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卒中后吞咽障碍患者免疫力下降，频繁误吸易引起吸入性肺炎，预防吸入性肺炎是卒中吞咽康复的重要原则。电、磁刺激疗法作为卒中后吞咽障碍的新兴治疗手段，通过将电刺激或磁刺激作用于外周肌群、大脑皮层与周围神经，在卒中吞咽障碍的肺炎预防中发挥了重要作用。具体技术主要包括神经肌肉电刺激、咽腔电刺激、重复外周磁刺激、重复经颅磁刺激、经颅直流电刺激与迷走神经刺激。电、磁疗法对肌肉激活与神经元调控具有积极作用，可增加大脑皮层兴奋性，改善吞咽运动不充分、不协调等问题，从而减少误吸发生，达到预防肺炎的目的。 Post-stroke patients with dysphagia have decreased immunity, who are easy to suffer from pneumonia if he aspirates frequently. Therefore, prevention of pneumonia is an important principle of post-stroke dysphagia rehabilitation. As novel methods, electrical stimulation and magnetic stimulation therapy play an important role in the prevention of post-stroke dysphagia associated pneumonia by stimulating peripheral muscles, cerebral cortex and peripheral nerves. The technologies mainly included neuromuscular electrical stimulation, pharyngeal electrical stimulation, repeated peripheral magnetic stimulation, repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation. These therapies have a positive effect on muscle activation and neuronal regulation, can increase the excitability of cerebral cortex and improve inadequate and uncoordinated swallowing movement, so as to reduce aspiration and prevent pneumonia. Electrical stimulation,Magnetic stimulation, Stroke,Dysphagia,Pneumonia,Aspiration

Objective: To study the relationship between serum lysyl oxidase like-2 protein (LOXL2) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and long-term recurrence after radical resection in patients with cervical cancer. Methods: 302 patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical surgery in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital from January 2017 to March 2018 were selected as observation subjects, the patients were followed up for 5 years, and 3 cases were lost to follow-up. The patients were divided into recurrence group (72 cases) and non-recurrence group (230 cases) according to whether the patients had long-term recurrence. The levels of serum LOXL2 and PKM2 were compared between recurrence group and non-recurrence group. The influencing factors of long-term recurrence after radical resection were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis, the predictive value of serum LOXL2 combined with PKM2 for long-term recurrence after radical resection were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: There were 72 cases of recurrence in 302 patients 5 years after operation, and the recurrence rate was 23.84% (72/302). The serum levels of LOXL2 and PKM2 in recurrence group were higher than those in non-recurrence group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, the surgical mode was laparoscopic surgery, infiltration depth≥ 1/2 muscular layer, lymph node metastasis, elevated LOXL2 and elevated PKM2 were risk factors for long-term recurrence after operation (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that, serum LOXL2 combined with PKM2 had the highest predictive value for long-term recurrence in patients after radical resection, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.921, and the sensitivity was 95.24%. Conclusion: The levels of serum LOXL2 and PKM2 in patients with cervical cancer are increase, and they are risk factors for long-term recurrence after radical resection. Serum LOXL2 combine with PKM2 has a high predictive value for long-term recurrence in patients after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To investigate the effects of "tongdu tiaoshen" acupuncture combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on nerve injury markers and event-related potential P300 in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Methods: 100 PSCI patients who were admitted to Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from September 2020 to December 2022 were selected. Patients were divided into control group (n=50, conventional treatment combine with tDCS) and observation group (n=50, on the basis of control group, combine with "tongdu tiaoshen" acupuncture) according to the random number table method. The efficacy, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), activities of daily living (ADL), event-related potential P300 and serum nerve injury markers were compared in two groups. Results: Compared with control group, the total clinical effective rate in observation group was higher(P<0.05). Compared with control group 4 weeks after treatment, the scores of MoCA, MMSE and ADL in observation group were higher and the latency was lower. The amplitude was higher, and the levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100β protein were lower (P<0.05). Conclusions: The combination of "tongdu tiaoshen" acupuncture and tDCS in the treatment of PSCI patients, which can effectively improve the cognitive function of patients and improve the ability of daily living activities, which may be relate to the improvement of neurological function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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【摘要】 动脉粥样硬化性斑块的易损性与症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性疾病（symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease，sICAD）密切相关。高分辨率磁共振血管壁成像可直观观测sICAD患者颅内动脉管壁结构、显示动脉粥样硬化斑块的分布、信号特点、管壁重构指数及强化程度等，在sICAD患者的鉴别诊断、卒中风险评估及治疗评价等方面具有重要价值。 【Abstract】 The vulnerability of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques is closely related to symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic diseases (sICAD). High-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging can visually show the structure of intracranial artery wall, the distribution and characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques, vessel wall remodeling index and enhancement features and etc., which are very helpful for the differential diagnosis, stroke risk assessment and treatment evaluation of sICAD.

