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Educational tourism is a selective form of thematic tourism and implies a trend of acquiring new knowledge, transferring knowledge to others, as well as improving skills outside the classroom. It implies a tourist activity in which education is the primary or secondary motive for staying at the destination. The main goal of the travel is focused on activities that include visits to other countries to learn about different cultures. These include student exchange programs and study trips, work, and skills development in different and new environments, such as numerous international internships. There is a difference between travels where education is not the main motive; however, during the holiday guests are educated about certain aspects of the tourist offer (e.g. cultural attractions) and travels where education is the main motive for travel and stay at the destination.

Interpreting the extensive and varied bibliography of Jovan Cvijić, largely in foreign languages, which apart from the text includes geographic and ethnographic map of the Balkan Peninsula, atlases, notes and drawings, it is concluded that his scientific work was versatile and complex. Cvijić's perception of space, the use of didactic principles, methods and forms of work can be categorized as actual and modern even in the present time. He was the first among the Balkan geographers who simultaneously interpreted natural, historical, sociological, ethnographic and ethno-psychological phenomena and processes. Cvijić pointed to the relationship between the geographic environment and human communities, civilizations and historical events, constantly examining their mutual conditionality. Numerous research trips in almost all regions of the Balkan Peninsula led to his interest in the culture and customs of the people. He noted that in the Balkans, there are different people by origin, religion and mentality. The result of the field research is certainly one of Cvijić's most important work - 'Anthropogeographical problems of the Balkan Peninsula'. His scientific approach has given an outstanding contribution to methodological development of geography.

Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (CONPs) are interesting biomaterials with various applications in biomedicine, cosmetics and the pharmaceutical industry, but with limited practical application because of their low stability in aqueous media. The aim of this study was to obtain CONPs with increased stability by coating the particles. Microbial exopolysaccharides (levan, pullulan) and glucose were used to prepare CONPs under different synthesis conditions. Coating was attempted by adding the carbohydrates during (direct coating) or after (subsequent coating) the synthesis of CONPs. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The suspension stability of the uncoated and coated CONPs in aqueous media was evaluated by measuring the hydrodynamic size, zeta potential and turbidity. The FT-IR spectra revealed the differences between coated CONPs and showed the success of subsequent coating with carbohydrates. Coating with carbohydrates improved the stability the CONP suspension by decreasing the size of aggregated particles. The suspensions of levan- and glucose-coated CONPs had the best stability. In this study, CONPs were prepared using non-toxic materials, which were completely environmentally friendly. The obtained results open new horizons for CONP synthesis, improving their biological applications. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. III45012 and Grant no. III43004]

The interdisciplinary teaching-scientific disciplines and all participants in the educational process, the school becomes an environment in which, in addition to teaching and learning, fosters the harmonious development of personality of students with various aspects. Geography and ethnology ratio is determined by their position in the system of scientific disciplines and tasks that have in education. From ethnology as a science is the selection of content, according to educational and functional tasks of teaching geography in specific socio-historical context. In geography textbooks represented ethnological themes through the study of the origin, beliefs and customs of a nation or community. As such, characteristics of the different analyzed ethnology people, by studying the relations between them, and thus enrich the geography textbooks. Ethnological facilities are very suitable for the teaching process because they enable wide application forms and methods, as well as a wide selection of new information and communication educational technologies. The aim of this paper is based on defining similarities and differences between geography and ethnology, as well as related and in many ways related to science and unbreakable. The aim of the paper points to the scale of the ethnological contents in geography textbooks for Secondary school. The results show that in terms of geography and ethnology, there are some similarities, but also differences when it comes to the interpretation of certain phenomena, processes and principles. Based on the results, proposals are defined which are contributing to a more efficient study of ethnological content with the aim of more obvious, more permanent and more practical adoption of students' knowledge.

High unemployment accompanied by a decline in production is one of the major economic and social problems in Serbia. The existing economic problems, which are defined by structural mismatch, non-competitive production and traditional means of production is accompanied by an increase in the problem of poverty, due to the participation of elderly and dependent persons, a decline in the number of employees. Markets are a way to organize economic activity and can only be successful if the activities are organized in a way that enhances the overall economic benefit. If this does not happen, there is a market failure which is the situation in which the market alone fails to achieve full efficiency. Taking into account of territorial disparities in economic potentials of development, the aim of the paper is to point out the problems facing the labor market in Belgrade. The author tried to show the basic characteristics of Belgrade during his work, as well as economic, traffic and market a significant city in Southeastern Europe. The effects, instruments and benefits of market policy and alternatives to overcome existing constraints, opportunities and solutions are presented. Activities to improve the productivity and quality of work must be planned according to the expected changes in the economic structure, according to the greater involvement of Belgrade in the European and regional economic integration, and with optimal use of domestic resources to the comparative advantages of the country.

