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协作频谱感知是认知无线电网络的基础和关键阶段，频谱检测过程中的节点分配策略将直接决定联合频谱感知的结果。介绍了多种分配认知终端的方法，旨在提高频谱感知的效率和公平性。针对不同子频带的感知效率，提出了一种称为由频点占用导致的无效传输参数（inefficient transport parameter，ITP）指标来评估通信性能，给出了感知效率优化问题的闭式表达解，设计的场景包括终端对相同频带有不同的感知性能和相同的感知性能。针对不同子频带间的感知公平性，提出了两种分配算法：弓形分配算法和类划分分配算法。子频带间的公平性通过评估子带中最差的感知性能进行衡量。为了适用于实际场景，加入了频段属性参数来增强公平性，该参数考虑了主用户使用不同频段的优先级及抗干扰能力。仿真结果表明，所提出的策略显著改善了认知无线电网络中的ITP，特别是在子频带利用率不同的情况下，提出的弓形分配算法在公平性不明显降低的情况下，复杂度有明显改善。

This paper summarizes the nursing experience of a patient with cervical spondylopathy treated by Traditional Chinese Medicine collapse combined with electric wax therapy. Nurses had conducted a comprehensive nursing assessment, followed by dietary guidance and other routine nursing interventions. Based on the syndrome differentiation, the Traditional Chinese Medicine collapse combined with wax therapy was carried out to relieve the pain caused by cervical spondylopathy and improve the patient’s quality of life. (本文总结中药塌渍联合蜡疗治疗1例项痹病患者的护理经验。护理人员在护理评估、饮食干预等常规护理基础上, 通过辨证分析, 采用中药塌渍结合蜡疗干预, 有效缓解项痹病患者的疼痛症状, 提高患者的生活质量。)

Objective To analyze the application of hierarchical management based on bleeding risk assessment in patients with catheter-directed thrombolysis for treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Methods Totally 100 patients requiring catheter-directed thrombolysis for treatment of lower extremity DVT were selected as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group received hierarchical nursing management based on bleeding risk assessment. The therapeutic effectiveness outcomes (patency rate, relief of lower extremity edema and treatment effect) and therapeutic safety outcomes (incidences of mild bleeding and severe bleeding) were measured and compared between two groups. Results The proportion of patients with patency rate≥50% and with relief rate of lower extremity edema≥50% in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, respectively (P＜0. 01). The therapeutic effective rate in the observation was higher than that in the control group(P＜0. 05). The incidences of mild bleeding and severe bleeding in the observation was lower than those in the control group, respectively(P＜0. 05). Conclusion The implementation of hierarchical management based on bleeding risk assessment can effectively improve the treatment effect of catheter-directed thrombolysis and reduce the incidence of bleeding complications. (目的 分析出血风险管理在下肢静脉血栓形成(DVT)患者导管接触性溶栓治疗中的应用。方法 选取2019年1月—2020年12月在医院血管外科住院治疗的100例患者为研究对象, 按照随机数字分组分为对照组和观察组, 各50例。患者均接受导管接触性溶栓治疗, 对照组给予常规专科护理, 观察组按照出血风险分级管理方案进行护理。比较两组患者静脉通畅率、下肢消肿率、治疗效果等治疗有效性指, 比较两组患者轻微出血率、严重出血率等治疗安全性指标。结果 观察组患者静脉通畅率≥50%及大腿、小腿消肿率≥50%的比例均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01); 观察组治疗效果评价优于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组轻微出血、严重出血发生率低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 在DVT患者导管接触性溶栓治疗中实施出血风险分级管理方案, 可以有效提高治疗效果, 降低患者出血并发症的发生风险。)

近年来，轻度认知障碍(Mild cognitive impairment, MCI)作为阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease,AD）的一个早期症状引发关注，对其进行早期干预具有积极意义。现有人群实验、动物实验及细胞实验多方面研究表明，多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)中的ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3 PUFAs）可以改善炎症反应，影响轻度认知障碍的发生发展。但ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-6 PUFAs）的相关代谢产物既包含抗炎物质，又有促炎物质，机制较为复杂，目前研究具有争议性。综述了两种多不饱和脂肪酸对轻度认知障碍作用的机制，探讨饮食营养对改善轻度认知障碍的意义，为多不饱和脂肪酸改善轻度认知障碍以及相关营养干预提供依据。In recent years, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has attracted attention as an early symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and its early intervention is of positive significance. Existing studies in population, animal and cell experiments have shown that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can improve inflammation, and affect the ocurrance and development of MCI. However, the related metabolites of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-6 PUFAs) contain both anti-inflammatory substances and pro-inflammatory substances, and the mechanism is relatively complicated, and current research is controversial. The mechanisms of the effects of two kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids on MCI were reviewed, and the significance of dietary nutrition in improving MCI was explored, so as to provide a basis for polyunsaturated fatty acids to improve MCI and related nutritional interventions.

