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This paper follows the results of an experimental testing programme on steel beam-to-column end-plate connections on scale 1:1, realized in 2014. After a seismic movement, connections are the important parts of a structure that may carry permanent damage. This effect is not taken into consideration by today's advanced models for fire analysis like Vulcan, Safir and other. In the first part, the deduction of the deterioration coefficient is done. In the second part the examples of fire and post-earthquake fire analysis by applying the coefficient are done. The conclusions are in terms of difference in fire resistance of the structure for the above mentioned cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines the evidence for the Domitianic ‘Arae Incendii Neroniani’, a presumed set of monumental altars dedicated to Vulcan in fulfilment of a vow dating back to the Neronian Fire of a.d. 64. A close reading of the text of the dedicatory inscription creates a framework for exploring the larger historical and cultural context of these monuments, which offer a significant illustration of Flavian rhetoric concerning Rome's post-Neronian transformation. Reaffirming Julio-Claudian notions of civic identity, collective memory, and the ruler's privileged relationship with the gods, the Arae also constitute a conspicuous form of posthumous reproach to Nero. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Although we are still in the dark when it comes to giving necessary and jointly sufficient criteria for what it takes to be thinking a singular thought, the paradigm cases are just ones where an agent is thinking about some particular object. When we erroneously think that Vulcan is a planet, our thought appears to be singular since it is, after all, about Vulcan. A promising way to explain this is to claim that there is something, a merely hypothetical entity, that is Vulcan. There have been notable supporters for positing hypothetical entities for some time now, but the account of how we create hypothetical entities is still underdeveloped. In fact, we face a puzzle if we assume: (1) hypothetical entities are created by us; (2) we create a given hypothetical entity only when we falsely hypothesize something to be the unique F; (3) we create the hypothetical entity long before we learn that there is no unique F. How can we possibly manage to conditionally and unknowingly create some entity when there is no unique F? In showing how this is possible, it will become clear that we have good reason for preferring a view that posits hypothetical entities over the alternative ways of accounting for our apparently singular thoughts about Vulcan, Pegasus, the Fountain of Youth, and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many who think that some abstracta are artefacts are fictional creationists, asserting that fictional characters are brought about by our activities. Kripke (1973), Salmon (1998, 2002), and Braun (2005) further embrace mythical creationism, claiming that certain entities that figure in false theories, such as phlogiston or Vulcan, are likewise abstracta produced by our intentional activities. I here argue that one may not reasonably take the metaphysical route travelled by the mythical creationist. Even if one holds that fictional characters are artefact one ought not further hold that mythical objects are, too. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The aim of this paper is to study the episode of Aeneid 8 in which Venus asks Vulcan to make an armour for Aeneas. In particular, we are interested in investigating the intertextual relationships which it bears to four passages of the epic tradition: Iliad 18, Iliad 14, Odyssey 8 and Lucretius' proem to De rerum natura. The analysis of Virgilian imitatio contributes to the study of the complexity of Venus' character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the aspect of a direct-reference account of the meaning of empty names. According to the direct-reference theory, the sentence with empty names such as Vulcan is the tenth planet, having no meaning and the propositions expressed are incomplete. The authors cite that the pragmatic component of their view enables them to handle what looks like a strong objection to their claim that sentence with empty names are neither true or false. Additionally, the authors show that their view works despite Nancy Green's suggestion to the contrary and briefly sketch an account relative to Paul Grice mechanisms.

This article provides answers on the criticisms regarding the implicature defense of the direct reference position on empty names. According to the author, the critique makes incorrect predictions about the behavior of the putative implicata under conditions that would normally cancel them. The critique also incorrectly predicts that attempt to cancel the putative implicata would generate a form of pragmatic absurdity. In addition, the prediction that utterance of negative existential such as Vulcan does not exist commit the speaker to the existence of Vulcan.

Examines the emotional and historical climax in the earlier part of the Book 8 of Virgil's "Aeneid" in which Venus, the alma mater of the Roman race and divine ancestress of the Julia gens, supplicates her husband Vulcan in their golden bedchamber in order to obtain weapons worthy of her son. Nature of the strange simile and its open-endedness as a creator of meaning regarding Vulcan's readiness to accomplish the task set on him; Richness and density of the meanings of the scene's intertextual as well as intratextual layering; Sexual appeal of Venus that carries her eroticism.

The desC gene for the acyl-lipid Δ9-desaturase from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus was introduced into Nicotiana tabacum under control of the 35S promoter. Expression of the desaturase was confirmed by Western blotting. Lipid analysis revealed that lipid content and the extent of fatty acid unsaturation significantly increased in leaves of transgenic plants. Chilling tolerance of those plants also increased, as estimated by the electrolyte leakage from the tissues damaged by cold treatments. Seeds of plants that expressed the desC gene imbibed at low temperatures demonstrated higher chilling tolerance than those of the control plants. The results demonstrate that the cyanobacterial thermophilic acyl-lipid desaturase was efficiently expressed in tobacco at ambient temperatures, and its expression resulted in the enhanced chilling tolerance of the transgenic plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the references made of the author of "The Newe Metamorphocis" to young women having premarital intercourse with other than their husbands as being a "buttered bun." Oxford English Dictionary cites a 1690 meaning of the word "butterwomen" as "a harlot, a mistress." The author claims that Vulcan of all the Gods had free consent to marry Venus, the nuptials being attended by them on Cytheron hill.