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BACKGROUND: Internal tension-reduction technique is to reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligament through high-strength suture system combined with tendon. It can effectively reduce graft relaxation and frets by sharing the internal load of the knee joint, and has achieved good biomechanical results and clinical efficacy. However, whether it can reduce cartilage degeneration after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through stress sharing reduction has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of internal tension-reduction technique on articular cartilage degeneration in southern Yunnan small-ear pigs undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. METHODS: Ten adult female Yunnan small-ear pigs were selected, and the ipsilateral knee Achilles tendon was taken from the left knee joint for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (normal group, n=10), and the ipsilateral knee Achilles tendon from the right knee joint combined with internal tension)reduction and augmentation system for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (tension-reduction group, n=10). One year after surgery, the experimental pigs were sacrificed, and the left and right knee cartilage was taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining, Safranin O-fast green staining, Osteoarthritis Research Society International scoring, and immunohistochemistry staining of type II collagen, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the cartilage. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that in the tension-reduction group, there were mild pathologic changes of osteoarthritis, with a low number of empty bone lacunae and no obvious pathological changes such as fibrosis or cell layer breakage; in the normal group, more severe cartilage damage, with an increased number of empty bone lacunae, loss of chondrocytes near the bone and even the formation of fissures. Safranin O-fast green staining indicated that the tension-reduction group had normal cartilage tissue thickness, flat cartilage surface, a neat cell arrangement in a polar pattern, and no swelling or apoptosis, while in the normal group, the thickness of cartilage tissue was obviously thinner, the cell arrangement was disordered with no polarity, the number of cells was reduced, obvious cartilage fractures and cartilage vacuoles formed, and the absence of cells near the central bone was obvious. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International score was significantly lower in the tension-reduction group than in the normal group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical findings showed that the protein expression of type II collagen in cartilage tissue of the tension-reducing group was higher than that of the normal group (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor ɑ in cartilage tissue was lower than that of normal group (P < 0.05). To conclude, internal tension-reduction technique can delay the degeneration of articular cartilage in Yunnan small-eared pigs following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Women may develop severe symptoms of stress disorder following childbirth, which may be exposed to a risk of developing mental health problems, and even lead to the recurrence of the illness in female patients with schizophrenia, while comparatively limited research has been undertaken concerning the clinical characteristics and treatment of puerperal schizophrenia in China. Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of puerperal schizophrenia, so as to provide references for the clinical treatment. Methods A total of 24 patients with puerperal schizophrenia who were hospitalized in the female ward of adult psychiatry department of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from 2012 to 2020 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia were included as puerperal group. Another 48 non-puerperal women with schizophrenia were concurrently enrolled as control group. Then the basic data, scores on Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) and the discharge medication were recorded. Results The percentages of newly onset and positive family history of psychosis in puerperal group were larger than those in control group, with statistical significance (χ2 =9. 321,5. 240,P<0. 05 or 0. 01). Puerperal group scored higher on PANSS excitement factor (t=-2. 220, P<0. 05) and lower on negative factor (t=3. 377,P<0. 01) compared with control group. In terms of discharge medication, puerperal group reported a higher dosage of antipsychotic drugs (t=-2. 095,P<0. 05), and a larger proportion of combined use of benzodiazepines or antidepressants (χ²=21. 316,5. 114,P<0. 05 or 0. 01) compared with control group, with statistical significance. Conclusion Patients with puerperal schizophrenia display increased ratings of excitement symptoms and decreased ratings of negative symptoms, which necessitates the use of high doses of antipsychotic drugs, and combined use of benzodiazepines and antidepressants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease. Its pathogenesis is complex and has not been elucidated. However, studies have shown that the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis is related to the programmed death of chondrocytes. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress in new programmed cell death in osteoarthritis chondrocytes. METHODS: “Osteoarthritis, Pyroptosis, Necroptosis, Ferroptosis, ROS, L-ROS, iron-overload” were used as English and Chinese search terms. Relevant articles on programmed cell death were searched in CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and PubMed. The search time was from July 2012 to July 2022. All included articles were summarized, concluded, and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The relationship between pyroptosis and osteoarthritis has attracted much attention in recent years, and current research still focuses on NLRP3 inflammasome and lipopolysaccharides. The development of osteoarthritis has also been shown to be closely associated with receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 in studies concerning necroptosis, and receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 could be a potential target for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered mode of cell death, which has been found to mediate chondrocyte death through iron overload and lipid peroxidation, but ferroptosis involves the expression and regulation of multiple genes via complex signaling pathways and mechanisms that are not yet fully elucidated. Pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis have important roles in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis, but their related pathways, genes, and miRNAs still need further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To investigate the correlation between intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) content and glucose metabolism in male patients with obesity. Methods·Eighty male patients with obesity were recruited from the Endocrinology Department of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from December 2019 to December 2020. According to the results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), they were divided into normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) group. General data and laboratory test indicators of the two groups were collected and compared. mDixon-Quant technique was used to measure the IMAT content in each skeletal muscle of the thigh in the two groups, and the proton density fat fractions (PDFF) of skeletal muscle in the two groups were compared. The multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of IGR occurrence. Results·Compared with the NGT group, patients in the IGR group had a larger waist circumference (P=0.017), higher glutamic-pyruvic transaminase level, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase level, γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) level, triacylglycerol (TAG) level, nonestesterified fatty acid (NEFA) level and sartorius PDFF (all P< 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, body mass index, GGT, TAG and NEFA, the results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that PDFF of vastus lateralis, semitendinosus and sartorius were the risk factors for IGR (all P< 0.05). Conclusion·Higher levels of IMAT content in vastus lateralis, semitendinosus and sartorius will increase the risk of IGR in male patients with obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2型糖尿病（T2DM）的多种并发症是影响患者生存质量的主要因素，其中又以心血管疾病致死率最高。 因此，及早发现患者的心功能改变并予以干预，对降低死亡率、提高患者生存质量有重要意义。本文就超声心动图对 2型糖尿病患者左心室收缩功能的评估现状做一综述，以期为临床提供相应诊疗思路。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results remains a major challenge. Transparent and accurate reporting of progress can help readers evaluate the reliability of research results and further explore an experiment by repeating or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement, and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translatability of animal experimental results. The use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and integrity of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. This article is the second part of the Chinese translation of the complete interpretation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in PLoS Biology in 2020 (original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org) and based on the best practices for following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals. This part includes Items 4-7 of "ARRIVE Essential 10" in the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines: "Randomization", "Blinding", "Outcome Measurement", and "Statistical Methods". Our Chinese translated version aims to promote the full understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines by domestic researchers, enhancing the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and promoting the high-quality development of experimental animal technology and comparative medicine research in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the impact of hemodialysis blood flow rate（BFR）on outcome in elderly maintenance haemodialysis（MHD）patients. Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out focusing on the general clinical data of 221 elderly MHD patients with in-center hemodialysis from December 2012 to December 2020. Elderly MHD patients was subgrouped into high-BFR（BFR > 211 mL/min）and low-BFR（BFR ≤ 211 mL/min） groups based on the median hemodialysis BFR level. Results Compared with the low BFR group, high BFR patients were younger, longer durations on dialysis, had higher proportion of males, high-flux dialyzer, BMI and systolic blood pressure. The hemoglobin level in high BFR was higher than that in low BFR group. Compared with the low BFR group, high BFR patients were younger, longer durations on dialysis, had higher proportion of males, high-flux dialyzer, BMI and systolic blood pressure. The hemoglobin level in high BFR was higher than that in low BFR group. Cardiovascular diseases is the leading cause of mortality. There were no statistically significant differences in the survival-time and mortality between the two groups. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that each 10ml/min BFR increase was associated with a 28.5%（HR：1.285, CI：1.011 ~ 1.635, P = 0.040）increase in the relative risk of death, which is more pronounced in patients with shorter durations on dialysis, dialysis access was central venous catheterization, low hemoglobin, hyperphosphatemic, and a history of coronary artery disease. Conclusion BFR was an independent risk factor of mortality in MHD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the spatial-temporal evolution of temperature and humidity inside mass concrete under the change of external environment temperature, mass concrete specimen with diameter of 0.8 m and height of 1.0 m was poured, where temperature and humidity sensors were embedded. And the evolution law of temperature and humidity inside mass concrete under variable environmental temperature was explored. The results show that the temporal and spatial characteristics of temperature and humidity evolution inside concrete under variable temperature condition are significantly different. The hysteresis of internal temperature response increases with the increase of heat conduction distance. Due to the coupling effect of temperature and humidity, the surface humidity of concrete responds rapidly to the variable temperature environment. With the varying environment temperature and constant environment humidity, the change of concrete temperature is mainly due to the internal and external temperature difference and the internal temperature gradient caused by the variable temperature environment. The humidity of concrete surface is obviously affected by the temperature gradient of concrete surface, and the average influence ratio is 86.2%. The thermos-moisture diffusion caused by temperature difference is much greater than free diffusion and the velocity of moisture migration increases with the increase of temperature gradient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at overcoming the low accuracy of traditional slope modeling, a new multi-constraint DSI fitting modeling module was established by introducing multi-constraint discrete smooth interpolation (DSI) algorithm in improving the self-developed 3D numerical analysis system GeoSMA-3D. Firstly, the original drilling and geophysical data were used to interpolate the whole slope with discrete structural plane information, then the geological objects with different characteristics were calibrated through different constraints, and then the slope body is fitted by the improved correction function. Finally, the structural plane information was obtained through the high-precision three-dimensional slope model and the clustering group was carried out. The results show that the method improves the accuracy of discrete rock mass analysis with good theoretical significance and engineering application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inconel 718 mesoscopic thin-walled parts are in increasing demands in aerospace, medicine, communication equipment and other fields. Thin-wall micro-milling deformation is a difficult problem in the field, and micro-milling force is an important factor causing machining deformation. In order to predict the force of thin-wall micro-milling, the finite element simulation model of Inconel 718 thin-wall micro-milling process was established together with the geometric models of the micro-milling tool and thin-wall parts, the mesh division was completed, and the mesh independence was verified. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure criterion were used to describe the material constitutive relationship and chip separation criterion respectively. The modified Coulomb model was used to describe the friction characteristics. The results show that the maximum and average relative errors are 11.23% and 7.04%, respectively, by comparing the micro milling force output of the simulation model with the experimental results, which verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum cysteine rich 61(CYR61) and Fractalkine in patients with Graves' Disease (GD). Methods: A total of 57 GD patients admitted to Handan Central Hospital of Hebei Province from March 2018 to October 2021 were selected as the research group. Another 50 healthy subjects were selected during the same period. Venous blood was collected from all subjects to detect serum CYR61, Fractalkine levels, thyroid function and thyroid autoantibody related indicators. Pearson test was used to analyze the correlation of serum CYR61 and Fractalkine levels with thyroid function and thyroid autoantibody related indicators in GD patients. Results: The serum CYR61 and Fractalkine levels in the study group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Serum free triiodothyronine 3 (FT3) and free tetriodothyronine 4 (FT4) in the study group were higher than those in the control group, while the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level was lower than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels in the study group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum CYR61 and Fractalkine levels were positively correlated with the FT3, FT4, TGAb, TPOAb and TRAb levels in patients with GD, while negatively correlated with the serum TSH level (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Serum CYR61 and Fractalkine levels are abnormally high in patients with GD, which are related to thyroid function and thyroid autoantibodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability in the grain production system is closely related to the entire food processing and supply chain for the national food security. It is a high demand to explore the sustainability of the Grain for Green Project for the grain production system, in order to accurately assess the relationship between ecological and food security. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation index system was constructed for the sustainability of the grain production system using the relevant data of grain production in various counties and districts of the Loess Plateau in 2000, 2010, and 2018. A typical ecological restoration project "Grain for Green" was then analyzed to clarify the impact of returning farmland on the sustainability of the grain production system. The results show that: 1) The sustainability of the grain production system on the Loess Plateau in 2018 was higher than that in 2000, indicating a gradually increasing trend. Specifically, the sustainability of the grain production system was dominated by the supply of natural resources, and then shifted to a stage dominated by the sustainable socio-economic development. 2) There were small differences in the sustainability of grain production systems on the Loess Plateau, most of which were in the low-to-medium sustainability level in 2000. Furthermore, the sustainable growth rate of the grain production system on the Loess Plateau reached 31.03% and 28.81%, respectively, from 2000 to 2010 and from 2010 to 2018. Therefore, the period from 2000 to 2010 presented a substantial improvement in the sustainability of the grain production system. 3) Although the cultivated land was greatly reduced (-33.48%) under the background of the Grain for Green Project, the average altitude and slope also showed a downward trend (decreased by 20.3 m and 0.88°, respectively), and the soil erosion modulus decreased from 16.14 to 9.34 t/(hm²·a), while the water volume and grain production potential increased by 5.09 mm/km² and 53.75 kg/(hm²·a) annually, respectively. 4) The sustainability of the grain production system exhibited significant improvement under the background of the Grain for Green Project, indicating a positive effect of project implementation on the sustainability of the grain production system in the six sub-regions. More importantly, there was an increase from 0.14 to 0.17 in the sustainability index of the grain production system in the rocky mountainous area, which was the most affected by the project of the Grain for Green. Correspondingly, the Grain for Green Project can return the farmland to the ecologically fragile areas, particularly of soil erosion and land desertification. Therefore, the spatial distribution pattern greatly varied in the quality, average altitude, and height of cultivated land, indicating the reduced material supply of food production. As a result, the soil erosion modulus was reduced to effectively improve the water conservation capacity, the ecological environment, and the sustainability of the grain production system. On the whole, the Grain for Green Project has promoted the sustainability of the grain production system for the better ecological restoration of national food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the application value of diffusion-weighted imaging（DWI） and dynamic enhanced MRI（DCE-MRI） in the preoperative differential diagnosis of prostatic neoplasms. Methods Patients with prostate diseases who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2019 to March 2020 were selected as the research subjects.The 92 patients with complete MRI imaging data were divided into prostatic neoplasm group（PCa group, 36 cases） and benign prostatic hyperplasia group（BPH group, 56 cases） based on