Search

Recently, food prices have risen to levels that threaten many countries in the world, especially developing countries, including Egypt, and according to the most important indicators of income, expenditure and consumption research for 2020, it was found that food expenditure on essential commodities constitutes more than 60% of total household expenditure, and that studying food consumption expenditure and studying changes in total expenditure on major food commodity groups in urban and rural Egypt represent an essential tool on which policy and decision makers rely to identify food needs, and that Egyptian rural has the highest percentage of urban poverty rates, as urban poverty rates recorded about 22.9% in 2020, and in rural areas about 34.78%. Therefore, in this study, focus on the rural, importance research is due to study the impact of continuous rise and changes in prices of food commodities on household expenditure and food pattern, and benefit from them and guide them in developing future economic policies, and preparing appropriate awareness programs to face the challenges posed by increase in food commodities prices. Research aimed study economic analysis of impact of high prices on food pattern of rural families, and compare food expenditure pattern of commodities in study sample during study periods in 2022 and 2023, and study relationship between expenditure on food commodities by studying quantitative and expenditure elasticity, and studying difference between elasticities as a result of high prices during two periods. The research relied on achieving on case study approach and the comparative approach, conducted on a field sample in two different periods in the rural of Sharkia Governorate, in order to determine the extent of variation in pattern of food consumption according to difference in time period, which reflects impact of price changes. The results of study showed a decrease in the per capita quantities consumed for all study commodities and an increase in expenditure on most of them as a result of the increase in the prices of food commodities in 2023 compared to 2022 for study sample. Also the results of study showed that the quantitative elasticity of most commodities was less than the correct one, which indicates that these commodities are considered necessary commodities for the consumer in the study sample, where the quantitative elasticity reached about 0.314 for wheat, 0.270 for corn, 0.196 for rice, 0.263 for pasta, 0.316 beans, 0.229 for sugar for 2022, and with the rise in prices, the elasticity figures for those commodities mentioned in 2023 decreased to become more necessary, as a result of decrease in real income per capita resulting from high prices. While cheese is considered semi-luxury commodity eggs and oil are necessary commodities for the study sample, the value of its quantitative elasticity coefficient in 2022 was about 0.922, about 0.679, and about 0.647, respectively, the value of those coefficients increased for some of them and decreased for others in 2023, the value of quantitative elasticity coefficient in 2023 was about 0.808, 0.950, 0.531 for cheese, eggs and oil, respectively. Meat, poultry and fish are considered luxury commodities, as quantitative elasticity coefficient reached 2.33, 1.66, and 1.38 for the three commodities, respectively, in 2022, and increased to 2.90, 1.88, and 1.52, respectively, in 2023. The qualitative elasticity of most commodities approached zero to indicate that the consumer doesn't care about quality of goods in light of the lack of access to the required quantity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to measuring the efficiency of investment in Moringa farms in New Lands, quantifying the potential impacts of changes in major technical and economic variables on efficiency, and determining the Switching Value for the most affecting variables. A sample of 15 farms, located in Wadi El-Natroun in Alexandria Governorate, was Surveyed and post-stratified into small size farms (5 faddan and less) and large size farms (more than 5 faddan) to generate technical coefficients. Cash flow was prepared per faddan for each scale and IRR and NPV were calculated. Major results and conclusions can be summarized as follows: (1) Investment efficiency was achieved for Moringa production in the Wadi El-Natroun region, where the average internal rate of return was estimated at about 57%. The net present value is about 125.13 thousand pounds. (2) The decrease in the number of trees produced per faddan by 10% led to a decrease in the internal rate of return and the net present value with an average decrease of 19.98% and 22.22%, but it is still good and achieves investment efficiency. The Switching Value for the number of trees was estimated at 540 trees/faddan, 440 trees/faddan, i.e. 71% and 58.67% of the current situation for the small and large capacities, respectively. (3) The prevailing agricultural pattern is (80% moringa leaf production: 20% moringa seed production), and specialization in agriculture for the purpose of producing moringa seeds is the best in terms of the values of the investment efficiency standards used, followed by diversification between seed and leaf production. (4) The Switching Value for the productivity of an faddan of moringa seeds was estimated at approximately 10%, 0% of the current productivity for the small and large capacities, respectively, while the productivity of an faddan of moringa leaves at approximately 54%, 39% of the current productivity for the two capacities, respectively. (5) The Switching Value for the selling prices of seeds was estimated at approximately 88% and 0% of the current prices for the small and large containers, respectively, while for the selling prices of leaves at approximately 62.67% and 53.75% of the current prices for the two capacities, respectively. (6) The change in human labor costs is the most influential item in outflows on the internal rate of return. (7) There are many production and marketing problems facing Moringa producers in the Wadi El Natroun region. The research ended with Some recommendations and mechanisms for achieving them that can help the producer and take more efforts to overcome the problems and encourage growth and production of moringa in Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The development of the agricultural sector vertically is based on the extent of developing farm management and developing the level of efficiency in the use of agricultural inputs as one of the main objectives of agricultural policy, as it leads to increasing economic returns and thus increasing investment and national income. The research aimed to study the efficiency of greenhouse management for producing the tomato crop, which ranks first in the number of greenhouses operating in the Bahariya Oasis region, at a rate of about 70.67% of the total number of greenhouses for the agricultural year 2022/2023. The research was based on a random sample that was classified into two categories in terms of the area of the first greenhouse. Small greenhouses (400 m²) at a faddan of 10 greenhouses per acre, and the second is a large greenhouse (4000 m²) at a rate of one greenhouse per