising sectors, encompassing optoelectronics, drug delivery and biology, chemosensors and mechanochromic sensors, and innovative photothermal devices, among others. Finally, the outstanding challenges together with potential opportunities in the nascent field of electrospun AIE‐active fibers are presented, for stimulating frontier research and explorations in this exciting field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creating conjugated macrocycles has attracted extensive research interest because their unique chemical and physical properties, such as conformational flexibility, intrinsic inner cavities and aromaticity/antiaromaticity, make these systems appealing building blocks for functional supramolecular materials. Here, we report the synthesis of four-, six- and eight-membered tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based macrocycles on Ag(111) via on-surface Ullmann coupling reactions. The as-synthesized macrocycles are spontaneously segregated on the surface and self-assemble as large-area two-dimensional mono-component supramolecular crystals, as characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We propose that the synthesis benefits from the conformational flexibility of the TPE backbone in distinctive multi-step reaction pathways. This study opens up opportunities for exploring the photophysical properties of TPE-based macrocycles. On-surface synthesis is a useful tool to produce extended macrocyclic structures with atomic precision, with only one type of macrocycle typically formed through on-surface coupling reactions. Here, distinct domains of four-, six- and eight-membered tetraphenylethylene-based macrocycles are synthesized on Ag(111) as segregated large-area mono-component crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic emissive materials in aqueous media have received much attention owing to their ease of preparation, tunable luminescence and environmental friendliness. However, hydrophobic fluorophores usually suffer from aggregation-caused quenching in water. In this work, we constructed an artificial light-harvesting system by using a non-covalent aggregation-induced emission dimer as antenna and energy donor. The dimer is quadruple hydrogen bonded from a ureidopyrimidinone derivative (M) containing a tetraphenylethylene group. The dispersed nano-assemblies based on the dimer in aqueous media were fabricated with the help of surfactant. By loading a hydrophobic acceptor molecule DBT into the nano-assemblies, man-made light-harvesting nanoparticles were fabricated, showing considerable energy transfer efficiency and a relatively high antenna effect. Additionally, the fluorescence color of the system can be gradually tuned by varying the content of the acceptors. This study provides a general way for the construction of an aqueous light-harvesting system based on a supramolecular dimer, which is important for potential application in luminescent materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules have been widely utilized for fluorescence imaging in many biomedical applications, benefited from large Stokes shift, high quantum yield, good biocompatibility, and resistance to photobleaching. And visualization of mitochondria is almost investigated in vitro and ex vivo, but in vivo study of mitochondria is more essential for systematic biological research, especially during embryogenesis. Therefore, suitable and time-saving alternatives with simple operation based on AIE molecules are urgently needed compared with traditional transgenic approach.Procedures: Five tetraphenylethylene isoquinolinium (TPE-IQ)-based molecules with AIE characteristics and their ability of mitochondrial visualization in vitro and in vivo and mitochondrial tracking during embryogenesis on zebrafish model were investigated. The biosafety of these AIE molecules was also evaluated systematically in vitro and in vivo.Results: All these five AIE molecules could image mitochondria in vitro with good biocompatibility. In them, TPE-IQ1 exhibited excellent imaging quality for in vivo visualization and tracking of mitochondria during the 4-day embryogenesis in zebrafish, in comparison with the conventional transgenic fluorescent protein. Furthermore, TPE-IQ1 could visualize mitochondrial damage induced by chemicals in real time on 24-h post fertilization (hpf) embryos.Conclusions: This study indicated TPE-IQ-based AIE molecules had the potential for mitochondrial imaging and tracking during embryogenesis and mitochondrial damage visualization in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted Passerini-type multicomponent polymerizations (P-MCPs) with various monomers and afforded a series of functional poly(carbamoyl ester)s (PCEs). We demonstrated an efficient, diverse, and facile approach through P-MCPs to produce these novel PCEs with dual-cleavable linkages of ester and disulfide groups and the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen tetraphenylethylene (TPE). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the two example rare earth‐based metal‐organic frameworks (LaIII‐based MOFs), Eu‐ETTB and Gd‐ETTB, were obtained by self‐assembly. Both materials showed extremely high proton conductivity, with the proton conductivity of Eu‐ETTB being 1.53×10−2 S cm−1 at 98 % relative humidity (RH) and 85 °C and that of Gd‐ETTB being 2.63×10−2 S cm−1 at 98 % RH and 75 °C. This was almost the best performance observed for three‐dimensional porous MOFs without post‐synthetic modification and was based on milder conditions than for most materials. Furthermore, cycle test experiments and continuous work tests showed that both materials had excellent performance both in terms of stability and durability. Water vapor adsorption experiments showed that a large number of water molecules are adsorbed the hydrogen‐bond network's being rebuilt by the adsorbed water molecules in the pore channel and thus optimizing the channels for proton transfer explained the MOF's high performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By designing a tetraphenylethylene (TPE)‐based AIEgen‐ligand with reduced symmetry, we obtained two alkaline‐earth metal‐based MOFs (LIFM‐102 and LIFM‐103) with dense packing structures and low porosity as proved by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and CO2 sorption data. Excitingly, the desolvated MOFs with rigid environment and reduced lattice free solvent exhibit high quantum yields (QY, 64.9 % and 79.4 %) and excellent two‐photon excited photoluminescence (TPA cross‐sections, 2946.6 GM and 2899.0 GM), while maintaining the external‐stimuli‐responsive properties suitable for anticounterfeit fields. The effect of ligand conformation was validated by comparing the structure and fluorescence properties of the samples before and after desolvation and further verified by theoretical calculations. This work expands the study on TPE‐cored materials to symmetry‐reduced ligand and might bring forward novel structures and excellent photoluminescent properties in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By designing a tetraphenylethylene (TPE)‐based AIEgen‐ligand with reduced symmetry, we obtained two alkaline‐earth metal‐based MOFs (LIFM‐102 and LIFM‐103) with dense packing structures and low porosity as proved by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and CO2 sorption data. Excitingly, the desolvated MOFs with rigid environment and reduced lattice free solvent exhibit high quantum yields (QY, 64.9 % and 79.4 %) and excellent two‐photon excited photoluminescence (TPA cross‐sections, 2946.6 GM and 2899.0 GM), while maintaining the external‐stimuli‐responsive properties suitable for anticounterfeit fields. The effect of ligand conformation was validated by comparing the structure and fluorescence properties of the samples before and after desolvation and further verified by theoretical calculations. This work expands the study on TPE‐cored materials to symmetry‐reduced ligand and might bring forward novel structures and excellent photoluminescent properties in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two kinds of AIE-active fluorescent organic nanoparticles were designed and constructed as anti-counterfeiting photoresponsive materials. One is fluorescent organic nanoparticles (TPELs) based on a self-assembly strategy, which were self-assembled from novel amphiphilic tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecules decorated with a lactose moiety and different photoresponsive tags. The other is polymeric fluorescent organic nanoparticles (F-TPEs) derived from the nanoprecipitation strategy, which utilized pluronic copolymer F127 to encapsulate hydrophobic TPEs without lactosyl modifications. Upon UV light irradiation, these AIE-active materials exhibit different photooxidation behaviors in an aqueous solution to give cyan, orange and green fluorescence emissions, and they were successfully used as an anti-counterfeiting fluorescent hydrogel and ink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A technique is described to compute topological indices for supramolecular rosettes of tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and terpyridine (TPY) ligands with its applications on physicochemical and biological properties. This technique, we have applied to a self‐assembled TPE and TPY supramolecular graphs which is obtained in the form of rosette cycles. Also these type of rosettes graph finds significant applications in electrical sensors, light emitting diodes, bioimaging and photoelectric devices, and so forth. As regarded to the next generation sensing applications with a typical induced aggregative emission behavior, tetraphenylethylene can be utilized in constructing fluorescent probes. For this supramolecular systems we have done a work by computing some topological indices such as the variants of Zagreb Index, Randić Index, Sum Connectivity Index, ABC Index, and Harmonic Index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proposed concept of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) has offered an efficient strategy to design high‐performance luminescent materials. Herein, three blue emitters containing a pyrene core decorated with either triphenylamine or tetraphenylethylene units are presented. The designed compounds Py‐TPA and Py‐2TPE are AIE or active materials with blue emission from 464 to 478 nm in the solid state, whereas Py‐2TPA is not. Moreover, the enhanced thermal stability of compounds Py‐TPA and Py‐2TPE allows for their utilization as emitter layers for the fabrication of blue organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices. The devices exhibit excellent electroluminescence emission with maximum λmax em in the range 456–482 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 7.27%, high exciton utilization efficiency (77.3%), and low turn‐on voltage (≤3.1 V), as well as low‐efficiency roll‐off. Theoretical calculations reveal that the high exciton utilization efficiency (ƞr) originates from the triplet excitons at T2 to the lowest