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Background There are many ancient Persian works. We need to respect these works and study them to discover the hidden aspects. Objective The present study aims to review the medical poems in the old manuscript “Masnavi Sadriyeh” by Ali Akbar Hamadani. Methods In this review study, a search was first conducted in Google Scholar, Noor Mags, MagIran, Scientific Information Database (SID), Gisoom and ViraScience websites using the related keywords to collect information. Among the found articles, 52 articles were selected and reviewed. Then, the medical poems in the manuscript “Masnavi Sadriyeh” related to their findings were reported. Results Of 2766 verses in the poems, about 79 were related to medicine. Most of them were about the function of body organs such as eyes, eyelashes, teeth, throat, nose, brain, larynx, five senses, liver, lungs, etc. Conclusion The old manuscript Masnavi Sadriyeh favorably reflects the connection between historical, religious, and medical topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]