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In order to clarify the goals of the green transition on a global scale, it is necessary to familiarize ourselves with the specific legislative initiatives already made by the EC. A concrete example is the Green Deal, which focuses on decarbonising the economies of the EU countries and achieving carbon neutrality in the Union by 2050, setting out the steps to make Europe the first climate-neutral continent by 2050 in line with the objectives of The Paris Agreement. The EU's Green Deal also includes protecting biodiversity, establishing a circular economy and eliminating pollution, increasing industrial competitiveness and ensuring a fair transition for affected regions and workers. Carbon emissions are given a key place to ensure the contribution of every person and every sector. The EU plans to adopt a carbon tax for third countries this year and a revision of the Energy Taxation Directive. The European Green Deal is one of the priorities of the European Commission. It aims to make Europe the first climate-neutral continent by 2050 and preserve its nature and biodiversity, while strengthening the competitiveness of European industry and ensuring a fair transition for affected regions and workers. The ESG regulation entered into force at the beginning of 2024. It is mandatory for the largest companies, with over 25 million euros in assets and over 500 employees. It will gradually become mandatory for smaller companies as well. In 2028, it will become mandatory for small and medium-sized companies, and then for those with subsidiaries in Europe ESG stands for Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance - the three aspects of business. "Behind each letter are different things, indicators related to climate change. Behind E are energy efficiency, measurement of greenhouse emissions and water resources. S - stands for social aspects - aimed at the company's employees, such as workplace safety and equal pay for men and women G - is for governance policies such as reducing corruption and tax transparency In reality, ESG is the tool that enforces sustainable financial models that cover environmental, social and corporate governance norms. Along with their financial reporting, companies will also have to disclose their ESG practices through non-financial reporting. They will have the same important role in determining the state of a business along with its financial indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of an innovative economy is one of the key directions of Kazakhstan's strategic development. In the context of global competition and rapid technological progress, the ability of regions to introduce and adapt innovations is becoming a decisive factor in economic growth and increasing the country's competitiveness on the world stage. Kazakhstan, with its significant natural resource potential, is striving to move to a new model of economic development based on knowledge, innovation and technology. The article examines the impact of innovations on the economic development of the regions of Kazakhstan. The study covers an analysis of the current state of innovation infrastructure, including science and technology parks, incubators and accelerators, as well as government support programs aimed at stimulating innovation activity in the regions. The paper examines the main problems and barriers to innovation, as well as analyzes the correlation between innovation and key economic indicators such as gross regional product, unemployment and investment attraction. Special attention is paid to international experience, which is being considered in order to develop recommendations for improving regional innovation policy in Kazakhstan. The study is based on statistical data and includes methods of correlation analysis to identify the relationship between innovation and economic development. As a result of the analysis, recommendations have been formulated to improve regional policies aimed at stimulating innovation, which, in turn, can help accelerate economic growth and increase the competitiveness of Kazakhstan's regions at the global level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HEX Pixhawk 2.1 CUBE ORANGE+ in combination with Mission Planner software package is used for effective motion control of unmanned aerial and swimming vehicles. The article aims to develop efficient methods of flight trajectory generation for USVs to improve the accuracy and safety of autonomous missions. This research aims to develop and validate methods of trajectory construction for unmanned vehicles and analyze the motion of mobile robots taking into account the impact of currents. Different flight parameters such as altitude, velocity, and heading are considered, as well as methods for controlling the USVs according to the given targets. Special attention is given to safety and the configuration of sensors and devices required for autonomous flight. The author's results include the development of trajectory planning algorithms, evaluation of the effect of currents on the robot's motion, and development of software to acquire and process seafloor data. Graphs and computational results demonstrating the effect of current velocity on robot trajectory are presented for visualization and analysis. Software development methods for acquiring and processing seabed depth data using HEX Pixhawk 2.1 CUBE ORANGE+ hardware and an echolocation device are also described. The obtained results have both theoretical and practical significance. In the theoretical aspect, the proposed methods allow us to control USVs more efficiently and analyze their behavior in different conditions. In practical terms, it opens new perspectives for seabed exploration and autonomous missions with high accuracy and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Central Asian Economic Review is the property of Narxoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of History / Habaršy Tarihi Seriâsy is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Law Series is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Physical Culture: Upbringing, Education, Training is the property of National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Современный мир характеризуется повсеместным использованием информационных систем и технологий, что определяет специфику общества и экономики. Сегодня организации мясоперерабатывающей промышленности используют в своей деятельности информационные системы и технологии с целью повышения качества финансовой работы. С их помощью значительно повысилась скорость и надежность обмена информацией, что, в свою очередь, оказало влияние на общий уровень эффективности деятельности. Внедрение электронного документооборота в систему экономических отношений организаций мясоперерабатывающей промышленности позволяет интегрировать его с другими информационными системами, такими как система учета, система управления документами или система управления отношениями с клиентами. Это обеспечивает единый и согласованный поток информации внутри организации. В статье показано, что внедрение электронного документооборота актуально для организаций, где операции происходят на большом объеме документов. Электронный документооборот позволяет обеспечить высокий уровень безопасности и контроля над документами.