In order to meet the needs of modern society, schools should be continually reviewed its role. In contemporary the methodological concepts, interdisciplinary teaching is seen as a necessity in order to increase the quality of teaching and teaching an improved outcome. Analysis Curriculum geography of 5th to 8th graders and items that are correlated with it indicates that there are a number of lessons that provide quality basis for the realization of interdisciplinary teaching and learning. The aim is to determine the program content items geography in primary school that are suitable for an interdisciplinary approach to teaching. Test results indicate the great potential of interdisciplinary connections between teaching content of geography and other subjects in primary school. The paper contained proposals that could contribute to the improvement of the interdisciplinary approach. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 176008]

Municipality of Negotin is an area of rural character, one of the most agrarian in Serbia. Rural development, as one of the areas of regional policy is a key instrument for the restructuring of the agricultural sector, has a task to focus and strategic use of the potential of attractive tourist village. At the time of increasing urbanization and globalization, specific indigenous settlements accurately reflect the spirit and tradition of ancient times are gaining a certain cultural, economic, and tourist importance. Municipality of Negotin has good conditions for the development of rural tourism thanks to its geographical position, varied landscape (vari­ous forms of recreation), gastronomy, folklore, rich cultural heritage. Rural tourism should contribute to the preservation of the rural environment and cultural heritage, but also economically motivate the local population to remain in the countryside. This form of tourism could contribute significantly to the protection of nature, but also to provide resources for the survival and development of the village.

The impact of the surface charge of alumina support on the adsorption of Candida rugosa lipase has been investigated in terms of zeta potential of the adsorption partners. Lipase adhered onto alumina with similar efficiency under both repulsive and attractive electrostatic conditions, shifting the zeta potential of the support towards that of the enzyme. The behavior was explained by a heterogeneous distribution of the surface charge of the lipase molecule. Special emphasis in this study was placed on the effect of immobilization on enzyme kinetics and principal reasons for enzyme immobilization: improvement in stability and potential for reuse. The enzyme affinity was not altered by its adsorption onto alumina, while Vmax of the lipase decreased. Thermostability of adsorbed lipase was improved. Significant potential for reuse was found. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 43004 i br. III 45012]

Dip-immersion is simple and cost-effective method for the preparation of Ce-based conversion coatings (CeCCs), a promising alternative to the toxic chromate coatings, on the metal substrates. In this work CeCCs were prepared on Al-alloy AA6060 from aqueous solution of cerium chloride at room temperature. Effect of immersion time and post-treatment in phosphate solution on the microstructure and corrosion properties of the coatings was studied. The longer immersion time, the thicker but nonhomogeneous and cracked CeCCs. The post-treatment contributed to the sealing of cracks, as proven by an increase in corrosion resistance compared with as-deposited coatings. CeCCs prepared at longer deposition time and post-treated showed much better corrosion protection than those prepared at short deposition time. A detailed EIS study was undertaken to follow the evolution of corrosion behaviour of CeCCs with time of exposure to aggressive chloride environment (3.5 % NaCl). For the sake of comparison, the EIS properties of bare AA6060 were also investigated. A linear voltammetry was performed to complete the study. Results confirmed a formation of protective CeCCs on AA6060 surface. However, even CeCCs prepared at longer deposition time and post-treated provided a short term protection in aggressive environment, due to the small thickness. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 45019 i br. III 45012]

There are different views on self-regulation in the learning process, how it has to be monitored, controlled, which are the circumstances and external factors that affect independent learning. Dominant are the opinions in which the self-regulation is treated as interaction of processes related to the personality, behavioural and contextual processes. Special attention has been given to motivational strategies and students’ desire to focus on goals. By enabling students to make decisions, set their own goals, make a choice, plan and organize activities, the development of self-learning and student autonomy is being encouraged. If students are given the opportunity of independent activities, effect of self-control in the process of learning and self-regulation becomes more pronounced. The paper will explain the factors that influence the process of self-learning that takes place in regular teaching with the help of map as the basic geographic media. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 17008]

Sustainable tourism is an important element of modern tourism, which are strictly controlled by the impact of tourism on the environment. Balanced ecological, economic and sociocultural components of tourism are therefore more frequently mentioned in the programs and strategies of tourism development. Sustainable tourism is particularly applicable to the development of tourism in the category of protected natural areas. These natural systems (national parks, nature parks, nature reserves and natural monuments) are all interesting areas for various segments of the tourist. Typically, this is ecotourism - a modern form of tourism in which through education, volunteering, learning about nature, we help protect and preserve nature. Tourism development in protected natural areas is particularly sensitive, and as such it involves the determination of carrying capacity, limits of acceptable changes, environmental impact assessment, tourism zoning and designing codes of ethics that would help tourists to coordinate their activities with the values of the environment. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 176008]

