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With the development of economy and society, various types of infrastructures have produced many high and steep slopes in Loess Plateau areas. In order to provide references for the restoration of loess steep slopes and soil erosion control, based on the results of field insitu plot observation and artificial simulated rainfall tests, the erosion control effects and mechanisms of the new organic material crosslinked polystyrene (CLPs) is the plant joint slope protection technology on the loess steep slopes were analyzed. The results show that a) the runoff depth of the loess slope treated with CLPs is larger than that of the bare slope under the same rainfall condition, and the sand production was comparable with that of the bare slope under the same rainfall conditions, there is basically no erosion-control effect of treating loess slopes only with CLPs; b) The CLPs-grass and shrub slopes and CLPs-turf slopes using CLPs-vegetation co-remediation technology, the runoff depth and soil erosion modulus were much smaller than that of traditional grass-shrub slopes and fish-scale pits planted shrub slopes, and the annual average soil erosion modulus is only 0.9%-3.2% of that of traditional grass-shrub slopes and fish-scale pits planted shrub slopes, this means that the erosion control effect of CLPs and plants on loess slopes is remarkable; e) Compared with the CLPs protection slopes without vegetation cover, the CLPs-grass and shrub joint restoration slopes with 100% vegetation coverage show a significant decrease in runoff flow rate, Reynolds number, Rroude number, shear force, and power, and a significant increase in slope resistance coefficient and roughness coefficient, which is the hydrodynamic mechanism of the CLPs-grass and shrub joint slope restoration technology for erosion control; d) Using CLPs-vegetation slope protection technology, an effective soil reinforcement system, erosion control system and water retention system can be formed on the loess steep slopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]