As the object of research in the paper practical solutions in terms of material and non-material incentives for personnel in energy companies as well as methodological guidelines justifying their implementation are chosen. The subject area chosen is the processes of personnel motivation in energy companies in Russia. The objective of the study is to formulate directions for improving this work based on the analysis of information presented in the open press about existing approaches to building a system of personnel motivation in energy companies, taking into account modern transformations in the industry and the demand for innovative development. The methods used in this article include theoretical analysis of scientific literature on personnel motivation in relation to the development of the energy sector, graphical method, analysis of statistical data, analysis of documents covering decisions on personnel motivation in energy companies and the application of advanced digital technologies in management. The main result of the study is the conclusion that the basis for the development of the motivation system should be the perception of employees not as one of the company's resources, but as its value asset, the growth of their involvement for the benefit of achieving the goals and objectives which implies a change in the approach to the personnel motivation system, namely, the strengthening of the personalised component. This approach will allow to focus on incentives, tangible and intangible, oriented to each specific specialist, according to his/her role, contribution and prospects for the organisation. Tangible non-monetary incentives may (with equal amounts in terms of monetary equivalent) differ depending on the employee's interests, his/her needs (education, sports, examinations, hobbies, etc.) and the needs of their family. Non-material incentives related to the formal and informal status and personal brand of an employee in the organisation should also be individualised. This implies the use of AI to process an array of information about existing employees and determine their real contribution to the company's development, their performance at their current place of work, and to develop individualised motivational proposals with subsequent measurement of their performance.

By introducing Territorial Use Rights for Fisheries (TURF), the Chilean government has devolved authority over the appropriation of benthic fisheries to local fishers' organisations. Yet there is little evidence of how this local governance works for membership organisations. Drawing on the theory of lateral network governance, the role of legitimacy in governance outcomes is examined by conducting a comparative case study of two TURF networks in northern Chile. Counterintuitively, more effective governance outcomes were found in the TURF network characterised by a less favourable legitimacy structure of decision-making than the case with a better legitimacy structure. Considering context and network evolution, it is suggested that although organisational renewal and high membership turnover potentially fragment legitimacy, they also enable novel collective action and better governance outcomes. The observed divergence of actual legitimacy from formal governance structure underscores the need for dynamic analysis of collective resource governance beyond the formal chart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Central Asian Economic Review is the property of Narxoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is devoted to the consideration of some territorial and spatial problems in the Republic of Bulgaria. The focus of the research and analysis is the administrativeterritorial authorities and the assessment of the planning areas in the country. The work sets out certain views and options for targeted spatial planning policies at the level of planning districts. A position is expressed on the possibility of taking steps to introduce an intermediate level of regional governance in Bulgaria, as well as the introduction of a second level of selfgovernment. Proposals have been made to restructure planning districts and turn them into administrative management bodies to improve state governance and effective implementation of regional policies. It is argued that a change in the functional structure in the vertical hierarchy of governance can set a new positive moment in governance to strengthen the effectiveness of regional development. In the presentation the author has presented relevant conclusions and perspectives for urban areas and agglomerations, as well as the role of the Bulgarian village within the municipalities. Some new trends in regional development related to the spatial development of our national territory have been captured, which have a debatable character, but also need pragmatic solutions for the planning areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economic Series of the Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov ENU is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aims to enhance interactions within smart city infrastructures by systematically analyzing associated challenges and proposing strategic solutions. Employing methodologies such as system analysis, synthesis, optimization, modeling, and decision-making—while considering process uncertainties—we dissect the "smart city" and "smart city dweller" concepts, charting their evolutionary cycles. The results outline a structural framework for interactions between citizens, the state, businesses, and society, integrating key subsystems into a unified infrastructure. We also evaluate feedback mechanisms in urban projects like "Active Citizen" and "Garbage. Not.Net," and investigate smart city self-regulation using the Hurwitz criterion. These insights provide actionable guidance for assessing and advancing smart city projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the adoption of some key regulatory requirements at the European level, by the member states of the European Union (EU), including and the Republic of Bulgaria, new competencies related to sustainable development are required. Auditors, as well as their clients, must integrate these innovations into their activities, but also the oversightl bodies to observe, and regulate these changes. Global issues (social, environmental, human rights) directly affect to the financial reporting. The general reason is the information that is submitted to the annual financial statements of each company. In this line, every certified public accountant is obliged to include additional expertise in the field of ecology, sociology and others, according to the specifics of the audited company's activity. A significant problem is the current lack of methodological guidelines to auditors. Although there are standards developed by the EU, this is not enough. The even more serious challenge facing the auditing community is the lack of control and oversight of policies related to environmental, social and governance factors. This fact gives grounds for the realization of mistakes and frauds, which could be with direct or indirect intent. In addition, the lack of methodology for control and oversight by public authorities indicates the formalization of the implementation of these policies. A demotivating event is the lack of regulated market prices related to sustainability audits and environmental, social and management factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Perspectives of Higher Education Development / Oliy Ta'lim Taraqqiyoti Istiqbollari is the property of NGO NEO Hamkor and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Public Administration & Civil Service / Memlekettìk Basķaru Ža̋ne Memlekettìk Ķyzmet is the property of Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan / Akademiya Gosun and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Pedagogical Sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Статья посвящена проблеме определения и учета главных свойств в развитии системы риск-менеджмента строительной отрасли. Рассматриваются такие концепции, как риск, классификация рисков, информатизация рисков, основные принципы развития системы риск-менеджмента в работе предприятий, инвестиционных проектов и процессов. Целью статьи является исследование свойств и методов улучшения эффективности деятельности строительных предприятий, основанное на развитии системы риск-менеджмента. Объектом исследования в статье является строительная отрасль и предприятия в России. Предметом исследования является специфика развития системы риск-менеджмента в данной сфере. Методами исследования являются теоретический анализ и эмпирическое исследование, в частности анализ статистических данных, а также описание и группировка данных. Информационной базой для изучения данной проблемы явились литературные источники по вопросам деятельности строительных холдингов в условиях влияния факторов внешней и внутренней среды на процесс разработки их стратегии функционирования и развития, научные статьи, монографии, электронные ресурсы, источники правового характера. Методологической основой при выполнении статьи послужили такие научные методы, как описание, сравнение, классификация.