Doped BaTiO3-ceramics is very interesting for their application as PTCR resistors, multilayer ceramic capacitors, thermal sensors etc. Ho doped BaTiO3 ceramics, with different Ho2O3 content, ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Ho, were investigated regarding their microstructural and dielectric characteristics. The samples were prepared by the conventional solid state reaction and sintered at 1320° and 1380°C in an air atmosphere for 4 hours. The grain size and microstructure characteristics for various samples and their phase composition was carried out using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with EDS system. SEM analysis of Ho/BaTiO3 doped ceramics showed that in samples doped with a rare-earth ions low level, the grain size ranged from 20-30μm, while with the higher dopant concentration the abnormal grain growth is inhibited and the grain size ranged between 2- 10μm. Dielectric measurements were carried out as a function of temperature up to 180°C. The low doped samples sintered at 1380°C, display the high value of dielectric permittivity at room temperature, 2400 for 0.01Ho/BaTiO3. A nearly flat permittivity-response was obtained in specimens with higher additive content. Using a Curie-Weiss low and modified Curie-Weiss low the Curie constant (C), Curie temperature (Tc) and a critical exponent of nonlinearity (γ) were calculated. The obtained value of γ pointed out that the specimens have almost sharp phase transition. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 172057: Directed synthesis, structure and properties of multifunctional materials]

In the primary circuit of pressurized water reactors (PWR), the dynamic sealing system in reactor coolant pumps is ensured by mechanical seals whose ceramic parts are in contact with the cooling solution. During the stretch-out phase in reactor operation, characterized by low boric acid concentration, the leak-off flow has been observed to abnormally evolve in industrial plants. The deposition of hematite particles, originating from corrosion, on alumina seals of coolant pumps is suspected to be the cause. As better understanding of the adhesion mechanism is the key factor in the prevention of fouling and particle removal, an experimental study was carried out using a laboratory set-up. With model materials, hematite and sintered alumina, the adhesion rate and surface potentials of the interacting solids were measured under different chemical conditions (solution pH and composition) in analogy with the PWR ones. The obtained results were in good agreement with the DLVO (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey- Overbeek) theory and used as such to interpret this industrial phenomenon.

Research results presented in this paper refer to changes in the structure of the agricultural population of the Pčinja District in the period from 1971 to 2002. They point to markedly decrease in the agricultural population, the share of agricultural population in total population, the share of rural population in total population, as well as the share of active agricultural population in total active population. The process of deagrarianization in this area is a constraining factor for the development of agriculture and causes spontaneous abandonment by working-age population who is employing in other sectors. Transfer of agricultural population in non-agricultural activities takes place either by moving into the city centre or by remaining in agricultural households and employing in non-agricultural activities (which causes daily rural-urban migration). The process of depopulation and deruralization caused ageing population to be involved in agriculture in many rural settlements so that the effects of agricultural production have become significantly decreasing. To eliminate the negative effects of the regional development of the Pčinja District, it is necessary to establish and implement a functional demographic policy and concept of the revitalization of rural area.

The paper analysis the contents of Geography textbooks which refer to the problems of the protection of the environment. The last publications of Geography textbooks for primary and secondary schools of the Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva (Belgrade) were used as a sample. With this study we wanted to check at what extent the contents of the environmental protection are present in the contemporary Geography textbooks and how much they contribute to the formation of the system of ecologic knowledge and ecologic conscience of students with their structure. The analysis has showed that the problems of the environmental protection in the analyzed textbooks are not present enough, that they are mostly covered in integrative way, sporadically and declaratively. Undefined ecologic concepts are twice as much presented as defined. The explanations of notions are more often supported by examples than by factographic data, although the number of examples is insufficient. Especially, the examples from close surroundings are missing. With their structure, the present contents do not provide knowledge on numerous problems on the protection of the environment and they do not influence the development of ecologic attitudes, emotions and habits in students. Practical implications of the study are shown in the way that the results and conclusions can stimulate the authors of textbooks to change the approach in planning the contents of the future Geography textbooks... .

The aim of this work is to present complex relations within didactical triangle as well as review of the practical usage of relations of didactical polygon. Importance of subject of this work is, certainly, its constant actualization and irrepressible change which is happening within elements and in their mutual interaction. This kind of relation brings innovations and suffers changes from modern times. Starting from immediate ways of communication to closer and further perceive of their development, the subject gets dimension of expected and somewhat exciting. The theme ensued because of the need for logical separation of didactical elements and also to connect them through complex system of communication. Their imbues are coming to express daily while interaction is developing not only in historical period but in instantaneous stages. The media, today, gives grade to development of society and represent degree of progress. As such an important factor, the role of the media must be taken into consideration. Geographical achievement is represented by teaching methods of geography and in that way it represents significant media. Complicatedness of this theme also reflects in universality; geography has advanced as science and there is great expectation for methodical science to catch up with geography and to present new manners, ways of transferring knowledge. .