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Teacher's ethics is a major quality for teachers to engage in education, and thereby its construction has the public attributes. From the perspective of public attributes, the current challenges it faces to are as follows: the influence of minority and pluralistic views, the fractured relationship between society and education, and the downgrading of the connotations of teacher's ethics construction. In this regard, all sectors of society need to respond from the dimensions of " untying" and " empowering": providing assistance to educational institutions and teachers to alleviate their constraints; strengthening the ties among all parties, and forming a community for teacher's ethics construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No-tillage sowing can effectively alleviate the spring drought for the high corn yield in northeast China. Side-deep fertilization can also avoid seed burning for the fertilizer supply in the middle and late periods of crops. Once the side deep fertilization is applied into no-tillage sowing, the soil height on both sides of the sowing belt can be inconsistent after the fertilizer shovel operation, leading to aggravating the lateral deflection of the seeder under the uneven distribution of surface straw stubble. It is very necessary to improve the sowing depth uniformity and lateral consistency. In this study, the straigh to blique offset furrow opener was designed to reduce the resistance to the increase in the soil backfill during no-tillage sowing, in order to improve the sowing depth uniformity and lateral consistency. The furrow opener was mainly composed of a cutting oblique edge, a retaining positioning plate, and an offset bulldozing plate. The soil was cut and pushed into the side of the fertilizer furrow to widen the seed furrow during the operation. The seeds falling was avoided after the fertilizer furrow for better sowing quality. Firstly, the force analysis was implemented on the offset bulldozing plate of the furrow opener. Among them, the horizontal force balance analysis of the side deep fertilizer shovel and the sowing furrow opener was also made to design the structure of the furrow opener. The height of the retaining positioning plate and the offset bulldozing plate of the furrow opener was determined to be 160 mm, and the bottom edge spacing between the retaining positioning plate and the offset bulldozing plate was 30 mm equal to the short side width of the shovel handle, the insertion gap angle was 8°, and the inclination angle was 10.6°. Secondly, the soil disturbance was analyzed before and after the operation of the straight-oblique offset furrow opener. The straight-oblique offset furrow opener increased the soil backfill of the fertilizer furrow and seed furrow. Finally, the sliding cutting of cutting oblique edge was clarified in the motion analysis of soil particles on the offset bulldozing plate. The structural parameters of the operation performance of the furrow opener were the oblique edge sliding angle and the offset angle. A discrete element simulation model of soil-stubble-straw was established using EDEM. The three-dimensional models of stubble cutter, fertilizer shovel, and furrow opener were imported into EDEM for simulation experiments. The structural parameters of the furrow opener were optimized by a two-factor and five-level orthogonal rotation combination experiment with forward resistance, the backfill depth of the fertilizer furrow and the backfill depth of the seed furrow as experiment indexes. The optimal combination of parameters was achieved in the oblique edge sliding angle of 37° and the offset angle of 15°. A field experiment was conducted with the double disc and sharp-angle furrow openers under optimal parameters. The sowing depth variation coefficient of straight-oblique offset furrow openers was 41.12% and 19.41% lower than those of double disc and sharp angle furrow openers, respectively. The sowing lateral variation coefficients decreased by 39.00% and 28.41%, respectively. The forward resistance was reduced by 7.26% and 28.20%, respectively. The backfill depth of the fertilizer furrow increased by 9.47% and 13.68%, respectively after optimization. The backfill depth of seed furrow increased by 33.33% and 7.14% respectively. The furrow opener reduced the forward resistance, while improving the soil backfill of the fertilizer furrow and seed furrow for the sowing depth uniformity and sowing lateral consistency. The finding can provide a strong reference for the design of the seeding furrow opener. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper puts forward some suggestions on the construction of anorectal specialty nursing alliance platform from the aspects of work planning, organizational structure, post responsibilities and work objectives at all levels. The aim of this paper is to promote the sharing of specialized nursing standards and nursing norms within the nursing alliance, jointly improve the quality management of anorectal specialized nursing, improve the clinical research and academic level of specialized nursing, further improve the training of specialized nursing talents, jointly win the social benefits of specialized nursing, establish regional anorectal specialized nursing alliance, and promote the vigorous development of anorectal specialized medical association. (本文总结了肛肠专科护理联盟平台建设与实践的相关经验, 包括工作规划、组织构架、各级岗位职责及工作目标等内容, 为推动护理联盟内专科护理标准及护理规范的共享, 提高肛肠专科护理质量管理, 提升专科护理临床研究与学术水平, 完善专科护理人才培养, 实现专科护理的社会效益提供参考和借鉴。)

