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Analizirali smo vpliv žlindre z nizko bazičnostjo na kemično sestavo in nekovinske vključke v jeklu 46MnVS5 v primerjavi s standardno žlindro. Cilj naloge je bil izboljšati stabilnost procesa legiranja žvepla in povečati njegov izkoristek z uporabo nizko-bazične žlindre. Nizko-bazična žlindra ima primerno nizko sulfidno kapaciteto in izpolnjuje pogoje za nastanek deformabilnih nekovinskih vključkov z nizkim tališčem, hkrati pa ni preveč agresivna do ognjevzdržne obzidave ponovce. Naredili smo kemično analizo vzorcev žlindre in jekla za šarži s standardno in nizko bazično žlindro. Med izdelavo posameznih šarž smo vzorce jekla in žlindre vzeli tik po začetku in tik pred koncem obdelave na ponovčni peči. Vzorec jekla smo vzeli še iz vmesne ponovce med litjem na kontinuirni napravi, odvzeli pa smo tudi vzorec iz valjanca s premerom 95 mm. S podatki meritev smo izračunali sulfidno kapaciteto žlindre, porazdelitveni koeficient žvepla med žlindro in talino ter grafično prikazali spreminjanje vsebnosti žvepla v jekleni talini obeh šarž. Opravili smo tudi avtomatsko analizo vključkov v jeklu in ploskovno EDS analizo značilnih vključkov obeh šarž, ki smo jih primerjali. Ugotovili smo, da ima nizko-bazična žlindra nižjo sulfidno kapaciteto, zaradi česar se v talini ohrani več žvepla kot pri standardnem postopku. Med izdelavo jekla se zato porabi dosti manj žvepla. Prav tako ima slabšo sposobnost odstranjevanja nekovinskih vključkov iz taline, oksidni vključki pa vsebujejo večji delež SiO2 in so bolj preoblikovalni od vključkov v standardni šarži. The influence of low-basicity slag on the chemistry and non-metallic inclusions in 46MnVS5 steel was analysed in comparison to standard ladle slag. The aim was to improve the stability of the process of alloying sulphur and to improve its yield with the use of a low basicity slag. The slag has a low sulphide capacity and is not too aggressive towards the ladle refractory while fulfilling conditions for the formation of deformable non-metallic inclusions with a low liquidus temperature. Slag and steel samples were analysed for the standard and the low-basicity technology. Samples were taken at the beginning and at the end of ladle treatment and while casting. As-rolled samples were also investigated. Sulphide capacity and sulphur distribution ratio were calculated for all slag samples. Automated inclusion analysis and surface EDS inclusion analysis was performed for all steel samples and compared for both technologies. The low-basicity slag has a lower sulphur capacity and thus helps retain sulphur in the steel melt. Steel cleanliness was also worse in the samples with the low-basicity slag. Oxide non-metallic inclusions contained more SiO2 and were more deformable than those in the standard steel samples.

V doktorskem delu smo predstavili nekatere nove sintezne metode, spojine, reagente v okviru organske kemije halogenov in halkogenov s poudarkom na načelih zelene kemije in trajnostnem razvoju. Zaradi netrajnostne rabe naravnih virov in onesnaževanja okolja se je razvilo področje, imenovano zelena kemija, ki temelji na okolju prijaznih principih. Med hal(k)ogeniranimi organskimi spojinami najdemo mnoge materiale, topila, reagente, sintone in naravne spojine ter medicinsko, industrijsko in agrokemijsko pomembne spojine. Kljub hitremu napredku na področju, se pojavljajo potrebe po sintezi obstoječih in novih motivov pod alternativnimi pogoji, ki sledijo načelom trajnostnega razvoja. Organske sulfokside smo do sulfidov reducirali na vodnem mediju 37% HCl s cenenim reagentom NaSH, ki po koncu reakcije tvori okolju nenevarne odpadne produkte. Produkt reakcije v večjem merilu smo izolirali z neposredno destilacijo. Razvili smo novo, hitro in priročno metodo oksidacije organskih sulfidov, ki pri zelenih pogojih slelektivno poteka s t-BuOCl. Pretvorbe so odvisne od temperature in topila, sulfokside in sulfone pa smo izolirali z odstranitvijo topila in hlapnih primesi. Metodo smo prenesli na večje merilo in na polimerne substrate ter raziskovali mehanizem. Prej neznane N-jodo sulfoksimine smo pripravili neposredno iz sulfidov z eno-lončnim sintetskim pristopom v zelenem topilu metanolu. Metodo smo izvedli v večjem merilu in predstavili nekatere nadaljnje pretvorbe. Organske selenide smo do selenoksidov oksidirali s 30% vodno raztopino zelenega oksidanta H2O2. Pripravili smo dva reagenta za elektrofilno selenocianiranje in -SeCN uvedli pod trajsnotnimi pogoji. 