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In this paper, the phenomenon of phase transition is studied in an asymmetric tristable model driven by Lévy noise and Gaussian white noise. First, the fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm is used to simulate the stationary probability density of the system. Then we observe the shape of the stationary probability density curve by adjusting the system parameters and noise parameters. It has been found that asymmetric parameter, additive noise intensity, multiplicative noise intensity, the stability index, and the skewness parameter can all induce phase transition. Moreover, the influence of additive noise intensity and multiplicative noise intensity on the number and height of stationary probability density peaks is opposite. We also found that under the same asymmetric parameters, the influence of positive and negative skewness parameters on the stationary probability density is different.(讨论了非对称三稳系统在Lévy噪声和高斯白噪声共同驱动下的相转移问题。采用四阶Runge-Kutta算法，计算了系统的稳态概率密度函数，通过改变系统参数和噪声参数观察其稳态概率密度函数曲线形态的变化情况。研究发现，非对称参数、加性噪声强度、乘性噪声强度、稳定性指标、偏斜参数均可诱导系统相转移，当分别改变加性噪声强度和乘性噪声强度时，概率密度函数的峰数与高度的变化情况相反。此外，在相同的非对称参数下，随着偏斜参数正负取值的变化，概率密度曲线图中峰的结构亦呈现不同的现象。)

高年级商务汉语课由于其学生差异较大，教材内容专业性强、实效性低等特殊矛盾对我们的教 学也提出了特殊的要求。为了更好地应对上述挑战，本文的两位作者在密西根大学四年级商务 汉语课程中不断尝试，将多种创新教学法融入课程设计和教学实践当中，并取得了良好的效果。 本文将通过对课程架构及具体教学活动设计的展示，介绍并探讨新型教学法在高级汉语课程中 的综合使用。具体内容包括如何使用游戏化课程设计法构建一个更加灵活的平台，为学生提供 个性化的学习体验并激发其内在的学习动机。此外，通过项目及任务型教学法、案例式教学法， 有效地将真实语料融入课堂教学之中。从而帮助学生提高综合语言技能和实际业务技能，包括 正式的语言运用、沟通技巧和解决汉语实际问题的分析能力。

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University / Nanjuing Nongye Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Chinese Mental Health Journal / Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi is the property of Chinese Mental Health Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this experiment is to establish a method for measuring the centrifugal water holding capacity of feed materials. The water holding capacity of 21 diets was measured by membrane centrifugation, and the correlation between water holding capacity and nutritional indexes of diets was analyzed. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the determination of water holding capacity of feed materials by centrifugation of filter membrane were as follows: Pore diameter of filter membrane 25 μm, centrifugal speed 3 000 r/min. The standard deviation and average expanded uncertainty of the measurement results of centrifugal water holding capacity of filter membrane are less than those of centrifugal method the water holding capacity of diets was significantly positively correlated with hemicellulose content (P<0.05), positively correlated with neutral detergent fiber content (P>0.05), and negatively correlated with starch content. The study indicates that the establishment of centrifugal water holding capacity determination method of feed materials can provide reference for accurate determination of water holding capacity and later formula design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advanced Textile Technology is the property of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Magazines and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on groundwater level data of 35 monitoring boreholes from 2015 to 2020 obtained from a large-scale underground water-sealed cavern project, the characteristics and causes of the changes in the ground water level were systematically analyzed. Taking the construction progress of each cavern unit and geological structure information obtained from previous survey into account, those monitoring data revealed the influence of underground cavern excavation and artificial water curtain system on groundwater level, and the possible risk areas of low water pressure. According to the corresponding relationship between the temporal changes of ground water level and construction progress, the monitoring boreholes could be divided into three types: water level maintains relatively stable, water level declines when adjacent tunnels were excavated; water level declines far after the adjacent tunnels were excavated. Combined with the spatial distribution of boreholes and the construction progress of underground caverns, it could be found that the ground water level in the overall study area declined after the excavation of the underground caverns. However, benefited by the artificial water curtain, groundwater level