В статье представлены классификации стилей управления. Каждый стиль управления подробно рассмотрен. Выявлены плюсы и минусы основных видов управления. Представлены методы и модели руководства. Определено, что классификация стилей руководства на предприятии является ключевым элементом успешного управления персоналом и достижения поставленных целей. В данной теме рассматриваются различные подходы к определению и классификации стилей руководства, такие как автократический, демократический, либеральный, трансформационный и иные. Определено, что каждый стиль руководства имеет свои особенности, преимущества и недостатки, и понимание их различий позволяет выбирать наиболее подходящий стиль в зависимости от конкретной ситуации на предприятии. Сделано заключение, что изучение и понимание различных стилей руководства на предприятии помогает руководителям эффективно взаимодействовать с сотрудниками, строить доверительные отношения и добиваться общих целей компании.

Птицеводство является одной из крупнейших и наиболее быстро развивающихся агропромышленных отраслей в мире. Это можно объяснить увеличением спроса на продукты из мяса птицы и яиц. Однако основной проблемой, с которой сталкивается птицеводство, является крупномасштабное накопление отходов, включая навоз и подстилку, которые могут создать проблемы с утилизацией и загрязнением, если не будут разработаны экологически и экономически устойчивые технологии управления. Большая часть подстилки, производимой птицеводством, в настоящее время вносится на сельскохозяйственные угодья в качестве источника питательных веществ и удобрения почвы. Однако загрязнение окружающей среды в результате вымывания питательных веществ и загрязняющих веществ может произойти, когда птичий помет применяется в почвенных и климатических условиях, которые не благоприятствуют агрономическому использованию питательных веществ, содержащихся в навозе. В статье рассматривается состав птичьего помета с точки зрения содержания питательных веществ и загрязнителей окружающей среды, его ценность как источника питательных веществ, удобрения почвы, корма для животных и источника топлива, а также экономически эффективные инновационные технологии для повышения его ценности. Птичий помет является основным источником азота, фосфора и микроэлементов для растениеводства и эффективен в повышении физического и биологического плодородия, что указывает на то, что земледелие остается основным вариантом использования этого ценного ресурса. В обзоре предлагаются передовые методы управления для смягчения экологических последствий, связанных с параметрами качества воздуха и воды, на которые влияет земледелие, с целью поддержания постоянной производительности, прибыльности и устойчивости птицеводческой отрасли.

