Search

Aim. Vitamin preparations are popular preparations among the population, and their uncontrolled use affects the safety of vitamin therapy. Modern approaches to drug safety in Ukraine include the collection of information about side effects of drugs thanks to reports that arise during clinical trials or medical use of drugs. Therefore, the annual update of pharmacovigilance data regarding the occurrence of adverse reactions during the implementation of vitamin therapy and the assessment of their safety is rational. The purpose of this study was to analyze the frequency of adverse reactions when using vitamin preparations in the Kharkiv region. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted using the method of spontaneous reports of side effects of drugs obtained from the database of the Automated Information System for Pharmacovigilance (AISP) of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for the period 2020- 2021. The objects of the study were cards reporting side effects when using vitamin preparations. Results. As a result, it was established that there have been reports of side effects from the use of vitamin preparations in medical institutions of the Kharkiv region. For the period of 2020-2021, on average, 3.1 % of reports from the total number of cases of adverse reactions to drugs were received. B vitamins received the most 77.2 % of reports. Of these, the largest number of reports was received for the drugs VITAXON (10.2 %), nicotin acid and pyridoxine hydrochloride (8.5 % each). Vitamin preparations showed mainly local side reactions - itching (23.7 %), rashes on the body (21.1 %), hyperemia of the skin (10.5 %), rashes like urticaria (5.3 %), facial hyperemia and edema at the injection site (3.5 % each). For PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE, a case of anaphylactic reaction was registered, which required additional medical assistance. The listed side reactions are included in the instructions for medical use of the drugs and are predictable. Conclusions. The obtained results can be used by representatives engaged in pharmacovigilance in Ukraine, in order to find ways to reduce harmfulness and eliminate unwanted reactions when using vitamin therapy in various fields of medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitamins are crucial physiologically important in maintaining the functional state of the nervous system. This importance of vitamins is due to their functional significance for the body: about 30 vitamins and vitamin-like substances are involved in ensuring the body’s vital functions. At the same time, their improper consumption can cause various adverse reactions, which can especially occur when taking high doses of certain vitamins. In addition to therapeutic effects, vitamins have negative effects in the spectrum of pharmacodynamics. Therefore, knowledge and analysis of the side effects of vitamins are important for effective and safe pharmacotherapy. The latter is especially important for the rational use of vitamins, taking into account their neurotoxic effects. Methods: The search for scientific information was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar. Results. A literature search was conducted on the side effects of vitamins on the nervous system and the conditions for rational intake to reduce their side effects were analyzed. Conclusions. Most statements about the benefits of vitamins are not based solely on evidence of their therapeutic effect and vitamin intake can be associated with serious adverse reactions that are rare but can occur when taking high doses. Particularly important is the negative potential of vitamins that can lead to damage to the nervous system if the concentration, distribution or metabolism of vitamins can be altered or if they are used improperly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockers of b-adrenoceptors are first-line drugs in the therapy of cardiac diseases. These drugs are widely used in the treatment of patients with hypertension, ischemic heart disease, chronic heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, glaucoma, migraine sufferers, etc. However, due to their pharmacological properties, these drugs also have certain class-specific side effects, which does not always allow their use in certain categories of patients. Adverse reactions of b-adrenoblockers in the city of Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region for the period 2018–2022 were analyzed. It was established that b-adrenoblockers cause side reactions rather rarely (0.78%). Adverse reactions to the b-adrenoblockers group occur more often in women than in men. Adverse reactions occur earlier in men than in women (the difference is 6.8 years). The conducted study indicates a small number of adverse reactions when using b-adrenergic blockers, but a more thorough study of the gender specificity of the side effects of the drugs is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Osteoarthritis of the knee (OAK) causes severe pain and sometimes disability, which reduces the quality of life and work capacity of patients. Today, the prevalence of OAK is increases; therefore, the development of methods for its treatment and the use of means that slow down or stop the progression of OAK are relevant. Since OAK is a slowly progressive disease, the search for effective drugs with minimal toxicity and a long-lasting effect, which prevent the destruction of articular cartilage and improve the working conditions of the patient, is ongoing. Thus, the main goals of OAK treatment are to reduce symptoms and slow the progression of the disease, which can reduce the negative impact of OAK on the patient’s functional capacity, as well as improve quality of life. OAK is characterized by the progressive destruction of the articular cartilage, especially when it bears a load. In the joint, cartilage aggrecan is the main structural component that provides hydrophilicity and allows to withstand compression loads. Aggrecan is a complex of proteoglycans with hyaluronic acid and is characterized by a high content of chondroitin sulfate chains, while proteoglycan consists of protein and glycosaminoglycan chains (the precursor of the latter is glucosamine). Therefore, it is believed that the treatment of OAK with glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate can stimulate the synthesis of proteoglycan and thereby slow down the process of joint degeneration and promote their recovery in OAK. These cartilage metabolites are produced in the human body and are important components of joints for their functioning. Purpose: to conduct an analysis of literature data on the effectiveness of chondroprotective agents in comparison with other pharmacological groups for the elimination of pain and inflammation during the treatment of OAK. Materials and methods. The search for scientific information was carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar electronic databases. Results. A search for literature on chondroprotective agents was conducted and the effectiveness of chondroprotective agents to eliminate pain and inflammation in the treatment of OAK was analyzed in comparison with other pharmacological groups. Conclusions. Chondroprotective agents have particular advantages in the symptomatic treatment of OAK: chondroitin sulfate is a natural glycosaminoglycan (found in cartilage and extracellular matrix) and therefore has advantages in the symptomatic treatment of OAK due to its anti-inflammatory activity. Besides, in OAK, chondroitin sulfate provides resistance to compression, maintaining the structural integrity of cartilage, and homeostasis, slowing down its destruction and reducing pain in inflamed muscles. It is most often used in combination with glu cosamine sulfate for the treatment of OAK, as the latter plays a key role in the regulation of the processes of cell development and ad hesion, proliferation and differentiation of cartilage. These agents (glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate) are used as symptomatically slow-acting drugs in OAK. No serious side effects or overdos es have been reported in the literature, suggesting their safety in the long-term treatment of OAK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)