【摘要】 目的 探究SWI不对称皮层静脉征（asymmetrical cortical vein sign，ACVS）的相关因素及其对急性缺血性卒中预后的预测价值。 方法 连续收集2016年11月-2017年11月在河北医科大学第三医院住院的急性大脑中动脉（middle cerebral artery，MCA）供血区梗死的患者125例。所有患者均在发病后7 d内完成头颅MRI检查中的DWI、SWI及时间飞跃法（time of flight，TOF）MRA序列，并对ACVS、MCA狭窄程度和脑梗死范围进行评价。采用NIHSS评分评价患者基线神经功能受损情况，采用mRS评分对患者发病3个月时预后进行评估。将患者分为ACVS组和皮层静脉显影对称组。比较两组人口学信息、临床和影像信息，并通过Logistic回归分析评估ACVS对卒中预后的预测价值。 结果 在入组的125例患者中，95例（76.0%）SWI表现为显影程度对称的皮层静脉，30例（24.0%）SWI可见ACVS。与皮层静脉显影对称组相比，ACVS组患者MCA重度狭窄或闭塞更为常见（76.7% vs 45.3% P=0.003），Alberta卒中项目早期CT评分（Albert stroke program early CT score，ASPECTS）较低（7.5分 vs 8.0分，P=0.018），入院NIHSS评分较高（4.5分 vs 4.0分，P=0.042）；两组患者的3个月不良预后情况（mRS评分＞1分）差异无统计学意义（63.3% vs 44.2%，P=0.093）。调整干扰因素后，Logistic回归显示ACVS不是患者3个月预后不良的独立预测因素。 结论 ACVS的存在与卒中患者MCA的狭窄程度、DWI病灶大小及入院时神经功能受损严重程度有关，但不能独立预测患者的3个月预后。 【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the predictive value of asymmetrical cortical vein sign (ACVS) based on SWI for clinical outcome at 3 months in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods Data of AIS patients with infarction in middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory from Department of Neurology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were collected. All patients underwent DWI, SWI and time of flight (TOF) MRA examination within 7 days after symptom onset, and ACVS, the degree of MCA stenosis and infarct size in all patients were evaluated. Stroke severity on admission was assessed by NIHSS, and the outcome at 3 months was assessed by mRS. Based on the SWI findings, the patients were divided into ACVS group and symmetrical cortical venous group. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the value of ACVS in predicting the 3-month prognosis. Results A total of 125 patients were enrolled in this study, with symmetrical cortical venous in 95 (76.0%) patients and ACVS in 30 (24.0%) patients. Compared with symmetrical cortical venous group, MCA severe stenosis or occlusion were more common (76.7% vs 45.3%, P=0.003), DWIASPECTS score was lower (7.5 vs 8.0, P=0.018), and NIHSS score on admission was higher (4.5vs 40, P=0.042) in ACVS group. There was no significant difference in 3-month outcome between the two groups (63.3% vs 44.2%, P=0.093). After adjusting for the confounding factors, logistic regression analysis indicated ACVS was not an independent predictive factor of the 3-month outcome in AIS patients. Conclusions ACVS is related to the degree of MCA stenosis, infarct size and NIHSS score on admission in AIS patients, but it can’t independently predict the prognosis at 3 months after stroke onset.