Rezumat.Tumorile la copii au particularități de dezvoltare naturală, de diagnostic și clinică, de structură morfologică, de vîrstă, de sex, de predelecție etc. În structura morbidității oncopediatrice prevalează hemoblastozele 58-60%, tumorile creierului 17-18%, rinichiului 7-7,5%, a oaselor 5,0-5,5%, sarcoamele țesuturilor moi 4,0-4,5%, tumorile glandei tiroide 0,8-1,0%,a organelor reproductive 1,0-1,2%, a ficatului - 1,0%, altele - 2,5-3,0% [15, 16, 23].Tumorile la copii ocupă locul 2 în structura mortalităâii copiilor până la 18 ani. Un loc aparte îi revine sarcomului Eving, tumorii lui Wilms, rabdomiosarcomului embrionar și altele [21].Și serviciul oncologic are particularotățile sale manageriale, să dispună de anumite criterii, facilități, centrele să fie specializate în oncopediatrie, să dispună de specialiști, dispozitive tehnice, tehnologii de diagnostic și tratament, echipamente medicale și medicamente generice și eficiente. Serviciul trebuie să dispună de specialiști oncopediatri în fiecare zonă a Republicii Moldova - nord, centru, sud și sud-est. Este necesară o colaborare interdisciplinară cu medicina de familie, specialiștii din teritoriu și cu veriga specializată terțiară, dar și cu familiile acestor copilași, cu organele administrativ teritoriale și cu sectorul asociativ. E necesară infrastructura serviciului oncopediatric consultativ și interdependența cu Institutul Oncologic, cu Centrele de reabilitare, de educație continuă în condiții de spital și de tratament paliativ, cu serviciile asistenței sociale.

В статье анализируется деятельность правителей чингизидских государств XIII—XIV вв. по охране правопорядка в городах и прочих населённых пунктах. Прослеживается эволюция институтов, осуществлявших правоохранительные функции в Монгольской империи и её улусах. Основное внимание уделяется соотношению монгольских имперских и местных принципов и институтов в отдельных улусах с учётом их специфики и традиций в организации правоохранительных структур. Впервые в научный оборот вводится русский перевод ярлыка о назначении на должность исфахсалара — сановника, отвечающего за охрану правопорядка в монгольском Иране из трактата«Дастур ал-катиб», составленного персидским чиновником Мухаммедом б. Хиндушахом Нахчивани в 1360-х гг. Авторы приходят к выводу, что в организации охраны правопорядка в улусах Чингизидов в рассматриваемый период проявлялись примерно одинаковые тенденции — усложнение системы правоохранительных органов, активное вовлечение в эту деятельность представителей местного населения, существенное влияние прежних традиций стран и регионов, находившихся под властью потомков Чингис-хана.

Copyright of German International Journal of Modern Science / Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für Zeitgenössische Wissenschaft is the property of Artmedia24 and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

На основе сопоставления мнений авторитетных специалистов по управленческой науке и поучений святых отцов Православной Церкви выявляются как общие черты, так и отличия светского и православного взглядов на продвижение по службе.

