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Background and Purpose: Adipose tissue is not only a site of triglycerides storage, but also an active endocrine organ that secretes many biologically active mediators refered to as "adipokines". Visfatin, as a new adipokine has an important role in Homeostasis of energy and glucose metabolism. In the present study serum visfatin levels in restricted diet rats,type2 diabetic rats and insulin resistant rats has been measured and compared with control group. relationship between Visfatin and blood sugar, lipid profile, insulin, and HOMA-IR in these groups has been investigated Methods and Materials: 32 male wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (8 rats in each group).group 1 was control,with free access to diet, group 2 or restricted diet group using 65% of normal diet , group3 orinduced type2 diabetic group with nicotinamide and streptozocin and group 4 was insulin resistance ,induced with fructose diet. After 6 weeks animals weight and other biochemical factors such as FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar), lipid profile, insulin and visfatin were measured. Results of this study were analyzed using SPSS16.and then examined and reported as ±average of standard deviation. Values of p< 0.05 were considered statistically significant . Results: Results of this study showed that body weight increased in all groups except diabetic group. Triglyceride were increased in all groups, in this order,restricted diet, control, insulin resistance and diabetic groups. visfatin, insulin, and Homa-IR increase significantly in type 2 diabetic rats and insulin resistant group. Conclusion: There was a positive and significant relationship between visfatin and HOMA-IR, and between visfain and FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar), while there was a negative relationship between visfatin and insulin, but this relationship was not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]