in most area maintained higher than the safe water level (-25 m). Affected by faults F2, F3 and joint fracture zones L4, L8, local ground water level in the southwest was still for below the safe water level (-25 m) at the end of monitoring, and it indicated a risk of insufficient water sealing. It indicated that the dynamics of the ground water level in the study area was closely related to the construction progress and quality of the underground caverns, and the systematic monitoring of the groundwater level and timely analysis and feedback were essential. It is urgent to compile a specification for the underground water monitoring of the water-sealed cavern to promote more systematic monitoring of ground water and improve the construction efficiency of the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Mass Spectrometry Society is the property of Journal of Chinese Mass Spectrometry Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan University of Technology Natural Science Edition is the property of Henan University of Technology Journal Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Applied Chemical Industry is the property of Shaanxi Research Design Insitute of Petroleum & Chemical Industry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition) is the property of Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To evahmte the intervention effect of nntritioni.il intervention nxasun on the supply of various foods, energy, and nutrumts for hmeh among students in Wemzhou, as w(dl as the mtc of l(ftov(T food. Methods From 2021 to 2022, a middle school was randomly from 13districts in Wcmzhoii City. Before and after the intervention, the school 胃as surveyed for a (continuous week using weighing and a(x*ounting methods to investigates the supply of various types of food in the cafctctih and the daily numlxr of din(TS, L(rftov(rs 胃ere classified and wcighccL Intervention m(asuns include nutritional meal support and nutritional health cclucation. The results were (yvaliuitcd bas(xl on the "Student Dietary Nutrition Guid(din(sn and the "Reference Intakes of Dietary Nutriemts for Chinese Residents (2013 Edition) Results Aft(江 the intervention, the food supply in the cafctcrin of junior high schools in W(mzhou na(di(xl 80. 00% of the nx*omm(nid(xl amount, including grains, potatoes, fish, and shrimp. The food supply Ixdow 80. 00% of the nx*omm(nd(xl amount was ngctnhlcs, fruits, eggs, and milk. The food supply above 120. 00% of the amount was poultry and animd ment, vegetable oil, and salt. The supply of fruits, fish, and shrimp was significantly improved (i =2. 342, P = 0. 029; t - -1.914, P = 0. 070), In tenns of nntri(nit supply, nutriemts that meh 60. 00% of the Mc()mm(m(lc(l amount include energy, calcium, vitamin Bl, vitamin B2, and carh()hy(hatc energy supply ratio, Nutrknits that an lowcr than 60% of the recommended amount include vitamin A, (lictnry fiber, prot(dn, zinc, iron, Adtamin C, and fat energy supply ratio. Among them, zinc, \dtamin A, vitamin C supply and fat energy supply ratio have been significantly improv(xl(t = 2. 280, P = 0. 0340; t = 一3. 261, P 二0. 004; U = -2. 638, P = 0. 008; t - -2. 173, P =0. 041), The rate of leftover staples and v(g(tarian dish(於(lccmnscd significantly (\2 =4. 828, P - 0.028; x? = 15. 813, P < 0. 001), Conclusion Bascxl on schools, adopting nntritiomd meal support and implementing nutritional health education interventions can to some extent improve the supply of luncdi food, energy, and nutrunits in school canteens, and m(hic(: the nite of l(rftov(r food and '「cgctdhlcs among students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the background of rapid urbanization, the urban thermal environment in China has deteriorated sharply. Studying the impact of urbanization on temperature helps to gain a deeper understanding of the characteristics of climate change in China. However, previous studies have mostly focused on either air temperature or ground temperature, and the differences in the impact of urbanization on the two are not fully understood. Based on the data of daily surface air temperature (hereafter referred to as air temperature) and ground surface temperature (hereafter referred to as ground temperature) from 20 meteorological stations in Fujian Province, this study applied trend analysis and the urban minus rural method to explore the influence of urbanization on the changes of air temperature