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Alienates thomasi sp. nov. Baňař & Štys (Figs. 1–6) Material examined. Holotype, female: VENEZUELA: Ar. / Rancho Grande / July 15 –21, 1967 / RW Poole, 1100m [printed] // HOLOTYPE / Alienates / thomasi sp. nov. / P. Baňař & P. Štys det. 2015 [printed red label] (USNM). Holotype is card-mounted with the right fore leg missing. Description. Measurements (in mm); L = length; W = width. Total body L — 1.267. Head (without neck). Total L— 0.178; posterior lobe, L— 0.056; posterior lobe, W— 0.151. Labium. Segment I, L— 0.013; segment II, L— 0.031; segment III, L— 0.082; segment IV, L— 0.025. Antenna. Segment I, L— 0.038; segment II, L— 0.087; segment III, L— 0.067; segment IV, L— 0.144. Pronotum. Anterior lobe, L (median)— 0.047; anterior lobe, W (maximum)— 0.202; posterior lobe, L (median)— 0.138; posterior lobe, W (maximum)— 0.256. Mesonotum. Median L— 0.080; W (maximum)— 0.218. Metanotum. Median L— 0.053; W (maximum)— 0.231. Fore leg. Femur, L— 0.162; femur, maximum W— 0.061; tibia, L— 0.131; tibia, maximum W— 0.057. Abdomen. Total L— 0.649; maximum W— 0.424. Colouration. Anterior and posterior lobes of head, meso- and metathorax, and abdomen uniformly dark brown, venter of head, ‘neck’ of mesonotum, and abdominal terga III and IV (Fig. 2) somewhat paler. Cephalic neck (postocciput), prothorax, legs, labium and antennae contrastingly pale, yellowish-brown (Fig. 1). Whitish, shiny eye spots present on lateral faces of head. Vestiture. All body surfaces, excluding medial part of abdominal sterna covered with yellowish, semi-erect setae, vestiture more outstanding on pronotum and dorsum of head. No conspicuous outstanding setae on head and pronotum. Structure. Head (Figs. 1, 4– 5). Short and wide, robust, posterior lobe well separated from anterior one. Antennifer short. Compound eyes missing, their sites slightly elevated, shiny but without ommatidia. Ocelli missing. Constriction between anterior and posterior lobes conspicuous, deep. Posterior lobe short, strongly transverse, ratio of length to width 0.37. Neck (= postocciput) fully externalized, strikingly massive. Antennae shorter than head and pronotum together (ratio 0.9), antennal formula (longest segment first) IV, II, III, I. Labium short, robust. Labial formula (longest segment first) III, II, IV, I. Thorax (Figs. 1–5). Collum (‘anterior lobe’) and middle lobe (‘posterior lobe’) of pronotum well separated, collum short, strongly transverse, less wide than middle lobe, ratio of legth to its maximum width 0.23. Middle lobe wide, conspicuously convex laterally and posteriorly, ratio of median length to its maximum width 0.54. Posterior lobe absent or fully incorporated into middle lobe. Mesonotum longer than metanotum, strongly transverse, ratio of length to width 0.37, anterior part short, narrow, neck-like. Metanotum very short, posterior margin strongly sclerotized, posterolateral angles regularly rounded; ratio of length to maximum width 0.23; posterior sector of metanotum neck-like, similar to anterior sector of mesonotum. Forelegs (Fig. 6) moderately stout. Fore coxa robust and very long. Fore femora 2.66 times as long as wide, widest in the middle. Fore tibiae 2.23 times as long as wide, apex of foretibia without a conspicuous process. Apicitibial and fore tarsal armatures not studied. Middle and hind legs. Short and robust, coxae and trochanters long, not studied in detail. Abdomen (Fig. 2) heavily sclerotized, conspicuously widening posterad, widest on the tergum VI; ratio of length to maximum width 1.53. Terga I and II fully fused, not separated from each other by a transverse apodeme. Terga I+II, III, IV and V separated by unusually deep and conspicuous constrictions (Figs. 1, 3). Dorsal laterotergites I+II to VIII well developed, laterotergite VIII narrowly triangular. Anterior margin of dorsal mediotergite IV with minute persistent larval gland opening. Abdominal spiracles III–VII on lateral parts of ‘sterna’. Etymology. Patronym, named after our colleague and friend Thomas J. Henry (Washington, D.C.). Distribution. Northern Venezuela, Aragua Province, Rancho Grande (= Henry Pittier National Park). Collected in mountain forest about 1000 m a.s.l. It is the first record of Alienates from South America. Differential diagnosis. Alienates thomasi sp. nov. differs from all known species of the genus except of Alienates muchmorei Wygodzinsky & Schmidt, 1991 (U.S. Virgin Islands: St. John) by the contrastingly bicolorous body (the other species are unicolorous dark brown, with slightly lighter appendages). From A. muchmorei, A. thomasi differs by the yellowish-brown prothorax and appendages and the strongly dark brown head and abdomen (only meso- and metathorax and bands on abdominal segments IV–VI dark in A. muchmorei). Alienates thomasi sp. nov. also shares with females of A. muchmorei (and A. dudichi Vasárhelyi, 1982; Lesser Antilles: St. Lucia, and an aberrant specimen of A. maldonadoi Wygodinsky & Schmidt, 1991, from Jamaica) abdominal spiracles III–VII situated on the lateral parts of sterna III–VIII instead of on the ventral laterotergites as in females of all other species (including most individuals of A. maldonadoi).