目的 利用高分辨率磁共振成像诊断穿支动脉疾病及载体动脉斑块堵塞穿支动脉的大动脉粥样硬 化型卒中，比较不同病因穿支动脉供血区梗死患者的临床特征。 方法 收录豆纹动脉及脑桥旁正中动脉供血区急性脑梗死患者作为研究对象，依据中国缺血性卒中 分型诊断（Chinese Ischemic Stroke Subclassification，CISS）分型标准排除心源性、其他病因及原因未明 性卒中，对所有入组患者的载体动脉行高分辨率磁共振管壁成像（high-resolution magnetic resonance i magi ng，HR -MRI）检查，将载体动脉存在粥样硬化斑块患者定义为载体动脉斑块堵塞穿支动脉 （parent artery plaque occluding penetrating artery，POPA）组，载体动脉无异常者定义为穿支动脉疾病 （penetration artery disease，PAD）组，比较不同病因卒中患者的危险因素及临床特征。 结果 本研究共连续纳入64例穿支动脉供血区急性脑梗死患者，其中48例（75%）为POPA患者，且 其中21例患者常规血管影像学检查难以发现载体动脉管壁病变，经HR -MRI 明确诊断。比较两组 不同病因卒中患者的一般资料，POPA组中吸烟患者比例显著高于PAD组，比较差异有统计学意义 （P =0.028）。POPA组中26例为基底节区或侧脑室旁梗死，22例为脑桥梗死。POPA组患者影像学表现 特点为病灶相对较大、呈多灶或簇状分布，脑桥梗死患者病灶多累及脑桥基底部呈脑桥旁正中梗死， 且POPA组患者运动功能缺损易进展；而PAD患者病变部位多位于脑桥深部近背侧，小灶性改变。 结论 本研究穿支动脉供血区梗死患者中75%属于POPA，HR-MRI提高了卒中病因分型的准确性。 POPA型卒中患者的病因、病灶体积、形态及预后不同于单纯穿支病变患者。 Abstract: Objective High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) was used to diagnose penetrating artery territory infarction ,including penetrating artery disease (PAD) and parent artery plaque occluding penetrating artery (POPA), which belongs to the large-artery atherosclerosis, and clinical features of two groups were compared. Methods Patients with acute striate artery and pontine paramedian artery territory infarction were enrolled as study subjects. According to the criteria of Chinese Ischemic Stroke Subclassification (CISS), cardiogenic stroke, other etiologies and undetermined etiology were excluded. The patients who were eligible for the criteria were examined by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) to evaluate atherosclerosis of the parent artery. Patients with atherosclerotic plaque in the parent arteries were defined as the POPA group, and those without abnormalities were defined as the PAD group. The risk factors and clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results A total of 64 patients with penetrating artery territory infarction were enrolled in this study. POPA was diagnosed in 75.0% of patients, among which, 43.7% patients whose magnetic resonance angiography/transcranial Doppler were normal, while HR-MRI detected the parent arteries with plaques. The general data of two groups were compared. Patients with POPA had a higher frequency of smoking compared with that of the patients with PAD (P =0.028). There were 26 patients in POPA group with striate artery territory infarction and 22 patients with pontine paramedian artery territory infarction. Compared with infarct lesions with PAD, ischemic lesions in POPA patients were relatively larger, shown as multifocal or cluster-like distribution and frequently extended to the surface of the pons base. And neurological deficits was easily to progress. While lesions with PAD were usually small lacunar infarctions or located in the deep of pons. Conclusion In this research, 75.0% of the penetrating artery territory infarction belongs to parent artery atherosclerosis, and HR-MRI has the ability to improve the accuracy of clearing the etiology of ischemic stroke. The risk factors, clinical characteristics and radiological features of POPA patients were different from PAD.

