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智能审判系统的试点与运用是推进我国审判工作现代化发展的一大尝试，其不应仅发挥快速搜索法律规范的功效，也应通过类案整理、学说综述等方式生成责任认定体系，为案件关键性问题的审判提供参考建议。危害珍贵、濒危野生动物罪案件的审判工作往往面临着是否需要判断以及如何判断犯罪嫌疑人是否明确知晓涉案动物是国家重点保护的珍贵、濒危野生动物之难题。智能审判系统应从危害珍贵、濒危野生动物罪案件的现实需求入手，厘清案件关键性问题，即“明知”问题的法律逻辑，并在智能审判系统中设置责任认定体系，进一步优化审判效果。智能审判中危害珍贵、濒危野生动物罪责任认定体系构建的基本准则：应以立法为根基、以案例为内涵、以学说为补充，形成类案法律规范库，根据犯罪构成要件编写责任认定体系；形成类案动物名录库，生成审判重点预警及分析；形成类案学术观点库，生成认定“明知”的实体性审判参考建议；设置重要时节提醒点，在辅助生成法律文书时充分发挥宣传效能。在智能审判系统中构建责任认定体系，有助于真正达到智能审判系统辅助实践审判的目标。

【目的】研究帕金森氏病（PD）致病基因SNCA在A53T位置突变后对转基因小鼠中脑多巴胺，神经元DNA甲基化修饰的影响。【方法】分别取转突变的人源α-突触核蛋白（hα-syn）即hA53Tα-syn基因小鼠和对照组小鼠的中脑组织，采用重亚硫酸盐测序法（BS-seq）分别对12月龄的转基因小鼠和非转基因（nTg）小鼠进行全基因组甲基化分析，随后筛选出差异甲基化区域（DMR）用于GO富集分析。【结果】通过对比分析，我们总计发现481个DMR，其中高甲基化与低甲基化DMR分别有257和224个，包括与泛素降解途径相关的Ubqln2、HECTD4、Rnf157基因，丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶PINK1等基因。富集结果显示，差异甲基化基因总共映射到545个GO子条目，且主要富集于解剖结构发育、树突发育、神经系统发育、神经元投射等条目。【结论】帕金森致病基因SNCA在A53T位置的突变可诱导小鼠中脑多巴胺神经元DNA甲基化改变。

【目的】研究翼状胬肉组织病理学特征,探讨多能干细胞在翼状胬肉发生过程中的作用。【方法】对218例手术切除翼状胬肉标本,进行形态学、免疫组织化学和免疫荧光共聚焦显微镜观察其形态学变化及CD34、波形纤维蛋白（VIM）、平滑肌肌动蛋白（SMA）,S-100在翼状胬肉中的表达。【结果】纤维组织增生及新生血管形成为翼状胬肉的主要病理改变。增生的纤维组织不同区域变化不一,主要呈现两类变化：一为排列致密,类似巩膜纤维组织;另外就是疏松区：仅见一些梭形、多角形、星状具有一些突起的纤维母细胞样的细胞,疏松排列,之间无明显的胶原纤维存在。免疫组织化学和免疫荧光显示一些增生活跃的纤维母细胞明显表达CD34,成熟的纤维组织内的纤维细胞CD34则为阴性。此外,218例中56例显示了平滑肌的存在,44例有脂肪组织。【结论】翼状胬肉组织中的纤维组织源自于间充质干细胞,并可向平滑肌及脂肪组织分化。

【目的】研究人胚胎早中期肠壁黏膜层及黏膜上皮杯状细胞的发育。【方法】采用形态学、组化及联合组化和免疫组化等方法对27例4-28周胚胎空肠、回肠及结肠肠壁黏膜层的发育进行观察。【结果】黏膜上皮PAS阳性的杯状细胞在10周时已经出现，爱茜蓝阳性的杯状细胞在12周出现；空肠、回肠的黏膜肌层在10周时已开始形成，起源于黏膜下层的肌肉干细胞，此后，随着胎龄的增加，杯状细胞的数目增加。黏膜肌层α—SMA阳性的细胞逐渐增多。【结论】肠黏膜上皮杯状细胞在10周时开始发育，可分为4类：①含中性黏多糖的杯状细胞；②含酸性黏多糖的杯状细胞；③既含中性黏多糖又含酸性黏多糖的杯状细胞；④既不含中性黏多糖也不含酸性黏多糖的杯状细胞。黏膜肌层起源于黏膜下层的肌肉干细胞。

