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旨在为富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的中长链脂肪酸甘油三酯（MLCT）产品的应用提供参考，采用脂肪酶Lipozyme TL IM催化精炼桑蚕蛹油（SPO）与三辛酸甘油酯（TRI）进行酯交换反应合成富含α-亚麻酸（ALA）的MLCT（ALA-MLCT），考察了反应时间对ALA-MLCT合成的影响，并对合成的ALA-MLCT的甘油三酯组成、质量指标、氧化稳定性、乳液性能和体外消化特性进行了分析。结果表明：Lipozyme TL IM催化效率高，反应10 h TRI的转化率达到98%以上，反应12 h合成的产物ALA-MLCT中含有ALA的MLCT含量可以达到40.41%，且主要为LnCaCa (1095%)、PLnCa (7.69%)和OLnCa (6.21%)，其质量指标符合中长链脂肪酸食用油标准征求意见稿2022中的一级食用油标准；与SPO和酯交换反应底物物理混合物（SPO与TRI质量比1∶ 4,SPO+TRI）相比，产物ALA-MLCT氧化稳定性显著提高，其乳液粒径较小且分布均匀，具有更好的物理稳定性；体外模拟消化实验表明，与SPO+TRI相比，ALA-MLCT更快达到消化平衡，但最终二者消化率均可以达到90%以上。综上，合成的ALA-MLCT结构脂有助于提高ALA的生物可及性，有望作为功能性食用油脂。In order to provide reference for the application of medium-and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides (MLCT) products enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), lipase Lipozyme TL IM was employed to catalyze the transesterification of refined silkworm pupa oil (SPO) and tricaprylin (TRI) to synthesize MLCT rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) (ALA-MLCT). The impact of reaction time on the synthesis of ALA-MLCT was studied, and the triglycerides composition, quality index, oxidative stability, emulsion performance, and in vitro digestion characteristics of the ALA-MLCT were analyzed. The results showed that Lipozyme TL IM had high catalytic efficiency, and the conversion rate of TRI reached more than 98% after 10 h of reaction. The content of MLCT containing ALA in ALA-MLCT synthesized by transesterification reaction for 12 h reached 40.41%, and it was mainly composed of LnCaCa (10.95% ), PLnCa (769%) and OLnCa (6.21%). The quality indexes of ALA-MLCT complied with the standards of first-class edible oil in the medium- and long- chain fatty acid edible oil standard draft 2022. Compared with SPO and the physical mixture of transesterification reaction substrate (SPO+TRI, in a 1∶ 4 mass ratio), ALA-MLCT exhibited significantly improved oxidation stability, and its emulsion had better physical stability, with smaller and more evenly distributed particles size. In vitro simulated digestion experiments revealed that ALA-MLCT achieved a faster digestive balance compared with SPO+TRI, but the final digestibility of both could exceed 90%. In conclusion, the synthesized ALA-MLCT can help to improve the bioaccessibility of ALA and is expected to be used as functional edible oil.