Objective To investigate the anxiety， depression and sleep disorders in patients with early dysfunctional filtration blebs who underwent needle revision of filtration bleb after glaucoma trabeculectomy. Methods We selected 30 patients who recovered to normal 6 months after glaucoma trabeculectomy(Group A), 30 patients with early dysfunc‐ tional filtration blebs who underwent needle revision of filtration bleb after glaucoma trabeculectomy(Group B), and 30 healthy adults(Group C) . Anxiety， depression and sleep disorders were scored using Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) . We compared SAS， SDS， PSQI scores and the positive rate of anxiety， depression and sleep disorders among the three groups. The correlation of SAS， SADS and PSQI scores in patients with early dysfunctional filtration blebs was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results There were no significant differences in gender， age， educational level or marital status among the three groups(all P> 0. 05), and the balance between the groups was comparable. Significant differences were found in SAS， SDS and PSQI scores between the three groups(all P<0. 05) . There were significant differences in SAS， SDS and PSQI scores between the groups B and C(all P<0. 05) . Significant difference was found in PSQI score between group A and group C(P< 0. 05) . SAS score of 45， SDS score of 50， and PSQI score of> 7 were used as the positive determination criteria for anxi‐ ety， depression， and sleep disorders， respectively. There were significant differences in the positive rates of depression and sleep disorders among these three groups(all P<0. 05) . Significant differences were found in the positive rates for anx‐ iety， depression and sleep disorders between the group B and group C(all P<0. 05) . There was significant difference in the positive rate of sleep disorder between groups B and A， and between groups A and C(all P<0. 05) . PSQI score was positively correlated with SAS score(r=0. 511) and SDS score(r=0. 296) in patients of group B(P<0. 05), and SAS score was positively correlated with SDS score(r=0. 355，P<0. 05) . Conclusion Patients with early dysfunctional filtration blebs who underwent needle revision of filtration bleb after glaucoma trabeculectomy have high incidences of anxiety， depression and sleep disturbance within 6 months， so necessary psychological intervention should be given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to explore the effects of adding fermented brewer's grains on growth performance, milk quality and serum biochemical indexes of dairy cows, a total of 60 dairy cows with similar body condition were randomly divided into four groups, namely the control group, test Ⅰ group, test Ⅱ group and test Ⅲ group, respectively, 0, 5%, 10% and 15% fermented brewer's grains were added to the basal diet, with a pre-test period of 7 days and a formal period of 60 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, the final body weight and average daily gain of the test cattle in the Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), the feed weight ratio was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the average feed intake of the test cattle in the Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). The milk yields of the Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were significantly increased (P< 0.05), the milk fat rate and milk protein rate in the milk of the Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the number of somatic cells was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the total protein content in the serum of the cows in the Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the albumin content and urea nitrogen in the serum of the Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the urea nitrogen content was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, adding fermented brewer's grains to the diet could improve the production performance, milk quality and serum biochemical indexes of dairy cows, and the optimum dosage of fermented brewer's grains was 15% under this experimental condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in Water Science / Shuikexue Jinzhan is the property of Editorial Board of Advances in Water Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objective To investigate the effect of Conbercept on fiber scar formation in rabbit filter channel after trabeculectomy. Methods Forty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin group (group A), trabeculectomy combined with Conbercept injection group (group B), trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin and Conbercept injection group (group C), trabeculectomy combined with normal saline injection group (group D), with 10 rabbits in each group. Standard trabeculectomy was performed on the right eyes of rabbits. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured before and after the operation, and the morphology and complications were observed by slit-lamp microscope. At 28 days after surgery, the operative eye was removed and the tissues of the follicle area were clipped. HE staining was used to observe the histopathologic changes of the filter passage, Masson staining was used to observe the collagen deposition and fibrosis degree of the filter passage tissues, and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of CD31 in the filter passage tissues. Results The IOP in each group decreased to the lowest on the 3rd day after surgery, gradually increased on the 7th day after surgery, and almost completely recovered to the preoperative level on the 28th day after surgery. At 7 days after surgery, functional follicles were formed in the operative area of groups A, B and C, while conjunctival vessels on the follicle surface of group D were dense, with obvious vascularization and flat follicle area. Among them, the height of follicles in the group A increased and the surface blood vessels were sparse. In the group B, the diffusion of follicles increased, and there was no obvious congestion on the follicle surface. In the group C, the diffusion of follicles increased, and there was no obvious congestion on the surface of follicles and conjunctiva. As time went on, to 28 days after surgery, the conjunctival congestion gradually decreased and faded away, and the filtration vesicles were limited and flattened. At 28 days after operation, the histopathological features of the eyes in the groups A and B were similar, showing loose collagen fiber arrangement and local thickened epithelial tissues, accompanied by dot infiltration of lymphocytes. More epithelial cell degeneration, cell swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolation were observed in the groups A and C, while no such pathological changes were observed in the group B. At 28 days after surgery, the proportion of collagen fibers in the filter aisle in the groups A, B and C was lower than that in the group D (all P<0. 05), and the proportion of collagen fibers in the filter aisle in the group B was lower than that in the groups A and C (both P<0. 05) . The number of microvessels in the group B was significantly smaller than that in the groups A, C and D (all P<0. 05) . Conclusion Conbercept can inhibit the formation of neovascularization and scarring in the rabbit filter passage after trabeculectomy, and help maintain the shape of the filter vesicle, so as to effectively improve the success rate of glaucoma trabeculectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the relationship between serum glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment protein 1 (GPAA1), ferritin (SF), osteopontin (OPN) and the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and evaluate the risk of thrombosis.Methods: 112 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2022 were selected as the observation group, and 112 healthy children matching the gender and age of the observation group were selected as the control group.The expression levels of serum GPAA1, SF and OPN in the two groups were detected, the differences in the expression levels of serum GPAA1, SF and OPN in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with different risk levels were analyzed, and the occurrence of thrombosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was observed.The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) (AUC) was used to evaluate the efficacy of serum GPAA1, SF and OPN in predicting thrombus occurrence in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results: The expression levels of serum GPAA1, SF and OPN in observation group were higher than those in control group (P＜0.05) . The expression levels of serum GPAA1,SF and OPN in children with low-risk,medium-risk and high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia were significant (P＜0.05) . The expression levels of serum GPAA1, SF and OPN were positively correlated with the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia by Spearman correlation analysis (P＜0.05) . Among 112 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, thrombosis occurred in 12 cases (10.71%) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum GPAA1,SF and OPN were independent predictors of thrombosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (P＜0.05) . According to ROC curve analysis, the AUC of serum GPAA1 and SF combined with OPN to predict thrombus occurrence in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was 0.901. Conclusion: Serum GPAA1, SF and OPN are closely related to the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children, and the combination of GPAA1, SF and OPN is effective in predicting thrombus occurrence in children, which has important guiding significance in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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目的：探究孕期营养管理对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖控制及母婴结局的影响。方法：选取我院2022年3 月~2023年4月期间收治的100例妊娠期糖尿病患者患者为研究对象，使用数字随机分组法将患者分为2组，对照组和 实验组患者各50例，对照组常规护理，实验组孕期营养管理，比较血糖、并发症和新生儿异常率。结果：实验组血 糖控制水平优于对照组，并发症和新生儿异常率低于对照组，满意度高于对照组，比较结果差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论：对于妊娠期糖尿病患者，采取孕期营养管理护理措施能够改善患者血糖水平，控制患者糖尿病病情， 可有效减少并发症发生和降低新生儿异常率，该方法值得进一步推广应用。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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