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In this study, the relation between hypertrophic scar and keloid (HSc) lesions around incisions and late neurologic deficits was investigated in operated elbow fractures in children. Six elbow fracture patients with HSc lesions were evaluated for neurologic deficits with late onset. The fractures were all closed and treated with open reduction and internal fixation. No neurologic deficit was detected before surgery and in the early postoperative periods. Late neurologic deficits observed in these patients were evaluated according to British Medical Research Committee scoring scale on admission and after therapy. In the reoperations for neurologic deficits, the nerve segments were found to be compressed in intensive scar tissue. Typical pseudoneuromas were observed in the proximal part of compression; however, the corporal integrity of the nerves was not interrupted. External neurolysis were performed in all patients. Excellent improvements in sensory and motor functions were detected and no recurrence occurred in follow-up. Elbow fracture patients, especially those with HSc lesions around their incisions, should be followed up for possible neurologic deficits with late onset.