postoperative pathological examination results. The apparent diffusion coefficient（ADC） under different b values, time-signal（SI-T） curve, and DCE-MRI parameters [volume transfer constant（Ktrans）, rate constant（Kep）, percentage of extravascular extracellular space volume（Vc）] were recorded among all patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC） was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of ADC value and DCE-MRI parameters on prostatic neoplasms, and the area under the curve（AUC）, sensitivity, and specificity were recorded. Results When the b value was set to 1000s/mm², or 600mm², the ADC value in PCa group was lower than that in BPH group（P<0.05）. When the b value was set to 1000s/mm~2, the ADC value had a greater diagnostic efficacy, and the AUC value, sensitivity and specificity were 0.905, 77.78%, and 91.07%. Patients in PCa group were mainly type Ⅲ curve, and patients in BPH group were mainly type II. There were statistically significant differences in the curve types between the two groups（P<0.05）. The levels of Ktrans, Kep and Vc in PCa group were higher than those in BPH group（P<0.05）. The AUC value, sensitivity and specificity of Ktrans diagnosis were 0.828, 69.44%, and 83.93%. The AUC value, sensitivity and specificity of Kep were 0.857, 83.33%, and 78.57%. The AUC value, sensitivity and specificity of Vc were 0.874, 77.78%,and 82.14%. Conclusion DWI and DCE-MRI have high differential diagnosis value on prostatic neoplasms. Combination of ADC value, SI-T curve types and Ktrans, Kep, Vc and other parameters can make comprehensive judgments so as to improve the diagnostic accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing year by year, with limited treatment methods, and its pathogenesis is a research hotspot at present. In order to better clarify its pathogenesis, it is urgent to develop advanced, safe, and effective in vitro or in vivo models to understand and develop treatment strategies for this disease. This article reviews the in vitro models commonly used in the preclinical study of NAFLD and discusses their advantages and disadvantages, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring fish phenotype during aquaculture is essential to promote the quality of fishery resources. However, the low-level visual information cannot accurately match the specific target in complex real-world scenarios. Semantic segmentation can be expected to segment the object outlines, due to the classifies images at the pixel level. It is still lacking on the segmentation of fish morphological feature. Phenotype segmentation without optimized or improved models can result in the coarse segmentation across multiple phenotypic scales, leading to the low accuracy of fish phenotype proportion. In this study, a VED-SegNet model was developed for the segmentation and measurement of fish phenotypes. This model was integrated the Cross Stage Partial Network and GSConv as the encoder (VoV-GSCSP) to extract more comprehensive semantic information on fish phenotypes. Secondly, the EMA (Efficient Multi-Scale Attention Module with Cross-Spatial Learning) was employed to create an enhanced structure. The information transfer between the encoder and decoder was selected for the efficient learning of feature maps without channel dimensionality reduction during convolution, resulting in the superior pixel information and enhanced model accuracy. Finally, the decoder was configured with four upsampling layers, enabling the classification of eight phenotypic categories. Experiments were conducted on a custom-built dataset of fish phenotype segmentation. It was found that the model performed optimally with an EMA channel dimension of 16, a batch size of 4, a learning rate of 1×10, and an image size of 512x512 pixels. The better performance was achieved in the mIoU (mean intersection over union) of 87.92% and an mPA (mean pixel accuracy) of 92.83%, with parameters and GFLOPs (Giga Floating Point Operations) at 30.9M and 440.95G. The inference speed reached the real-time levels with an FPS (Frames Per Second) of 30.44. In the extraction of fish phenotypic proportions, the model was closely aligned with the actual measurements, with the minimun mean absolute percentage error of 0.61% and the maximum of only 11.28%. These findings demonstrated that the VED-SegNet model was used to rapidly and accurately segment and extract the fish phenotypes, and then facilitate the contactless extraction of fish phenotype proportions in aquaculture. There was the great contribution to the intelligent evolution of the industry. Compared with the advanced semantic segmentation models, such as PSPNet, Deeplabv3+, Unet, and Segformer, the VED-SegNet model exhibited the highest accuracy and superior overall capability in segmenting fish phenotypes, achieving over 77% and 86% in IoU and PA metrics, respectively. This performance demonstrated that the VED- SegNet's balanced proficiency across various phenotypic indicators, in order to precisely monitor the fish growth curves and scientific management in aquaculture. The segmentation experiments showed that the superior performance was achieved in the fish phenotypic segmentation, particularly the enhanced robustness in segmenting fish fins with similar shapes and colors. This approach was effectively reduced the false negatives, due to a limited number of effective pixels with more precise and complete edge details. The advanced capability was obtained to segment the fish phenotypes, indicating more accurate determination of fish phenotypic proportions. In addition, a series of tests were conducted on the fish phenotypic segmentation under various aquaculture environments, including the scenarios with complex water quality and overlapping of multiple fish. The VED-SegNet model was maintained the effective segmentation performance in these complex and multi-fish overlapping scenarios. The VED-SegNet phenotypic intelligent segmentation model can be expected to facilitate the phenotypic segmentation of specific fish species, even in the complex environments and multi-fish overlapping scenarios. Additionally, this approach can be extend to the phenotypic segmentation and measurement of other fish species in the wide application scope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Inter‑satellite link of BeiDou navigation constellation has better application value in remote time synchronization among space crafts because it can eliminate a part of channel error by dual‑one way ranging method and it has a flexible link‑building way. But current inter‑satellite link system time synchronization method is highly depending on ephemeris parameters, and when one user has high orbital velocity and incomplete space position information, the conventional time synchronization algorithms are limited. Methods: This study is carried out mainly aiming at the application requirements of expanding users in navigation constellation inter ‑ satellite link technique, and an improved dynamic delay correction method based on single ‑ point pseudorange epoch conversion is proposed. The method only needs to synchronize the movement speed of one of the two sides and the position of both sides to correct the motion delay error. The advantage of this method is that the two‑way time synchronization accuracy is not affected by one user’s speed error with poor speed accuracy. In this paper, the basic theory and implementation method of the algorithm is given, and requirements to positional accuracy of spacecraft are analyzed. The algorithm is verified by simulation and test data. Results: From the simulation and test data analysis, this work could be classified some major clusters apparently: (1) By analyzing the requirement to the position accuracy of spacecraft in the course of time synchronization, the time synchronization accuracy between BeiDou ‑ 3 MEO (medium earth orbit) and spacecraft can arrive to 0.01 ns when the position error of spacecraft is less than 230 m, and the time synchronization accuracy between BeiDou ‑ 3 IGSO/GEO (inclined geosynchronous orbit/geostationary orbit) and spacecraft can arrive to 0.01 ns when the position error of spacecraft is less than 290 m. (2) By using single‑point pseudorange epoch conversion method, the time synchronization accuracy between Beidou‑3 M1 and spacecraft can arrive to 0.003 ns when the position error of spacecraft is 200 m and it has no velocity message. (3) By analyzing the inter‑satellite link measuring data between Bei‑ Dou‑3 M7 and Xi’an Ka ground station, the time synchronization accuracy between the satellite‑ground is about 0.07 ns. Conclusions: This algorithm based on single‑point pseudorange epoch conversion can solve the time synchronization with incomplete ephemeris parameters, and its time synchronization accuracy is better than 0.1 ns. This method also adapts to the precise time transferring among the low‑orbit spaces and deep‑space detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compound pregnancy (heterotopic pregnancy, HP) is an extremely dangerous ectopic pregnancy. The incidence of HP in natural conception is not high, but in recent years, the popularization of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF- ET) and ovulation induction techniques, the incidence of HP has increased compared with the previous period. Patients with HP usually only have non-specific symptoms such as abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding in the early stage. Due to the existence of intrauterine gestation sac, their ectopic gestational sac is especially easy to be misdiagnosed and missed, which can easily lead to the continued development of the patient′ s ectopic gestational sac and can cause serious life - threatening consequences such as hemorrhage in the abdominal cavity or even shock. Therefore, a full understanding of the related risk factors of HP, corresponding measures to prevent the occurrence of HP before ET or ovulation induction technology. Early diagnosis after HP and effective treatment after diagnosis will improve the prognosis of patients and it seems particularly important. This review summarizes the progress in diagnosis and management of HP after IVF-ET. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the efficacy of Quyu Sanjie Decoction combined with bortezomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (BRD) in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and the treatment of patients with serum M protein (monoclonal protein), N The influence of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels. Methods: The 90 patients with multiple myeloma admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 were selected and divided into study group and control group according to their treatment methods, with 45 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with BRD chemotherapy, and the study group was treated with Quyu Sanjie Decoction on the basis of the control group. The curative effects of the two groups after treatment were compared, and the changes in bone pain symptoms, M protein, NT-proBNP, and cTnI levels before and after treatment, and adverse effects The occurrence of the reaction. Results: After treatment, the treatment effective rate of the study group was 91.11%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (68.89%, P<0.05); the serum M protein and NT-proBNP levels of the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment, and the study was significantly lower In the control group (P<0.05), the serum cTnI level was significantly higher than before treatment, and the study group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05); the bone pain score of the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05) . The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment in the study group was 11.11%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (28.89%, P<0.05). Conclusion: Quyu Sanjie Decoction combined with BRD can significantly improve the treatment effect of patients with MM, improve the symptoms of bone pain, and have higher safety, which may be related to the reduction of M protein and NT-proBNP levels and the increase of cTnI levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Exploring the spatiotemporal characteristics of annual precipitation in different climate zones in Shandong Province is expected to provide a more regional reference basis for climate analysis, disaster prevention and reduction in the region. [Methods] According to the annual precipitation data of ground meteorological observatories in 95 countries of Shandong Province in the period from 1991 to 2020, the annual precipitation data in Shandong Province were divided into climate regions, and then the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of precipitation in each region were analyzed by using relevant statistical methods. [Results](1) In Shandong Province, there were more years with less precipitation modalities, and more precipitation intensity in years with more precipitation, and the interdecadal variation was obvious, but the distribution and intensity changes of years with more and less precipitation in each mode were different.(2) The annual precipitation in Shandong Province decreases from southeast to northwest. The annual precipitation data were divided into three regions: southeast coastal area(Zone I), northwest plain area(Zone Ⅱ) and central hilly area(Zone Ⅲ). The annual precipitation in each precipitation region showed no significant increase trend, with different trend rates and no obvious mutation.(3) The annual precipitation of each precipitation subarea in Shandong Province had obvious periodic characteristics. There were two obvious energy centers in the annual precipitation data of the southeast coastal area, with the central scale of 2～3 years, and the future change has strong sustainability. There were three obvious energy centers in the annual precipitation data in the northwest plain, with the central scales of 5～7 years, 3 a and 2～3 years, respectively. There were two obvious energy centers in the annual precipitation data in the central hilly region, with the central scales of 2～3 years and 6 years, respectively. The future changes are of strong sustainability. [Conclusion] Shandong Province has more years with less precipitation and more precipitation intensity, and the annual precipitation field can be roughly divided into three zones, and the annual precipitation in each region has obvious cyclical characteristics, and future changes are continuous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study Comparison of the diagnostic value of Doppler ultrasonography and 128-slice spiral CT in breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 60 cases of breast cancer confirmed by surgery and pathology from March 2017 to March 2019 in our hospital. To compare the detection rate, sonographic characteristics, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Doppler ultrasonography and 128-slice spiral CT in axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. Results: Among the 60 patients with breast cancer confirmed by pathology after surgery, 38 had axillary lymph node metastasis and 22 had no axillary lymph node metastasis. In the diagnosis of breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis, 36 cases were confirmed by Doppler ultrasound, and 30 cases were confirmed by 128-slice spiral CT. The detection rate of cortical centripetal growth, intra-lymph node calcification, lymph node diameter ratio and lymph node boundary ambiguity by Doppler ultrasound was significantly higher than that by 128-slice spiral CT (P<0.05). Use pathology as the gold standard. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Doppler ultrasound were higher than those of 128-slice spiral CT, and there were significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Doppler ultrasonography is of high diagnostic value in breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis, which can help to provide correct diagnosis and select appropriate treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the genetic polymorphism of 20 autosomal STR loci in 272 unrelated individuals in Yunnan Zhuang，Dai and Hani populations，to calculate the population genetic parameters of the three ethnic groups，and establish Yunnan Zhuang，Dai and Hani population genetics basic data, so that the basic data of population genetics would provide a scientific and reliable basis for forensic paternity test and individual identification. Methods The sample DNAs were extracted by Chelex-100 method and amplified by PowerPlexR 21 System kit. ABI 3130 automatic genetic analyzer was used to analyze PCR amplification products，and ABI GeneMapper ID v3. 2 software was used for STR genotyping analysis. Statistical analysis of forensic genetic parameters and Hardy-Wein- berg equilibrium test were performed using Modified-Powerstates software. Results A total of 195 alleles and 510 genotypes were detected in 153 samples of Zhuang population. The allele frequencies were between 0.0033 and 0.5543; a total of 180 alleles and 392 genotypes were detected in 73 samples of the Dai population. The allele frequency distribution was between 0.0068 and 0.5548；a total of 172 alleles and 362 genotypes were detected in 46 samples of the Hani population，and the allele frequencies were between 0.0109 and 0.5543. Except for the Penta E and D6S1043 in Dai population，the genotype distributions of the remaining loci in the three populations were all accorded with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law （> 0.05）， and the cumulative probability of exclusion rate （CPE） of the three populations was greater than 0.999 9. The cumulative probability of discrimination （CDP） was greater than 0.999 9. Conclusion The 20 autosomal loci have high polymorphism and good individual recognition ability in Yunnan Zhuang，Dai and Hani populations，and can provide scientific genetic basis data for forensic evidence paternity test and individual identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: As a dominant breed pig in southwest China, the southern Yunnan small-ear pig has been widely used as an experimental animal in the basic research of other disciplines, but there are still no reports on its application in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. OBJECTIVE: To establish a large animal model of the southern Yunnan small-ear pig with anterior cruciate ligament with autologous Achilles tendon was established. METHODS: Twenty adult female Yunnan small-ear pigs were equally randomized into two groups. In the autologous Achilles tendon group, the right knee anterior cruciate ligament was reconstructed with autologous Achilles tendon as a graft, while in the sham-operated group, a similar operation was performed on the right knee without any treatment of the anterior cruciate ligament. General conditions of each pig were observed and recorded before and 12 months after surgery. Ligaments and grafts were taken for gross observation and MAS scoring. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe morphological characteristics of ligaments. The staining and arrangement of type I and type III collagen were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the type, size, diameter, ratio, and distribution of collagen fibers in ligaments. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All animals had normal diet and activity, good wound healing, no obvious inflammatory reaction, no local purulent infection, and no significant changes in mental and urinary conditions compared with those before surgery. The reconstructed cruciate ligament of the knee was intact, with no stiffness and normal range of motion. Both the anterior drawer and Lachman tests were negative. Gross observation of the graft: 12 months after surgery, the grafts was in good position, with good integrity, obvious tension, ligament color close to the original anterior cruciate ligament, and complete surface synovial coverage. Most of the intraarticular ligaments in the autologous Achilles tendon group were defined as MAS I type and a few were defined as MAS II type. In the sham-operated group, the intraarticular ligament was defined as MAS I type. Hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated that, 12 months after surgery, collagen fibers in the autologous Achilles tendon group began to appear bundled, isotropic, and uniformly arranged, with more obvious isotropic corrugations, and the nuclei were mainly linear or spindle-shaped, which were similar to those in normal anterior cruciate ligament tissue of the sham-operated group. Immunohistochemistry results indicated that, 12 months after surgery, there was a higher expression of type I collagen and significantly less expression of type III collagen in the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament in the autologous Achilles tendon group. The degree of type I and type III staining was similar in the two groups. Under the transmission electron microscope, the diameter, arrangement and density of collagen fibers in the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament of the autologous Achilles tendon group were similar to those of the original anterior cruciate ligament at 12 months after surgery, indicating that the ligament remodeling process had been basically completed in the autologous Achilles tendon group at 12 months after surgery. Through a comprehensive evaluation of animal general conditions, ligament general view, MAS score, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy observation, we successfully established a large animal model of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using autogenous Achilles tendon in southern Yunnan small-ear pigs, with good morphological, histological and ultrastructural results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In recent years, some scholars in the field of tendon bone injury have attached stromal cell-derived factor 1 to tissue engineering scaffolds to promote tendon bone healing, and achieved good results. However, whether stromal cell-derived factor 1 promotes tendon bone healing mechanisms and participates in the repair of natural healing has not yet been defined. OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of stroma-cell derived factor 1 during tendon bone healing after rupture of the whole supraspinatus muscle of the rabbit rotator cuff and its migration effect and optimal in vitro migration promoting concentration on stem cells during tendon bone injury. METHODS: Totally 18 adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly selected to establish rotator cuff injury models, and an additional 3 rabbits were selected as blank controls. At 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after modeling, three rabbits were executed separately and the rabbits in the blank group were sacrificed. The tissues of tendon bone junction were taken and stored in a -80 ℃ refrigerator. The expression of stromal cell-derived factor 1 was detected by ELISA at each time point after injury. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the bone marrow of young rabbit femur, cultured, and identified. Transwell assay was performed to verify the migration-promoting effect of stromal cell-derived factor 1 on stem cells and the optimal migration-promoting concentration in vitro. The stem cells cultured to P3 were co-cultured with BrdU and injected into the rabbit ear marginal vein, and immunohistochemical staining was used to verify whether the stem cells migrated to the injury site. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Stromal cell-derived factor 1 gene expression was bimodal during rotator cuff tendon bone healing. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 gene expression increased significantly at 3 days post-injury (P < 0.01) and then decreased, reaching a minimum at 5 days post-injury. It increased again and reached a peak 14 days after injury (P < 0.01) and then decreased. (2) Cell immunohistochemical staining displayed that stem cells labeled with BrdU did migrate to the injury site. (3) The results of the transwell experiment exhibited that 60-80 ng/mL stromal cell-derived factor 1 had the best effect on promoting migration of stem cells, while a concentration of 200 ng/mL inhibited migration. (4) Stromal cell-derived factor 1 is involved in the healing of rotator cuff tendon bone during the inflammatory response phase and the proliferation phase. The mechanism of action may be to promote the migration of stem cells to the injury and their differentiation into various types of cells to promote repair. In addition, the pro-migration effect of stromal cell-derived factor 1 exists at a range of concentrations, beyond which it may act as an inhibitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

观察中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)与儿童特异性皮炎(AD)病情严重程度的相关性 -12 月于该院就诊 AD 患者 130 例纳入 AD组,另选取健康儿童 40例纳入对照组。其中,AD组根據 D)评分分为轻度 ADC≤15分)和中重度AD組(15分),清晨空腹抽取所有受试者外周静脉血3ml 成4组 NLR数值,分别采用单因素分析和 logistic w归分析 AD患者 NLR数值、临床特征及其影响汇 中SCORAD评分的相关性采用 Pearson 分析,利用受试者工作特征(ROC曲线探讨 NLR 数值诊断中生 黑 与对照组比较,轻度 AD组､中专度 ADM和ADS NER均呈著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05) 重度MNER 显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05), logistic w归分析结果显示,SCORAD评分 300R-3449均是 AD患者 NLR数值升高的危险因素,AD患者NLR数值与 SCORAD评分星星 D, S)。 NER 数值计斯中重度 AD的曲线下面机为0.86495%置信区间(95%CI:0.776~0.913], 在 双特异度分别为89.03%和6.67%.结论 AD患者 SLR 数值兰著升高-与病情的严重程度相关。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 The study was carried out to explore the blood physiological characteristics of plateau adaptation in Tibetan sawa sheep. 【Method】 The total blood of adult healthy Tibetan sawa(at an altitude of 4700 meters)and Linzhi local valley sheep(at an altitude of 2900 meters) were collected, and their blood routine physiological indexes were compared by automatic animal blood cell analyzer. The blood physiology datas of sheep were collected, and the correlation of altitude with 5 main blood physiological indexes of sheep by scatter plot was analyzed. 【Result】The WBC, LY %, LYM, MONOCYTES,EOSINOPHILS, RBC,HGB and HCT of Tibetan sawa sheep were significantly higher than that of Linzhi sheep(P<0.05), the MONO %, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW-CV and PLT, MPV and PCT of Tibetan sawa sheep were significantly lower than that of Linzhi sheep(P<0.05), and There were no significant difference in EO %, RDW-Sd and PDW between Tibetan Sawa and Linzhi sheep(P>0.05). HGB was positively correlated with altitude; WBC had a increasing trend with the increase of altitude; And PLT, RBC, MCV were not associated with elevation. 【Conclusion】 The immunity of Sawa Tibetan sheep by the enhancement of the total number of red blood cells could be improved, and the hemoglobin content in the blood could be increased to improve its ability to transport oxygen. Sawa Tibetan sheep adapted to the plateau environment through a series of changes in blood physiological indexes, which could provide a references for the diagnosis of diseases, breeding of varieties and the study of plateau adaptability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the remote sensing monitoring results of the monthly scale drought in Sichuan Province from July to August 2000-2015(Lu et al.(2017)), the multi-scale characteristics of drought are studied in such a complex topographical area in this paper. The multi-dimensional analysis of the monthly average drought conditions and its evolution trend are carried out based on two-dimensional wavelet analysis in different topographic and geomorphological areas. The wavelet square difference (WSD) is taken as an index, the larger the wavelet square difference is, the richer the structural information is in the study area at that scale, and the greater the intensity of drought effect is. Through the research, it is found that: 1) The WSD of average annual situation of drought conditions is reaching its maximum in the vertical direction (North-South direction), the second in the horizontal direction (West-East direction), and the smallest in the diagonal direction (Northwest-Southeast direction), reflecting the significant spatial differentiation of the drought along the vertical direction of the region. The dominant factor that leads to this phenomenon is the significant vertical gradient of the vegetations. 2) The number and scope of the dominant scales for the annual average drought conditions in different are different. There are 5 dominant scales in the Eastern Sichuan basin, and the scale of 5 040.75 km2 is the most topographic areas in the macro scales. The severe drought and extraordinarily drought grades are dominated by the meso scale at 187.34, 560.08 km2, which is mainly reflected in Chengdu Plain. For the plateau and basin transition zone, there are 3 dominant scales. The macro scale of 2 194.5 km2 is mainly characterized by moderate drought and has a significant vertical differentiation. The meso scales of 160.51 and 418 km2 correspond to severe or extraordinarily droughts, which are mainly reflected in the city and built-up area. For the western Sichuan plateau, there are 2 dominant scales. The macro scale of 9 487.5 km2 is prominently represented in the diagonal direction as the drought-free area where the evergreen coniferous forest and the mixed forest are interlaced in the central part of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The meso scale of 637.82 km2 is prominent in the horizontal and vertical directions in area where grassland and mixed forest distributed along in the northwestern of the Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture. 3) The number of dominant scales and the prominent scale characteristics of the drought and evolution trend are inconsistent in 3 major topographical and morphological areas. For the Eastern Sichuan Basin, there are 4 spatial scales in the drought aggravation trend area, and the mesoscale scale is dominant, while the drought mitigation trend area is dominated by the macro scale of 5 023.02 km2. For the plateau and basin transition areas, there are mainly 3 scales in drought-increasing trend areas. The dominant scale is also the meso scale, while the mitigation trend area is more prominent with 3 meso scales. There are 4 dominant scales in the drought-increasing trend area of the western Sichuan Plateau, which is dominated by the macro scale. While the drought mitigation trend area is dominated by the meso scale. 