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为了进一步改善R-SPP（正反馈表面等离子体激元）在非对称波导结构中的性能,设计了一种新型的平面型非对称波导结构。研究了入射角和波长取一定值时,传播距离函数导致的显著振荡特性,分析表明,该结构在核芯厚度一定时,能够通过改变入射角实现长距离的传播SPP模式,且在7001 500nm的入射波长下能够实现550!m的传播距离。通常传统的SPP的传播距离约为2!m,而该结构的最大传播距离可达50!m,这一结果对于SPP在新型光子器件中的推广应用有一定的理论和实际意义。

光传送网（OTN）是随着WDM技术的发展而产生的,ITU T在2001年提出了其接口标准—G.709建议。该建议采用数字包封技术,定义了数据的封装格式,将前向纠错（FEC）技术引入光传送网标准接口中。文章分析了OTN的帧格式,着重介绍了其采用的FEC技术。将G.709标准应用到实际光接口盘的设计中,并通过实验验证了FEC技术的良好效果。

Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To explore the influence and the underlying mechanism of transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) on glioma. Methods U87MG and LN229 glioma cell lines with TMEM16A knockdown were constructed by using shRNA or lentivirus, and negative control group (Serb shRNA) and shRNA group were set up. TMEM16A overexpression was constructed by using the GV141-TMEM16A plasmid and empty vector control group (Vector) and TMEM16A overexpression group were set up. The mRNA levels of TMEM16A and IkBa were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Western Blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted to analyze protein expressions. In vitro, the Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU, flow cytometry, wound healing, and Transwell assays were employed to measure glioma cells' viability, proliferation, cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion. An assay of dual-luciferase reporter was conducted to assess the influence of TMEM16A on NF-KB activation. NF-KB activation mechanism was ascertained by cycloheximide chase assay and coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP). An intracranial mouse model was used to evaluate the effects of TMEM16A on glioma tumorgenesis in vivo. Results Compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues or normal human astrocytes (NHA), TMEM16A were highly expressed in glioma tissues and cells. The expression level of TMEM16A increased with the grade of glioma. Compared to the Scrb shRNA group, knockdown of TMEM16A in U87MG and LN229 cells had a considerable inhibitory effect on viable, proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities and it can cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Western Blot showed that compared with the Serb shRNA group, the expression of p21, p27, Bax, cl-caspase-3, and E-cadherin was significantly increased and expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK4, Bcl-2, TWISTI, N- cadherin, Vimentin, Slug, MMP2, and MMP9 decreased. TMEM16A activated NF-KB signaling pathway by ubiquitination-mediated IkBa degradation in glioma cells. Compared to the Serb shRNA group, knockdown of TMEM16A hindered glioma tumorgenesis in vivo. Conclusions The results provide strong evidence that TMЕM16A/NF-кВ axis drives glioma progression and provide the basis for the treatment of glioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bsang is a folk activity with unique ethnic cultural characteristics on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), and plays an important role in the daily life of Zang people. There are abundant bsang plant resources and related bsang cultural knowledge on the QTP, to investigate, document, and study Xizang bsang plants and related traditional knowledge, the research team conducted four ethnobotanical surveys on bsang plants in Xizang Autonomous Region, China. Interviews were conducted with 459 informants from 23 townships, documenting 83 species of bsang plants belonging to 36 genera across 19 families. The results are as follows: (1) People of different regions, ages, and genders possess extensive knowledge of bsang plants. (2) Hordeum vulgare var. coeleste, Juniperus indica, and Rhododendron anthopogon have high cultural value index (CV), making them crucial in bsang activities. (3) The utilization of bsang plants demonstrates regional and substitutive characteristics, reflecting the local practices of scientifically managing and sustainably collecting of bsang plant resources. This study contributes to the inheritance of bsang activities and the biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization of bsang plant resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The use of structural durability analysis technology can effectively improve the economic efficiency of aircraft structures while ensuring their reliability. This paper utilizes the structural durability analysis technique to study the initial fatigue quality (IFQ) of a typical fatigue structure of 7B04-T651 high-strength aluminum alloy under the action of flight load spectrum of a certain type of aircraft. Firstly, the maximum likelihood estimation method is applied to the parameter estimation problem of crack initiation time distribution based on three-parameter Weibull distribution. The Monte Carlo method is used to verify the correctness of this approach. Secondly, fatigue tests under three different stress levels are carried out on the flight load spectrum. The logarithmic sample moment approach is proposed to process the equivalent initial flaw size distribution to obtain its general model. In addition, the initial fatigue quality model describing the typical structure is established, which verifies that the equivalent initial flaw size (EIFS) is less than the allowable 0.125 mm. By analyzing the initial fatigue quality of the typical structure, the correctness and practicability of the generalization method is demonstrated, and the life estimation model of this typical structure is built under different stress zones, different specified crack sizes and different reliability levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The dried seeds of the legume plant chickpea have high nutritional value and contain a variety of bioactive ingredients. It has benefits like lowering blood pressure and blood lipids, as well as anticancer and antibacterial. The extraction methods used vary depending on the composition of chickpea. The paper provided an overview of the bioactive ingredients, functions, and extraction methods of chickpea, in order to advance research on the extraction and efficacy of the bioactive ingredients in chickpea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Computer Measurement & Control is the property of Magazine Agency of Computer Measurement & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Tiangong University is the property of Journal of Tianjin Polytechnic University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The learn ability of animals to behavioral decisions in a specific environment is an important basis for their survival, therefore, how to accurately evaluate the learning ability between using past experience and valuing future reward of animals in Markov decision-making tasks is important for animal behavior and psychology. A Markov decision task with state transition probability was designed, pigeons were trained to choose between two options in different states and consider future benefits to maximize cumulative rewards. At the end of the experiment, Q-learning model of pigeons' behavioral decision-making was modeled, and the learning rate was used to evaluate their ability to make choices based on past experience, and the discount factor was used to evaluate their emphasis on future rewards. The results shows that the learning ability between using past experience and valuing future reward of pigeons in Markov decision-making tasks could be evaluated by Q-learning model parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the theory of macro-cell corrosion, cathodic steels and anodic steels were cast in two separated concrete blocks and were connected and disconnected by lead wires to simulate the macro-cell corrosion and micro-cell corrosion. By changing the chloride ion content in the concrete blocks, the cathodic steels and anodic steels show different electro chemical parameters. By analyzing the relationships between the corrosion potential, macro-cell potential difference, macro-cell current density and the macro-cell polarization ratio, the influence of electrochemical parameters of steels on the macro-cell corrosion current and control mode was clarified, and the transformation boundary of the macro-cell corrosion control mode when the are a ratio of cathodic steels to anodic steels is 1 was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Signal Processing is the property of Journal of Signal Processing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)