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Stone cultural properties installed outdoors are not well preserved and are often damaged. Check the preservation environment and damage situation of the stone statue of Deva kings image in Ikura Minami-Hachiman Shrine, Tamana City and make a record.

In the present study, the distribution of temperature and relative humidity inside one of the exhibition cases in the temporary exhibition room of Mie Prefectural Museum due to heat generated from LED lighting devices was measured and their 3D distribution was estimated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The effects of installed silica gel humidity conditioner and air circulation system were observed from the measurements, and the main factors of the distribution of temperature were evaluated from the results of CFD. As a result of measurements, it was found that the temperature inside the exhibition case was higher when there was no forced air circulation than when there was. The temperature at 4.5m from floor level was especially high in both circumstances, but withforced air circulation the gradient of temperature distribution was lower in the direction of the height. As to the gradient of relative humidity distribution, no considerable difference was found between the two circumstances.However,the absolute humidity increased more with forced air circulation. It can be presumed that the air controlled with humidity conditioner was delivered more efficiently. Estimations of temperature and humidity distribution by CFD were nearly the same as the results of measurements. From these estimated temperature distribution and air direction by CFD,turbulence of heated air and re-heating were observed at a high position on the exhibition case,and it can be presumed that these phenomena were the main factors for temperature increase when there was no forced air circulation. Even though LED light generates less heat than incandescent or fluorescent light, the temperature inside exhibition case will increase.So we need to be continually careful when setting display lights. Also, for efficient humidity control, it is better that the air inside exhibition case be circulated all the time.

pdf, 国文学研究資料館で開催の常設展示「和書のさまざま」では、長期間にわたる資料展示を考慮して、展示の際には資料一点一点の状態を確認し、資料の形態と状態に合わせた演示具を作製している。同時に、品川区戸越より移転した平成二十（2008）年以降は、展示室の環境管理を目的とした温度・湿度、生物生息モニタリングを継続的に実施している。本論文では、これまで実施してきた資料展示現場における和書を中心とする資料の展示方法についての紹介と、保存環境制御のための温度・湿度、生物生息モニタリング解析の結果を報告する。更に、展示照明の一部をLED照明に変更したことにより、これまでの照明と照明変更後の展示ケース内の温度変化に着目した検証の結果を報告し、展示照明と資料保存に関する問題点を述べる。 In permanent exhibition, "Washo no samazama" held by National Institute of Japanese Literature, staff confirm material’s state and make special tool to show the material in order not to deteriorate them over a long period of time. Since 2008, which they moved from Togoshi Shinagawa-ku, they continuously monitor temperature, humidity and habitat with the aim of environmental conservation. This paper shows how to exhibit Japanese old book used by National Institute of Japanese Literature, and describes the result of monitoring temperature, humidity and habitat for environmental conservation. In addition, this paper presents the results of changing display light from in candescent light to LED from the perspective of temperature in the show case. Based on this result, we discuss the problem of exhibition’s light and material preservation.

For the decorated tombs which have been designated as historic site in Ukiha City, Fukuoka Prefecture,a temperature-humidity measurement was performed to evaluate the conservation environment in the stone chamber or shelter. At first the decorated tombs were classified into three groups according to whether a mound or a stone chamber is left and whether preservation maintenance has been carried out: (a) a mound or a stone chamber is not left,and remaining wall stones are directly covered by shelter,(b)a mound or a stone chamber is left,and a shelter closing the entrance of the stone chamber has been built, (c)a mound and a stone chamber both remain but no preservation maintenance has been undertaken. As a result, it was found that in type (a) the effect of the shelter was restrictive although the shelter reduced the influence of sunlight and temperature change was small. Type (b)was maintained in a stable environment at high humidity, and the effect of theshelter at the entrance of stone chamber was confirmed. The environmental condition of type (c)was kept well but, compared with (b), the outside influence was observed slightly more.

24年5月，中央図書館修復室においてシバンムシの発生が確認された．本稿ではこの問題の経緯と対処について，またこれを機として開始した調査と対策について報告する．

The risk of biological deteriorations depends much on the climate and the architectural conditions of buildings which possess cultural properties, books, and documents. The investigation was carried out at the Federal Conservation Center, National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg. Considering the climograph which shows monthly average values of the annual outdoor temperature and relative humidity, there is a lower risk of deterioration by insects and mould in St. Petersburg than in Tokyo. Indoor climate condition of the storage in this library was also far from this risk. However, the range of maximum and minimum values of outside temperature there is quite broad; this may easily cause physical stress to the materials. We performed samplings of surface moulds and air-borne moulds with Cz(Czapek) and MA (Malt extract agar + NaCl 10%) media using an air-sampler (EMD Chemicals Inc,MAS-100). The CFU value inside the storage was always lower than that outside. We detected more xelophilic moulds than hydrophilous moulds inside the storage and found flora with pshycrophilic fungi characteristic in subarctic continental humid climate. Biological damage was not seen during the investigation from April to June, even with high humidity outside. It is possible that the architectural damp course and calorifuge of the traditional style building defend collections from biodeterioration influenced by the outdoor climate.

