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34 results on '"Özkara, Cigdem"'

3. Individualised prediction of drug resistance and seizure recurrence after medication withdrawal in people with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Stevelink, Remi, Al-Toma, Dania, Jansen, Floor E., Lamberink, Herm J., Asadi-Pooya, Ali A., Farazdaghi, Mohsen, Cação, Gonçalo, Jayalakshmi, Sita, Patil, Anuja, Özkara, Çiğdem, Aydın, Şenay, Gesche, Joanna, Beier, Christoph P., Stephen, Linda J., Brodie, Martin J., Unnithan, Gopeekrishnan, Radhakrishnan, Ashalatha, Höfler, Julia, Trinka, Eugen, Krause, Roland, Irelli, Emanuele Cerulli, Di Bonaventura, Carlo, Szaflarski, Jerzy P., Hernández-Vanegas, Laura E., Moya-Alfaro, Monica L., Zhang, Yingying, Zhou, Dong, Pietrafusa, Nicola, Specchio, Nicola, Japaridze, Giorgi, Beniczky, Sándor, Janmohamed, Mubeen, Kwan, Patrick, Syvertsen, Marte, Selmer, Kaja K., Vorderwülbecke, Bernd J., Holtkamp, Martin, Viswanathan, Lakshminarayanapuram G., Sinha, Sanjib, Baykan, Betül, Altindag, Ebru, von Podewils, Felix, Schulz, Juliane, Seneviratne, Udaya, Viloria-Alebesque, Alejandro, Karakis, Ioannis, D'Souza, Wendyl J., Sander, Josemir W., Koeleman, Bobby P.C., Otte, Willem M., and Braun, Kees P.J.

Published
2022
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5. Seizure outcome and use of antiepileptic drugs after epilepsy surgery according to histopathological diagnosis: a retrospective multicentre cohort study