Objective To investigate the job burnout of nursing students in the late stage of internship, and provide theoretical basis and guidance for prevention of job burnout among nursing students. Methods A questionnaire survey using Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey(MBI-GS) was conducted to 150 nursing students and 75 nurses. Results A moderate burnout level was found in dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization among nursing students, and low burnout was found in dimension of personal achievement. Higher score of depersonalization dimension and lower score of personal achievement dimension were reported in nursing students compared with those in nurses, with significant difference (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Targeted interventions should be carried out to relieve the burnout of nursing students and improve the quality of nursing practice. (目的 调查护理实习生在实习后期的工作倦怠程度, 为预防和改善实习生职业倦怠情况提供理论依据和实践指导。方法 对150名实习护理实习生和75名在职护士采用Maslach工作倦怠量表通用版(MBI-GS)进行问卷调查。结果 护理实习生情绪衰竭、去人格化维度处于中等倦怠水平, 个人成就感维度未达到倦怠程度。学历、性别、年龄以及是否独生子女是影响护理实习生职业倦怠水平的因素。护理实习生去人格化得分高于在职护士, 个人成就感得分低于在职护士, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 护理实习生的职业倦怠不容忽视, 应针对性采取措施, 以改善护理实习生实习倦怠状况, 提高护理实习生的临床实习质量。)

This paper reviewed the studies of Baduanjin exercise in cardiac rehabilitation of elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Suggestions for the practice of Baduanjin exercise in cardiac rehabilitation of elderly patients with chronic heart failure were provided to improve the cardiovascular function and quality of life of patients. (本文主要阐述中医八段锦功法在慢性心力衰竭患者心脏康复中的临床研究, 并对八段锦应用于老年慢性心力衰竭患者心脏康复中提出建设性意见, 以提高患者的生活质量, 改善心血管系统功能。)

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BACKGROUND: Early postural adjustments serve as preparatory measures for forthcoming actions or potential disruptions in posture, thereby facilitating improved movement execution and mitigating destabilizing effects caused by posture interference. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of temporal and intensity parameters of key lower limb muscles during early postural adjustment phase when stroke patients with varying levels of balance initiate walking at a self-selected comfortable pace. METHODS: The characteristics of early postural adjustments in 16 stroke patients were observed. Sixteen patients were divided into a non-fall group (n=8) and a fall group (n=8) based on the history of falls and Berg Balance Scale scores. Noraxon inertial sensors and Noraxon Ultium EMG wireless surface electromyography were utilized to collect body kinematic data and surface electromyography data during gait initiation. Muscle activation time and activation sequence of six key muscles in the lower limbs (tibialis anterior, medial and lateral gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, lateral femoris and biceps femoris muscles) during the early postural adjustment phase, as well as normalized electromyography integral values for the four time windows (each 150 ms) before gait initiation, were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stroke patients with a history of falls exhibited earlier activation times for the six key muscles in the lower limbs during gait initiation compared with those in the non-fall group. The fall group demonstrated significantly earlier activation times for tibialis anterior, lateral head of gastrocnemius, and vastus lateralis (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). In contrast, the non-fall group displayed a consistent pattern of activating extensor muscles before flexor muscles, with thigh muscle activation preceding calf muscle activation. However, in the fall group, calf extensor muscle activation occurred prior to thigh extensor muscle activation, and the vastus lateralis was activated even earlier. The tibialis anterior was the last activated muscle in both groups. Specifically during T3 (> -300 to -150 ms), the tibialis anterior exhibited significantly higher activity in the fall group compared with the non-fall group (P < 0.05), while the lateral head of gastrocnemius demonstrated significant inhibition during T3 (P < 0.05) and the medial head of gastrocnemius showed significant inhibition during both T3 and T4 (> -150 to 0 ms) stages compared with the non-fall group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). To conclude, stroke patients with varying balance abilities employ distinct early postural adjustment strategies prior to stepping, as evidenced by differences in muscle activation timing, recruitment order, and muscle activity amplitude. Patients at a high risk of falling exhibit prolonged duration of early postural adjustment and delayed initiation of gait, indicating earlier activation of the tibialis anterior muscle and inhibition of gastrocnemius muscle activity. These delays in gait initiation and variations in muscle recruitment strategies may contribute to unstable posture and an increased susceptibility to falls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge and prevention measures among homosexual men in Beijing. Methods The Blued platform registered users whose place of registration was Beijing were investigated by anonymous questionnaire. Results Of the 600 sending questionnaires, totally 500 questionnaires were retrieved. A low level of awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge was identified among respondents, and there was a significant difference in awareness rate between respondents with different age and education level (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Findings of the survey showed a low level of awareness of AIDS-related knowledge and prevention among homosexual men in Beijing, and awareness of AIDS-related knowledge was influenced by age and education level of. It is required to strength the efforts on publicity and education of AIDS prevention among homosexual men. (目的 调查北京市男同性恋者艾滋病预防相关知识知晓率现状。方法 采用无记名方式通过Blued平台对地理位置显示北京地区的注册用户发放600份问卷。结果 回收有效问卷500份。调查对象问卷总体得分较低, 不同年龄、学历的受访人员知晓率比较, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 北京市男同性恋人群艾滋病预防相关知识的知晓率偏低, 年龄和文化程度影响知晓率。应加强对男同性恋预防艾滋病知识的宣传力度。)