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Background/Aim: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging method used in the examination of superficial tissues in ophthalmology, cardiology, dermatology and dentistry. It can provide high resolution microscopic images and uses infrared light. OCT was used as an auxiliary diagnostic imaging method in this study. Material and Methods: Ex vivo samples of arteriovenous malformation, odontogenic keratocyst, peripheral giant cell granuloma, pyogenic granuloma, irritation fibroma were evaluated with Swept-source OCT. The following features of altered layers were identified from OCT images: (1) irregularity, (2) fragmentation, (3) rupture, (4) interruption, (5) depression, (6) elevation, (7) thinning, (8) thickening, (9) homogeneity (10) hyperreflectivity, (11) continuity of the layers. 3D images were observed both horizontal and vertical planes. Histopathological features were compared. Results: The OCT examination of the tissues allowed to establish clear identification of the stratified squamous epithelium, lamina propria (LP) and basement membrane boundary. The darker appearance of the epithelium is directly related to its lower optical density and scattering properties, which, in turn, result in lower signal intensity. Lamina propria was observed as an hyperreflective layer and appears brighter. Continuity of the layers were well observed. Conclusions: OCT is a non-invasive and promising modality which can be used as an additional method to evaluate the characteristics of surface layers and dysplastic features of the intraoral lesions.

Introduction: ChatGPT has the ability to generate human-like text, analyze and understand medical images using natural Language processing (NLP) algorithms. It can generate real-time diagnosis and recognize patterns and learn from previous cases to improve accuracy by combining patient history, symptoms, and image characteristics. It has been used recently for learning about maxillofacial diseases, writing and translating radiology reports, and identifying anatomical landmarks, among other things., (This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Barodontalgia, barometric pressure-induced dental pain, may occur during hyperbaric oxygen(HBO 2 ) therapy due to pressure changes. This case report presents an 8-year-old male patient with barodontalgia. The patient declared a severe toothache during HBO 2 therapy. The diving medicine specialist referred the patient to the dental clinician immediately. On clinical examination, the pain was thought to be caused by caries lesions of the deciduous teeth in the left maxillary molar region. Tooth extraction was suggested. After extraction, the patient continued hyperbaric oxygen therapy sessions without any pain. The patient was recommended for an intraoral and radiographic examination session one week after the extraction. In conclusion, caries lesions and faulty restorations should be examined before hyperbaric oxygen therapy sessions. Even though barodontalgia is a rare phenomenon, dental examination is essential to avoid these kinds of pain-related complications. All carious lesions and defective restorations must be treated, if necessary. Removal of faulty restorations and management of inflammation as part of the treatment is suggested before exposure to pressure changes., Competing Interests: The authors of this paper declare no conflicts of interest exist with this submission., (Copyright© Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society.)

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by uncontrolled blood sugar levels, which lead to end-organ damage. While the diagnosis and treatment of its complications have been extensively studied, the effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO 2 ) on diabetes-related oral complications remains unexplored., Aim: This prospective clinical study aims to investigate the effect of HBO 2 on diabetes-related oral complications., Methods: Twenty patients diagnosed with diabetic foot ulcers and scheduled for HBO 2 were included in this study. We recorded stimulated and unstimulated saliva pH, buffering capacity, flow rate, and subjective symptoms such as dry mouth, halitosis, taste loss, difficulty swallowing, and clinical examination findings before HBO 2 and after the 21st session., Results: Upon comparing the findings, we observed a significant decrease in dry mouth and halitosis, periodontal disease severity, and healing of candida-related stomatitis and angular cheilitis. Despite not reaching statistical significance for other saliva parameters, the unstimulated salivary flow rate increased to normal limits (0.3-0.4 ml/min) in 6 out of 8 patients with a flow rate of less than 0.25 ml/min., Conclusion: Our study investigated the effect of HBO 2 on diabetes-related oral complications for the first time, highlighting symptomatic relief for dry mouth and halitosis. Although our results are insufficient to report a definitive benefit, they underscore the need for further research on the oral health effects of HBO 2 ., Competing Interests: The authors of this paper declare no conflicts of interest exist with this submission., (Copyright© Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society.)