Author

Aichholzer, Martin, Amorim, Isabel, Aparicio, Javier, Aronica, Eleonora, Arzimanoglou, Alexis, Barba, Carmen, Beck, Jürgen, Becker, Albert, Beckervordersandforth, Jan C, Bien, Christian G, Blümcke, Ingmar, Bodi, Istvan, Braun, Kees PJ, Catenoix, Helene, Chassoux, Francine, Chipaux, Mathilde, Cloppenborg, Thomas, Coras, Roland, Cross, J Helen, De Palma, Luca, De Tisi, Jane, Deleo, Francesco, Devaux, Bertrand, Di Gennaro, Giancarlo, Dorfmüller, Georg, Duncan, John S, Elger, Christian, Ernst, Katharina, Esposito, Vincenzo, Feucht, Martha, Gadze, Zeljka Petelin, Garbelli, Rita, Geleijns, Karin, Gil-Nagel, Antonio, Grote, Alexander, Grunwald, Thomas, Guerrini, Renzo, Hamer, Hajo, Honavar, Mrinalini, Jacques, Thomas S, Jakovcevic, Antonia, Jutila, Leena, Kalina, Adam, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Klein, Karl Martin, Koenig, Kristina, Krsek, Pavel, Kudernatsch, Manfred, Kudr, Martin, Lamberink, Herm J, Malmgren, Kristina, Marusic, Petr, Melikyan, Armen, Menzler, Katja, Noachtar, Soheyl, Otte, Willem M, Özkara, Çiğdem, Pieper, Tom, Pimentel, Jose, Raicevic, Savo, Rheims, Sylvain, Ribeiro, Joana, Rosenow, Felix, Rössler, Karl, Rydenhag, Bertil, Sales, Francisco, San Antonio-Arce, Victoria, Schaller, Karl Lothar, Schijns, Olaf, Scholl, Theresa, Schramm, Johannes, Schulze-Bonhage, Andreas, Sciot, Raf, Seeck, Margitta, Shishkina, Lyudmila, Sokic, Dragoslav, Specchio, Nicola, Theys, Tom, Thom, Maria, Delgado, Rafael Toledano, Toulouse, Joseph, Uzan, Mustafa, van Loon, Johannes, Van Paesschen, Wim, von Oertzen, Tim J, Jansen, Floor, Leijten, Frans, van Rijen, Peter, Spliet, Wim GM, Mühlebner, Angelika, Kasper, Burkhard S, Fauser, Susanne, Polster, Tilman, Kalbhenn, Thilo, Delev, Daniel, McEvoy, Andrew, Miserocchi, Anna, Landré, Elisabeth, Turak, Bares, Varlet, Pascale, Ferrand-Sorbets, Sarah, Fohlen, Martine, Bulteau, Christine, Edelvik, Anna, Shah, Mukesch J, Scheiwe, Christian, Delicado, Eva Gutierrez, Tisdall, Martin, Eltze, Christin, Akkol, Serdar, Deniz, Kaancan, Oz, Buge, Holthausen, Hans, Hartlieb, Till, Staudt, Martin, Casciato, Sara, Quarato, Pier P, Giangaspero, Felice, Streichenberger, Nathalie, Guenot, Marc, Isnard, Jean, Valentijn, Antonio, Chang, Amanda, Mullatti, Nandini, Zamecnik, Josef, Zarubova, Jana, Tomasek, Martin, Immonen, Arto, Saarela, Anni, Rauramaa, Tuomas, Lobrinus, Johannes A, Egervari, Kristof, Momjian, Shahan, Harti, Elisabeth, Lohr, Hannah, Kroell, Judith, Vermeulen, Lynn, Cleeren, Evy, Vlasov, Pavel, Kozlova, Antonia, Vorobyev, Alexey, Goeppel, Gudrun, Samueli, Sharon, Czech, Thomas, Hainfellner, Johannes, Puttinger, Gertraud, Schwarz, Gabriele, Stefanits, Harald, Weis, Serge, Spreafico, Roberto, Villani, Flavio, Rossini, Laura, Hermsen, Anke, Knake, Susanne, Nimsky, Christopher, Carl, Barbara, Belohlavkova, Anezka, Benova, Barbora, Bisschop, Jeroen, Colon, Albert, van Kranen-Mastenbroek, Vivianne, Rouhl, Rob PW, Hoogland, Govert, Rumiá, Jordi, Ramírez-Camacho, Alia, Candela-Cantó, Santiago, Ostrowsky-Coste, Karine, Panagiotakaki, Eleni, Montavont, Alexandra, Kosal, Pascale Keo, Gokce-Samar, Zeynep, Milleret, Clara, Buccoliero, Anna M, Giordano, Flavio, Sulentic, Vlatko, Mrak, Goran, Desnica, Andrej, CarfíPavia, Giusy, De Benedictis, Alessandro, Marras, Carlo E, Bascarevic, Vladimir, Vojvodic, Nikola, Ristic, Aleksandar, Rebelo, Olinda, Aledo-Serrano, Angel, Garcia-Morales, Irene, Anciones, Carla, and Braun, Kees P J

Published
2020
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9. Cavernoma‐related epilepsy: Review and recommendations for management—Report of the Surgical Task Force of the ILAE Commission on Therapeutic Strategies

Author

Rosenow, Felix, Alonso‐Vanegas, Mario A, Baumgartner, Christoph, Blümcke, Ingmar, Carreño, Maria, Gizewski, Elke R, Hamer, Hajo M, Knake, Susanne, Kahane, Philippe, Lüders, Hans O, Mathern, Gary W, Menzler, Katja, Miller, Jonathan, Otsuki, Taisuke, Özkara, Cigdem, Pitkänen, Asla, Roper, Steven N, Sakamoto, Americo C, Sure, Ulrich, Walker, Matthew C, Steinhoff, Bernhard J, and Force, Commission on Therapeutic Strategies of the ILAE The Surgical Task

Subjects
Epilepsy, Neurodegenerative, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Neurological, Anticonvulsants, Brain, Brain Neoplasms, Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System, Humans, Neuroimaging, Risk Factors, Cavernous hemangioma, Epilepsy surgery, Etiology, Risk factors, Outcome, Surgical Task Force, Commission on Therapeutic Strategies of the ILAE, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are well-defined, mostly singular lesions present in 0.4-0.9% of the population. Epileptic seizures are the most frequent symptom in patients with CCMs and have a great impact on social function and quality of life. However, patients with CCM-related epilepsy (CRE) who undergo surgical resection achieve postoperative seizure freedom in only about 75% of cases. This is frequently because insufficient efforts are made to adequately define and resect the epileptogenic zone. The Surgical Task Force of the Commission on Therapeutics of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and invited experts reviewed the pertinent literature on CRE. Definitions of definitive and probable CRE are suggested, and recommendations regarding the diagnostic evaluation and etiology-specific management of patients with CRE are made. Prospective trials are needed to determine when and how surgery should be done and to define the relations of the hemosiderin rim to the epileptogenic zone.