4) Although the dominant scales in the evolution trend of drought in different geomorphological areas are different, they have strong consistency in the causes of these scale characteristics, that is, the dominant scale areas of drought aggravation trend show a kind of vegetation decline, while the area of drought mitigation is presented as the increasing trend of precipitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sulforaphane (1 -isothiocyanate -4 -methanesulfonylbutane, SFN), also known as raphanin, is a bioactive substance extracted from broccoli plants, and is one of the strong antioxidant found so far. Once oxidative stress stimulus occurs, sulforaphane can induce the expression of various antioxidants and detoxifying enzymes by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway to exert an antioxidant effect. The sulforaphane can also directly react with other cellular targets to exert biological effects such as inducing apoptosis and regulating inflammatory mediators. Sulforaphane has been used as an antioxidant in various disease research, such as digestive disease, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and tumors. However, there are few studies on its function in the female reproductive system. This article reviews the basic structure, biological effects and research progress of sulforaphane in female reproductive system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To detect clock jump and gross error in data of satellite clock, a two-step method for error detection of satellite clock data is proposed by combining the single difference algorithm of epochs and quasi-accurate cetection method (QUAD). In the first step, a single difference algorithm of epochs is used to detect suspected clock jump and eliminate the gross error points according to the different performance characteristic of clock jump and gross error in the sequence of single difference of epochs; and in the second step, QUAD is used to detect gross error precisely for the data by segment according to the suspected clock jump. The detecting process is set forth and the performance is analyzed by using simulating data, and the algorithm is verified by practical data, both examples show that using only single difference algorithm of epochs can effectively detect suspected clock jump points and partial error, while using the two-step method can effectively avoid clock jump influence, and can accurately detect small gross errors, which is close to two times the background noise's standard deviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate protective effect of leosimendan on the myocardial injury in patients with septic shock.Methods: 149 cases with septic shock from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2017 in our hospital were chosen, who were divided into the observation group(73 cases) and control group(76 cases), the control group were given routine treatment and intravenous administration of dobutamine for 48 h, the observation group were given routine treatment, intravenous injection of dobutamine for 24 h and intravenous injection of leosimendan for 24 h. The cardiac function parameters, hemodynamic index, troponin, lactate, norepinephrine, mechanical ventilation and ICU mortality of two groups were compared. Results: Before treatment, the left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular diastolic final volume index and left ventricular systolic final volume index of two groups had no significant different(P>0.05). After treatment, the cardiac function parameters were got improved in the observation group(P<0.05), while there was no defference in the control group(P>0.05). The cardiac output, each stroke index, left ventricle per beat index in observation group were all higher than control group, while the central venous pressure were lower than control group(P<0.05). The troponin and lactate levels after treatment were all lower than before treatment, while the observation group was obvious lower than control group(P<0.05), the total amount of norepinephrine, mechanical ventilation and ICU mortality between groups had no significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusion: Leosimendan had myocardial protective effect on patients with septic shock, which could improve the heart function, optimize hemodynamics, while have could not decrease the ICU mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper mainly researches how to improve sound source localization effects in indoor environments with complex noise and serious reverberation. Firstly， the signal model of the indoor microphone array is analyzed and a suitable array topology is established. Secondly， a lot of parameters of the filter in the cepstral domain are determined optimally by simulation. Then， the generalized cross-power spectrum phase is proposed to make the peak value more obvious. In addition， many weight functions are simulated and compared in Matlab to further improve the accuracy of sound source localization. Finally， the proposed algorithm is verified. The result shows that the localization success rate is up to 80% when the angle error and distance error of the improved algorithm are ±10°and ±15cm， respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the current status of knowledge of osteoporosis ( OP) in young college students，and to offer baseline data for further OP healthy education program． Methods A questionnaire was conducted in 1250 low grade college students in a Collage in Guangzhou using a stratified cluster random sampling method ． SP SS20. 0 was used for statistical analysis． Ｒesults The average score of OP knowledge was 16. 77 ± 4. 288． The awareness rate of the concepts that OP is a childhood disease with pathologic result in older age，low back pain and short in height are clinical manifestation of OP，and low calcium content in in bone soup，was as low as 20. 3%，31. 4%，and 30. 0%，respectively． There were significant differences of knowledge on OP between different genders and among students with different majors． The scores were higher in female students ( 17. 11 ± 4. 037) than in male students ( 16. 17 ± 4. 368，t = 3. 806，P ＜ 0. 01) ，and were higher in medical students ( 16. 98 ± 4. 061) than in non-medical students ( 16. 21 ± 4. 802，t = 2. 583，P ＜ 0. 01) ． Conclusion College students have a poor understanding of OP． In order to strengthen OP healthy education and improve the knowledge level of college students，further education programs are urgently necessary to carry out． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Due to the mismatch between the design of the proximal femoral nail antirotation Asian version (PFNA-II) and Asian population, extrusion of the proximal femoral intertrochanteric nail may occur in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures. The influence of the protruding length on the curative effect of the operation needs to be further discussed. OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively measure the protruding length of the proximal trochanter of the femur with intramedullary nail after PFNA-II, and to analyze the effect of protruding length on the efficacy of PFNA-II in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS: Totally 68 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA-II internal fixation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were selected. The extramedullary process of the proximal trochanter of the femur was quantitatively measured on the anterior and posterior X-ray films of the hip joint within 6 months after operation. According to the existence of extrusion of the proximal trochanter intramedullary nail, the patients were divided into protruding group and non-protruding group. The data of sex, height, fracture type, length and diameter of the intramedullary nail, the position of screw blade in the femoral neck and protruding length of proximal greater trochanter were collected. The postoperative curative effect was judged by visual analog scale pain score and hip joint Harris score at 6 months after operation. The influence of protruding proximal trochanter of the PFNA-II intramedullary nail on the operative effect was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were significant differences in sexual characteristics between the protruding group and the non-protruding group (P=0.001). (2) According to AO/OTA classification, there were no significant differences in fracture type between the protruding group and the non-protruding group (P=0.289). (3) There was no significant difference in the length and diameter of the intramedullary nail between the two groups (P=0.067, P=1.000). (4) There was no significant correlation between the height of all patients and the length of the intramedullary nail (P=0.510), but there was a significant correlation between height and protruding length (P=0.034). There was no significant correlation between screw blade position and protruding length (P=0.968). (5) Six months after operation, there was no significant difference in the hip Harris score (P=0.373), but the visual analog scale pain score was significantly higher in the protruding group than that in the non-protruding group (P=0.000). (6) The results suggest that nail extrusion often occurs in the proximal greater trochanter when PFNA-II is used in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in Asians. When the nail extended into the proximal soft tissue of the greater trochanter, patients complained of proximal greater trochanteric pain and the visual analog scale score of proximal greater trochanter pain in the patient was significantly higher than that in the non-protruding group. To be more suitable for the Asian population, we suggest that the PFNA-II should be improved to further shorten the proximal nail end to obtain better clinical results of femoral intertrochanteric fracture fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to grasp the biodiversity status and threat factors of biodiversity priority areas and to promote the protection and supervision of biodiversity priority areas, amphibian and reptile diversity surveys and assessments were carried out in Jinghong, Menghai and Mengla. In May, August, October 2019 and January, August 2020, field survey based on the spline sampling method was adopted, supplemented by interview survey and literature survey. The result showed that 76 species of amphibians were recorded, belonging to 39 genera，10 families, three orders； and 88 species of reptiles were recorded, belonging to 62 genera，20 families, two orders. G-F index showed that the reptiles in Jinghong, Menghai and Mengla were more abundant. The distribution type of amphibians and reptiles in Jinghong, Menghai and Mengla was mainly Oriental type. The fauna composition was higher in south China, with a high proportion and a large number of endemic species, reflecting the characteristics of fauna composition of amphibians and reptiles and rapid species differentiation. Amphibians and reptiles in Jinghong, Menghai and Mengla were most widely distributed in water type and forest type at a vertical altitude of 500-2，000 m. This may be due to the diversity of habitats, dense vegetation cover and geographical conditions of river distribution in Xishuangbanna. This study found out the biodiversity background of amphibians and reptiles in Jinghong, Menghai and Mengla, and mastered the status and trend of key species and habitats, and the counter⁃measures and protection strategies were put forward to provide basic data for biodiversity protection in Jinghong, Menghai and Mengla. