Search

Abstract The mathematical model of heating substation, which is an important part of district heating system, is presented in this paper. The main components of district heating substation system, from the automatic control perspective, that are observed in this paper are heat exchanger and three-way valve. Presented mathematical model is developed so it could operate in real-time, since the crucial aspect of development, deployment and testing of new control techniques and optimization algorithms is their accurate validation on the real system. However, the accessibility to a real system is often not possible. Corresponding to this, an alternative is the existence of the correct mathematical model of a process, with the ability to operate in real-time. First, the presented mathematical model of district heating substation is decomposed to the simpler models of its main elements, in order to provide the analysis of the various parameters on the model performance through numerical simulation. Second, a real-time model is developed in LabVIEW software package and deployed on the embedded controller with a real-time processor as a three-layer application which enables data acquisition and communication with a programmable controller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper presents the calculation of the power of solar rays that pass through the window of an observed room and their impact on warming up and lighting of the room. The calculations were performed using a mathematical model that takes into account the geographical position of the object, time zone, orientation of windows, day of the year, and current time. This paper also includes the calculation of geometry of the solar radiation and its intensity, artificial light and cooling/heating demands. Based on data from above, the optimization of blind tilt angle was performed to achieve the best possible brightness of the room and energy savings when heating or cooling, depending on ambient temperature. Optimization was performed using a genetic algorithm and fuzzy logic. After an analysis of the results obtained from optimization of the blind tilt angle, an algorithm for blinds control was developed in order to achieve energy savings and comfort in the observed room. Based on the derived conclusions, an UML diagram was made that describes the algorithm for determining optimal blind tilt angle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]