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In this study, we sought to provide an accurate and detailed diagnosis of the transformations witnessed by Palestinian media institutions in light of the new environment of communication, and to know how Palestinian media institutions can establish a new communication model within their organizational structures in line with the new environment of communication in the digital age. It also discussed the mechanisms used by professional journalists in traditional Palestinian media institutions to deal with the contents produced by citizen journalists. In this context, we posed the following problem: What are the contexts of transformation and integration of traditional Palestinian media in the context of communication digitization, and how did citizenship journalism practices employed in newsrooms? In order to answer this problem, we followed the qualitative content analysis approach. The tool of the qualitative approach was the (codified) scientific interviews with editors-in-chief in the local Palestinian media. It sought to activate the participation of citizen journalists in furnishing news spaces, and created platforms for it to communicate with its audience" Crowd Sourcing", and to form supporters for its "crowd journalism" to take advantage of the feature of communicative interaction through social media, and this indicates that smart TV newsrooms are looking forward because Convergence News room [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the opinions of agricultural extension agents in Jordan in agricultural extension problems and to study the relationship between the opinions and some variables such as personal and professional characteristics of agricultural extension agents. Data were collected from 61 extension agents through by personal interview through a questionnaire that included two parts; the first was the personal and professional information of the extension agents and the second was a measure of their opinions on the agricultural extension problems in Jordan. To achieve research objectives, the Likert scale was used (strongly agree, agree, neutral, not agree, and strongly disagree) to measure opinions of agricultural extension agents through thirty-eight paragraphs distributed on eight axes related to the extension problems in Jordan. For analyzing data, frequencies, percentages, mean standard deviations, Pearson and Spearman correlation, and chi-square. The most important results of the study are: There were three categories for these opinions: negative opinions (<152) points, Neutral opinions (142-152) points, and Positive opinions (> 152) points. It was found that 26.4%, 54.1%, and 21.3% of extension agents were in these categories, respectively. Ranking of the problems of the agricultural extension came according to the following sequence: the agricultural extension philosophy, the institutional problems, technical problems, training problems, management problems, social problems, legislative problems, and environmental problems, where the relative importance of their averages was 84%, 82 %,82 %, 72.2%, 72 %, 71 %, 65 %, and 49 %, respectively. From the results, a significant association was observed between the characteristics such as gender, service years in the agricultural ministry, and work territory. On the other hand, no significant were found related to age, education level, service years in the agricultural extension, job title, and training courses. Thus, this study recommends that agricultural extension must take of extra role for education and awareness of agricultural extension agents and the dissemination of knowledge to them through a scientific and practical plan that includes simplifying the results according to the opinions of agricultural extension agents in the kingdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study includes an introduction, two parts, and a conclusion. In the introduction, I refferred - critically - to the method of tackling the issue of "Poetic License" in past and present. In addition, it could be summarized in a set of different phenomena from the linguistic deviations. Hence, it requires a punch of introductions to analysis. In fact, a new introduction has been proposed in this study, i.e. the influence of chanting performance. In the first part, the features of chanting old poetry have been considered. It could be simply noticed in two distinct features, i.e, verbalization and vocalization, demonstrating their impact on chanting performance. In the second part, the longest, the most prominent images of chanting interference that generating the licenses have been focusedon. Moreover, it deals with all poetic issues, lines associated and differential tone performanic. All summed up with the conclusion that. comes to stress the most important findings of the study and then sources and references are referred to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]