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Anaferon and pediatric anaferon based on release-active antibodies to interferon-gamma (R-A antibodies to INF-gamma) proved to be efficient in the treatment of many viral infections. Immunomodulating (immunotropic) properties of the drugs were revealed in the preclinical studies at many Russian and foreign research medical institutions and are reviewed herein. Anaferon and pediatric anaferon stimulated the humoral and cellular immune responses and increased the neutrophil and macrophage activity. The crucial mechanism of the immunotropic action of R-A antibodies to INF-gamma was the effect on the system of interferons and in particular on INF-gamma and functionally conjugated cytokines, resulting in normalization of the functional activity of the innate factors of the immune defense and increasing of the antiviral action. The broad spectrum of the immunotropic activity provided the success of anaferon and anaferon pediatric for more than 10 years in the treatment and prophylaxis of the diseases associated with disorders in the immune system functional state.

A pilot study evaluated the efficacy of the drug afalaza (mixture of affinity purified antibodies to PSA and endothelial NO-synthase) compared with the Serenoa repens extract in a model of chronic abacterial prostatitis in Wistar rats caused by suturing of prostate tissue by silk thread. Except for the animals of intact group, rats (n = 13 in each group) underwent intraperitoneal injection of distilled water (10 ml/kg), afalaza (at a doses of 5, 7.5 and 10 ml/kg) or an Serenoa repens extract (50 mg/kg) 1 month after surgery for 45 days. After infusion, the mass, volume, and prostate weighting factor were evaluated, and prostate tissue was examined histologically. 2.5 months after surgery, development of chronic abacterial prostatitis was observed in the control group. Compared with intact group, significant increase in weight, weighting factor, and volume of prostate were detected in control group. Against the background of administration of Serenoa repens extract and afalaza, these parameters were not significantly different from control values. The use of Serenoa repens extract prevented the development of atrophic processes and slowed the development of sclerotic processes. Administration of afalaza at all studied doses prevented the development of sclerotic changes, and a dose of 7.5 ml/kg prevented the development of atrophic processes with the effectiveness matching to Serenoa repens extract. Taking into account the high safety of afalaza, this drug is a promising treatment for chronic prostatitis.

The effects of kardostin on the ovulatory cycle, conception, and sexual behavior of female rats have been experimentally studied. It is established that a two-week therapy with kardostin at a dose of 5 and 15 mg/kg changed phases of the estrous cycle (with the estrus phase being most prevalent) and led to ambiguous changes in the sexual behavior of female rats (a dose of 5 mg/kg increased sexual behavior, while a dose of 15 mg/kg inhibited it), activated fertility, and improved the quality of conception.