Copyright of Uranium Geology is the property of Uranium Geology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Bacillus licheniformis is an anaerobic gram-positive bacterium, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, acid resistance, enzyme production, and antibacterial substances, which can improve the growth performance of broilers, improve immune performance, promote intestinal development and regulate intestinal flora, prevent and control diseases such as chicken necrotizing enteritis and coccidiosis, and has the potential to replace antibiotics. The paper reviewed the effects of Bacillus Hcheniformis on the growth performance, immune function, antioxidant performance, intestinal development, and microbial composition of broilers, as well as the prevention and control effects of necrotizing enteritis and coccidiosis, and summarized the appropriate dosage of Bacillus Hcheniformis, in order to provide a reference for the application of Bacillus Hcheniformis in broiler production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Raising chickens in orchard has been widely developed in China, serving as a popular ecological breeding mode, due to the direct usage of chicken manure as a fertilizer to achieve comprehensive utilization of land resources and agricultural wastes, and thereby to reduce the addition of herbicides and insecticides. However, the organic matter and antibiotics leaching from the chicken manure have posed a potential pollution risk on the orchard soil and the surrounding water environment. Research on the co-transport behavior of manure-derived dissolved organic matter and antibiotics is lacking, particularly on the relevant mechanism. This study aims to investigate the migration characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in chicken manure, and theirs effects on the adsorption and leaching features of sulfadiazine (SD), florfenicol (FFC) and tylosin (TYL) inan orchard in the typical calcareous purple soil area of central Sichuan, China. Batch equilibrium and packed soil column experiments were carried out using the combined techniques of spectroscopic characterization. The results indicated that tryptophan was the main component of the tested chicken manure DOM, to increase the adsorption sites for antibiotics on the soil surface, indicating a stronger adsorption in soil, compared with that of humic acid. The isotherm adsorption of three antibiotics fitted well by both the linear and Freundlich equations, indicating a physical adsorption process dominated. There were weak adsorption capacities of SD and FFC in the studied orchard soil. Their adsorption almost remain constant, when spiked simultaneously with chicken manure DOM (200 mg/L). In the case, the adsorption of SD and FFC increased significantly (P<0.05), when the chicken manure DOM was introduced to the soil in advance. The corresponding Kf values for SD and FFC increased by 77.28% and 114.36%, respectively, due to the binding of antibiotics to the previously adsorbed chicken manure DOM on the soil surface via a mechanism of noncovalent interactions. There was a strong absorption capacity of TYL in the tested soil. TYL was not sensitive to the presence of chicken manure DOM in its migration process for most soil adsorption sites. Under a simulated rainfall of 20 mm/h, SD and FFC were highly mobile, leaching out almost simultaneously with the water flow tracer Br- from the soil column. Being consistent with the results from the batch experiment, the chicken manure DOM in the treatment of injection prior to antibiotics delayed the breakthrough of SD and FFC by 0.49 and 0.25 PV, and their total leaching amount decreased by 12.04% and 15.35%, respectively. The decrease leaching of SD and FFC also occurred in the treatment of simultaneous injection of chicken manure DOM and antibiotics. Most residues of TYL retained in the topsoil without penetrating, indicating that the chicken manure DOM had no impact on the leaching of TYL. Therefore, for the highly mobile antibiotics, the chicken manure DOM can be expected to increase the retention of antibiotics in the soil through a co-adsorption mechanism. The finding demonstrated that the adsorption of tryptophan from chicken manure DOM can pose a significant blocking effect on the leaching of weakly adsorbed antibiotics in the co-transport process of manure DOM and antibiotics in soil due to chicken raising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的 研究基于微信平台结合实况教学在神经病学临床教学中的应用效果。方法 选取2016级南华大学临床医学专业本科学生90名作为研究对象，随机分为试验组和对照组，每组各45名。试验组采用基于微信平台结合实况教学，对照组采用传统教学法。教学结束后，对90名学生进行一致考核，比较2组教学效果。结果 试验组的考核成绩、教学满意度均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 基于微信平台结合实况教学可提高神经病学的临床教学效果。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Based on the nodal discontinuous Galerkin method, a new way to solve the lattice Boltzmann equation(LBE), i. e. a nodal discontinuous Galerkin-lattice Boltzmann method (NDG-LBM), is presented in this study. In this method, the collision process and streaming process in LBE are split into two sub-steps. To implement the collision process, the multi-relaxation time (MRT) model in LBM is adopted. Meanwhile, the streaming process can be converted into the advection equation, which is then solved via the nodal discontinuous Galerkin method. Here, the space is discretized on the unstructured grids, and the time discretization is performed by using the low-storage fourth-order, five-stage Runge-Kutta scheme. To validate the current NDG-LBM, the simulations of lid-driven cavity flow, flows over a stationary circular cylinder, two rotating-stationary cylinders and a NACA0012 airfoil with high Reynolds number are carried out. By comparing the obtained numerical results with previous data in literature, the good agreement is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Computer Engineering & Science / Jisuanji Gongcheng yu Kexue is the property of Computer Engineering & Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)