2-Amino-4H-pirane smo pod reakcijskimi pogoji brez topil s t-BuOCl regioselektivno klorofukcionalizirali do α,N-dikloroiminov in produkte izolirali z odstranjevanjem hlapnih primesi. Zlato smo raztopili v etanolu s katalitsko količino joda, 33% vodne raztopine H2O2 ter cenenim in nenevarnim ligandom. Doktorska naloga predstavlja pomemben doprinos k zeleni kemiji redoks reakcij žveplovih in selenovih organskih spojin, elektrofilnega prenosa halogenov in halkogenov ter njihovih funkcionalnih skupin, sintezi in reaktivnosti haloiminskega stukturnega motiva in recikliranja dragocenih kovin. Herein we present some novel synthetic methods, compounds and reagents in the context of halogen and chalcogen organic chemistry with emphasis on green chemistry principles and sustainable development. Due to unsustainable exploitation of natural resources and environmental pollution, green chemistry was established on environmentally friendly principles. Halogenated and chalcogenated organic compounds are important materials, solvents, reagents, synthons and natural compounds, that are used in medicine, industry, and agrochemistry. Despite quick development of this field, there is still a great need for preparation of existing and novel motifs under alternative conditions that follow sustainable development. Organic sulfoxides were deoxygenated to sulfides using 37% aqueous HCl and affordable reagent NaSH, that produce environmentally benign waste. Product of scaled-up reaction was isolated by direct distillation. New, rapid, and convenient method for oxidation of organic sulfides that selectively proceeds with t-BuOCl under green reaction conditions. Reaction was temperature- and solvent-dependent and product sulfoxides and sulfones were isolated by removal of solvent. The method was easily scalable and tested on polymeric substrate. The mechanism was explored. Previously unknown N-iodo sulfoximines were prepared from sulfides via one-pot approach in green solvent methanol. The method was scaled-up and further transformations were explored. We developed new sustainable method for oxidation of organic selenides using 30% aqueous H2O2 solution. Two reagents for electrophilic selenocyanation were prepared and -SeCN motif was introduced under sustainable conditions. 2-Amino-4H-pyrans were regioselectively chloro-functionalised with t-BuOCl under neat reaction conditions to afford α,N-dichloroimines that were isolated by removal of volatiles. Gold was dissolved in ethanol with catalytic amount of iodine, 33% aqueous H2O2 and inexpensive and non-toxic ligand. Doctoral thesis presents an important contribution to green chemistry topics of sulfur and selenium organic compound redox reactions, halogen and chalcogen functional group electrophilic transfer and synthesis, reactivity of haloimine structural motif and noble metal recycling.

Sintetizirana je bila serija substituiranih pirimidinov iz acetil heteroaromatov, nato je bila izvedena metilacija pripravljenih spojin. Pri tem je prišlo do nastanka dveh različnih tipov produktov. Vse pripravljene spojine so bile uporabljene kot ligandi za sintezo renijevih koordinacijskih spojin. Vsi produkti so bili karakterizirani z jedrsko magnetno resonanco (NMR), masno spektrometrijo, IR spektroskopijo in elementno analizo CHN. Pripravljeni so bili tudi monokristali nekaterih spojin, katerim je bila določena struktura z rentgensko difrakcijo. A series of substituted pyrimidines were synthesized from acetyl substituted heteroaromatics. Methylation of the prepared compounds was then carried out and two different types of products were isolated. All the prepared compounds were used as ligands in the synthesis of rhenium coordination compounds. All products were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry, IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis CHN. For some compounds, monocrystals were obtained and their molecular structures were determined by X-ray diffraction.