The subject of the behavior of the individual in the organization is increasingly relevant these days. The strict and responsible fulfillment of the set goals depends on the behavior of the person who changes his actions under the influence of external or internal factors. Behavior can be conscious or unconscious, overt or covert, voluntary or involuntary. Organizational behavior as a scientific field studies the enduring characteristics of human behavior and human communities from the perspective of organized labor and management. It is an interdisciplinary field dedicated both to the study and understanding of the causes, structure and dynamics of individual and group work behavior, as well as to the practice of its impact, its actual practical management. Organizational behavior is concerned with defining, understanding, expecting and controlling human behavior within the organization and its environment. The potential motivating or demotivating impact of all aspects of organizational behavior is subject to reconsideration from the perspective of desired changes in behavior. These aspects include organizational culture, formal and informal structures and relationships, interpersonal behavior, communications, management and leadership. Individuality is an important factor and indicator expressing a particular and specific way of thinking of the person, emotional experience and behavior, which determine the unique attitude towards the environment and the personal self. Of particular importance in determining individuality are abilities and intelligence. An object of understandable attention is the behavior of the individual in the organization and the determinants of responsible organizational behavior. Organizational behavior seeks to provide practically useful tools for behavioral analysis at several levels. The behavioral process takes place in several dimensions, each with its own function. Each management approach also has motivational dimensions, because both activities are directly or indirectly related to the behavior of the organization's members. Managing organizational behavior includes both general and specific functions that must be performed by effective leaders. The specific approaches and techniques they use should reflect both the cultural specificity and the specific situation. The effectiveness of the modern manager is associated with style and influence tactics in the management of organizational behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital revolution and new information technologies, as well as the ability to access any scientific information, have changed the relationship between doctor and patient. In dentistry, more and more software products and hardware devices are entering, which are a factor in the development of future treatment strategies and processes. Modern dentistry diagnoses and plans through 3D digital X-ray examination, caries detector, 3D electronic periodontal probe, thermal imaging camera, smile design software, ultrasound recorders for mandibular movements, etc. The information obtained in a non-invasive way for the patient is sufficient not only for making a diagnosis, but also for choosing a treatment method, eliminating manual procedures and the possibility of combining inaccuracies and human error. Digital impressions made with intraoral cameras have replaced conventional ones. They immediately generate a computer image on which the dentist projects the design of the future orthodontic appliance or structure, and the associated software creates by milling or printing the future product. These processes are fast and accurate, reduce human labor, save clinical time, and sell patients more than health and new experiences. The digital transformation of business as a complete process invariably includes digital marketing as an element for a new type of communication and gaining trust in new and strengthening trust in old customers. Digital marketing encompasses all marketing efforts that encompass internet marketing and marketing in non-internet digital channels. Information, communication, cloud and other technologies have increased the productivity capacity and reduced the services and goods. The Internet has provided opportunities for greater participation of users in the process of creating new products, by individualizing the demand and, accordingly, the supply of services. Digital technologies have made designing, prototyping and manufacturing products fast and customizable. The concept of digital marketing is invariably associated with increased consumer confidence in products, influenced by recommendations for the respective brand or service. Therefore, the development of brands depends on the quantity and quality of information that is available on the Internet. It can be said that digitalization is based on three components: Technological - includes building a digital infrastructure; Educational - training to work with digital technologies; Communication - accessibility to digital technologies. The topic is current, my main thesis is that the digitalization of dental services and their effective management increases the potential of the dental clinic. The object of research is the Specialized Orthodontic Dental Center "GreOrtho", as a synonym in the text in interchangeability mode I will use the name "Clinic". The research methods are literature review, survey method and data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until a few years ago, the purpose of the business investing was to increase revenue and quick returns for the owners, without taking into account how all this affects nature in a social and ecological aspect. In recent years and under the influence of the crises, more and more companies are already reviewing their place, taking into account the public interest, which led to the emergence of CSR, or business responsibility in a corporate and social direction, and recently we already have ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance, or corporate management aimed at environmental and social responsibilities.ESG is based on three conditions or components that assess or influence the sustainability of investments made, related to the environment, social impact and corporate responsibility of management, which should improve returns for owners, reducing investment risk and aiming to increase value.Environmental factors are as a manager of nature regarding observed climate changes, toxic emissions released and greenhouse effect, social focus is regarding personnel selection and management, relationships with contractors, labor safety, etc., and corporate governance concerns training and opportunities, and leadership qualities, remuneration, auditing and control, as well as ensuring openness and access to management, etc. ESG is a framework for looking at how a company impacts the environment and society, and managers to facilitate business should consider the impact of the three factors mentioned to facilitate the integration of the framework. It would be good for every business to go through a certain process to determine the important topics through the lens of ESG and plan the future for their business to meet the changing business environment. ESG is implemented through the application of standards and relevant reporting, based on the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), which specifies from 01.01.2024 that organizations with more than 250 employees and/or a turnover exceeding 40,000,000 euros to prepare reports on what is ESG impact. Also essential is the Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR), enabling investors to focus their efforts on environmental impact, social impact and governance issues. There is also the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive (UCPD) to protect various consumers from various misrepresentations and frauds by traders. There is also an EU Taxonomy to create different parameters to measure the degree of sustainability of different processes and activities. The regulator behind ESG, the European Green Deal, aims to make Europe a climate-neutral continent in the coming years. The main point is the European investment plan, which can provide about one trillion euros of investments in this direction by 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eurasian Physical Technical Journal is the property of E.A. Buketov Karaganda University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Educational Sciences (2520-2634) is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The contribution of I. I. Tchaikovsky, head of the St. Petersburg agency of the Russian Society of Shipping and Trade (RSST= ROPiT), to the development of trade relations between St. Petersburg and the Russian Black Sea ports in 1894—1896 is analyzed. The result is comparative indicators of cargo transportation between the Russian capital and major port cities, the quantity, range and directions of commodity flows, their belonging to specific entrepreneurs and firms are revealed. Using a variety of archival data, it is shown that under the leadership of Tchaikovsky, the Black Sea-Baltic shipping line had a positive impact on the development of interregional trade relations. The agency's activities are seen as an example of business operations that have changed the dynamics of large cabotage, increasing the importance of sea freight by combining regularity with regional demand for industrial and agricultural products. The role of Tchaikovsky as a leader is interpreted in the context of his search and implementation of a balance between the preferences of individuals, firms and government agencies interested in the activities of the Black Sea-Baltic line, on the one hand, and the corporate interests of RSST (ROPiT) in their strategic (ensuring the growth of domestic and cross-border cargo transportation) content - on the other side.

