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Nanotechnology has captured the information field on an impressive scale, which is in one way or another related to scientific topics. In the modern world, the term "nanotechnology" is heard by almost every layman, for marketing purposes there are abuses with reference to this area. A definition is given that restricts the scope of this term. At the same time, breakthrough opportunities with the use of this interdisciplinary field for science, the latest outstanding research both for the promotion of digitalization and for the knowledge of man himself are shown. Since 2022, North Kazakhstan University has been conducting classes in the discipline "Nanotechnology in Natural Science Research" using high-precision modern equipment. The goal is to reveal the features of teaching this discipline at the Department of Physics. The importance of training specialists of various educational programs of the natural sciences in this discipline, the need to apply practical research skills on advanced scientific equipment: atomic force microscope, scanning tunneling microscope are considered. The results of scanning by students obtained in laboratory classes are given. The aspects of teaching this discipline at the North Kazakhstan University at the Department of Physics are revealed, the importance of the knowledge and skills gained in the formation of a future competitive specialist in the labor market is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some features of the approach to solving both purely practical and general theoretical problems based on the application of the field approach as a causal factor in the development of a number of phenomena are considered. In particular, when studying the genesis and evolution of mesospheric silvery clouds, the determining influence of a number of large-scale tropospheric processes on their development is consistently revealed. An original method of synthetic maps is proposed in this direction. Extensive statistical analysis of the cartographic material revealed that cyclonic activity, frontogenesis, development of occlusions and thunderstorm foci have a pronounced physical effect on the formation of silvery clouds over the northern hemisphere. The extraordinary results of the work stimulated further study of the influence of the temperature field of high latitudes in the southern hemisphere of the Earth - Antarctica - on the features of the seasonal evolution of the area of the global field of silvery clouds of the southern hemisphere. For the first time in research practice, statistically convincing evidence has been obtained that the surface temperature field is the leading factor in the formation of silvery clouds. This makes it possible, in turn, to consider silvery clouds as a significant marker of climate change. Along with this, longitude variations of the area of silvery clouds of the northern hemisphere of the Earth are considered. The results suggest the influence of geophysical fields on the genesis of such clouds. The question of the nature of gravitational and inert coupling is considered separately. A hypothesis has been put forward that allows not only to clarify the view of the nature of the inert mass, but also to estimate several general characteristics of the Universe relatively simply. The work is completed by a proposal to take a fresh look at the physical nature of information, based on the field method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the problem of studying the daily distribution of the passage of meteoroids by radio observation. The advantages of the chosen method of registration over the classical optical and photographic methods of observation are considered. A voluminous series of data was obtained using a registration facility implemented on the basis of the Center for Astrophysical Research at the North Kazakhstan University named after Manash Kozybayev. Processing, analysis and systematization of the obtained data on meteor phenomena have been carried out. Based on the obtained observational data, on the basis of the Center for Astrophysical Research at the North Kazakhstan University named after Manash Kozybayev, using the Multi VirAnalyzer program, namely the Date Recorder, the daily distribution of the meteor flight frequency was calculated. Also, with the help of the Microsoft Excel software application, diagrams of the daily distribution of the meteor passage frequency were constructed. During the analysis of the obtained diagrams of the daily distribution of the meteor passage frequency, the peak and average daily values of meteor activity were determined. Based on the daily distribution, diagrams of the frequency of meteor passages were constructed for certain months during which the Perseid and Leonid meteor showers are active. A clear correlation with the results of studies of other laboratories of a similar line of research is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Based on the physical analysis of the processes occurring in pulsed plasma accelerators, the possibility of their use for the creation and study of a plasma focus is justified. In particular, the influence of inductance on the parameters of the plasma focus in kilojoulerange «Plasma focus» (PF) installations created on the basis of a pulsed coaxial accelerator is studied. An equivalent installation scheme is proposed and justified, based on the analysis of which the influence of the inductance of the circuit and the capacitance of the capacitor bank on the value of the maximum current and neutron output is analyzed, without taking into account the parameters of the spark gap and the conducting wires. Based on the theoretical estimate of the inductance of the installation, its most probable value is calculated. . It turned out that in the installations of the considered energy range, the inductance is approximately 7.5⋅107 Gn and depends on the capacitance of the capacitor bank. On the contrary, in installations with megajoule energy, the inductance does not depend on the number and capacity of capacitors, so that an increase in the latter does not affect the increase in current strength. Experimental and theoretical dependences of the discharge current on the applied voltage at different capacitances of the capacitor bank are obtained. A comparative analysis of theoretical and experimental current waveforms is presented. The greatest coincidence of theoretical and experimental results was found for the duration of the discharge pulse T = 30 microseconds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]