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The research attempted to determine the extent of the influence of the official Mauritanian media (radio and television) on local public opinion, through a field study that adopted a descriptive approach with analysis of data based on an opinion poll about listeners in more than one region of Mauritania for this media outlet, both audio and visual. Based on these field data, the study concluded the importance of the programs and materials provided by these two media in forming and directing national public opinion. It also revealed at the same time the possibility of doubling this role, despite the decline in the interest of a vital segment of society (youth) in following radio and television channels in general. Especially the official one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to let the reader know the emergence and path of Mauritanian public media, its and the most prominent stages it went through. The article began by talking about Mauritanian Radio as the first media station the country knew during independence, and it constituted a prominent event in the process of nationalizing the country's sovereignty, extending influence over its lands, and creating self-sufficiency in Managing its facilities and managing its affairs on its own, despite the difficult circumstances and many challenges. The article also touched on the circumstances surrounding the emergence of audiovisual media through what was known at the time as Mauritanian television, despite its relatively late appearance, highlighting the most important stages and obstacles that accompanied the project and its development at the present time. The article touched on the path of the emergence of the Mauritanian News Agency, which publishes the most important media newspapers written in Arabic and French. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research deals with the role of the official Mauritanian media (radio and television) in supporting development issues, through a field study that adopted a descriptive approach with an analysis of data based on opinion polls about listeners in more than one region of Mauritania for this media outlet, both audio and visual. The study chose two programs: Face to Face and In the People's Balance, because they are among the most important and most successful radio and television programs that interact with listeners and viewers. They are also among their most published programs, as they continued to be published regularly for several consecutive years, in addition to being among their most popular programs and the closest to citizens in presentation and interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mauritanian written press has gone through several stages during its historical journey and has not been isolated from the political situation of the country, but has been subject to its perception of what His Majesty should be, since its appearance during the French colonization of the country, and after the creation of the national state in the sixties of the last century, passing through the period of the military regime before the declaration of political and media pluralism in the country in 1991 and the consequent dilution of the journalistic field, where the door was opened wide to excessive leniency in obtaining a press license, as well as some major obstacles, such as lack of funding, training and harassment of journalists. However, this did not prevent this press from playing at that time the role of watchdog over the executive power by awakening public opinion on the conduct of public affairs and by revealing many hidden social and political problems that the public opinion would not have been aware without the pioneering role of this written press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Department of agricultural economics - Moshtohor faculty of agriculture University - Banha summary targeting find in general the study of economic development irrigation system fields wheat, province of East and find out the size of the needs of the water of agriculture and annually in comparison with Egypt also estimate the amount of the loss of water resources and water use efficiency and irrigation by measuring the efficiency and productivity, economic, wheat study area in the light of irrigation systems developer and other parties developer and find out pure yield, serial schedule of his might adopts find in achieving goals on stylistic analysis scriping, numbering through exporters first major secondary data indicated newspapers annual published issued Ministry of agriculture land reclamation Ministry of water resources and irrigation Central mobilization and statistics, as well as some research and references to this topic of research, the source of the second that depends on the field of study conducted on samples Center husseiniya in sharqia largest two villages growing wheat irrigation system the surface of the developer (103 sample) village qahpona grown wheat irrigation system developer (40 sample) was between find that the needs of the water in Egypt in about (36.3Milliar m3 ) at the level of lugs three areas of the Republic of the three face Marine, Egypt, middle, upper Egypt while averaged need water province of East about (billion m3), and there is high and low level of the need for water during the previous years, it is likely to oscillation some of the change in the installation of crops, as well as factors climate different nature of the Earth and quality of the Exchange them as well agricultural areas results showed that the total loss of water for transmission and distribution of the water between mouthes channels field at the level of the Republic of about (m3) percent in the province of East for (m3) by% of total Republic, as estimated total loss transport and distribution between Aswan field all over (m3) by% of total loss at the level of the Republic of them (m3) by% have made it clear study estimate the levels of efficiency and productivity, economic and land that use irrigation developer compared irrigation is the developer province of East on wheat, as explained the study the most important variables influential in productivity acres wheat irrigation system developer and other parties developer the amount of water and costs of irrigation college in each of them with respect to estimate the statistical to prove production costs college wheat has agreed with the logic of economic and that he explained that the Volume who organizes yield estimated (ardebs) while the extent the size that the sub-par the average total costs minimum about (ardebs) to the agriculture substrate the basic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]