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تمثلت مشكلة البحث بمدى تأثير القيادة الأدارية الناجحة بابعادها المتمثلة (مصادر قوة القائد، اثر القائد على المرؤوسين، مهارات القائد) في الأداء التنيظيمي بابعاده (المصادر، النتائج، الاهداف)، وقد تم الأعتماد على الأستبانة كأداة لجمع المعلومات فضلاً عن الملاحظة، أذ تم توزيع (87) استبانة على القيادات العليا في مصفى الدورة وثم اختبارهم بصورة قصدية ، وتم تحليل البيانات باستخدام البرنامج الأحصائي (Spss)، وقد توصل البحث الى وجود علاقة ارتباط وتأثير ذو دلالة معنوية للقيادة الأدارية الناجحة في الأداء التنظيمي وعلى ضوئه ثم صياغة مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات للأستفادة منها من قبل المعنيين بالدراسة الحالية.

مقدمه: بیماری مولتیپل اسکلروزیس نوعی بیماری مزمن است که ناتوانی و کارکرد پایین ناشی از آن، افراد را به سوی احساس فقدان شایستگی و اطمینان از خود، کاهش احساس شادکامی و ایجاد مشکل در بهزیستی روان‌شناختی سوق می‌دهد؛ لذا لازم است مداخلات روان شناختی جهت بهبود وضعیت سلامت روحی این بیماران انجام گیرد؛ بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی مشاوره با رویکرد مثبت‌گرا بر شکوفایی، بهزیستی روان شناختی و شادکامی بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس شهر اصفهان در بهار و تابستان سال 1397 انجام شد. روش ­ها: این پژوهش از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با گروه آزمایش و کنترل و دوره پیگیری یک ماهه بود. شرکت کنندگان پژوهش، 34 بیمار مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس بودند که بر اساس سن و تحصیلات به صورت همتاسازی در دو گروه کنترل (17 نفر) و آزمایش (17 نفر) قرار گرفتند و پیش آزمون اجرا شد. گروه آزمایش به مدت هشت جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای هفتگی طی یک ماه مشاوره با رویکرد مثبت‌گرا شرکت کردند و گروه کنترل در لیست انتظار بودند. پس از اتمام جلسات درمان و یک ماه پس از اجرا، مجدداً آزمون ها گرفته شد. برای جمع آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه شکوفایی سلیمانی و همکاران (1394)، پرسشنامه بهزیستی روان شناختی ریف (1989) و پرسشنامه شادکامی آکسفورد (1990) استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر نشان داد مشاوره با رویکرد مثبت گرا بر شکوفایی بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس تاثیر ندارد؛ لیکن منجر به افزایش بهزیستی روان شناختی (نمرات از 64/52 به 50/60 رسیده است) و احساس شادکامی (نمرات از 71/62 به 84/72 رسیده است) بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس گردیده است (05/0>p). نتیجه گیری: با توجه به یافته ها، شرکت در جلسات مشاوره با رویکرد مثبت گرا می‌تواند به پیشگیری از مشکلات روان شناختی و بهبود وضعیت روان شناختی بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس کمک کند.