Baňař, Petr, Štys, Pavel, Rahanitriniaina, Sahondra Lalao, Rabotoson, Marie Estherine (2015): Two new species of the genus Proboscidopirates (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Enicocephalidae) from Madagascar with a list of the species. Zootaxa 3905 (3): 407-417, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3905.3.6

Baňař, Petr, Štys, Pavel, Kolesnichenko, Yuliya (2015): A new species of the genus Alienates Barber (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Enicocephalidae: Alienatinae) from Venezuela. Zootaxa 4012 (2): 391-395, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4012.2.11

Proboscidopirates rugulosus sp. nov. Baňař & Štys = Proboscidopirates robinsoni Villiers, 1958, partim (a female paratype from Périnet) Material examined. All macropterous females. Holotype, female: ASB/ May 2011 / 17 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 4.v.2011, 1027m / ´ Ambatomandondona ´; sifting / forest litter; Winkler app. extraction / S 18 ° 55 ′ 52.9 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 40.2 ′′ / L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. // HOLOTYPE / Proboscidopirates / rugulosus sp. nov. / P. Baňař & P. Štys det. 2014 [printed red label] (MMBC); paratypes: 11 ♀, same data as holotype (3 ♀ MMBC; 3 ♀ PSPC; 1 ♀ AMNH; 1 ♀ HNHM; 2 ♀ NMPC; 1 ♀ USNM); 2 ♀, MADAGASCAR —CE / ANDASIBE N.P.; 26.xi. 2010 / „Circuit Indri 2 “; sifting; / L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (1 ♀ MMBC; 1 ♀ PSPC); 1 ♀, Institut / scientifique / MADAGASCAR // Périnet // PARATYPE // Proboscidopirates / robinsoni / nl. sp. / A. Villiers det. 195 [printed, partly handwritten] (MNHN); 2 ♀, ASB/01/ 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 9.iv. 2011 / forest edge near road to / Andasibe vill.; sifting leaf litter / Winkler app. extr.; P.Baňař lgt. (1 ♀ MMBC; 1 ♀ PSPC); 1 ♀, ASB/02/ 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 9.iv. 2011 / forest edge near road to / Andasibe vill.; sifting rott. wood / Winkler app. extr.; P.Baňař lgt. (MMBC); 10 ♀, ASB/04/ 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 9.iv. 2011; edge / ‚Parc d’Orchidées‘; sifting forest / litter, Winkler app. extr.; P. Baňař / & L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (3 ♀ MMBC; 3 ♀ PSPC; 1 ♀ BMNH; 1 ♀ MHNG; 2 ♀ MNHN; 1 ♀ NKUM); 2 ♀, ASB/05/ 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 11.iv. 2011; 943m / S 18 ° 56 ′09.5′′ E 48 ° 25 ′08.2′′; forest / edge, sifting litter; Winkler app. extr. / P. Baňař & L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (1 ♀ MMBC; 1 ♀ PSPC); 2 ♀ ASB/06/ 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 11.iv. 2011 / S 18 ° 56 ′ 505 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 226 ′′; 948m / sifting litter in stream ravine / without water; Winkler app. extr. / P.Baňař lgt. (1 ♀ MMBC; 1 ♀ PSPC); 2 ♀, ASB/07/ 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 11.iv. 2011 / S 18 ° 56 ′ 505 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 224 ′′; 947m / sifting in shallow ravine, Winkler / app. ext. L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (1 ♀ MMBC; 1 ♀ PSPC); 5 ♀, ASB/08/ 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 12.iv. 2011 / S 18 ° 56 ′ 501 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 223 ′′; 942m / sifting litter on path, Winkler app. / extraction; local collector lgt. (3 ♀ MMBC; 2 ♀ PSPC); 3 ♀, ASB/09/ 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 12.iv. 2011 / S 18 ° 56 ′ 506 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 222 ′′; 944m / sifting forest litter, Winkler app. / extr.; L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (2 ♀ MMBC; 1 ♀ PSPC); 3 ♀, ASB/ 10 / 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 12.iv. 2011 / S 18 ° 56 ′ 30.4 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 10.1 ′′; 954m / sifting forest litter, Winkler app. / extr.; L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (1 ♀ MMBC; 2 ♀ PSPC); 1 ♀, ASB/ 11 / 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 12.iv. 2011 / S 18 ° 56 ′ 31.1 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 10.4 ′′; 961m / sifting forest litter, Winkler app. / extr.; L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (MMBC); 1 ♀, ASB/ 12 / 2011 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.; 12.iv. 2011; 951m / S 18 ° 56 ′ 20.5 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 12.2 ′′; sifting / plant residues under Pandanus / Winkler app. extr.; P. Baňař & / L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (PSPC); 6 ♀, ASB/ May 2011 /05 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.;´ Belle vue ´; 2.v. / 2011; S 18 ° 56 ′ 43.9 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′15.0′′ / 966m; sifting forest litter; Winkler / app. extr.; L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (4 ♀ MMBC; 2 ♀ PSPC) [two paratypes from MMBC gold-coated for SEM study]; 12 ♀, ASB/ May 2011 /09 MADAGASCAR / ANDASIBE N.P.;´ Anivokely ´; 3.v. / 2011; S 18 ° 56 ′ 19.4 ′′ E 48 ° 25 ′ 22.5 ′′ / 946m; sifting forest litter; Winkler / app. extr.; L.S. Rahanitriniaina lgt. (5 ♀ MMBC; 5 ♀ PSPC; 2 ♀ ZJPC). Each paratype bears red printed label: PARATYPE / Proboscidopirates / rugulosus sp. nov. / P. Baňař & P. Štys det. 2014. The alcohol-preserved specimens in vials are labelled collectively. Altogether, 63 female paratypes are included in the type series. The approximately 94 female nymphs (all preserved in alcohol) are excluded from the type series. Description. Measurements (in mm); holotype first; (paratypes in parentheses); L = length; W = width. Total body L — 4.4 (4.2–4.7). Head (without neck). Total L— 0.94 (0.91–0.96); posterior lobe, L— 0.28 (0.27–0.30), posterior lobe, W— 0.38 (0.38–0.39); distance eye - apex of antennifer— 0.32 (0.32–0.34); diatone (maximum width across eyes)— 0.38 (0.37–0.40); dorsal synthlipsis (minimum interocular distance)— 0.22 (0.22–0.23); eye, L— 0.16 (0.16–0.18); gena, L— 0.20 (0.20–0.21); gena, minimum W— 0.22 (0.22–0.23). Labium total L— 0.70 (0.68–0.72). Antenna. Segment I, L— 0.22 (0.21–0.23); segment II, L— 0.51 (0.47–0.51), segment III, L— 0.44 (0.41–0.44), segment IV, L— 0.40 (0.34–0.40), segment II, basal W— 0.04 (0.04–0.05), segment II, distal W— 0.06 (0.06–0.07). Pronotum. Total L (median)— 0.87 (0.82–0.89); collum, L (median)— 0.22 (0.21–0.23), maximum W— 0.47 (0.45–0.49); middle lobe, L (median)— 0.40 (0.38–0.40), middle lobe, W (maximum)— 0.73 (0.73–0.78); hind lobe, L (maximum)— 0.36 (0.34–0.39), hind lobe, L (median)— 0.30 (0.27–0.31); hind lobe, W (maximum)— 0.92 (0.88–0.92). Foreleg. Femur, L— 0.89 (0.84–0.90), femur, maximum W— 0.26 (0.24–0.27); tibia, L— 0.78 (0.76–0.79), tibia, maximum W— 0.26 (0.24–0.27). Colouration uniformly dark brown, pronotum somewhat darker, legs and antennae pale brown. Texture. Body semi-lustrous, all body parts rugulose, especially on head and thorax with numerous conspicuous, setigerous granules. Vestiture. All body surfaces, including forewing veins densely covered with whitish semi-erect setae. Vestiture on dorsal surface of head erect, short, slightly directed anterad, setae on lateral and ventral surfaces contrastingly longer than those on dorsum, semi-erect, diversely directed. Posteroventral surfaces of forecoxae and foretrochanters each with a group of many prominent setae. Occurence of tr-setae (not studied in detail): dorsum and venter of head, ventral surface of labium; a few on lateral areas of pronotum, postero-ventral surface of foretrochanters, dorsal, posterior and ventral areas of forefemora, postero-ventral surface of foretibiae, a few on dorsal and ventral surfaces of mid- and hindfemora, dorsal surfaces of mid- and hindtibiae and tarsi. Structure. Head (Figs. 9–13). Slightly longer than pronotum (Fig. 9). Anterior lobe elongate, ratio length of gena to its minimum width 0.91. Eyes medium-sized, dorsal