Статья затрагивает вопросы аутсорсинга информационной безопасности в финансовых организациях. Подробно рассматривается значимость определения рисков и разработки Service Level Agreements (SLA) в контексте аутсорсинга, подчеркивая необходимость тщательного планирования и учета специфических требований финансовых организаций. Выделены ключевые аспекты аутсорсинга информационной безопасности. Особое внимание уделяется вопросам мониторинга и контроля параметров оценки услуг, включая процедуры мониторинга, уведомления, регулярного контроля и хранения данных для проверки. Также статья обращает внимание на особенности российского рынка услуг информационной безопасности и важность адаптации стратегии аутсорсинга к этим особенностям. Статья предоставляет ценные рекомендации для финансовых организаций, стремящихся обеспечить надежную информационную безопасность.

he article focuses on current issues in the field of application of Decision Support Systems (DSS) in the management of photovoltaic (PV) projects. In the era of renewable energy growth and the increasing need for environmentally sustainable solutions, PV projects are becoming increasingly important. In order to successfully execute such projects, informed decision-making and optimal resource utilization are required. One effective solution in this direction is the implementation of an integrated DSS, which supports the decision-making process. The article assesses the functions of DSS in PV projects, with a particular emphasis on its capabilities for data management and analysis, scenario analysis and simulation, as well as risk assessment and management. Using the case method, the importance of DSS in improving decision-making, optimizing resource allocation and increasing the efficiency of PV projects is argued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Энергосбережение является стратегическим направлением развития экономики Российской Федерации. Львиная доля потребления энергоресурсов приходится на жилищно-коммунальное хозяйство. Важную роль в экономии тепловой энергии, затрачиваемой на отопление жилищного фонда, играет качество их теплозащиты. В настоящее время в эксплуатации находится огромное количество зданий, построенных до ввода в действие современных норм по требованиям теплозащиты. Показатели удельных расходов тепловой энергии на отопление в таких зданиях значительно превышают значения для современных зданий, построенных с учетом актуальных требований и норм. В связи с этим представляет интерес поиск правильного технико-экономического решения – согласиться с увеличенными расходами тепловой энергии или проводить утепление наружных ограждающих конструкций. В статье приведена оценка результатов определения приведенного сопротивления теплопередаче наружных стен жилого здания, эксплуатируемого с 1970 г. Для рассматриваемого здания предложен вариант утепления наружных ограждений в соответствии с действующими нормами, определена сметная стоимость строительно-монтажных работ. Определена экономическая целесообразность выполнения мероприятий по повышению теплозащиты наружных ограждающих конструкций обследуемого здания. Цель – определение эффективного способа управления объектами жилищного фонда с учетом политики энергосбережения. Метод или методология проведения работы: в статье использовались результаты натурного эксперимента, а также технико-экономические методы анализа. Результаты: определены показатели, определяющие технико-экономическую целесообразность проведения энергосберегающих мероприятий для эксплуатирующихся объектов жилой застройки. Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять на уровне управляющих компаний или муниципалитетов.

Many specialists know the problem of the “last mile”, which consists in a noticeable increase in the difficulties and costs that arise at the final stages of a process in economic systems. In some cases, insufficient efficiency and effectiveness of processes has background that arises at the initial stage of the process, or are generally beyond it. This problem of the “first mile” is considered in this article on the example of the organization of procurement activities of industrial companies.

The paper considers the application of neural networks in the construction of a digital twin of a technological process. The purpose of the presented research is to process the data accumulated by the automatic control system of a small-sized drying plant about the technological processes occurring on it during the last time, to train a neural network on their basis and to form a digital (neural network) model of temperature change in a thermal chamber. Elements of machine learning are used involving a multilayer neural network of direct propagation. The method of error back propagation is used in the work where the error value of the output neuron is projected onto all the weights of all the neurons of the network, starting from the output and ending with the weights of the neurons of the input layer. During the training, the network received information about the power of the plant's actuators and the temperature in the thermal chamber changing over time. Upon completion of the training, the state of the neural network was formed, which is a digital model of temperature changes in the thermal chamber of a small-sized drying plant. The model obtained with the help of a neural network (digital twin) has shown a correlation with experimental data with an average absolute percentage error not exceeding 3 %. Thus, the behavior of the neural network model is adequate to the real object. Further research in the field of the formation of a digital twin of a technological object (taking into account additional parameters in the model, formation of a neuroregulator based on the model) is necessary and planned by the authors.