V poljskih poskusih z dvema sortama navadne pšenice (Triticum aestivum subsp. aestivum) 'Olimpija' in 'Vulkan', ki smo ju izvedli na Kmetijskem inštitutu Slovenije, na polju oddelka Infrastrukturnega centra Jablje, smo preverjali vpliv dognojevanja z žveplom in dušikom na pridelek in kakovost pšenice. Za dognojevanje smo uporabili gnojila KAN, Sulfogranulat in Energico. V desetih gnojilnih postopkih, ki so bili izvedeni v štirih ponovitvah, smo izvedli trikratno dognojevanje, vsak postopek je imel drugačno kombinacijo gnojil. Za kontrolno obravnavanje smo uporabili dva gnojilna postopka, postopek, kjer nismo izvedli nobenega dognojevanja, in postopek, kjer smo izvedli dognojevanje le z žveplom. Vpliv desetih gnojilnih postopkov smo strnili v pet obravnavanj. Na podlagi rezultatov naše raziskave lahko sklepamo, da gnojenje z žveplom ni pomembno vplivalo na opazovane parametre pri nobeni od sort. Z dognojevanjem z žveplom rahlo povečamo velikost pridelka, medtem ko nima večjega vpliva na kakovostne parametre, kot sta hektolitrska masa in absolutna masa. V raziskavi smo ugotovili, da je višina rastlin odvisna od sorte in da pri sorti 'Vulkan' kljub slabšemu genetskemu potencialu za doseganje kakovosti A to dosežemo, če vsaj dvakrat gnojimo z dušikom oziroma v primeru, ko ne uporabimo mineralnih gnojil. V gnojilnih postopkih, kjer nismo gnojili z dušikom, le z žveplom, sta se zmanjšali vsebnost beljakovin in sedimentacijska vrednost. In a field experiment with two varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. aestivum), ‘Olimpija’ and ‘Vulkan’, which took place at the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, in a field of the department of the Jablje Infrastructure Centre, we studied the impact of top dressing with sulphur and nitrogen on wheat yield and quality. KAN, Sulfogranulat and Energico fertilizers were used as top dressings. In ten fertilization procedures performed in four replications, we performed three top dressings, each procedure having a different combination of fertilizers. For the control treatment, we used two fertilization procedures, a procedure where no top dressing was performed and a procedure where only sulphur was used. The impact of ten fertilization procedures was summarized in five treatments. Based on the results of our study, we can conclude that sulphur fertilization did not significantly affect the observed parameters in any of the varieties. Sulphur top-dressing slightly increases the size of the crop, while it does not have a major impact on quality parameters such as hectolitre weight and absolute weight. The study found that plant height depends on the variety and that using ‘Vulkan’, despite the worse genetic potential to achieve A quality, this is achieved if we fertilize at last twice with nitrogen or if we do not use mineral fertilizers. In fertilization procedures where we did not fertilize with nitrogen, only with sulphur, the protein content and sedimentation value decreased.

A field trial of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L.) was carried out under the humid temperate climate conditions in Central Slovenia to investigate the effects of calcium ammonium nitrate (0, 180 and 240 kg N ha−1) and gypsum (0 and 40 kg S ha−1) fertilisation on yield, yield quality (nitrate, glucosinolate levels and glucosinolate profile) and nitrogen use efficiency. The highest marketable yield, dry matter yield and nitrogen uptake were obtained at the highest nitrogen fertilisation rate when in combination with sulphur. For this treatment, the nitrogen surplus in the soil after harvesting was lower than for the same nitrogen fertilisation without sulphur application. For the combination N240S40, the sulphur addition significantly increased nitrogen use efficiency, which resulted in reduced nitrate content in the cabbage heads. The chemical forms of glucosinolates showed that 80–85% were aliphatic glucosinolates with the remainder as the indole group. For the aliphatic glucosinolates, significant interactions between nitrogen and sulphur fertilisations were reflected in increased levels of progoitrin and glucoiberin when sulphur was applied at the lower nitrogen fertilisation rates. For the indole group, the levels of glucobrassicin and the indole group itself decreased at higher nitrogen fertilisation rates, independent of sulphur fertilisation.