ocular index 2.75. Ratio distance eye-apex of antennifer to length of eye 2.0. Post-ocular part of anterior cephalic lobe moderately long and moderately concave. Constriction between anterior and posterior cephalic lobes shallow. Posterior lobe transverse, without median impression (Fig. 10), ratio length to maximum width 0.74. Ocelli large, situated antero-laterally. Posteriormost area of lateral surfaces of posterior lobe of head with inconspicuously convex, narrow area lacking vestiture but with numerous, sparsely distributed non-setigerous granules (Figs. 12–13). Posterior lobe overlapping the junction with the neck but when seen in a dorsal view, its lateral outlines join the neck at an obtuse angle. Antennae slightly shorter than head and pronotum together (ratio 0.87), antennal formula (longest segment first) II, III, IV, I. Ratio basal width of segment II to its distal width 0.7. Labium long, slender. Segment III three times longer than segment IV. Labial formula (longest segment first) III, II = IV, I. Pronotum (Fig. 9). Collum with a shallow, broad triangular impression in the anterior third, posterior margin convex, precollum well developed, finely rugulose. Impression between collum and midlobe broad. Midlobe wide, widest near the middle, ratio width of midlobe to its median length 1.18. Midlobe with deep median groove, that terminates two-thirds of the way along in a shallow, broadly triangular impression. Posterior margin of midlobe convex, laterally with inconspicuous, indistinct impressions. Conspicuous and deep pronotal pits situated approximately half of length of midlobe, closer to lateral margin of midlobe than to linear groove. Two inconspicuous, very shallow pits situated close to linear (longitudinal) groove, either side of mid-line, half-way along midlobe of pronotum. Posterior lobe large, robust and long, lateral margins only slightly convex, irregularly rounded, widest in the posterior third. Posterior margin slightly convex, in the middle slightly concave. Ratio width to median length of posterior lobe 3.1. Forelegs (Figs. 15–16). Forefemora stout, 3.4 times as long as wide, widest in the basal third. Foretibiae three times as long as wide, apex of foretibia protruding as a conspicuous process. Apicitibial armature consists of seven spiniform setae (Fig. 15), three ventral (middle one much longer, directed towards tarsus, anterior and posterior ones straight, shorter), two long subventral and two short, robust dorsal on upper-most part of tibial process. Bristle comb consisting of 38-40 setae. Foretarsi with armature consisting of four spiniform setae (Fig. 16), two long, slender proximal setae (anterior one longer) and two distal, shorter and stouter spiniform setae of the same length and shape. Apical section of ventral surface of fore-tarsus with group of five long setae (Fig. 16) situated between the spiniform setae of fore-tarsal armature. Posterior claw of posttarsus shorter, two-thirds the length of the anterior claw. Mid- and hindlegs. Hindfemora robust, nearly twice as wide as midfemora, claws isomorphic. Apex of mid- and hindtibiae with two apical combs, the anterior comb consisting of approximately 12 setae on the middle and 10 setae on the hind tibia, the posterior comb consisting of 12 setae on the middle and 15–16 setae on the hind tibia. Etymology. Named after the conspicuous granulosity of the body. Micro-habitat and collecting method. All specimens (both adults and larvae) were collected by sifting of and subsequent extraction from in Winkler apparatus - leaf litter in rain forest in eastern Madagascar (Andasibe- Mantadia National Park). Distribution. Eastern Madagascar. Differential diagnosis. Proboscidopirates rugulosus sp. nov. differs from all other Proboscidopirates species by the presence of conspicuous setigerous granules on the head and thorax (Figs. 9–13), (the cuticle is smooth or has fine, inconspicuous granules in other species).