The Arctic is a strategically important region for Russia. In the process of searching for new solutions for the rapid construction of energy-efficient and safe buildings in the Arctic, it is necessary to develop systems for monitoring and maintaining indoor microclimate, ensuring optimal use of resources and implementing building management systems. Continuous automatic monitoring will help to increase comfort and safety in the room, as well as to reduce energy costs. The possibility of remote data transmission will allow you quickly respond to emergency situations and take actions to prevent the development of accidents. Employees and students of the Department of Automation and Computer Engineering of the Murmansk State Technical University have carried out the development and testing of a software and hardware complex based on a model object on the University territory. At the first stage, a group of researchers has developed a system for automated monitoring of microclimate parameters and an automated system for electric energy metering. The paper presents a detailed description of the functionality of the developed hardware and software modules; it describes the concept of an automated building management system, which is currently the next stage in the development of the system.

Цель. Обзор и анализ основных результатов научно-технической деятельности сотрудников кафедры информационных технологий (в составе учебно-научного комплекса автоматизированных систем и информационных технологий) Академии Государственной противопожарной службы МЧС России. Методы. Общая методология работы предусматривает использование теоретических методов исследования (обзор, описание, анализ). Результаты. В работе проведен анализ основных результатов научно-технической деятельности МЧС России в области информационных технологий на примере достижений кафедры информационных технологий (в составе учебно-научного комплекса) автоматизированных систем и информационных технологий Академии Государственной противопожарной службы МЧС России. Описаны перспективные направления научно-технической деятельности МЧС России в области информационных технологий. Область применения исследований. Результаты обзора и анализа достижений научно-технической деятельности МЧС России в области информационных технологий могут послужить базой для совершенствования и повышения эффективности деятельности, а также определения перспективных направлений развития информационных технологий для сопровождения всех профессиональных направлений деятельности в области пожарной безопасности и чрезвычайных ситуаций.

Британские политические элиты считались образцом классического поведения, эталоном успешной практики, вершиной дипломатической службы и т.д., и т.п. Но со временем крушения проекта под названием «Британская империя» в мире многое изменилось. Изменились не в лучшую сторону и сами британские элиты. В настоящее время они переживают самое критическое за всю свою многовековую историю состояние, чему есть целая система объективных причин. Но при этом источник своего упадка британские элиты по-прежнему ищут на стороне, обвиняя других (в первую очередь, Россию) в злонамеренном к себе отношении. Кризис управления британских политических элит проявляется в системном сбое стратегического планирования, когда политической бюрократии не удается на практике реализовать свои исходные замыслы. Для британцев и всего англосаксонского мира наступили непростые времена, связанные с кризисом и разрушением их мировой гегемонии в условиях монополярного миропорядка. Настоящая работа посвящена анализу современного состояния британских политических элит, существующих у них культурно-исторических традиций и ментальных комплексов неполноценности, вносящих в их профессиональную деятельность откровенно деструктивный характер.

Copyright of Central Asian Economic Review is the property of Narxoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the various theoretical sources, the corporation is most often considered as a legal entity that appears as an object of obligations under a certain law and is created by one or more natural persons for a certain purpose. Usually, the owners of the corporation, who are shareholders, hire other people to run it, such as a board of directors. Thus, those who manage and make decisions for the corporation are not shareholders, but managers. Thus, a corporation is a legal entity created to do business and has the same rights as an ordinary enterprise, to own and trade its own shares, to buy raw materials, materials and assets, to produce and sell goods and services, etc. The corporation is managed by a manager or team, such as hired management personnel, who are responsible for the corporate debts, which does not apply to shareholders, and even if there is a risk of loss of liquid assets, this only applies to their invested capital, as per thus, corporate business is characterized by limited liability. In addition, there are no risks and complications in the transfer of rights to shares when they are sold, which means that the sale of shares cannot undermine the entire activity. Regardless of everything, in corporations, corporate management and corporate control come to the fore, the latter having the objectives of protecting the interests of the shareholders, monitoring the rights and obligations of the governing bodies, preventing conflicts of interest, controlling information about interested parties such as customers, suppliers, creditors, competitors, institutions, etc., as well as for its disclosure and transparency, to monitor the existence and application of an anti-corruption policy and an environmental and personnel policy, for the establishment of an audit committee, and internal control systems and audit etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Economic Research & Business Administration is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Pedagogical Sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the development of management theory in the field of production management of military products. The results of studies of this problem by different authors are analyzed. It is established that information and telecommunication technologies are one of the most important factors determining the direction of organizational, technological and economic development of enterprises at the present time. The process of informatization of enterprise management is proposed to be considered as one of the most important mechanisms for reforming the defense industry. This mechanism should ensure the creation of effective competitive forms of organization and management of the military-industrial complex. This mechanism should ensure the creation of effective competitive forms of organization and management of the military-industrial complex. It is proposed to implement the accelerated introduction of modern information and telecommunication technologies in the process of managing the diversification of production by creating virtual clusters in the military-industrial complex and ensuring the sharing of information by enterprises that are part of them. A virtual cluster model has been developed and a list of tasks that need to be solved for its creation has been defined. The implementation of these research results in practice will contribute to improving the efficiency of diversification activities of enterprises of the military-industrial complex.