Poskus smo izvedli za namenom, da bi ugotovili, kako na količino in kakovost pridelka česna, vplivata gnojenje z žveplom in eno ali dvakratno dognojevanje z dušikom. Novembra 2013 smo na Laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani zasnovali poskus v 4 ponovitvah. V poskus smo vključili gnojenje z žveplom (negnojeno (S0), gnojeno s 50 kg S/ha (S50) in 100 kg S/ha (S100)) in dognojevanje z dušikom (negnojeno (N0), 1x dognojeno (N80) in 2x dognojeno (N50+30)). Imeli smo 9 obravnavanj (S0N0, S0N80 S0N50+30 S50N0 S50N80 S50N50+30 S100N0, S100N80 in S100N50+30), ki smo jih naključno porazdelili znotraj ene ponovitve. Za naš poizkus smo izbrali špansko sorto česna 'Gardos'. Gnojenje z žveplom ni imelo značilnega vpliva na pridelek česna, medtem ko je gnojenje z dušikom značilno povečalo pridelek (14,2 ± 1,80 t/ha pri N80 in 12,9 ± 0,7 t/ha pri N50+30) glede na negnojene rastline (8,20± 0,6 t/ha pri N0). Eno ali dvakratno dognojevanje z dušikom na količino pridelka in kakovost čebulic česna ni imelo značilnega vpliva. Gnojenje z žveplom in dušikom ni imelo značilnega vpliva na delež osušitve pridelka česna. Najbolj (30±4 %) se je osušil pridelek česna z obravnavanja S100N80, najmanj (21±6 %) z obravnavanja S50N80. Gnojenje z dušikom je značilno povečalo maso in premer čebulice, število strokov v čebulici in maso posameznega stroka glede na negnojene rastline. Gnojenje z žveplom na morfološke lastnosti čebulic ni imelo značilnega vpliva. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of nitrogen and sulphur fertilization on the yield and quality of garlic bulbs. In the experiment, which was conducted from November 2013 till July 2014, on the Experimental field of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana in 4 repetitions, different fertilization treatments with nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) were performed: fertilization with 50 kg S/ha (S50) and 100 kg S/ha (S100) and without sulphur (S0) fertilization with 80 kg N/ha at one application N (80) and at two applications (N50+30) and without N (N0), and their combinations. Together we had 9 treatments, which were randomly assigned to each repetition. The Spanish garlic cultivar 'Gardos' was included in the experiment. Fertilization with sulphur did not affect significantly the yield of garlic bulbs, while nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the yield (14.2± 1.8 t/ha at N80 and 12.9± 0.7 t/ha at N50+30) regarding to the unfertilized plants (8.20± 0.6 t/ha). The way of nitrogen application (once or twice) did not significantly influence the yield and quality of garlic bulbs, neither the percentage of the weight loss of garlic bulbs. After one week drying on the sun, the highest percentage of weight loss was 30±4 % at plants from treatment S100N80 and the lowest (21±6 %) was at treatment S50N80. The nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the mass and diameter of garlic bulbs, the number of cloves per bulb and the mass of individual clove in comparison to the unfertilized plants.

Termoelektrarna Plomin (TEP), Hrvaška, se nahaja na sredini vzhodne obale Istre in predstavlja glavnega onesnaževalca zraka v Istri. V letih med 1970 in 2000 je uporabljala predvsem lokalni premog (Raša), ki vsebuje med 10 in 14 ut. % žvepla in ga tako uvrščamo med premoge z visoko vsebnostjo organskega žvepla. V magistrski nalogi smo ugotavljali stopnjo onesnaženja tal z žveplom v okolici TEP. Analizirali smo 11 vzorcev tal, 3 vzorce pepela in 6 vzorcev premoga. Vzorci tal so bili odvzeti na različnih oddaljenostih od TEP v smeri vetra JZ, odvzet je bil tudi kontrolni vzorec na oddaljenosti 10 km od TEP. V premogu smo določili celokupno