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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Diabetes Mellitus is the property of Chinese Journal of Diabetes Mellitus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is currently the main cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and it can progress to hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Although obesity plays a key role in the development of NAFLD, more and more studies have confirmed that NAFLD still exists in lean individuals, and lean NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of death and accelerated disease progression. Therefore, lean NAFLD also deserves careful evaluation and follow-up; however, we still know little about the pathophysiological mechanism of lean NAFLD. This article reviews the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of lean NAFLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]