1. Plant foods, healthy plant-based diets, and type 2 diabetes: a review of the evidence.
- Author
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Jiménez, Mariana del Carmen Fernández-Fígares
- Subjects
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IRON , *IRON in the body , *ANTI-inflammatory agents , *DIETARY patterns , *BODY mass index , *ADIPOSE tissues , *EGGS , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *DISEASE management , *PANCREATIC beta cells , *DAIRY products , *PHYTIC acid , *GLUCAGON-like peptide 1 , *DIABETIC nephropathies , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors , *FOOD animals , *MEAT , *FISHES , *PHYTOCHEMICALS , *EDIBLE plants , *VEGETARIANISM , *INSULIN resistance , *BLOOD sugar , *ENDOTOXEMIA , *INOSITOL , *PLANT-based diet , *TYPE 2 diabetes , *ADVANCED glycation end-products , *BRANCHED chain amino acids , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *WESTERN diet , *DIETARY proteins , *OBESITY , *PLANT proteins , *SATURATED fatty acids , *DISEASE risk factors , *DISEASE complications - Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic chronic disease in which insulin resistance and insufficient insulin production lead to elevated blood glucose levels. The prevalence of T2D is growing worldwide, mainly due to obesity and the adoption of Western diets. Replacing animal foods with healthy plant foods is associated with a lower risk of T2D in prospective studies. In randomized controlled trials, the consumption of healthy plant foods in place of animal foods led to cardiometabolic improvements in patients with T2D or who were at high risk of the disease. Dietary patterns that limit or exclude animal foods and focus on healthy plant foods (eg, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes), known as healthy, plant-based diets, are consistently associated with a lower risk of T2D in cohort studies. The aim of this review is to examine the differential effects of plant foods and animal foods on T2D risk and to describe the existing literature about the role of healthy, plant-based diets, particularly healthy vegan diets, in T2D prevention and management. The evidence from cohort studies and randomized controlled trials will be reported, in addition to the potential biological mechanisms that seem to be involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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