Published
2013

13. Current practices in long-term video-EEG monitoring services: A survey among partners of the E-PILEPSY pilot network of reference for refractory epilepsy and epilepsy surgery

Author

Kobulashvili, Teia, Höfler, Julia, Dobesberger, Judith, Ernst, Florian, Ryvlin, Philippe, Cross, J Helen, Braun, Kees, Dimova, Petia, Francione, Stefano, Hecimovic, Hrvoje, Helmstaedter, Christoph, Kimiskidis, Vasilios K., Lossius, Morten Ingvar, Malmgren, Kristina, Marusic, Petr, Steinhoff, Bernhard J., Boon, Paul, Craiu, Dana, Delanty, Norman, Fabo, Daniel, Gil-Nagel, Antonio, Guekht, Alla, Hirsch, Edouard, Kalviainen, Reetta, Mameniskiené, Ruta, Özkara, Çiğdem, Seeck, Margitta, Rubboli, Guido, Krsek, Pavel, Rheims, Sylvain, and Trinka, Eugen

Published
2016
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16. Histopathological Findings in Brain Tissue Obtained during Epilepsy Surgery

Author

Blumcke, Ingmar, Spreafico, Roberto, Haaker, Gerrit, Coras, Roland, Kobow, Katja, Bien, Christian G., Pfäfflin, Margarete, Elger, Christian, Widman, Guido, Schramm, Johannes, Becker, Albert, Braun, Kees P., Leijten, Frans, Baayen, Johannes C., Aronica, Eleonora, Chassoux, Francine, Hamer, Hajo, Stefan, Hermann, Rössler, Karl, Thom, Maria, Walker, Matthew C., Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Duncan, John S., McEvoy, Andrew W., Pieper, Tom, Holthausen, Hans, Kudernatsch, Manfred, Meencke, Joachim H., Kahane, Philippe, Schulze-Bonhage, Andreas, Zentner, Josef, Heiland, Dieter H., Urbach, Horst, Steinhoff, Bernhard J., Bast, Thomas, Tassi, Laura, Lo Russo, Giorgio, Özkara, Cigdem, Oz, Buge, Krsek, Pavel, Vogelgesang, Silke, Runge, Uwe, Lerche, Holger, Weber, Yvonne, Honavar, Mrinalini, Pimentel, José, Arzimanoglou, Alexis, Ulate-Campos, Adriana, Noachtar, Soheyl, Hartl, Elisabeth, Schijns, Olaf, Guerrini, Renzo, Barba, Carmen, Jacques, Thomas S., Cross, Helen J., Feucht, Martha, Mühlebner, Angelika, Grunwald, Thomas, Trinka, Eugen, Winkler, Peter A., Gil-Nagel, Antonio, Delgado, Rafael Toledano, Mayer, Thomas, Lutz, Martin, Zountsas, Basilios, Garganis, Kyriakos, Rosenow, Felix, Hermsen, Anke, von Oertzen, Tim J., Diepgen, Thomas L., and Avanzini, Giuliano

Published
2017
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17. Memory Assessment Clinics Scale for Epilepsy

Author

Miller, Margaret, primary, Honomichl, Ryan, additional, Lapin, Brittany, additional, Hogan, Thomas, additional, Thompson, Nicholas, additional, Barr, William B., additional, Friedman, Daniel, additional, Sieg, Erica, additional, Schuele, Stephan, additional, Kurtish, Selin Yagci, additional, Özkara, Cigdem, additional, Lin, Katia, additional, Wiebe, Samuel, additional, Jehi, Lara, additional, and Busch, Robyn M., additional

Published
2022
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20. Current use of imaging and electromagnetic source localization procedures in epilepsy surgery centers across Europe