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Myofascial pain is a common soft tissue pain, and its key feature is the appearance of myofascial trigger points. At present, the mechanism of myofascial trigger point formation is not clear. Screening and establishing animal models with myofascial triggers is one of the essential steps to study the formation mechanism, intervention and therapeutic approach of myofascial trigger points. At present, the methods for establishing animal models of myofascial trigger points include physical intervention, chemical intervention, physical combined with chemical intervention, and animal models with inherent myofascial trigger points. By discussing and summarizing the commonly used methods for establishing myofascial trigger point animal models in research, it may provide reference for the study of methods for establishing myofascial trigger point animal models and offer a good experimental model for the research on the formation mechanism of myofascial trigger points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reduce the pollution of solid waste to the environment, and improve the utilization rate of solid waste to turn waste into treasure. The effects of fly ash, sludge and cement on the physical and chemical properties, mechanical properties and planting performance of the substrate were studied was used by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and direct shear tests. The results show that the performance of planting soil with fly ash, sludge and cement is better than that of ordinary planting soil, and there is no toxic effect. When the particle size distribution of fly ash particles in the range of 0 ~ 30 μm accounts for more than 95%, the porosity between the microscopic particles of the substrate decreases. With the increase of fly ash, the EC increases linearly, planting performance is better and fly ash can prolong the green time of plant leaves. Adding sludge, spindle-shaped microorganisms are wrapped in gel material to form agglomerated particles. With the increase in sludge, the pH and internal friction angle decreased linearly, and the electrical conductance increased linearly. Cement hydration reduces the porosity of the substrate. With the increase of cement, the pH, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the substrate have a linear increase trend. The alkaline environment provided by cement is conducive to the fixation of heavy metals in sludge and fly ash. It is concluded that the use of fly ash, sludge and cement as base materials to replace part of the slope protection planting soil not only reduces environmental pollution and maximizes the use value according to its advantages, but also improves the landscape benefit and stability of ecological slope protection from physical and chemical properties, mechanical properties and plant properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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GPx( glutathione peroxidase) is a well-studied selenase in terms of chemical properties and structure, which plays an important role in protecting cells from oxidative stress. In order to better restore the operation mechanism of GPx enzyme under the subtle pH differences in life entity, the preparation of PH-responsive GPx artificial intelligence enzyme has attracted more attention. N-ethylethylamine monotelluride molecule with GPx catalytic center and two secondary amine groups was designed and synthesized. The maximum specific activity value of the molecule was (1. 43 ± 0. 01) μmol / (min·μmol), the kinetics curve of the enzymatic reaction show that the catalytic mode is an ordered sequence mechanism, and the second-order reaction rate constant could reach the order of 10¹ ~ 10² L/ (mol·min). At pH = 6, the two secondary amine groups of N-ethylethylamine monotelluride molecule is in the double protonation state, so it could compound with cucurbit[6](CB[6]) to form a supramolecular switch. At this time, the catalytic center is embedded in the hydrophobic cavity of CB[6], and the catalytic activity is only (0. 18 ± 0. 01) μmol / (min·μmol), the artificial enzyme activity is in the off state. At pH = 7, the supramolecular switch is partially dissociated, which showed the catalytic activity of (0. 67 ± 0. 02) μmol / ( min·μmol), and the artificial enzyme activity is in the best opening state. Therefore, the supramolecular switch constructed in this paper realized recombination and dissociation in the pH range of living organisms (between 6 and 7), so as to control the off and on of the catalytic activity, providing a new method and idea for constructing Ph-responsive GPx artificial enzymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The medicinal nature of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) mainly plays a role in regulating the energy and material metabolism of the body. The energy metabolism of the body is also regulated by the nervous and endocrine systems, and the hormones are an important component of the endocrine system to realize the coordinated action. Therefore, the medicinal nature of TCM is inextricably linked with the metabolism of hormones. Hyperthyroidism, qi-yin deficiency syndrome is regarded as the classic heat syndrome category in Chinese medicine, which can be used as model to reflect the mechanism and difference of qi tonifying of ginseng herbs with different medicinal natures. Steroid hormones are synthesized in the adrenal cortex, mitochondria of placental cells, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and gonads of the human body by the participation of various metabolic enzymes. Meanwhile, most of the patients with hyperthyroidism have adrenocortical dysfunction in the clinic, and the corresponding clinical symptoms are closely related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT), the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG). When hyperthyroidism occurs, the production and release of steroid hormones will be affected to a certain extent. To explore the correlation between the level of steroid hormones and hyperthyroidism, and the ameliorative effects of red ginseng and ginseng leaves of different types of the genus Ginseng on hypermetabolism of hyperthyroidism and the changes of related indexes, a method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) was established for rapid identification and quantification of chemical components, including adrenaline, androstenedione, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estriol, progesterone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, corticosterone, and cortisol in rat serum. Then, multivariate analysis method, principal component analysis (PCA), and Spearman test were used to analyze the correlation among adrenaline, steroid hormones, and thyroid function. The results showed that the contents of steroid hormone in the serum of the model group of rats decrease to different degrees, compared with the control group, and increase after the administration of different types of ginsengs. Meanwhile, it was proved that the established method has high sensitivity, good reproducibility, high accuracy, and fast analysis, which can screen a large number of steroid hormones in complex samples in a short time, for accurately investigation of the effects of ginsengs on the content of 9 types of steroid hormones in hyperthyroidism rats. The abnormal levels of steroid hormones are related to thyroid hormones. Corticosterone and adrenaline can serve as key indicators for regulating steroid hormone metabolism of TCMs like ginsengs. Testosterone can be used as the biomarker for regulating steroid hormones of the cold nature herbs. Adrenaline and androstenedione can be used as biomarkers for regulating steroid hormones of the warm nature herbs. This method can conveniently, quickly, accurately, and efficiently complete the analysis of target components in samples. The average recoveries of steroid hormones in rat serum range from 88.75% to 106.94%, and the relative standard deviation is less than 1.99%. This can be used for the determination of steroid hormones in rat serum systematically, rapidly, accurately and efficiently, and provides a methodological reference for the analysis and determination of steroid hormones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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