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The aim of this research was primarily to analyze the impact of the financing role played by the Agricultural Bank of Egypt in financing Egyptian agricultural development projects. Based on published and unpublished secondary data issued by the Agricultural Bank of Egypt and the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics during the time period (2011/2012-2020/2021). The descriptive and quantitative analytical method was used by calculating arithmetic averages, relative coefficient of variation, relative importance, and growth rate. One of the most important results of the research was: an increase in the relative importance of short-term investment loans (52.9%) compared to medium-term investment loans (43.1%), with a very low relative importance of long-term investment loans (4.1% of the total investment loans granted by Bank for the agricultural sector). The distribution of investment loans is focused on developing some activities (livestock projects and agriculturerelated businesses) rather than others, which leads to an imbalance in growth rates and the occurrence of unbalanced economic development that may lead to negative effects on the national economy in the long term, despite the importance of mechanization projects. Agriculture, land reclamation, and poultry and fish production did not receive much attention, and this reflects a clear imbalance in the structure of agricultural credit as a result of an imbalance in the distribution of agricultural loans, as the Agricultural Bank of Egypt (which is an agricultural bank according to the philosophy of its establishment in accordance with Law No. 17 of 1976) was supposed to contribute a greater role. In such vital areas due to their importance to the state's economic and social development programs. The majority of plant production loans provided by the bank were directed mainly in cash, with a very low percentage of in-kind loans, with loans for the purposes of obtaining chemical fertilizers occupying the largest proportion of in-kind loans granted to finance plant production during the study period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Credit policy is the general framework that includes the set of principles, rules and procedures governing the process of studying, approving, granting and following up of credit facilities, identifying the areas of activity that can be lent, and the related credit ceilings, cost elements and time limits that should not exceed the conditions to be met for each type of credit. The study relied on both descriptive and quantitative methods in analyzing and presenting data and on unpublished secondary data from the Agricultural Bank of Egypt and its branches in Sharkia Governorate. The last two policies adopted by the Bank were the Credit Policy 2015 and the year data were used. The financial statements for the year ended 30/6/2018 were used to reflect them .The study aimed to evaluate the credit policies of the Bank through the study of credit facilities granted by the sample of the study for the two fiscal years and to compare the percentage of total grants and efficiency. Achievement of each type of these facilities, as well as the study of performance indicators for credit policies in the study sample in Sharkia Governorate, and due to the difficulty of obtaining unpublished data and according to the requirements of the study was chosen Bank branch in Abu Hammad, Abu Hammad Village Bank and Helmeya Village Bank were selected according to their relative importance. Within the Abu Hammad branch, the most important results of the study were that the number of bank customers in Sharkia Governorate reached about 219.452 thousand, while the loan portfolio amounted to 2.432628 billion pounds, while the deposit portfolio amounted to 5.089317 billion pounds, covering a coverage of loans amounted to 47.79%. The results indicated that the percentage of total grants for short-term agricultural loans in Abu Hammad Branch and Abu Hammad Village Bank increased in 2018 by 0.1% and 1.8%, respectively, compared to 2017, while in 2018, Helmiya Village Bank decreased by 4.2% from the previous year. 2017, which indicates the efficiency of the grants collection at Abu Hammad Village Bank and Abu Hammad Branch while the collection efficiency of short-term agricultural loans has decreased The attainment efficiency of Abu Hammad branch and Abu Hammad village bank was reduced in general 2018 increased by 4.4%, 3.6%, respectively, despite the increase in the percentage of total grants, which indicates a lack of efficiency, while the Bank of the village of Helmeya in 2018 increased by 9.5% compared to 2017, despite the decrease The percentage of total grants, which indicates the collection of arrears of short-term agricultural loans, and by studying the percentage of total grants for short-term investment loans has increased in Abu Hammad branch and Abu Hammad Village Bank and Helmiya Village Bank in 2018 by about 17.5%, 30.4% and 3.1%, respectively. In 2017, this indicates the efficiency of the total grants in the study sample, as well as the achievement efficiency These loans have increased the collection efficiency ratio in Abu Hammad branch In 2018, the Bank of Abu Hammad and the Bank of Helmeya in 2018 decreased by 14.3% and 4.8% respectively compared to 2017, despite the increase in the percentage of total grants, which indicates shortcomings. The results showed that the total grants for medium and long-term investment loans increased by 27.3%, 4.7% and 25.1% in Abu Hammad Village and Abu Hammad Village Bank in 2018. This indicates that the total number of grants in the study sample is efficient Efficiency ratio declined achievement branch Abu Hammad Bank village Abu Hammad and Bank of the village of Helmeya in 2018 by 8.3%, 15.1%, 29.1%, respectively compared to 2017, despite the increase in the percentage of total grants, and this decline does not reflect the shortfall in the collection efficiency because the periods of repayment of these loans ranges from one year to 5 years for medium-term loans and more than 5 years for long-term loans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agricultural sector in Egypt pays great attention to the provision of food to meet the steady increase in the population. A necessary element is to increase agricultural production, achieve self-sufficiency. and follow scientific and practical methods to protect agricultural crops after harvest to minimize losses. After harvest, you get high salary to achieve this goal. The problem of the study is the lack of sufficient attention to grain storage operations by the Egyptian agricultural policies, which leads