Author

Mouthaan, Brian E., Rados, Matea, Barsi, Péter, Boon, Paul, Carmichael, David W., Carrette, Evelien, Craiu, Dana, Cross, Helen J., Diehl, Beate, Dimova, Petia, Fabo, Daniel, Francione, Stefano, Gaskin, Vladislav, Gil-Nagel, Antonio, Grigoreva, Elena, Guekht, Alla, Hirsch, Edouard, Hecimovic, Hrvoje, Helmstaedter, Christoph, Jung, Julien, Kalviainen, Reetta, Kelemen, Anna, Kimiskidis, Vasilios, Kobulashvili, Teia, Krsek, Pavel, Kuchukhidze, Giorgi, Larsson, Pål G., Leitinger, Markus, Lossius, Morten I., Luzin, Roman, Malmgren, Kristina, Mameniskiene, Ruta, Marusic, Petr, Metin, Baris, Özkara, Cigdem, Pecina, Hrvoje, Quesada, Carlos M., Rugg-Gunn, Fergus, Rydenhag, Bertil, Ryvlin, Philippe, Scholly, Julia, Seeck, Margitta, Staack, Anke M., Steinhoff, Bernhard J., Stepanov, Valentin, Tarta-Arsene, Oana, Trinka, Eugen, Uzan, Mustafa, Vogt, Viola L., Vos, Sjoerd B., Vulliémoz, Serge, Huiskamp, Geertjan, Leijten, Frans S. S., Van Eijsden, Pieter, and Braun, Kees P. J.

Published
2016
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21. The memory assessment clinics scale for epilepsy (MAC-E): A brief measure of subjective cognitive complaints in epilepsy.

Author

Miller, Margaret, Honomichl, Ryan, Lapin, Brittany, Hogan, Thomas, Thompson, Nicholas, Barr, William B., Friedman, Daniel, Sieg, Erica, Schuele, Stephan, Kurtish, Selin Yagci, Özkara, Cigdem, Lin, Katia, Wiebe, Samuel, Jehi, Lara, and Busch, Robyn M.

Subjects
SEMANTIC memory, ITEM response theory, EXPLORATORY factor analysis, CONFIRMATORY factor analysis, EPISODIC memory, EPILEPSY
Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct item reduction of the Memory Assessment Clinics Self-Rating Scale (MAC-S) to create a briefer measure that can be used to quickly evaluate subjective memory complaints in patients with epilepsy. Method: A total of 1333 adults with focal epilepsy completed the original 49-item MAC-S. The sample was randomly split into three subsamples, and a series of analyses (i.e. exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and item response theory analyses) was conducted to identify an alternative factor structure, with a reduced number of items. A panel of 5 neuropsychologists independently reviewed the final model to assess appropriateness of each individual item as well as the factor loadings and overall factor structure. Final factor titles were subsequently decided as a group. Results: Five factors were identified: Attention, Working Memory, Retrieval, Semantic Memory, and Episodic Memory. The length of the MAC-S was reduced from 49 to 30 items, with items being removed because they failed to load onto any of the factors substantially, or because of poor item discrimination or threshold levels. Conclusions: The Memory Assessment Clinics Scale for Epilepsy (MAC-E), is an updated, brief measure of subjective memory functioning that can be used to efficiently assess relevant, every-day memory abilities in patients with epilepsy within both clinical and research settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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23. A European questionnaire survey on epilepsy monitoring units' current practice for postoperative psychogenic nonepileptic seizures' detection

Author

Markoula, Sofia, Liampas, Andreas, Rubboli, Guido, Duncan, John, Velis, Demetrios N, Schulze-Bonhage, Andreas, Guekht, Alla, Bartholomeyczik, Karen, Tisi, Jane de, Gras, Adrien, Lossius, Morten Ingvar, Villani, Flavio, Staack, Anke Maren, Hospes, Annette, Baaijen, Johannes C., van Straaten, Elisabeth C.W., Ronner, Hanneke E., Casciato, Sara, D'Aniello, Alfredo, Mascia, Addolorata, Santos, Susana Ferrao, Bentes, Carla, Aledo-Serrano, Ángel, Gil-Nagel, Antonio, Dimova, Petia, Hećimović, Hrvoje, Özkara, Çiğdem, Malmgren, Kristina, Papacostas, Savvas, Kelemen, Anna, Reuber, Markus, Trinka, Eugen, and Ryvlin, Philippe