Background and purpose: Leptospirosis is a common disease between humans and animals, the source of which is rodents, canines, etc., the disease is transmitted by scratching the skin and getting it contaminated with water contaminated with animal urinary waste and is currently an endemic disease in neighboring northern provinces of Iran. The purpose of this study was to investigate the findings of chest X-ray and lung CT scans in leptospirosis with or without pulmonary symptoms. Materials and methods: The current descriptive and retrospective research examined the findings of chest X-ray and CT scan of the lungs in patients with leptospirosis with or without pulmonary manifestations in Razi Ghaemshahr Hospital. In this study, 49 hospitalized patients were randomly selected from the records of leptospirosis patients in Razi Ghaemshahr Hospital during the spring and summer of 2017 from an information form based on clinical epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for leptospirosis patients using the mentioned characteristics. The disease was prepared in the infectious reference books and articles published in Farsi and English about this disease, and help was taken from a radiologist colleague to interpret the findings of the chest X-ray and CT scan of the lungs. After recording in SPSS 16 software, the data were analyzed through a Q_Q graph and skewness index. The clinical and epidemiological findings of leptospirosis were considered as inclusion criteria in the study, and the absence of serological tests to confirm leptospirosis was considered as exclusion criteria. Results: Among 49 hospitalized patients with leptospirosis, 11 patients had abnormal radiological findings and 38 patients had normal X-rays. Among 11 patients with abnormal radiological findings, 6 patients had respiratory symptoms, which included 54.54% cough and 18.18% bloody sputum. Among 38 patients with normal radiography, 11 patients had pulmonary symptoms, which included 29.94% cough and 2.63% bloody sputum. The amount of cough was significantly higher. Abnormal findings in chest X-ray, alveolar infiltration, ground glass opacity, and consolidation were the most frequent in the CT scan of the lung. Conclusion: Considering the significant percentage of normal chest radiographs in patients suffering from rice field fever with pulmonary symptoms, it is essential to perform a CT scan of the chest and decide on more effective therapeutic interventions. Therefore, it is considerable that usually changes in the chest CT scan in the severe form of the disease that causes vasculitis and alveolar bleeding appear before the appearance of severe symptoms such as bloody sputum and make a decision to start more effective drugs in the patient's treatment plan. As a result, pulmonary involvement in patients with leptospirosis is of special importance and it should be given special attention due to the endemicity of leptospirosis in the province, considering the associated complications and high mortality and the possibility of its occurrence even in patients who do not have respiratory complaints at the time of presentation. It is suggested to conduct more extensive research based on the population in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adab Al-Kufa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The characteristics of the industrial structure can be analyzed by a number of methods, including descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis. In quantitative analysis, there are several statistical coefficients that perform this task. The Gypsum-Martin coefficient was chosen to analyze the industrial structure and its change in the provinces of Najaf and Babel for the period from (2000, 2012). As a result of the analysis, it was found that they tend to diversify, and that their change tends to increase diversification as well. In the analysis of industrial settlement, three main objectives are established: economic efficiency, social justice, and economic activity, and then merging these objectives with a comprehensive goal. As a result of the analysis, it was found that there is a high potential for the successful settlement of the engineering, construction and wood industries in Najaf. And the engineering, food and construction industries in Babylon... and that it is possible to expand these industries in the future.

Copyright of Journal of Human Sciences (19922876) is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Human Sciences (19922876) is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Human Sciences (19922876) is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Adab Al-Kufa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of The Iraqi University is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arab Journal for Quality Assurance in Higher Education is the property of University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Contemporary advances in technology and sciences parallel to changeable patients' status make it essential to nurses to combine their skills and knowledge with evidences in order to identify patients' problems, care planning, implementation and evaluation through interaction with other health team members. Nurses must be able to make clinical decisions independently which is possible just by using research evidences in clinical practice. The purpose of this article is concept of evidence based nursing and teaching barriers and facilitators in nursing. Methods: This article is an integrative review. Different data bases such as ProQuest, Ovid, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholare magiran, sid were applied for collecting articles by using evidence based teaching, evidence based nursing and education as key words. At all 24 articles have been included in this review. Results: Studies show many barriers in implementation of EBN and teaching it to students. For example professors do not have enough time to teach EBN or do not know how to teach it. Furthermore nurses have information and time shortages and workload that make it hard to work based on evidences. Conclusion: It seems that by making national policies and making EBN compulsory, universities and professors will teach EBN to nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease, first identified in humans in 1970. Considering the importance of physicians' knowledge and attitude toward treating this disease, the current study was designed and implemented to determine the attitude and knowledge of family doctors in Sari, Iran, regarding monkeypox. Materials and methods: The present study is