Microorganism contamination measurement using ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) bioluminescence is reported much in the field of food hygiene. Especially ATP swab test using a portable luminometer and an exclusive swab with extract agent and luciferase is widely utilized for sanitary control. ATP swab test takes only a few minutes to check biocontaminations, while traditional agar incubation method takes several days. The advantages of ATP swab test are its simplicity and promptness in operation, and these are thought to be useful in microorganism measurement at museums and conservation facilities for cultural properties. However, there is a very large difference in the environment and the situation in which microorganism measurement takes place between food hygiene and conservation of cultural properties. In the case of biocontamination check in storages in museums, the environment is quite dry and has only a little ATP sources compared with that at food factories or restaurant kitchens. On the other hand, in the case of sterilization of stones and soils in conservation facilities of tumuli or historic sites, sterilization agents penetrate into the substrate, and an ATP swab test is conducted under a situation in which sterilization agents are insufficiently removed. For the practical use of ATP swab test in conservation facilities, we conducted two investigations. One is to try biocontamination check at a museum, and the other is to verify proper measurement under a situation in which sterilization agents exist. As a result of biocontamination check at the museum, it was possible to detect enough luminescence from wiped swabs and to estimate the distribution of biocontamination in the storage. We certified that ATP swab test can be utilized well in museums. As a result of experiments about the interference effect of sterilization agents to the measurement of ATP luminescence, it was found that some of the agents disturbed luminescence measurement when ATP concentration was low. We conducted another experiment about ATP swab test in the situation in which sterilization agents existed on Aspergillus versicolor. In the case of agents which directly attack the cell wall in the sterilization mechanism (ex. ethanol, formalin, benzalkonium chloride, sodium hypochlorite), the amount of ATP luminescence (RLU: Relative Light Unit) and survived spores (CFU: Colony Forming Unit) were not correlated because of the elution of intracellular ATP. On the other hand, in the case of an agent which obstructs enzyme action in the sterilization mechanism (Kathon CGTM) and irradiation of ultraviolet ray, the amount of ATP luminescence correlated with survived spores. Thus at tumuli or historic sites, since ATP swab test can be utilized for the verification of sterilization when using only specific agents, it is necessary to asses its application beforehand.

The Seminar Course for Museum Curators which has been held by the National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo since 1984 will be in its 25th year. The total number of participants up to now has counted 537. They hold responsible positions in the conservation of cultural properties in museums.

pdf, アーカイブズ保存のための物理的コントロールの目的は、アーカイブズの物理的原形をでき得る限り維持し、永続的に歴史的文化的資源として広く利用可能なよう、適切な保存・公開のシステムを構築することにある。アーカイブズのさまざまな保存の課題に取り組む場合、建物と保存環境管理、史料群のロケーション、史料群ごとの保存状態の現状、そして個々の史料の劣化状態・修復状況・記録媒体（記録素材・記録定着媒体・記録形状）調査・利用状況、という順序をたどる。まず、アーカイブズの物理的階層を示し、その階層を基幹として、その段階ごとに保存情報が資源化されていく過程について紹介し、物理的管理に必要となる情報は何であるのか、それはどのように生成し、集約化していくのか、さらにどのように公開していくことが望ましいかを述べる。アーカイブズの物理的階層を5段階に設定し、その段階に沿って国文学研究資料館収蔵アーカイブズの具体的事例を紹介しつつ、実施方法を呈示する。 まず、第1章「はじめに」において本稿を概観し、第2章「研究の課題」で、アーカイブズ保存のための物理的コントロールに関する課題を整理した。特に、物理的階層を基幹とした保存管理研究の必要性と、保存情報を資源として活用できるようにする電子化システムの環境整備をあげた。第3章「アーカイブズ保存のための物理的コントロールの流れ」では、物理的階層の1から4段階について、建築・環境管理、史料群の配架と配列、史料群の状態までを具体的事例で紹介する。第4章「史料単位の保存状態」では、物理的コントロールの最終段階である史料劣化調査・修復記録・紙質調査についてその実態を明らかにする。 The purpose of physical control of archives for preservation and conservation is to keep the original physical forms of archives as much as possible and to construct appropriate preservation and release systems so that archives can be used perpetually as historical and cultural resources. For this purpose, such issues should be considered as: building and environmental control; location control; investigation of physical condition of each archive group and each item; condition of use; and so forth. Based on a case study of archival holdings of the National Institute of Japanese Literature, the present essay is intended to show five physical levels of archives, introduce the process of making preservation information into common resources, as well as to discuss what kind of information is needed for physical control and how it is created, integrated and should be released. Starting with the first chapter as ''Introduction", the second chapter "Purpose of the study'' lists main issues of physical control underlining the necessity of research based on physical levels and the importance of developing electronic systems for making use of preservation information as common resources. The third chapter "Process of physical control of archives for preservation and conservation" introduces the specific examples of building and environmental control, location and arrangement control of archives, as well as the investigation of physical condition of each archive group, at each of physical levels from level one through level four. Lastly, the chapter four "Physical condition of archives at item level" discusses the issues of investigating paper deterioration, recording the restoration process, and researching paper material, as the last stage (i.e. level five) of physical control of archives.

Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan. D-2, Environmental engineering II, Heat, moisture, thermal comfort, natural energy, air flow, ventilation, smoke exhaustion, computational fluid dynamics, indoor air quality heating, cooling and air-conditioning heat and cold sources, piping systems application of building services