faddan. The research reached several results, the most important of which are: (1) Increasing education levels through the various stages of education, and education acquired through both training programs and the acquisition of technical skills through practice and experience, increases the probability of achieving technical competence for producers, and therefore education is a factor. Major in agricultural development. (2) Investment in modern agricultural technologies, such as fertilizers and improved varieties of agricultural production, has a real impact on investment in human resources development. (3) There are many problems facing tomato producers in greenhouses in the Bahariya Oasis region. The research ended with several recommendations that would improve tomato production in greenhouses and achieve and raise technical and economic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying investment opportunities and activities in animal production activity in general and red meat production in New Valley Governorate in particular is considered of great importance for many reasons, including the relative importance of the value of animal production, as it represents about 35.4% of the total value of agricultural production. The relative importance of the value of livestock meat, as it contributed about 58.7 billion pounds, representing about 27.8% of the value of animal production. The research aimed to (1) measure investment efficiency indicators for livestock fattening farms (calves and mixed cows) in the New Valley Governorate, according to farm capacity (number of heads). (2) Measuring the impact of potential changes in the most important economic variables for red meat production in New Valley Governorate (high costs, low returns, high costs and low returns together) on the efficiency of investment at the level of farm capacity. The research was based on a field sample of 60 farms for fattening mixed cow calves in New Valley Governorate, which were randomly drawn from the study population. The sample was classified into two categories according to the farm’s capacity, each category having 30 observations. The net present value (NPV), the internal rate of return (IRR), and the return-to-cost ratio (B/C) were calculated at the discount rate, which represents the opportunity cost of investing capital in society, as the most important indicators of investment efficiency for the fattening farms under study. At the level of farm capacity, and according to the mathematical formulation of the discounted measures of the project value, according to the current operating conditions and according to sensitivity analysis. The research reached several results, the most important of which are: (1) Investment efficiency for fattening projects for fattening mixed cow calves in New Valley Governorate under the current operating conditions, where the value of the present net wealth amounted to about 837.12 and 2179.52 thousand pounds for farms of the two categories, small and large capacity, respectively. The internal rate of return also reached About 57% and 72% for small and large capacity farms, respectively. (2) Continuing to achieve investment efficiency for fattening projects for mixed cow calves in the New Valley Governorate, under conditions of risk of rising costs and declining revenues by 10% for each of them separately while holding the other constant, and in light of rising costs and declining revenues by 10% for both of them together at the same time. This indicates the feasibility and safety of investing in this activity. The research ended with a recommendation and implementation mechanisms that may help advance this sector and overcome the problems it faces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed at the economic evaluation of marine aquaculture in the Triangle area in Damietta Governorate. The data was collected using a personal interview questionnaire during the months of September and October of the year 2020. This is for a regular random sample of 57 holders of marine fish farms in Damietta Governorate, representing about 5% of the total holders of marine fish farms. The descriptive and quantitative statistical analysis method has been used to estimate some averages, percentages and economic indicators that serve the research objectives. The research reached several results, the most important of which are: (1) The relative contribution of natural fisheries in Egypt and Damietta Governorate declined, as their contribution reached 22.74% and 15.14%, respectively. While the role of fish farming has been steadily growing, its contribution amounted to 77.26% and 84.86% of the total fish production in Egypt and Damietta Governorate, which amounted to 1599.69 thousand tons, 150.36 thousand tons as an average for the period (2010-2019), respectively. (2) The average value of the variable and fixed costs per acre in marine farms amounted to 208.70 thousand pounds, 23.70 thousand pounds, representing 89.80%, 10.20%, respectively, of the total costs, which amounted to 232.40 thousand pounds/feddan. (3) The average selling price of a ton of sea bream and sea bass was 100 thousand pounds, 70 thousand pounds for mullet, and the average production per acre of marine fish was 2.889 tons, while the total revenue from sold marine fish was 283.23 thousand pounds/feddan. (4) Marine aquaculture projects generate profit and an economic return. (5) The feasibility of investing in marine aquaculture activity was shown, as the average internal rate of return was estimated at 37%. (6) Investment efficiency indicators are more sensitive to changes in the farm selling price of marine fish than changes in the purchase price of feed and fingerlings, but the profitability of these projects remains economically feasible. (7) The critical value of the average selling price of bream and sea bass was estimated at 88.50 thousand pounds / ton, and mullet 61.95 thousand pounds / ton, while the critical value for the price of a ton of fodder was 25.40 thousand pounds, while the critical value of the mortality rate was 30%. (8) The problems of marine fish farming facing the respondents were of high relative importance and were represented in administrative and organizational problems, technical and operational problems, and economic and marketing problems. (9) The most important proposals of the respondents to overcome the problems of marine fish farming that they face are to provide and support the prices of feed, seed, and production requirements from the Authority - Establishing fish sales and marketing outlets near the areas of marine fish farms - Constantly cleansing the septic tanks and public drains and increasing the number of openings and septic tanks in the Triangle area and the road. Port Said International to constantly replenish the water - Establishing a fish hatchery that serves the marine fish farms area in Damietta to provide fry continuously and in a timely manner - Increasing the rental period for marine fish farms while working on ownership of lands for owners of marine fish farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Journal of Agricultural Sciences (SJAS) is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)