Внедрение системы менеджмента качества является одним из ключевых элементов в развитии предприятий в современном мире. В рамках написания данной статьи был проведен анализ данных об использовании системы менеджмента качества на российских предприятиях. Анализ включал в себя исследования научных статей, аналитических отчетов, тематической литературы. В ходе анализа было выявлено, что внедрение системы менеджмента качества на российских предприятиях легкой промышленности приводит к улучшению качества продукции, снижению производственных затрат и повышению ее конкурентоспособности на рынке. Кроме того, внедрение системы менеджмента качества на предприятии способствует улучшению организации рабочих процессов и снижению рисков, связанных с качеством продукции. На основе анализа результатов исследования можно заключить, что внедрение системы менеджмента качества является необходимым шагом для развития предприятий легкой промышленности.

In this paper the authors try to highlight some of the problems facing higher education in Bulgaria. The relevance of the problem and research attempts to analyze the system and its supporting elements are presented. The article is an attempt to take a picture of higher education in Bulgaria, in the context of the specialists prepared by it. Using a questionnaire survey, the authors derive the needs of the labor market and the regional focus of socio-economic development. Analysis and assessment of the opportunities for the formation of an online labor market is also conducted. The trends of the need for higher education specialists in the labor market are examined, drawing relevant conclusions and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The internal control system in the organization allows the management to track and achieve the functional and financial goals, using the relevant legal requirements to reduce unexpected changes affecting work. The management of the organization, according to the normative acts, is responsible for the creation and implementation of the internal control process, which aims to achieve the so-called a reasonable degree of certainty for the fulfillment of the set objectives. Internal control is realized through five elements covering the control environment, risk management, controls with which it is affected, information exchange and monitoring. Any organization in the process of work is likely to bear the influence of possible risk impacts originating from various sources, both inside and outside the organization. Risk management is understood in the first place as actions on its recognition, determining the degree of impact in relation to the objectives in order to determine the ways in which it can be affected, with the aim of reducing its impact. In order to manage a certain risk, after it has been identified and assessed, various control activities are applied, which are understood as actions aimed at reducing the impact of the risk, so that there are no significant obstacles to achieving the goals. When we talk about risk control and management, we can also mention the audit risk, related to the probability that the company's financial statements contain errors that are material to the company's accountability and have been checked and audited without any sanction by the auditing authority. With regard to the risk for the auditor, the existence of possible inaccuracies and errors in the financial report that affect the true and accurate state in a financial aspect is assumed, or there are intentionally caused damages of a financial nature to the organization, and at the same time in the auditor's report this was not reflected due to an oversight by the auditor. Audit risk concerns the quality of the audit and the opinion expressed by the auditor, which may mislead owners, investors, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/purpose: The electroencephalography (EEG) signal has a great impact on the development of prosthetic arm control technology. EEG signals are used as the main tool in functional investigations of human motion. The study of controlling prosthetic arms using brain signals is still in its early stages. Brain wave-controlled prosthetic arms have attracted researchers’ attention in the last few years. Methods: Several studies have been carried out to systematically review published articles as a means of offering researchers and experts a comprehensive summary of the present, state-of-the-art EEG-based control techniques used in the prosthetic arm and other technologies. Results: 175 articles were studied, compared, and filtered to only include the articles that have strong connections to the study. Conclusion: This study has three goals. The first one is to gather, summarize, and evaluate information from the studies published between 2011 and 2022. The second goal is to extensively report on the holistic, experimental outcomes of this domain in relation to current research. It is systematically performed to provide a wealthy image and grounded evidence of the current state of research covering EEG-based control of prosthetic arms to all experts and scientists. The third goal is to recognize the gap in knowledge that demands further investigation and to recommend directions for future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]