and ground temperature in Fujian Province during 1987--2017. The results showed that (1) the changes in the two indexes exhibited a large spatiotemporal heterogeneity. In terms of regional average temperature, both annual and seasonal average temperatures showed an increasing trend, but the increase in ground temperature was generally higher than that of the air temperature. (2) The impacts of urbanization on the daily mean, maximum, and minimum air and ground temperatures were largely different. The influence of urbanization on the change of annual mean ground temperature (0.18 ℃ · (10 a)-1, P < 0.01) was greater than that on annual mean air temperature (0.08 ℃ · (10 a)-1, P < 0.05). Similarly, the impact on the average ground temperature changes in each season was also higher than that of air temperature. (3) In the regional annual mean ground temperature of Fujian Province calculated based on data from all stations, a significant urbanization bias was detected (0.06 ℃ · (10 a)-1, P < 0.05). This bias was more obvious in mean ground temperature in spring and summer. Therefore, the difference in change rates of air and ground temperatures in Fujian Province was related to the warming effects of urbanization. It is recommended that urbanization biases should be considered and eliminated in future studies to improve our understanding of regional climate and ecological changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Chinese Potato Journal is the property of Northeast Agricultural University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering / Cailiao Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Materials Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Research of Soil & Water Conservation is the property of Institute of Soil & Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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T细胞活化V结构域Ig抑制因子（VISTA）作为一种新型的免疫检查点分子，在肿瘤微环境中通过结合其 伴侣及介导免疫抑制的信号通路来削弱固有免疫和适应性免疫应答，进而促进肿瘤进展。VISTA在不同瘤种中的 预后价值仍存在争议，然而，大多数研究更倾向于其作为负性预后指标。在临床前动物模型中，阻断VISTA可重新 激活抗肿瘤免疫和增强程序性死亡受体1/程序性死亡配体1抑制剂的抗肿瘤活性，从而抑制小鼠肿瘤生长，这为探 索新的免疫治疗靶点和克服免疫耐药提供了新的思路。当前已有多个VISTA抑制剂进入临床研究阶段，并取得阳 性结果。因此VISTA是颇具潜力的免疫治疗新靶点。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the effect of N-acetylated proline-glycine-proline （N-Ac-PGP）-induced M1 macrophage polarization by Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） on the inflammatory response in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. METHODS: The expression levels of N-Ac-PGP and M1 macrophage inflammatory cytokines in the sputum of COPD patients were clinically tested. Human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells were cultured in vitro, and were induced to differentiate into M0 macrophages using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate（ PMA）. Subsequently, the M0 macrophages were induced to polarize to M1-type by lipopolysaccharide（ LPS） and N-Ac-PGP. RT-qPCR and Western blot were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of the macrophage surface markers CD11b, CD45, CD86, and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）, respectively. The levels of M1 macrophage inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin-1β （IL-1β）, IL-6 and IL-23 were detected using ELISA. Finally, the TLR4 path-way was inhibited and the macrophage polarization was detected. RESULTS: The level of N-Ac-PGP was positively correlated with the expression of inflammatory cytokines in M1 macrophages. The THP-1 cells were successfully induced to differentiate into M0 macrophages with PMA treatment. The expression of marker proteins in M1 macrophages increased after LPS and N-Ac-PGP treatment （P<0. 05）, which demonstrated that M0 macrophages were polarized to M1-type after LPS and N-Ac-PGP treatment. Meanwhile, the expression levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-23 were up-regulated（ P<0. 05）. In further experiments, the combination of TLR4 inhibitor and N-Ac-PGP reversed the promoting effect of N-Ac-PGP on the polarization of M0 macrophages to M1-type, and also significantly reduced the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines （P<0. 05）. CONCLUSION: N-Ac-PGP promotes the inflammatory response in COPD by activating TLR4-induced M1 macrophage polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Teacher Education Research is the property of Teacher Education Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)