single excited (S1) state via a reverse intersystem crossing process following the principle of the "hot exciton" mechanism. This article not only provides powerful evidence revealing the advantages of pyrene‐based AIEgens for OLED applications, but also offers a new approach for designing pyrene‐based "hot exciton" materials for next‐generation OLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a general approach for the achievement of optical sensors, where ammonia can be rapidly identified and detected through visible fluorescence changes. Here, a tetraphenylethylene derivative with carboxyl groups named TPE-2CA (4,4ʹ-(1,2-Diphenylethene-1,2-diyl) dibenzoyl acid) was applied in the sensor. The AIE (aggregation-induced emission) property of tetraphenylethylene structure provides the samples with excellent luminescent performance in aggregated state. The reaction between carboxyl groups and ammonia causes the shifts on luminescence spectra of the samples. Consequently, different ammonia concentrations can be measured by the time required for luminescent peak blue shifts of samples. Furthermore, we also succeed in growing TPE-2CA micro-spindle structured particles, which nanoparticle structure was instrumental in the miniaturisation and integration of future sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zn2+ and Cu2+ related to transition metal ions present in foods play essential roles in the health of human and animal metabolism. However, the excess of these ions contaminates foods and causes many kinds of diseases. In recent years, designing chemosensors for detection of the two targets has been widespread but is still a great challenge for practical application. In this study, by reducing expenses, simplifying analytical procedures, and enabling multifunctions, a functional chemosensor was proposed by using tetraphenylethylene derivative (H4tcbpe) which could selectively and sensitively response to Zn2+ and Cu2+. H4tcbpe can be used to detect Zn2+ with fluorescence enhancement based on aggregation induced emission effect, while fluorescence of H4tcbpe can be quenched by Cu2+ due to the disassembly of H4tcbpe aggregates in a solvent/nonsolvent binary mixture of EtOH and H2O. Fluorophotometry, UV-Vis, and SEM were used to characterize behavior of the fluorescence sensor. In this work, the detection in liquid solutions was conducted, and a fluorescent test pen for the assay of Zn2+ and Cu2+ on a piece of filter paper was fabricated. The proposed fluorescent test pen contained H4tcbpe as a "fluorescent probe ink" and made it possible to write words on the area of a filter paper spiked with solutions with different concentrations of Zn2+ and Cu2+. The detection limits for Zn2+ and Cu2+ are 43 nM and 0.5 μM, respectively. This fluorescent sensor was applied to sense ions in black fungus samples. The proposed sensor could successfully detect Zn2+ and Cu2+, and the results were in agreement with the data from inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, which indicated the reliability of the proposed sensor for applications in the real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two tetraphenylethylene-based fluorescent conjugated microporous polymers (TTTPT and TTDAT) were obtained by the Friedel−Crafts polymerization reactions catalysed by CH3SO3H. In virtue of containing tetraphenylethylene, triphenylamine and s-triazine units in their porous skeletons, the resulting TTTPT and TTDAT show excellent fluorescence sensing performance for trinitrophenol (TNP) with high quenching coefficients of 1.66 × 104 and 1.31 × 105 l mol–1, respectively. TTDAT can also sense to dinitrophenol (DNP) with the Ksv of 2.70 × 104 l mol–1. The fluorescent quenching mechanisms of TTTPT and TTDAT for selective detecting TNP attribute to conventional photoinduced electron-transfer mechanism, absorption competition quenching mechanism and/or the resonant energy transfer mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The past one hundred years have witnessed the great development of polymer science. The advancement of polymer science is closely related with the development of characterization techniques and methods, from viscometry in molecular weight determination to advanced techniques including differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscopy. However, these techniques are normally constrained to tedious sample preparation, high costs, harsh experimental conditions, or ex situ characterization. Fluorescence technology has the merits of high sensitivity and direct visualization. Contrary to conventional aggregation‐causing quenching fluorophores, those dyes with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics show high emission efficiency in aggregate states. Based on the restriction of intramolecular motions for AIE properties, the AIE materials are very sensitive to the surrounding microenvironments owing to the twisted propeller‐like structures and therefore offer great potential in the study of polymers. The AIE concept has been successfully used in polymer science and provides a deeper understanding on polymer structure and properties. In this review, the applications of AIEgens in polymer science for visualizing polymerization, glass transition, dissolution, crystallization, gelation, self‐assembly, phase separation, cracking, and self‐healing are exemplified and summarized. Lastly, the challenges and perspectives in the study of polymer science using AIEgens are addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]