Published
2020
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24. The memory assessment clinics scale for epilepsy (MAC-E): A brief measure of subjective cognitive complaints in epilepsy

Author

Miller, Margaret, primary, Honomichl, Ryan, additional, Lapin, Brittany, additional, Hogan, Thomas, additional, Thompson, Nicholas, additional, Barr, William B., additional, Friedman, Daniel, additional, Sieg, Erica, additional, Schuele, Stephan, additional, Kurtish, Selin Yagci, additional, Özkara, Cigdem, additional, Lin, Katia, additional, Wiebe, Samuel, additional, Jehi, Lara, additional, and Busch, Robyn M., additional

Published
2020
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26. The Provision of Epilepsy Care across Europe

Author

Malmgren, Kristina, Flink, Roland, Guekht, Alla B., Michelucci, Roberto, Neville, Brian, Pedersen, Birthe, Pinto, Francisco, Stephani, Ulrich, and Özkara, Cigdem

Published
2003

28. Current use of imaging and electromagnetic source localization procedures in epilepsy surgery centers across Europe

Author

Mouthaan, Brian E, Rados, Matea, Barsi, Péter, Boon, Paul, Carmichael, David W, Carrette, Evelien, Craiu, Dana, Cross, J Helen, Diehl, Beate, Dimova, Petia, Fabo, Daniel, Francione, Stefano, Gaskin, Vladislav, Gil-Nagel, Antonio, Grigoreva, Elena, Guekht, Alla, Hirsch, Edouard, Hecimovic, Hrvoje, Helmstaedter, Christoph, Jung, Julien, Kalviainen, Reetta, Kelemen, Anna, Kimiskidis, Vasilios, Kobulashvili, Teia, Krsek, Pavel, Kuchukhidze, Giorgi, Larsson, Pål G, Leitinger, Markus, Lossius, Morten I, Luzin, Roman, Malmgren, Kristina, Mameniskiene, Ruta, Marusic, Petr, Metin, Baris, Özkara, Cigdem, Pecina, Hrvoje, Quesada, Carlos M, Rugg-Gunn, Fergus, Rydenhag, Bertil, Ryvlin, Philippe, Scholly, Julia, Seeck, Margitta, Staack, Anke M, Steinhoff, Bernhard J, Stepanov, Valentin, Vos, Sjoerd B, Huiskamp, Geertjan, Leijten, Frans S S, Van Eijsden, Pieter, Braun, Kees P J, and E-PILEPSY consortium

Subjects
Multicenter Study, Positron emission tomography, Magnetic resonance imaging, Epilepsy surgery, Electromagnetic source imaging, Journal Article, Single-photon emission computed tomography
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: In 2014 the European Union-funded E-PILEPSY project was launched to improve awareness of, and accessibility to, epilepsy surgery across Europe. We aimed to investigate the current use of neuroimaging, electromagnetic source localization, and imaging postprocessing procedures in participating centers. METHODS: A survey on the clinical use of imaging, electromagnetic source localization, and postprocessing methods in epilepsy surgery candidates was distributed among the 25 centers of the consortium. A descriptive analysis was performed, and results were compared to existing guidelines and recommendations. RESULTS: Response rate was 96%. Standard epilepsy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols are acquired at 3 Tesla by 15 centers and at 1.5 Tesla by 9 centers. Three centers perform 3T MRI only if indicated. Twenty-six different MRI sequences were reported. Six centers follow all guideline-recommended MRI sequences with the proposed slice orientation and slice thickness or voxel size. Additional sequences are used by 22 centers. MRI postprocessing methods are used in 16 centers. Interictal positron emission tomography (PET) is available in 22 centers; all using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Seventeen centers perform PET postprocessing. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is used by 19 centers, of which 15 perform postprocessing. Four centers perform neither PET nor SPECT in children. Seven centers apply magnetoencephalography (MEG) source localization, and nine apply electroencephalography (EEG) source localization. Fourteen combinations of inverse methods and volume conduction models are used. SIGNIFICANCE: We report a large variation in the presurgical diagnostic workup among epilepsy surgery centers across Europe. This diversity underscores the need for high-quality systematic reviews, evidence-based recommendations, and harmonization of available diagnostic presurgical methods.