a descriptive and analytical study, with the statistical population comprising family doctors in Sari. Initially, a questionnaire containing questions evaluating the knowledge and attitude of family doctors was designed. Subsequently, data were collected through a census method. After data collection, the information was analyzed using SPSS version 16 and relevant statistical tests. Results: The participants in this study were 117 family doctors working in urban and rural areas. Descriptive data showed that 55% of the participants were male, while 45% were female. Additionally, 62% worked in urban areas, and 38% worked in rural areas. The average age of the participants was 47.10±8.07 years, and their average work experience was 17.30±5.17 years. The average knowledge score was 9.30±3.42, and the average attitude score was 3.5±1.70. Analytical data also indicated that the attitude score had a significant relationship with gender, while the knowledge score was significantly related to the place of work. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the knowledge and attitude of family physicians in Sari regarding monkeypox were at a satisfactory level. Therefore, automated information dissemination systems in the field of infectious diseases can effectively be utilized to spread information about important infectious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: The occurrence of medical errors in healthcare centers is highly significant due to the sensitive nature of providing care and saving patients' lives. Failure to report such errors can result in both financial and moral harm to patients and have adverse effects on the healthcare system. Medical errors have significant clinical and economic consequences and can influence mortality rates. Despite the wide range of medical errors in healthcare delivery, the errors committed by medical staff—due to the close care relationship between them and the patient—are among the most complex issues in the management of treatment systems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the causes of non-reporting of medical errors in hospitals and methods of encouraging the reporting of such errors. Materials and methods: This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews with a conventional content analysis approach. The goal was to identify the factors contributing to the nonreporting of medical errors in 1402 (Iranian calendar year). The study population included doctors, specialists, and providers actively involved in patient safety in the hospital. In other words, individuals with knowledge and valuable experience in this area were interviewed. Data collection was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire, designed by reviewing the literature and with the assistance of expert professors for the interviews. Sampling was performed purposefully until data saturation was reached. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing 22 experts. After the interviews, items and subitems were identified through content analysis. Results: Key factors contributing to the failure to report medical errors were identified in two themes, six categories, and 45 items. The extracted themes included organizational and management factors, as well as legal issues. Organizational and management factors encompassed organizational culture, communication, reporting, and monitoring, while legal factors involved the consequences of reporting and control mechanisms. In total, 38 solutions were proposed to encourage the reporting of medical errors. The experts' suggestions for strategies to promote error reporting were identified under two themes, six categories, and 38 items. The themes included organizational and management factors and legal issues. Organizational and management factors covered organizational culture, the reporting process, monitoring, and communication, while legal factors involved the consequences of reporting and control. Conclusion: Errors in medical procedures may occur due to the inherent nature and sensitivity of these procedures. However, it is essential that medical staff consider themselves obligated to minimize errors and reduce harm to patients. Studying the causes of non-reporting of medical errors and understanding the underlying reasons are critical for improving patient safety and the quality of healthcare services. This knowledge can assist policymakers and healthcare practitioners in making informed decisions about error reporting and in delivering higher-quality services to the public. Additionally, it is important to train medical teams on the various types of errors and how to appropriately address them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Due to the high spread of the coronavirus and the mode of transmission through touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the eyes, nose, or mouth, health workers have the highest risk of contamination, and vaccination of this workforce is necessary to reduce the risk, but this vaccination also resulted in high and common side effects such as local, systemic, early and late side effects. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the early and late complications caused by the booster dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine in the personnel and medical staff of Razi Ghaemshahr Medical Training Center. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all personnel and treatment staff of Razi Ghaemshahr Center in 1400. Participants were selected by convenience sampling method and a questionnaire related to the topical and specialized questions about booster vaccine side effects was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using chi-square test and two-way logistic regression. Results: 302 health workers who received a booster dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine participated in this study. The participants had an average age of 34.89, 37.7% were men and 62.3% were women. The most common side effects of the vaccine include pain 64.2%, fatigue 58% and fever 54.6%. The participants were monitored for two months in terms of late complications, including heart attack, stroke, and pulmonary embolism after injecting a booster dose of AstraZeneca, and there were no reports of late complications. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, due to the possibility of more systemic side effects such as muscle pain, fatigue, cough, and fever after the injection, healthcare personnel should pay special attention to the early side effects of the vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]