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is an important treatment for anterior cruciate ligament injury and fracture. Postoperative tendon to bone healing is closely related to the early postoperative rehabilitation and functional recovery of patients. In particular, the time and firmness of tendon to bone healing have become important indicators to evaluate the efficacy of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress in promoting tendon to bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in recent years, hoping to inspire surgeons and related researchers and better serve basic research and clinical work. METHODS: Using “anterior cruciate ligament, tendon to bone Healing, knee joint, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction” as English and Chinese search terms, related articles regarding tendon to bone healing were searched by computer in CNKI, WanFang Database, PubMed, and FMRS. The time period of literature retrieval was from January 2011 to December 2021, and systematic generalization, summary and analysis were conducted. The shortcomings and future prospects of the research are also discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the development of medical technology and research level, tendon to bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction can be promoted from various aspects such as surgical method improvement, tissue engineering technology and postoperative rehabilitation optimization. However, there are also some limitations, such as a lot of research achievements to promote tendon to bone healing only stay on the animal experiment, especially the experiments of small animals (rat and rabbit). These animals are small in size and extremely different from humans in terms of biological mechanics and body mass; therefore, further research is required to explore whether these study results have the same effect in humans and whether there are long-term adverse reactions or not. There are still few studies on whether the combination of various methods to promote tendon to bone healing can produce a synergistic effect or an inhibitory effect, which may provide new ideas for further research on tendon to bone healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the comprehensive role of precipitation (TRM), vegetation (VCI) and surface thermal state (TCI) in the occurrence and development of droughts, a drought monitoring model is constructed at monthly scale in Sichuan Province based on remote sensing data during 2000-2015. Furthermore, the condition, evolution trend and frequency of droughts in different morphological areas are discussed. The results show as follows: 1) The SDCI modes is the most applicable model for drought monitoring at month scale in mountain areas, which can be described as SDCI=0.25×VCI+0.5×TRM+0.25×TCI. This model embodies the importance of precipitation in drought monitoring. 2) In temporal scale, the intensities of droughts in July are the strongest, while those in August become weaker. In spatial scale, the intensities of droughts in East Sichuan Basin are the strongest in both July and August, then followed by those in the transition area between Plateau and Basin, while those in plateau area in west of Sichuan is the weakest. 3) In greatly, the summer drought in July becomes weaker while the summer drought in August becomes more severe. However, it shows spatial difference. The summer drought in east Sichuan Province becomes aggravated in July but weaker in August; while in plateau and basin transition zone and western Sichuan Plateau, the summer drought becomes weaker in July but aggravated in August. 4) The frequency of occurrence of droughts is the highest in the eastern Sichuan Basin, followed by the plateau and basin transition zone, and then the western Sichuan Plateau. Moderate droughts occurred frequently in eastern Sichuan Basin and Plateau and Basin transition zone, while mild droughts occurred frequently in the Western Sichuan Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key factor in anti-oxidation in most species. Once oxidative stress stimulus occurs, Nrf2 transfers into the nucleus, and binds to antioxidant response element (ARE), and then regulates the expression of a variety of antioxdants and detoxifying enzymes to protect cells against oxidants injury. The Nrf2/ARE pathway involvs in the pathological process of many diseases, such as inflammation, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease and tumor. But there is not enough research about its function in the female reproductive system, especially in ovary. In this article, we reviews the basic components of Nrf2/ARE pathway and its regulation, and the advanced study of this pathway in ovarian diseases, especially in ovarian aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 通过对凶险性前置胎盘植入与非植入的高危因素、妊娠结局的比较,提高对凶险性前置胎盘的充分评估及救治能力,以改善妊娠结局。方法 选取2012年9月至2016年12月在安徽省妇幼保健院住院分娩的凶险性前置胎盘患者70例,根据胎盘植入深度分为A组(深层植入,23例)、B组(浅层植入,22例)、C组(未植入,25例)。比较3组患者年龄、孕周、剖宫产次、距上次剖宫产时间、流产次、超声诊断检出率、术中出血量(>1 000mL)、输血率、子宫切除率等方面的差异。结果 3组患者年龄、孕周、流产次数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组患者剖宫产次数、距上次手术时间及超声诊断检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组术中出血量(>1 000mL)、输血率、子宫切除率及其他并发症发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而3组新生儿低Apgar评分(<7分)的比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 术前对凶险性前置胎盘进行充分的评估,采用合理的治疗方法,可以明显改善妊娠结局。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

报道1例在承德市中心医院内分泌科就诊的2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者使用胰岛素强化治 疗后, 转换为利拉鲁肽联合达格列净治疗的诊疗过程并进行文献复习。患者为58岁男性, 体型肥胖, 主因“多尿, 多饮, 多食 12 年, 血糖控制差 4 个月”为主诉收入院, 入院后完善相关检查, 明确诊断为 T2DM。予门冬胰岛素及甘精胰岛素联合口服药物降糖治疗后第6天血糖逐渐平稳, 调整为利拉鲁肽 (起始 0.6 mg, 1 次/d) 皮下注射, 联合甘精胰岛素 (起始 18 U, 1 次/d) 睡前皮下注射及口服达格列净 (10 mg, 1次/d), 吡格列酮二甲双胍 (1片, 2次/d) 治疗, 治疗后第 9天血糖控制平稳, 逐渐停用胰岛素 及口服降糖药物, 最终只应用利拉鲁肽 (1.8 mg, 1次/d) 皮下注射联合口服达格列净 (10 mg, 1次/d), 血 糖控制良好。利拉鲁肽是一种较新型的胰高糖素样肽‑1类似物, 能够在控制血糖的同时减轻体重, 同 时增加胰岛素敏感性, 可作为单一疗法或与其他降糖药物联合使用来治疗T2DM, 可用于强化治疗后 的维持治疗. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the effect of LIGHT as an adjuvant in the immune responses induced by EB viral nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) DNA vaccine. Methods The liver cDNA of Balbc/c mouse served as the template. The eukaryotic expression vector pcDDNA3.1-LIGHT was constructed by PGR amplification; the cell transfection was conducted, the LIGHT protein expression was verified;by adopting the electric pulse method,the mouse was immunized with the LIGHT plasmid as the adjuvant combined with EBV DNA vaccine. The specific antibody of serum EBNA1 was detected. The mouse spleen lymphocytes were separated and collected. After stimulation by EBNA1 antigen, cytokine IFN-γ secretion level was detected. Results The LIGHT target fragment was amplified by PCR,which was about 720 bp,the Western blot identification results showed that a single clear target band was above 26 x103, demonstrating that LIGHT protein was expressed; the serum detection results in the immune mouse showed that the antibody titer in the LIGHT combined DNA vaccine experimental group was 3 times of that in the single DNA vaccine immune group;the spleen lymphocyte factor detection results showed that the LIGHT combined immune group could significantly increase the IFN-γ secretion. Conclusion LIGHT as the adjuvant has significant promoting effect in the generation of antibody and secretion of related cytokines by depending on its mediated signal pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporosis is the most common degenerative bone metabolic disease among the elderly, especially the postmenopausal women, and it is a significant reason that leads to pathological fractures in the elderly. Due to the unsuspected occurrence which is easy to be ignored, osteoporosis has become the invisible killer to human health. The nutrition elements such as calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D are of great significance to the maintenance of healthy bone. However, currently most nutrition epidemiological studies only focus on the influence of single nutrient for bone health, which does not fully explain the complex interactions between nutrients. It is more scientific to illustrate the typical correlations between dietary pattern and bone health from the perspective of dietary pattern. This article discusses and explores the Mediterranean diet which is beneficial to the health of bone, and the controversial vegetarian diets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To construct the reporter plasmid for uncoupling protein UCP1, with the purpose of screening small molecules that can promote adipose browning. Methods: About 2000 bp fragment of mouse UCP1 promoter region was amplified using PCR. The amplicon was further cloned into the pGL3-basic vector, which was designated as pGL3-UCP1. After confirmed by sequencing, the correct plasmid was purified and co-transfected into HEK293, white adipocytes, and brown adipocytes. The promoter activities in the three different cell types were compared after transfection. Results: The promoter region of UCP1 was successfully amplified by PCR and cloned into pGL3-basic vector. Sequencing results confirmed that the inserted sequence was correct. The pGL3-UCP1 promoter activity in the brown adipocyte was the highest among the three cell types, while it was very low in white adipocyte and nearly undetectable in HEK293 cells, which was consistent with the endogenous