Published
2016

34. Outcome of Epilepsy Surgery in MRI-Negative Patients Without Histopathologic Abnormalities in the Resected Tissue.

Author

Sanders MW, Van der Wolf I, Jansen FE, Aronica E, Helmstaedter C, Racz A, Surges R, Grote A, Becker AJ, Rheims S, Catenoix H, Duncan JS, De Tisi J, Jacques TS, Cross JH, Kalviainen R, Rauramaa T, Chassoux F, Devaux BC, Di Gennaro G, Esposito V, Bodi I, Honavar M, Bien CG, Cloppenborg T, Coras R, Hamer HM, Marusic P, Kalina A, Pieper T, Kudernatsch M, Hartlieb TS, Von Oertzen TJ, Aichholzer M, Dorfmuller G, Chipaux M, Noachtar S, Kaufmann E, Schulze-Bonhage A, Scheiwe CF, Özkara C, Grunwald T, Koenig K, Guerrini R, Barba C, Buccoliero AM, Giordano F, Rosenow F, Menzler K, Garbelli R, Deleo F, Krsek P, Straka B, Arzimanoglou AA, Toulouse J, Van Paesschen W, Theys T, Pimentel J, Loução De Amorim IM, Specchio N, De Palma L, Feucht M, Scholl T, Roessler K, Toledano Delgado R, Gil-Nagel A, Raicevic S, Ristic AJ, Schijns O, Beckervordersandforth J, San Antonio-Arce V, Rumia J, Blumcke I, and Braun KP

Subjects
Humans, Cohort Studies, Electroencephalography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Retrospective Studies, Seizures, Treatment Outcome, Epilepsies, Partial diagnostic imaging, Epilepsies, Partial surgery, Epilepsy diagnostic imaging, Epilepsy surgery, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe surgery
Abstract

Background and Objective: Patients with presumed nonlesional focal epilepsy-based on either MRI or histopathologic findings-have a lower success rate of epilepsy surgery compared with lesional patients. In this study, we aimed to characterize a large group of patients with focal epilepsy who underwent epilepsy surgery despite a normal MRI and had no lesion on histopathology. Determinants of their postoperative seizure outcomes were further studied., Methods: We designed an observational multicenter cohort study of MRI-negative and histopathology-negative patients who were derived from the European Epilepsy Brain Bank and underwent epilepsy surgery between 2000 and 2012 in 34 epilepsy surgery centers within Europe. We collected data on clinical characteristics, presurgical assessment, including genetic testing, surgery characteristics, postoperative outcome, and treatment regimen., Results: Of the 217 included patients, 40% were seizure-free (Engel I) 2 years after surgery and one-third of patients remained seizure-free after 5 years. Temporal lobe surgery (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.62; 95% CI 1.19-5.76), shorter epilepsy duration (AOR for duration: 0.94; 95% CI 0.89-0.99), and completely normal histopathologic findings-versus nonspecific reactive gliosis-(AOR: 4.69; 95% CI 1.79-11.27) were significantly associated with favorable seizure outcome at 2 years after surgery. Of patients who underwent invasive monitoring, only 35% reached seizure freedom at 2 years. Patients with parietal lobe resections had lowest seizure freedom rates (12.5%). Among temporal lobe surgery patients, there was a trend toward favorable outcome if hippocampectomy was part of the resection strategy (OR: 2.94; 95% CI 0.98-8.80). Genetic testing was only sporadically performed., Discussion: This study shows that seizure freedom can be reached in 40% of nonlesional patients with both normal MRI and histopathology findings. In particular, nonlesional temporal lobe epilepsy should be regarded as a relatively favorable group, with almost half of patients achieving seizure freedom at 2 years after surgery-even more if the hippocampus is resected-compared with only 1 in 5 nonlesional patients who underwent extratemporal surgery. Patients with an electroclinically identified focus, who are nonlesional, will be a promising group for advanced molecular-genetic analysis of brain tissue specimens to identify new brain somatic epilepsy genes or epilepsy-associated molecular pathways.

Published
2024
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