žveplo, v pepelu sulfat in v tleh sulfat in organsko vezano žveplo (fulvinske in huminske kisline). Vsebnost žvepla v vzorcih in izotopsko sestavo smo določili z masno spektrometrijo stabilnih izotopov. Vsebnost žvepla v smeri JZ od TEP je 100 krat večja (4 ut. %) kot v kontrolnem vzorcu (0,04 ut. %) ter pada z oddaljenostjo od TEP. V tleh prevladuje organsko vezano žveplo (>95 %), ki je večinoma vezano v huminske kisline. Vrednosti δ34SVCDT v premogu so med −5,0 in −10,0 ‰. V večini vzorcev tal je vrednost δ34S pozitivna (+7,0 do +20 ‰). Vrednosti δ34S sulfata v tleh so med +1,0 in +5,5 ‰, vrednosti δ34S za organsko žveplo pa so med -3,5 in +6,0 ‰. Takšna izotopska sestava žvepla nakazuje, da je glavni vir žvepla atmosfersko usedanje žvepla po sežigu premoga v TEP, del žvepla je naravnega (morskega) izvora. Razmerje C:N:S je 180:9:1. Glede na vrednosti faktorja obogatitve in rezultate geoakumulacijskega indeksa so tla v okolici TEP močno onesnažena z žveplom. The Thermoelectirc power plant Plomin (TPPP), Croatia is located in the middle of the eastern coast of Istrian peninsula (Northern Adriatic), and is considered to be the prime polluter of air in Istria. Between 1970 and 2000, mainly the coal from the local coal mine (Raša) was used. Coal contains between 10 and 14 wt. % of sulphur, and is considered as high organic sulphur coal. In the master thesis we established the level of soil contamination with sulphur in the vicinity of TPPP. 11 soil samples were taken and were analysed together with 3 samples of ash and 6 samples of high-S coal. Soil samples were taken at different distances from the power plant in the prevailing wind direction (SW), the control sample was also taken at a distance more than 10 km away. The coal samples were analysed for total S, ash samples for sulphate and soil samples for sulphate and the organic (humic and fulvic) sulphur. Sulphur concentration in bulk samples, as well as isotopic composition of sulphur was determined by EA-IRMS (IsoPrime 100 with PyroCube). The concentration of sulphur in samples taken in wind direction was more than 100-times higher (4 wt. %) than at the control side (0.04 wt. %) and decreased rapidly with distance from the TPPP. The speciation analysis showed that majority of S (>95 %) is present in organic form, mostly bound to humic acids. The δ34SVCDT values of bulk coal are between −5.0 to −10.0 ‰. In most soil samples, bulk δ34S were positive (+7,0 do +20 ‰). The values of sulphate in soil range between 1.0 and 5.5 ‰, while in organic S are between -3,5 in +6,0 ‰. That indicates that the atmospheric deposition of 34S-depleted fly ash and sulphate deriving from coal are the main S sources. Some part of sulphur in soil is marine origin too. The ratio C:N:S was calculated and it is 180:9:1. Enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index results indicate that the soil nearby TPPP are strongly contaminated with sulphur.

Po izkušnjah raziskav, ki so bile izvedene v letih 1985-1993 na točkah osnovne bioindikacijske mreže (16x16 km), sklepamo, da je bioindikacija onesnaženosti zraka z žveplovim dioksidom po metodi analize vsebnosti žvepla v iglicah smreke, črnega in rdečega bora zelo primerna in tudi dovolj zanesljiva za ugotavljanje ogroženosti gozdov zaradi žveplovega dioksida. Gozdovi na območju Alp, Trnovskega gozda, Snežnika, Javornika, širšega kočevsko-ribniškega območja in Gorjancev so najmanj obremenjeni z žveplom. Najbolj obremenjeni gozdovi pa so na območju Koroške, Celja, Ljubljane, Zasavja, Maribora in Prekmurja. Vsebnost žvepla se je v zadnjih letih povečala na območjih ob meji z Italijo, Hrvaško in Madžarsko ter v bližini močnih emijsiskih virov v notranjosti Slovenije.