expression. In addition, beta3-adrenergic receptor agonist CL316, 243 could also increase the activity of the pGL3-UCP1 promoter reporter. Conclusion: The promoter reporter of UCP1 has been successfully constructed. The reporter activity accurately reflect the endogenous expression level of UCP1, which has high activity in brown adipocytes, while has low to no activity in white adipocytes and HEK293 cells. The constructed promoter reporter can be used for future screening of small molecules that can promote browning of adipose tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the expression of ClC-3 and osteogenic genes expression in MC3T3-E1 cells, and investigate the role of CIC-3 in osteoblast differentiation through PTH. Methods: 10-8M, 10-9M, 10-10 M PTH were used to continuously and intermittently stimulate the MC3T3-E1 cells for 72 h, then Cell Counting Kit-8 was used performed to detect the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, Real-Time PCR was applied to measure the genes expression levels of Alp, Runx2 and Clcn3, immunofluorescence analysis was used to detect the expression of ClC-3 protein. Results: After the continuous and intermittent stimulation of different concentrations of PTH for 72 h, the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells treated by intermittent stimulation of 10-9MPTH was the most strongest, in which the Alp, Runx2 mRNA expressions were both significantly higher than those of 10-8M and 10-10M PTH (P<0.05). The osteogenic genes expressions of intermittent stimulation with the same concentration of PTH were all significantly higher than those of the continuous stimulation, which were the highest in intermittent stimulation with 10-9MPTH (P<0.05), while no significant difference was found between 10-8 M and 10-10 M group (P>0.05). The ClC-3 protein expression in MC3T3-E1 cells stimulated by 10-9M PTH was also obviously increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: PTH stimulation could promote the ClC-3 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells, along with the enhancement of osteogenic genes (Alp, Runx2) expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The liquid phase composite — rolling technology is used to prepare foamable preforms with different content of wCu and closed-pore aluminum foams. The effect of wCu, on the pore structure of the aluminum foams was studied. The results show that with the increase of wCu, the uniformity lot' the pore structure increases, and the pore size and the number of large pores produced by pore merging decrease, while the collapsing and aging characteristics of the foam are enhanced. After comparing the expansion curves of preforms with different wCu, it is found that when the wCu, increases, the maximum expansion rate of the preform firstly increases and then decreases and the foaming time to reach the maximum expansion rate is greatly shortened. The microstructure analysis shows that CuAl2O4 and CuAl2 can be formed after adding Cu into A1Si9 alloy. CuAl2O4 increases the viscosity of the melt, reduces the effect of gravity drainage and capillary action, and improves the stability of the foam. CuAl2 melts prior to A1Si9 alloy, forming a molten pool on the grain boundary, and the bubbles nucleate and grow in advance, so that the foaming process is completed ahead of schedule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

积雪草是一种具有极高药用价值和较为广泛的药理活性的传统中药。研究表明，积雪草皮肤的药理作用 包括抗炎、损伤修复、抗氧化、抗衰老、改善皮肤屏障水合作用、减少色素沉着并提高皮肤活力、抗瘢痕等。积雪草可 能通过抑制皮肤炎症反应、促进成纤维细胞增殖和胶原蛋白合成、上调抗氧化酶活性、促进活性氧消除、调节成纤维 细胞端粒长度、增加人角质形成细胞中水通道蛋白3表达、促进人真皮成纤维细胞中透明质酸分泌、减少黑色素生 成、抑制胶原蛋白基因表达等达到以上药理作用。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In recent years, arthroscopic rotator cuff repair has become the “gold standard” of clinical treatment. However, the rate of postoperative retears after rotator cuff repair remains high, mainly because the original rotator cuff structure cannot be restored. Therefore, anatomical healing through surgery alone is not sufficient. With the development of tissue engineering, more and more scholars have found that it has great advantages for rotator cuff healing and can help stimulate the orderly regeneration of the tendon bone interface. As scholars continue to go deeper and deeper, various types of scaffolds, seed cells, and growth factors have emerged, which have great prospects. However, there are few related reviews at the domestic and international levels, which makes it inconvenient for clinicians and scholars in related fields to understand the recent status of research in general. OBJECTIVE: To provide a summary of recent research on scaffold materials, seed cells, and cytokines related to tissue engineering in the field of rotator cuff tendon bone healing, with the aim of shedding light on basic research and clinical progress in rotator cuff tendon bone healing. METHODS: The search terms “rotator cuff injury, tissue engineering” were searched in English and Chinese by computer in PubMed and CNKI databases. The literature retrieved within 10 years was screened to exclude irrelevant, low quality or duplicate literature, and other relevant literature was included manually. Eventually, 69 papers were included for result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Tissue engineering has a great potential in the field of regeneration of tendon-bone union sites. (1) Current scaffold materials can be broadly classified into three types (natural material scaffold, synthetic material scaffold, and composite material scaffold), each with its own advantages. However, composite scaffolds seem to be more promising as they can better mimic the original gradient structure of the tendon-bone interface. (2) The pigmentation of various types of stem cells and biologic factors has also been shown to stimulate the repair potential of damaged areas. Moreover, the selection of stem cell types and the study of the intrinsic molecular signaling pathways of various biologic factors still need to be further investigated, so as to clarify the time point and level of intervention of specific biologic factors and achieve the purpose of precisely inducing the regeneration of the original fourlayer structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the levels of molecular markers of prethrombotic state in liver cirrhosis (LC) patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and their significance. Methods Seventy-two LC patients who were admitted to our hospital from 2011 to 2013 were selected for analysis. Among the patients, thirty-two were diagnosed with PVT by computed tomography. The plasma levels of granular membrane protein-140 (GMP-140), von Willebrand Factor antigen (vWF:Ag), thrombomodulin (TM), and D-dimer (DD) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were analyzed using SPSS 11.0. Continuous data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and compared between the two groups by independent-samples t test. Results The concentrations of GMP-140, TM, vWF:Ag, and DD in patients with PVT were significantly higher than those in patients without PVT (20.68±1.49 vs 13.05±0.97 μg/L, P＜0.05; 47.24±1.36 vs 34.05±5.03 μg/L, P＜0.05; 194.32±7.68 vs 136.21±3.68 %, P＜0.05; 0.86±0.12 vs 0.42±0.08 mg/L, P＜0.05). The plasma levels of GMP-140, TM, vWF:Ag, and DD in PVT patients with severe esophageal varices were significantly higher than those in patients with mild esophageal varices (19.68±1.29 vs 12.05±1.07 μg/L, P＜0.05; 45.24±1.26 vs 35.05±4.83 μg/L, P＜0.05; 196.32±6.68 vs 141.21±3.45 %, P＜0.05; 0.79±0.12 vs 0.36±0.08 mg/L, P＜0.05).The plasma levels of GMP-140, TM, vWF:Ag, and DD in PVT patients with gastrointestinal bleeding were significantly higher than those in patients without gastrointestinal bleeding (18.98±1.18 vs 11.98±1.12 μg/L, P＜0.01; 46.78±1.35 vs 36.02±4.78 μg/L, P＜0.01; 197.32±6.39 vs 138.21±4.12 %, P＜0.01; 0.81±0.14 vs 0.35±0.12 mg/L, P＜0.01). Conclusion The levels of molecular markers of prethrombotic state can be used to monitor PVT in LC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To compare the intestinal flora metagenomics between osteoarthritis (OA) patients and healthy people in Guangdong province, and to preliminarily analyze the difference and specialty of both groups. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 29 healthy people and 66 patients with knee OA from June 2017 to December 2017 in the Hospital of TCM in Guangdong province. Among them, 17 patients with knee OA were classified into mild OA group and 49 patients were classified into severe OA group, according to K-L classification. Baseline comparison was performed prior to the test. After DNA extraction, Simpson diversity index was used to analyze the community diversity and LEfSe analysis was used to screen key species in the community. GO analysis and Pathway analysis were used to predict the metabolic function of the different flora. Results There was no significant difference in height, age, and weight among the three groups ( P > 0. 05). Simpson diversity index analysis showed that there was no significant difference in intestinal microbial diversity between patients with mild OA and healthy people, while intestinal microbial diversity of patients with severe OA was significantly lower than that of healthy people. LEfSe result showed that 18 species of bacteria, such as Stenotrphomonas and Xanthomonadacease, were significantly abundant in patients with knee OA, while 6 species of bacteria, including Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcus, were significantly abundant in patients with knee OA. Stenotrphomonas and Xanthomonadacease significantly distinguished patients with mild or heavy knee OA. The GO analysis of the differential species showed that the bacterial flora of Stenotrphomonas and Xanthomonadacease increased significantly, indicating an increasing tendency of the incidence of metabolic diseases, infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and immune diseases. Conclusion There are significant differences in the abundance of intestinal microflora and some microflora between the patients with knee OA and healthy people in Guangdong province. Stenotrphomonas and Xanthomonadacease can be used to obviously predict or diagnosis mild and severe knee OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]