to an increase in the losses of these grains in general and wheat in particular in different storage stages, which is a major burden on the national economy. Storage is one of the most important marketing functions suffered by the whole marketing system. Under more .than one wheat storage system, the cost of storage, waste, spoilage and the quality of wheat produced varies from system to another. The study aims to improve the economic and technical efficiency of the storage systems of the Agricultural Bank of Egypt in Sharkia Govemorate by analyzing the structure of the costs items of wheat storage according to different storage systems. The study was based on two data sources: the secondary data published by the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation and the Central Agency for Mobilization and Statistics and unpublished data from the Information and Decision Center from the Agricultural Bank of Egypt. Preliminary data: through questionnaire specifically designed for wheat storage systems in the Agricultural Bank of Egypt in Sharkia Govemorate 2017 and the study is depended on data analysis and presented the findings of the results by the descriptive and quantitative methods. Financial and economic assessments and economic efficiency indicators of storage systems at the bank. The results indicated that the average total storage income of wheat in traditional storage was about 667.911 thousand pounds, 94.75% of which is storage income while 5.25% is renting some storage areas. In the modem silos, the total storage revenue of wheat was 8.389 million pounds. By studying the economic efficiency of the Agricultural Bank of Egypt showed that the net profit amounted to 778.361 thousand pounds in the modem silos, while the traditional storage 50.219 thousand pounds, in addition the return on the invested pound was 10.23 pound of LE in modem silos, while the traditional storage 8.13 pound of LE. The ratio of total revenue to total costs was 110% for modem silos, 108% for traditional storage. Finally, the capital recovery period was 9.8years for modem silos, compared by 12.3years for traditional storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trade liberalization will make competition between organizations more acute than ever before in both foreign and local markets. Developing countries have to deal with major organizations, especially multi-national organizations, which seek to assert their monopoly in international markets and compete with other organizations to achieve the greatest return on profit. The problem of research is that international and local organizations face many changes and challenges. Therefore, Egyptian organizations have been required to develop their systems and their performance against many challenges, including the management systems implementation in organizations that lead to improved performance. The aim of the research was to study the concept of international management systems and the obstacles to their implementation. The research was designed to help the management systems of the organizations to identify the reasons of the weak implementation of the international management systems in their organizations. The study depend on two sources: the first one is the standards requirements issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO); second source، data for a field study through a questionnaire designed to assess the constraints of implementing the systems. The data were collected from case study of the Alfardous wheat mill for producing flour, 72%, the basis of field this company is that company was adopted the implementation of international management systems, (the Alfardous wheat mill for producing flour, 72%) which is located in Sohag, Upper Egypt. The study used descriptive and quantitative methods in analyzing the data and presented the results of the questionnaire by using Ishkawa Digram to find the relationship between the problem and its causes. The results of the study explained that the main factors affecting the implementation of international management systems according to the degree of importance are: the axis of operations occupied the fist order by about 33%, while the environmental category occupied the second order by 32%, the raw materials category is in the third order with about 37% The fourth order was administration element with 53%, finaly the equipment and staff are taken the fifth and sex order by 25% and 22%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Agricultural Bank of Egypt is one of the most important development institutions for agricultural activity in Egypt. The study aims to identify the role of the Egyptian Agricultural Bank in Sharkia Governorate by extrapolating the opinions of all interested and dealing with the bank at different levels, and raising the level of efficiency of the bank’s branches performance. On the SWOT ANALYSIS matrix, and on a main source of primary data through a field study where a questionnaire form was designed that included points (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats), and the results of the internal strategic factors matrix indicate that the average of the total strengths (1.43) is much less Of the weaknesses (2.15) with a large difference of (0.72), which means that despite the advantages enjoyed by the branches of the Agricultural Bank, they suffer from problems that affect Negatively on these advantages, which affects their performance, and therefore work must be done to address these obstacles in the coming period, and the average number of weighted total points reached (3.58), and since the total number of weighted points should range between (6), which means “performance Outstanding” for the sector, to (1) which means “weak performance” of the bank, and thus this figure (3.58) reflects the “good performance” of the Agricultural Bank in general for the internal factors, where the strengths can face the weaknesses to a large extent, but the details of the figures Explains the need to support strengths and address deficiencies during the coming period. As for the matrix of external strategic factors, we note that the opportunities points (2.28) are greater than the threats points (1.29) by a difference of (0.99), which means that the bank branches have great opportunities that encourage Increase and efficiency of its performance and remove the threats that affect it in the coming period. The weighted total points reached (3.57). The “good performance” in general reflects the external factors where there are strong opportunities for the Agricultural Bank that can be exploited. And try to avoid the points of threats in Next period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]