Na posestvu Fakultete za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede, UKC Pohorski dvor, smo v letu 2007 raziskovali vpliv uporabe različnih kalcijevih gnojil (sadre in apna) ter različnih odmerkov sadre na lastnosti tal, vsebnost kalcija v listih, mineralno sestavo plodov, pomološke parametre jablan ter zrelostne in kakovostne parametre pridelka. Poskus je vključeval sorti 'Gala' in 'Braeburn'. Pri sorti 'Gala' je bilo v poskus vključenih 6 obravnavanj (5 t/ha sadre, 10 t/ha sadre, 15 t/ha sadre, 20 t/ha sadre, 25 t/ha sadre, 20 t/ha hidratiziranega apna, ter negnojeno kontrola), pri sorti 'Braeburn' pa 5 obravnavanj (15 t/ha sadre, 20 t/ha sadre, 25 t/ha sadre, 20 t/ha hidratiziranega apna in negnojeno kontrola). Uporaba hidratiziranega apna je pri sorti 'Gala' in 'Braeburn' rezultirala z največjo spremembo pH tal (povečanje pH), medtem ko uporaba sadre na pH tal ni imela odločilnega vpliva. Pri sorti 'Gala' je bila koncentracija kalcija v plodovih najbolj povišana pri uporabi 10 in 20 t/ha sadre ter nekoliko manj pri uporabi 20 t/ha apna, prav tako je bil tudi pri sorti 'Braeburn' vpliv kalcifikacije na povečanje koncentracije kalcija v plodovih najbolj izrazit pri uporabi 20 t/ha sadre. Vsebnost kalcija v listih se je pri sorti 'Braeburn' povečevala s povečevanjem odmerka sadre, prav tako vsebnost žvepla v tleh. Pri sorti 'Gala' se je koncentracija kalcija v listih povečala le pri uporabi 15 t/ha sadre, vsebnost žvepla v tleh pa se je povečevala z večanjem odmerka sadre. Najboljša obarvanost plodov (delež krovne barve) pri sorti 'Gala' je bila ugotovljena pri najvišjem odmerku sadre in apna, pri sorti 'Braeburn' pa vpliv vira in odmerka kalcijevih gnojil na obarvanost plodov ni bil potrjen. In the year 2007, at the property of the Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, called Pohorski dvor, we studied the impact of using different calcium fertilizers (lime and gypsum) and the impact of different doses of lime on soil, content of calcium in the leaves, on the mineral composition of fruits, pomological parameters of the apple trees as well as ripeness and quality parameters of the produce. The experiment included the cultivars 'Gala' and 'Braeburn'. The cultivar 'Gala' was included in 6 treatments (5 t/ha gypsum, 10 t/ha gypsum, 15 t/ha gypsum, 20 t/ha gypsum, 25 t/ha gypsum, 20 t/ha hydrated lime and unfertilised control samples) and the cultivar 'Braeburn' in 5 treatments (15 t/ha gypsum, 20 t/ha gypsum, 25 t/ha gypsum, 20 t/ha hydrated lime and unfertilised control samples). The use of hydrated lime resulted in the highest pH change (increased pH) with both cultivars, while the use of gypsum did not have a decisive impact on the pH in the soil. With the cultivar 'Gala', the calcium content in fruits increased the most, when 10 and 20 t/ha of gypsum was used. The use of 20 t/ ha of lime also substantially increased the concentration of calcium in the fruit, although not as much as with the use of gypsum. With the cultivar 'Braeburnu', the impact of calcification on increasing concentrations of calcium in the fruits was most prominent when using 20 t/ha of gypsum.With the cultivar Braeburnu, both calcium and sulfur content increased with higher doses of gypsum. With the cultivar Gala, the calcium content increased only when 15 t/ha of gypsum were used, whereas the sulfur content increased with higher doses of gypsum. The best coloring of the cultivar 'Gala' was observed in connection with the highest dose of gypsum and lime. With the the cultivar 'Braeburnu', no differences in the coloring of fruits were demonstrated as a result of fertilization with calcium fertilizers.

V diplomski nalogi so bile leta 2010 obravnavane vsebnosti dušika in žvepla ter izotopska sestava (Ž15N) v mahovih na območju celotne Slovenije. Mahovi vrste Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. So bili nabrani v gozdnem prostoru na 26 izbranih lokacijah, ki so sestavni del vzorčne mreže 16 Ž 16 in 16 Ž 8 km. Vsebnosti dušika in žvepla v mahovih so bile izmerjene z elementarnim analizatorjem. Določitve Ž15N so bile opravljene z masnim spektrometrom za analitiko stabilnih izotopov lahkih elementov. Ugotovljena je bila razlika vsebnosti dušika in žvepla med mahovi, ki smo jih nabrali pod zastorom, in tistimi na prostem. Ugotovljene vsebnosti dušika in žvepla v mahovih so bile večje pod zastorom, kar je najverjetneje posledica izpiranja zračnih onesnažils krošenj. Pri analizi vsebnosti dušika, žvepla in (Ž15N) pod zastorom in na prostem glede na tip gozda so bile ugotovljene statistično značilne razlike pod zastorom, na prostem pa med iglavci in listavci ni bilo statistično značilnih razlik. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se vsebnosti obeh elementov z oddaljenostjo od krošenj zmanjšujejo. V nalogi so bili preračunaniusedi dušika in žvepla primerjani med državami. Za dušikove usede je bilo ugotovljeno, da je Slovenija z letnim povprečjem 10,2 kg/ha pod švicarskim in nad nemškim povprečjem. Ugotovljen izračun usedov žvepla je bil povprečno 5,5 kg/ha letno, kar je precej več kot v švicarski raziskavi, kjer je bil used 2 kg/ha letno. The Thesis focuses on the concentration of nitrogen and sulphur as well as thenitrogen isotope ratio (Ž15N) in mosses of the whole Slovenia in year 2010.Moss specie Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. was sampled at a forest area on a regular 16 Ž 16 km and 8 x 16 km grid. Nitrogen and sulphur concentrations in mosses were determined with the CNS analyzer. The nitrogen isotope assessment was carried out with the stable isotope mass spectrometry for light elements. The research has shown that there are statistically significant differences between nitrogen and sulphur content in mosses sampled below the canopy and inthe gap, with higher nitrogen and sulphur content below the canopy due to canopy drip. It was further found that there are statistically significant differences in nitrogen levels in mosses collected below coniferous and deciduous trees, with higher content found below coniferous trees. For sulphurthe difference was not statistically significant, while the Ž15N value was less negative below deciduous and more negative below coniferous tree. In moss samples collected in the open area no difference neither for N, Ž15N and S according to type of the tree stand was found. The research shows, that concentration levels of N and S decreases with the distance from the plant crowns. A comparison of the nitrogen and sulphur deposition measured among countries was carried out. The average nitrogen deposition based on moss analysis for 26 locations in Slovenia was estimated to 10.2 kg/ha yearly, which is below the average deposition of Switzerland and above the average deposition of Germany. The average sulphur deposition for 26 locations was estimated to 5.5 kg/ha yearly, which is far above the Swiss average depositionof 2 kg/ha yearly.

V diplomski nalogi smo optimirali analizne metode za določitev spremljajočih komponent v žveplu. Poizkušali smo določiti vsebnost anorganskih snovi (pepel) in organskih snovi ter vsebnost kisline, izražene kot delež proste žveplove(VI) kisline v treh različnih vrstah vzorcev – v vzorcih tekočega in trdnega žvepla ter v filtrni pogači. Pri tem smo uporabili klasične analizne metode. Vsebnost anorganskih in organskih snovi smo določili gravimetrično, za določitev deleža proste žveplove(VI) kisline pa smo uporabili volumetrijsko analizo. Vzorcema trdnega žvepla in pogače smo določili tudi vsebnost vlage. Na osnovi dobljenih rezultatov smo ugotovili, da je določitev vsebnosti nečistoč (organskih snovi, pepela in proste H2SO4), katerih delež v vzorcu je majhen, s klasičnimi analiznimi metodami zelo težka. Najbolj primerljive in realne rezultate smo dobili pri določitvi proste H2SO4, kjer smo primerjali rezultate, dobljene s klasično nevtralizacijsko in potenciometrično titracijo. Rezultate smo testirali tudi z Grubbsovim testom za ubežnike, t- testom in F-testom. The diploma thesis optimizes analytical methods for determination of accompanying compounds in sulphur. One of the goals of the thesis was to determine the level of inorganic substances (ash) and organic substances, as well as the level of acid content, regarded as the percentage of free sulphuric(VI) acid in three different sample types, namely in samples of liquid and solid sulphur and of the filter cake. For this analysis the classical analytical methods were employed. The content of inorganic and organic substances was determined gravimetrically, while for the determination of the content level of the free sulphuric(VI) acid the volumetric analysis was employed. The level of moisture content was also determined in the samples of solid sulphur and cake. The results obtained by the analysis clearly show that the determination of impurities (organic substances, ash and free H2SO4), the content of which is rather low, can be very difficult using the classical analytical methods. The most comparable and realistic results were obtained for the determination of free H2SO4, where the results, obtained with the classic neutralisation titration and the potentiometric titration, were compared. The results were tested with the Grubbs test for outliers, the t-test and the F-test.